CN109541559A - A kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology - Google Patents
A kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology, it is related in the synthetic aperture radiometer using simulation complex correlator, simulation complex correlator will receive the influence of several factors (environment temperature, signal cross-talk etc.) and introduce the Associativeoffsets changed over time.Influence of the Associativeoffsets of introducing to highly sensitive indoor passive millimeter wave imaging system be it is very big, eliminate multiple correlation biasing in real time also at the key point and difficult point in indoor passive millimeter wave imaging system.Method includes the following steps: two-stage phase shifter is added in passive millimeter wave imaging system local oscillator link indoors；Noise source is placed, its gain parameter is adjusted；Control two-stage phase shifter makees phase change；Data acquisition is carried out to correlation with computer；Processing correction is carried out to acquisition data.It may be implemented to eliminate system Associativeoffsets in real time using the present invention, algorithm is simply easily realized, can be widely applied to need in the system for eliminating such interference in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology, belongs to complex correlator
Technical field.
Background technique
It in synthetic aperture radiometer is handled by the complex correlation value measured different base line interferences, to be finally inversed by
The bright temperature in observed region is distributed to identify cutter, hazardous goods such as inflammables and explosives.Synthetic aperture radiometer due to its to human body without
The advantages that evil, protection privacy, rapid and convenient, is widely used in the place that subway, airport etc. need to carry out human body safety check.It is related
Device is the nucleus module of synthetic aperture radiometer, and correlator is divided into analog correlator and digital correlator.Analog correlator
(1) high sensitivity is had the advantage that compared with digital correlator.Theoretically, digital complex correlator be to analog signal into
It has gone quantization, has been that there are quantization errors.The limit of its precision is to simulate the precision of complex correlator.Therefore, complex correlator ratio is simulated
The precision of digital correlator is high.(2) in realization.Small in size, low in energy consumption, circuit is realized simple.(3) high-speed computation and wide bandwidth.
For digital complex correlator before operation, analog signal is needed first to quantify to acquire, Yao Shixian high-speed computation just needs to adopt
It is acquired with the AD of high speed, the AD acquisition difficulty of high speed is bigger.And there is phase shift for the core devices for simulating complex correlator
Device, wave detector, low-pass filter and difference amplifier, these devices can be easily done high-speed computation and wide bandwidth.
In view of the above advantage, simulates complex correlator and be widely used in highly sensitive fast imaging radiometer.But meanwhile
Simulating complex correlator, there is also some the problem of being difficult to avoid that.The analog device for simulating multiple correlation is affected by environment bigger, example
Non-linear, the environment temperature factor of such as device.These factors will lead to Associativeoffsets and drift about at any time, and highly sensitive spoke
Penetrate meter detection is small-signal, and the Associativeoffsets of very little can all generate large effect to imaging, so eliminating these at any time
Between the Associativeoffsets that changes to become using a key point of complex correlator be also difficult point.
Existing simulation complex correlator module, as shown in Figure 1, generally by centimetre module, power combing module, low-pass filtering
Module and difference amplifier module composition.The Associativeoffsets mentioned be when no signal input when, difference amplifier output port
Voltage.Associativeoffsets Producing reason consists of two parts: 1) differential amplifier inputs input difference causes；2) differential amplification
The undesirable biasing itself introduced of device.The method of traditional adjusting bias voltage are as follows: by adjusting difference amplifier input
Biasing resistor, to reach difference amplifier output end voltage for 0V.
Traditional adjustment method has the disadvantage in that the 1) regulative mode by physical resistance, manually adjusts, is extremely difficult to
Very high precision；2) it after Primary regulation molding, when bias voltage drift, just needs to dismantle component when needing to adjust again, adjust
Biasing resistor is saved, it is not only troublesome and do not allow in the case where being integrated into system.3) short when bias voltage drift time
When to certain time, manually adjusting be can not achieve.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcoming the assorted deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of broadband based on PSK technology
Complex correlator real-time calibration method is simulated, realizes and eliminates system Associativeoffsets in real time, and method is simply easily realized, can be widely applied
In the system for needing to eliminate such interference in real time.
The technology of the present invention solution: a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology, it is special
Sign is: it the following steps are included:
Step 1: the local oscillator link in the indoor passive millimeter wave imaging system using broadband analogue complex correlator is added
Two-stage phase shifter, the output end of frequency source module are linked into the input terminal of first order phase shifter, the output end of first order phase shifter
It is linked into the input terminal of second level phase shifter, the output end of second level phase shifter is linked into the input terminal of receiver mixer；
Step 2: placing noise source, adjusts noise source gain parameter, places a noise source in aerial array front end, adjusts
Whole noise source gain can acquisition voltage range (± 10V) to capture card；
Step 3: control two-stage phase shifter makees phase change, and control first order phase shifter phase is done 0 ° and 180 ° and alternately become
Change；Meanwhile it controlling second level phase shifter phase and doing 0 °, 20 ° ... 360 ° of interval variations；
Step 4: data acquisition, the corresponding voltage value of acquisition correlated results are carried out to correlation with computer；
Step 5: processing correction is carried out to acquisition data, processing method is offseted using Data flipping and obtains correlation；
Step 6: fitting circle calibration carries out round fitted calibration to the data that step 5 obtains correlation.
The step 2 places a point source using noise source as calibration source at the 1m of aerial array front end.
In the step 3, when control first order phase shifter phase does 0 ° and 180 ° alternating variation, period of change is
0.5ms。
In the step 3, control second level phase shifter phase is when doing 0 °, 20 ° ... 360 ° of interval variations, is divided into 20 °,
Period of change is 1ms.
In the step 4, frequency acquisition is set as 3 × 104bps。
In the step 5, it is specific as follows that Data flipping offsets processing method: collected data using 1ms as the period into
Row segmentation, is handled, then the data in 1ms are divided into preceding 0.5ms and rear 0.5ms again respectively, then front and back 0.5ms data point
It makes the difference as 0 ° of phase correlation after not doing average calculating operation, show that 20 °, 40 ° ... 360 ° are separated by 20 ° after the same method
Correlation.
The fitting circle correction processing method is specific as follows:
Step 1: center displacement namely debiasing
Step 2: length principal axis transformation
Step 3: phse conversion
Wherein, (cx, cy) it is elliptical center coordinate constant,For the initial phase constant of parametric equation x-component,For ginseng
The initial phase constant of number equation y-component, rxFor the axial length variable of parametric equation x-component, ryFor the axial length of parametric equation y-component
Variable, θ are parametric equation phase variant.
The present invention above-mentioned principle and process is further illustrated below.
The present invention probes into the reason of Associativeoffsets for generating simulation complex correlator first, followed by using phase shifter to complex phase
The principle for the method that pass device is eliminated in real time and its specific implementation step and data correction processing.
(1) complex correlator principle and its Associativeoffsets error analysis are simulated
Complex correlator obtains the reality of complex multiplication result by carrying out multiplying to two signals with phase information
Portion and imaginary part.Assuming that the two signal V with identical frequency ω1(t) and V2(t), can be write as exponential form as follows:
Wherein, A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial
Phase.Signal V1(t) and V2(t) R12Multiple correlation can be indicated with desired form are as follows:
Wherein, A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial
Phase, T are the time of integration.
The functional block diagram of complex correlator is as shown in Figure 1.It, can be with two signal V of wushu (1) and formula (2) according to Fig. 11(t)
And V2(t) it is written as:
Wherein, a andSignal V1(t) real and imaginary parts, b andSignal V1(t) real and imaginary parts, A1、A2Respectively
Signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial phase,
Signal after power combing is respectively as follows:
Wherein, R1For signal after a and b synthesis；R2ForWithSignal after synthesis；I1For a andSignal after synthesis；I2ForWith
Signal after b synthesis；A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial
Phase.
Signal can be write as after power detection and low-pass filtering:
Wherein R1'、R2'、I1' and I2' it is respectively signal R1、R2、I1And I2Signal after wave detector and filter, A1、A2
Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial phase.K is diode
Detection sensitivity is constant.And CR+(t)、CR-(t)、CI+(t)、CI-(t) corresponding difference amplifier differential input end is respectively indicated
Bias voltage, they are the functions of time, will lead to bias voltage as time different temperatures environment changes and float
It moves.
The output of difference amplifier are as follows:
Wherein VrealAnd VimagThe real and imaginary parts of complex signal, A are exported respectively after correlator operation1、A2Respectively signal
V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial phase.K is the detection sensitivity of diode
Constant, G be amplifier amplification factor, formula (13), (14) last G [CR+(t)-CR-And G [C (t)]I+(t)-CI-
(t)] be complex correlator introduce the Associativeoffsets changed over time namely the present invention part to be eliminated.
(2) the broadband analogue complex correlator real time calibration algorithm of PSK technology
Wushu (1) is respectively connected to the input terminal of two different phase shifters with formula (2) signal, in moment t, complex correlator it is defeated
Signal is formula (14), shown in formula (15) out.After time Δ t by very little, it is assumed that signal is held essentially constant, i.e. V1(t+
Δt)≈V1(t) and V2(t+Δt)≈V2(t).Subsequent time keeps signal V1(t) phase invariant, and to signal V2(t)
It is obtained after the phase shift of phase friendship last moment progress 180 degree:
Wherein, V1(t+ Δ t) is signal V1(t) signal after Δ t, V2+180(t+ Δ t) is signal V2(t) pass through Δ t
Signal after phase shift 180 degree afterwards, a andSignal V1(t) real and imaginary parts, b andSignal V1(t) real and imaginary parts, A1、
A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial phase.
Then again after the letter after phase shift through overpower detection and low-pass filtering after can be write as:
Wherein R'1+180、R'2+180、R'2+180And I'2+180Respectively signal R1、R2、I1And I2It is V for input signal1(t+Δ
And V t)2+180(signal when t+ Δ t) after wave detector and filter, A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude,
θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial phase, K are the detection sensitivity constant of diode, CR+(t+Δt)、CR-(t
+Δt)、CI+(t+Δt)、CI-(t+ Δ t) respectively indicates the biased electrical of corresponding t+ time Δt difference amplifier differential input end
Pressure, and the output of difference amplifier are as follows:
Wherein Vreal+180And Vimag+180Respectively signal V1(t+ Δ t) and V2+180(letter in reply is exported after t+ Δ t) related operation
Number real and imaginary parts, A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t+ Δ t) and V2+180(amplitude of t+ Δ t), θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t+
Δ t) and V2+180(the initial phase of t+ Δ t).K is the detection sensitivity of diode, and G is the amplification factor of amplifier, by very
After small time Δ t, it is believed that the bias voltage of difference amplifier be also be held essentially constant namely CR+(t+Δt)≈CR+
(t)、CR-(t+Δt)≈CR-(t)、CI+(t+Δt)≈CI+(t) and CI-(t+Δt)≈CI-(t)。
So formula (14)-(22), (15)-(23) obtain:
Vreal-Vreal+180=KGA1A2cos(θ1-θ2) (24)
Vimag-Vimag+180=KGA1A2sin(θ1-θ2) (25)
Wherein, A1、A2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) amplitude, θ1、θ2Respectively signal V1(t) and V2(t) initial
Phase, then formula (24), (25) are the real part and imaginary part after obtaining cancellation bias voltage.
(3) data acquisition process
Data acquisition is carried out to correlation with computer.With the corresponding voltage value of capture card acquisition correlated results, acquisition frequency
Rate is set as 30k.Collected data are split by the period of 1ms, are handled respectively.The data in 1ms are divided again again
For preceding 0.5ms and rear 0.5ms, make the difference after then front and back 0.5ms data are averaged respectively as 0 ° of behavior correlation.Similarly obtain
20 °, 40 ° ... 360 ° of correlation.
(4) data fitting circle correcting algorithm
Ideally, 3) collected 20 ° in step, 40 ° ... 360 ° of correlation is on a circumference, track side
Journey can be written as:
Round equation: (x-cx)2+(y-cy)2=r2 (26)
Corresponding parametric equation:
Wherein, (cx, cy) is central coordinate of circle constant,For parametric equation initial phase constant, r is Circle Parameters equation radius
Variable, θ are parametric equation phase variant.
But it in fact, each phase rotation point is controlled under the influence of precision, random noise etc., will not preferably be distributed in
On circumference but it is discrete be distributed near circumference, in this way the parametric equation variation of addition error for (parameter r in x and y,
It is inconsistent):
Wherein, (cx, cy) it is elliptical center coordinate constant,For the initial phase constant of parametric equation x-component,For ginseng
The initial phase constant of number equation y-component, rxFor the axial length variable of parametric equation x-component, ryFor the axial length of parametric equation y-component
Variable, θ are parametric equation phase variant.
This equation is the non-standard model of ellipse for having certain error.It is desirable that the center of circle position and radius it is big
It is small, to provide tuning parameter for system and complex correlator, so non-standard elliptic equation is just needed to be corrected to equation of a circle.It connects
Get off and (28) formula is transformed to the equation of a circle that center is coordinate origin
Step 1: center displacement namely debiasing
Step 2: length principal axis transformation
Step 3: phse conversion
Formula (30) can rewrite are as follows:
It may further convert are as follows:
Namely:
Wherein in the above derivation process, (cx, cy) it is represented as elliptical center coordinate constant,It is represented as parametric equation x
The initial phase constant of component,It is represented as the initial phase constant of parametric equation y-component, rxIt is represented as parametric equation x
The axial length variable of component, ryIt is represented as the axial length variable of parametric equation y-component, θ is represented as parametric equation phase variant.
It is that after parametric equation is modified, coordinate can be obtained in the circle of origin, as shown in Figure 5 with (33).Wherein, " * "
Line style is initial data, and " " line style data are revised data.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
Traditional adjustment method has the disadvantage in that the 1) regulative mode by physical resistance, manually adjusts, is extremely difficult to
Very high precision；2) it after Primary regulation molding, when bias voltage drift, just needs to dismantle component when needing to adjust again, adjust
Biasing resistor is saved, it is not only troublesome and do not allow in the case where being integrated into system.3) short when bias voltage drift time
When to certain time, manually adjusting be can not achieve.
The advantages of method very good solution of the invention deficiency of conventional method, new method, has: 1) using digital signal
The method of processing eliminates Associativeoffsets, and non-physical manually adjusts, as long as therefore having enough accuracy of data acquisition to reach
Very high Associativeoffsets degree of regulation；2) since new method is using the method for Digital Signal Processing, and current digital signal
Acquisition and processing speed be that by high speed, eliminate Associativeoffsets in real time；3) implementation method is simple, does not need disassembly mould
Block device does not need to complete by Laboratory Instruments yet, therefore what be can be convenient is used in the integrated equipment of outfield.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the complex correlator functional block diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Associativeoffsets data collection system in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the phase bit flipping in the present invention offsets processing；
Fig. 4 is that the Associativeoffsets in the present invention eliminates front and back point source imaging；
Fig. 5 is the fitting circle calibration example in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and example, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, existing simulation complex correlator module, generally by centimetre module, power combing module, low-pass filtering
Module and difference amplifier module composition.The Associativeoffsets that the present invention mentions is the difference amplifier output when no signal input
The voltage of port.Associativeoffsets Producing reason consists of two parts: 1) differential amplifier inputs input difference causes；2) poor
Divide the undesirable biasing itself introduced of amplifier.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology provided by the invention is
It is realized by following steps, it is as shown in Figure 2 that specific system implements block diagram.
Step 1: two-stage phase shifter is added in system local oscillator link.The output end of frequency source is linked into first order phase shifter
Input terminal, the output end of first order phase shifter is linked into the input terminal of second level phase shifter, the output end of second level phase shifter
It is linked into the input terminal of receiver mixer.Local oscillator link portions as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2: noise source is placed, its gain parameter is adjusted.A variable gain is placed at the spy 1m of aerial array front end
Noise source, adjusting its gain can acquisition voltage range (± 10V) to capture card.
Step 3: control two-stage phase shifter makees phase change.Control first order phase shifter phase is done 0 ° and 180 ° and is alternately become
Change, period of change 0.5ms；Meanwhile controlling second level phase shifter phase and doing 0 °, 20 ° ... 360 ° of variations, 20 ° are spaced, variation week
Phase is 1ms.
Step 4: data acquisition is carried out to correlation with computer.The corresponding voltage value of correlated results is acquired with capture card,
Frequency acquisition is set as 30k.
Step 5: processing correction is carried out to acquisition data.Collected data are split by the period of 1ms, respectively
Processing.Again the data in 1ms are divided into preceding 0.5ms and rear 0.5ms again, front and back 0.5ms data are then done average fortune respectively
It is made the difference after calculation as 0 ° of phase correlation.Similarly obtain the correlation of 20 °, 40 ° ... 360 °.Finally to obtaining the phase of out of phase
Pass value carries out round fitted calibration.Fig. 3 is that phase bit flipping offsets front and back data processed result, and the physical significance of the position in the center of circle is
Systemic bias can be evident that overturning offsets front and back and can be very good to eliminate systemic bias.Fig. 4 expression, overturning pair
Front and back disappear to the effect picture of point source imaging, the A in Fig. 4 is the image before Associativeoffsets is eliminated, and the B in Fig. 4 disappears for Associativeoffsets
Image after removing after offseting algorithm using overturning, can intuitively be clearly seen that point source.
Step 6: fitting circle calibration.Data after offseting to the overturning in step 5 carry out round fitted calibration.Fig. 5 is to turn over
Using fitting circle calibration figure after turning.Pass through the dispersion degree of reverse rotation data, it can be seen that further disappear after fitting circle calibration
In addition to biasing.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology, it is characterised in that: it includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: two-stage is added in the local oscillator link in the indoor passive millimeter wave imaging system using broadband analogue complex correlator
Phase shifter, the output end of frequency source module are linked into the input terminal of first order phase shifter, the output end access of first order phase shifter
Output end to the input terminal of second level phase shifter, second level phase shifter is linked into the input terminal of receiver mixer；
Step 2: adjustment noise source gain parameter places a noise source in aerial array front end, and adjustment noise source gain is to can
Acquisition voltage range；
Step 3: control two-stage phase shifter makees phase change, and control first order phase shifter phase is done 0 ° and 180 ° and alternately changed；Together
When, control second level phase shifter phase does 0 °, 20 ° ... 360 ° of interval variations；
Step 4: carrying out data acquisition with data collecting card, the data collected correlation result between array acceptor；
Step 5: processing method is offseted using Data flipping, processing correction is carried out to the data collected, after being corrected
Correlation result, i.e. correlation；
Step 6: round fitted calibration is carried out to the data of the correlation of step 5, remaining Associativeoffsets is further eliminated, thus complete
It works at real time calibration.
2. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
Be: the step 2 places a point source using noise source as calibration source at the 1m of aerial array front end.
3. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
It is: in the step 3, when control first order phase shifter phase does 0 ° and 180 ° alternating variation, period of change 0.5ms.
4. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
Be: in the step 3, control second level phase shifter phase is when doing 0 °, 20 ° ... 360 ° of interval variations, is divided into 20 °, variation
Period is 1ms.
5. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
Be: in the step 4, frequency acquisition is set as 3 × 104bps。
6. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
Be: in the step 5, Data flipping offsets processing method and is accomplished by collected data using 1ms as period progress
Segmentation, is handled, then the data in 1ms are divided into preceding 0.5ms and rear 0.5ms again respectively, and then front and back 0.5ms data are distinguished
The phase for being separated by 20 ° for obtaining 20 °, 40 ° ... 360 ° after the same method as 0 ° of phase correlation is made the difference after doing average calculating operation
Pass value.
7. a kind of broadband analogue complex correlator real-time calibration method based on PSK technology according to claim 1, feature
Be: the step 5, circle fitting correction processing method are specific as follows:
Step 1: center displacement namely debiasing
Step 2: length principal axis transformation
Step 3: phse conversion
Wherein, (cx,cy) it is elliptical center coordinate constant,For the initial phase constant of parametric equation x-component,For parameter side
The initial phase constant of journey y-component, rxFor the axial length variable of parametric equation x-component, ryFor the axial length variable of parametric equation y-component,
θ is parametric equation phase variant.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110515049A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-29 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of rotation sampling synthetic aperture radiometer Associativeoffsets bearing calibration |
| CN113702804A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-26 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Correlation error correction method in multi-channel digital correlator |
| CN113702804B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2024-02-09 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Correlation error correction method in multichannel digital correlator |
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