CN109510728B

CN109510728B - Method for automatically converting MIB file of network management information base into XML file

Info

Publication number: CN109510728B
Application number: CN201811584469.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江文刚
Original assignee: Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-24
Filing date: 2018-12-24
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-24
Also published as: CN109510728A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically converting a network management information base MIB file into an XML file, which comprises the following steps: s1, splitting the MIB file into word groups in a word segmentation mode; s2, analyzing the standard grammar according to the keywords in the word group; and S3, generating a custom XML file according to the analyzed information in a custom format, wherein the custom XML file comprises a root node, and the root node comprises an IMPORTS child node, a TABLES child node and an OIDS node. The invention does not need to compile codes according to each management information, saves a large amount of labor and material resources, and is visual, simple and convenient for checking and managing the management information base.

Description

Method for automatically converting MIB file of network management information base into XML file

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of network equipment management, and particularly relates to a method for automatically converting a network Management Information Base (MIB) file into an extensible markup language (XML) file, aiming at a network management system which uses a simple network management protocol for management, in particular to the situation of managing various network equipment.

Background

SNMP (simple network management protocol) was developed in the early nineties with the aim of simplifying the management of devices and the acquisition of data in large networks. Many network-related software uses SNMP services to simplify network management and maintenance. Because of the availability of SNMP, network hardware vendors have begun to add the SNMP protocol to every device they manufacture.

SNMP consists of a set of standards for network management, including an application layer protocol, a database model, and a set of resource objects. The NMS functions through the protocol to monitor the condition of the devices on the network. The protocol is a software and hardware universal protocol produced by various manufacturers. The SNMP management network mainly comprises three parts of managed equipment, an SNMP agent and a network management system. Each device managed in the network has a Management Information Base (MIB) for collecting and storing management information. The NMS (network management system) can obtain this information through the SNMP protocol. The managed devices, also referred to as network elements or network nodes, may be routers, switches, servers, hosts or other specialized devices that support the SNMP protocol, and so on.

In typical SNMP usage, there are many systems managed and one or more systems managing them. Each managed system runs a software element called agent (agent) and reports information to the management system through SNMP. Basically, SNMP agents present management data in variables. The management system retrieves the information via GET, GETNETX and GETBLK protocol commands, or the agent transmits the data using TRAP or INFORM without being queried. The management system can also transmit the request of configuration update or control, and the purpose of actively managing the system is achieved through the SET protocol instruction. Configuration and control instructions are only used when the network infrastructure needs to be changed, while monitoring instructions are usually a normal job. Variables accessible via SNMP are combined in a hierarchical manner. These hierarchies and other metadata (e.g., types and descriptions of variables) are described in a manner that manages the information bases.

A Management Information Base (MIB), which defines data items that a managed device must hold, the operations and meanings that are allowed to be performed on each data item, i.e., data variables such as control and status information of the managed device accessible to the management system, are stored in the MIB, is one of the contents of the TCP/IP network management protocol standard framework. The data items are commonly referred to as OIDs (object identifiers) in the MIB. The generalized format defined by the MIB supports the definition of its specific MIB set for each new managed device.

Extensible markup language (XML), a subset of standard generalized markup languages, is a markup language for markup electronic documents to be structured. Being suitable for transmission, providing a unified approach to describing and exchanging application or vendor independent structured data, is a cross-platform, content-dependent technology and is today an efficient tool for handling distributed structural information. Designed to be self-defining, self-descriptive, is the recommended standard for W3C. The simplicity of XML makes it easy to read and write data in any application, which makes XML quickly the only common language for data exchange, a common data exchange format.

In the management system using the SNMP, if there are a plurality of device types, and each device type management information base is different. In the past, codes need to be compiled according to each management information, and a large amount of repeated coding work exists; meanwhile, the management information base is not visual, simple and convenient enough in checking and managing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for automatically converting MIB files in a network management information base into XML files.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

a method for automatically converting MIB files of a network management information base into XML files comprises the following steps:

s1, splitting the MIB file into word groups in a word segmentation mode;

s2, analyzing the standard grammar according to the keywords in the word group;

and S3, generating a custom XML file according to the analyzed information in a custom format, wherein the custom XML file comprises a root node, and the root node comprises an IMPORTS child node, a TABLES child node and an OIDS node.

The custom XML file contains a root node according to the XML definition. The root node is the module name, and its attributes contain the statistical information of the module. And the number of GET nodes, SET nodes, TRAP nodes and the like. The root node contains three child nodes. The IMPORTS child node contains other module names referred by the module, and other information required by the module is imported according to the module names during program analysis. The TABLES child node contains the names of all the TABLES of the module. The OIDS node contains the relevant description information of all OIDS (management object identifiers) of the module. The custom XML file may be updated as needed.

Preferably, the specific implementation process of S1 is as follows:

s11, reading the MIB file line by line to generate a word group, traversing the word group for multiple times, obtaining the following information according to the keywords, and adding the information into the XML document:

a. the name of the module;

b. importing a module;

c. a derivation module;

d. a defined table;

e. a defined OID;

f. module statistics information;

wherein, the names of the modules are used for distinguishing different modules; the import module is used for analyzing the XML and needing a father node (imported from other modules) when the OID is generated; the defined table is used for classifying the nodes when the equipment information is acquired; the defined OID contains the most important information in the module; the module statistics are used to provide some basic information about the module, such as the number of various types of nodes, etc.

S12, attaching the module name and the generated XML document path to a record file.

The record file stores the names of all the converted modules and the corresponding XML document paths, and assists in providing other module information which needs to be referred to when the XML file is analyzed.

Preferably, in S11, the MIB file is read line by line, the characters are segmented according to the blank, and word information is generated using the line number, column number, and value of the current character to generate a word group; the space-divided characters include letters, symbols, and numbers.

Preferably, the specific implementation process of S2 is as follows: and reading the XML document, obtaining an import module and a defined table for analyzing OIDS nodes, and analyzing all OID descendant nodes under the OIDS nodes by adopting an analysis algorithm and a recursion algorithm to generate an OID array.

Preferably, the analysis algorithm is as follows:

s21, reading the XML document and putting the XML document into a variable doc;

s22, reading an XML node element named OIDS in a variable doc, and reading import module information imports Module of the node;

s23, creating a variable OID List array, wherein each element of the OID List array is a set and is used for storing OID information;

s24, transmitting the four parameters of the variable OID List array, the XML node element < OIDS >, the OID father node id and the import module information imports Module into a recursive algorithm;

s25, returning an OID List array, wherein the OID List array contains OID node array information of the current XML document.

Preferably, the recursive algorithm is as follows:

s26, acquiring the id and name attribute of the current node element; if the name is not "OIDS", i.e., not the first recursion, then the following is done: a. judging whether the parent node parentId of the OID is a non-null character, and if so, adding the parentId and the OID separator before the id "; b. judging whether the id is a null character, if so, reading the id from the XML document import module through an analysis algorithm;

s27, judging whether the current node element is get, getnext and trap nodes, if yes, generating OID node set information, storing the OIdList information to an OIdList array, and ending the current recursion; if not, all child nodes of the previous node element are obtained in a circulating mode, the OID List, the current circulating child node and the id of the current node element are used as OID father node ids in each circulating mode, and the import module information import module is transmitted into a recursion function to carry out next recursion calling.

Preferably, the method further comprises: and S4, generating a table of device management parameters by using the custom XML file, or automatically acquiring the operation information of the device by analyzing the custom XML file and adding configuration information.

The automatic acquisition of the running information of the equipment by analyzing the custom XML file and adding the configuration information is realized by the following modes:

each custom XML file corresponds to a configuration file, the configuration fileDevice for placingThe file comprises default parameter acquisition frequency, Chinese meaning of parameter names and Chinese meaning of enumerated parameter values;

each type of equipment corresponds to a configuration file, and the configuration file comprises a required custom XML file, parameters required to be managed and parameter acquisition frequency;

modifying the generated default XML configuration file corresponding to the custom XML file, and compiling the XML configuration file of the equipment;

and automatically allocating delay time by the program according to the read custom XML file and the configuration file through a delay time algorithm to automatically acquire the running information of the equipment.

The delay time algorithm is as follows:

classifying the OIDs according to the polling time, and batching the OIDs according to the maximum OID number Max obtained each time, wherein the total batch number is T;

the ratio of the number of bytes of the data packet header to the number of bytes of the data in the snmp protocol is approximately 4: 1, i.e. C ═ 4, H ═ 1;

the number of the i-th batch of OIDs is N_iIf the ith lot OID is of get type, then the delay factor is:

if the ith batch OID is of getnext type, then the delay factor is:

wherein Num is the estimated row number of the table;

if the default polling interval time is Δ t, the time occupied by the unit factor is obtained as follows:

u＝Δt/D_T

the delay time of the ith batch in the polling interval is calculated as:

T_i＝u*D_i。

by such delay, network traffic can be smoothed, avoiding peaks; meanwhile, the maximum OID number Max of each batch can be flexibly configured, so that the method is suitable for equipment with weak processor capability, and the quantity of the OIDs acquired each time is reduced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention does not need to compile codes according to each management information, saves a large amount of labor and material resources, and is visual, simple and convenient for checking and managing the management information base.

2. The invention automatically distributes the delay time through the delay time algorithm to automatically obtain the operation information of the equipment, thereby smoothing the network flow and avoiding the occurrence of peak value; meanwhile, the maximum OID number Max of each batch can be flexibly configured, so that the method is suitable for equipment with weak processor capability, and the quantity of the OIDs acquired each time is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating splitting an MIB file into word groups by word segmentation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1, the method for automatically converting MIB files in a network management information base into XML files in this embodiment includes the steps of:

s1, splitting the MIB file into word groups in a word segmentation mode;

s2, analyzing the standard grammar according to the keywords in the word group;

In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of S1 is as follows:

s11, reading MIB files line by line, dividing characters according to the blank, using the line number, the column number and the value of the current character to generate word information, generating word groups, wherein the blank divided characters comprise letters, symbols and numbers, traversing the word groups for multiple times, obtaining the following information according to the keywords, and adding the information into the XML document:

a. the name of the module;

b. importing a module;

c. a derivation module;

d. a defined table;

e. a defined OID;

f. module statistics information;

In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of S2 is as follows: and reading the XML document, obtaining an import module and a defined table for analyzing OIDS nodes, and analyzing all OID descendant nodes under the OIDS nodes by adopting an analysis algorithm and a recursion algorithm to generate an OID array.

The analytical algorithm is as follows:

s21, reading the XML document and putting the XML document into a variable doc;

The recursive algorithm is as follows:

the algorithm signature is as follows:

addLeaf(List<Map<String,String>>oidList,Element element,String parentId,Map<String,String>importsModule)。

The method of the invention also comprises the following steps: and S4, generating a table of device management parameters by using the custom XML file, or automatically acquiring the operation information of the device by analyzing the custom XML file and adding configuration information.

each user-defined XML file corresponds to a configuration file, and the configuration file comprises default parameter acquisition frequency, Chinese meaning of parameter names and Chinese meaning of enumerated parameter values;

The delay time algorithm is as follows:

if the ith batch OID is of getnext type, then the delay factor is:

wherein Num is the estimated row number of the table;

u＝Δt/D_T

the delay time of the ith batch in the polling interval is calculated as:

T_i＝u*D_i。

The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically converting MIB files of a network management information base into XML files is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, splitting the MIB file into word groups in a word segmentation mode;

s2, analyzing the standard grammar according to the keywords in the word group;

s3, generating a custom XML file according to the analyzed information in a custom format, wherein the custom XML file comprises a root node, and the root node comprises an IMPORTS child node, a TABLES child node and an OIDS node;

the method further comprises the following steps: s4, generating a table of device management parameters by using the custom XML file, or automatically acquiring the running information of the device by analyzing the custom XML file and adding configuration information;

the program automatically allocates delay time according to the read user-defined XML file and the configuration file and automatically acquires the running information of the equipment through a delay time algorithm;

the delay time algorithm is as follows:

the ratio of the number of bytes of the data packet head to the number of bytes of the data in the snmp protocol is 4: 1, namely C is 4 and H is 1;

D_i＝D_i-1+C*N_i+H，D_i-1represents the delay factor for batch i-1;

if the ith batch OID is of getnext type, then the delay factor is:

D_i＝D_i-1+(C*N_i+H)*Num

wherein Num is the estimated row number of the table;

u＝Δt/D_T

in the formula, D_TRepresents the sum of the factors of all batches;

the delay time of the ith batch in the polling interval is calculated as:

T_i＝u*D_i。

2. the method for automatically converting the MIB file of the network management information base into the XML file according to claim 1, wherein: the specific implementation process of the S1 is as follows:

a. the name of the module;

b. importing a module;

c. a derivation module;

d. a defined table;

e. a defined OID;

f. module statistics information;

3. The method of claim 2 for automatically converting MIB files in a network management information base into XML files, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S11, reading the MIB file line by line, dividing the character according to the blank, and generating word information by using the line number, the column number and the value of the current character to generate a word group; the space-divided characters include letters, symbols, and numbers.

4. The method of claim 2 for automatically converting MIB files in a network management information base into XML files, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific implementation process of the S2 is as follows: and reading the XML document, obtaining an import module and a defined table for analyzing OIDS nodes, and analyzing all OID descendant nodes under the OIDS nodes by adopting an analysis algorithm and a recursion algorithm to generate an OID array.

5. The method for automatically converting MIB files of network management information base into XML files according to claim 4, wherein: the analytical algorithm is as follows:

s21, reading the XML document and putting the XML document into a variable doc;

6. The method of claim 5 for automatically converting MIB files into XML files, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the recursive algorithm is as follows:

s27, judging whether the current node element is get, getnext and trap nodes, if yes, generating OID node set information, storing the OIdList information to an OIdList array, and ending the current recursion; if not, circularly acquiring all child nodes of the current node element, circularly taking the OID List, the current circular child node and the id of the current node element as OID parent node ids, and importing module information import Module to carry out next recursive call by using a recursive function.