CN109501313B - Non-isothermal forming device and process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material - Google Patents
Non-isothermal forming device and process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109501313B CN109501313B CN201811564453.1A CN201811564453A CN109501313B CN 109501313 B CN109501313 B CN 109501313B CN 201811564453 A CN201811564453 A CN 201811564453A CN 109501313 B CN109501313 B CN 109501313B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/461—Rigid movable compressing mould parts acting independently from opening or closing action of the main mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
- B29C33/04—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using liquids, gas or steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
Abstract
The invention relates to a non-isothermal forming device and a non-isothermal forming process for a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, wherein the non-isothermal forming device comprises a male die assembly, a female die assembly, a blank holder assembly, a supporting and guiding assembly, a demoulding assembly and a temperature control assembly, wherein a die female die holder and a male die are preheated, a blank is placed between the female die and the blank holder, the male die and the female die are jointly placed in an external heating device to be preheated to a target temperature and then placed in the female die holder, the male die moves downwards to enable the blank to be deformed, then a heating insert is separated, liquid circulation is carried out to cool the die and a workpiece. The invention simplifies the traditional composite material hot-press forming process, reduces the equipment requirement, avoids the high-low temperature circulating working condition of a heating device and ensures the forming quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot stamping forming of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a non-isothermal forming device and process of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material.
Background
Nowadays, the fields of traffic, aerospace and the like continuously pursue light weight, and the thermoplastic resin matrix composite material gradually receives attention from people due to the advantages of light weight, high strength, impact resistance, long storage time, recyclability and the like. Compared with reinforced composite materials such as short fibers and medium-long fibers, the continuous fiber reinforced composite material maintains the integrity of fibers before forming in some directions of a workpiece, and the mechanical property of the workpiece in the directions is greatly improved. However, for single piece or small batch production of continuous fibers, the cost is greatly increased by using large equipment, and the requirements for preheating modes are different for different composite materials. In the traditional composite material molding, equipment including a mold and a blank are placed in a constant-heat environment for molding, and the requirements on the material, the volume and the like of molding equipment are high. In addition, the mode of integral heating and integral cooling of the die is that the die is integrally cooled to normal temperature after molding and then a workpiece is taken out, so that the service life of the die is influenced due to the fact that most parts of the die are in a high-temperature and low-temperature circulating environment, the heating and cooling time is greatly prolonged, and the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a non-isothermal forming apparatus and process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a non-isothermal forming device of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite is characterized in that: the device comprises a male die component, a female die component, a blank holder component, a supporting and guiding component, a demoulding component and a temperature control component;
the male die assembly comprises an upper die plate, a male die backing plate, a male die and a male die fixing plate, the male die is fixed in a groove at the top of the male die fixing plate, the male die fixing plate is connected with the upper die plate through a screw, and the male die backing plate is arranged between the upper die plate and the male die fixing plate;
the female die assembly comprises a lower die plate, a female die base plate, a heat insulation plate, a female die holder and a female die, the female die is fixed in a groove in the top of the female die holder, the female die holder is connected with the lower die plate through a screw, the female die base plate is laid on the lower die plate, and the heat insulation plate is arranged between the female die holder and the female die base plate;
the blank holder assembly comprises a blank holder screw, a blank holder spring, a gasket and a blank holder, a flange on the bottom surface of the blank holder is matched and clamped with a groove on the top surface of the female die, a preformed hole is formed in the blank holder, a preformed groove is formed in the female die corresponding to the preformed hole, the blank holder screw sequentially penetrates through the gasket and the blank holder spring and then is connected to the male die fixing plate, and the preformed hole and the preformed groove are matched with the head part of the blank holder screw;
the supporting and guiding assembly comprises a guide sleeve and a guide pillar, the guide sleeve is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper template, the guide pillar is fixed on the top surface of the lower template, and the guide sleeve and the guide pillar are arranged correspondingly;
the demolding assembly comprises an ejector rod and a demolding spring, the ejector rod is arranged in a central through hole of the die holder, and the demolding spring is arranged between the ejector rod and the die base plate;
the temperature control assembly comprises a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a temperature measuring mechanism, the heating mechanism comprises a heat preservation box, a male die heating set, a female die heating set, a heating insert and a connecting screw rod, the heat preservation box is formed by splicing a left box body and a right box body which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a female die base, the left box body and the right box body are both fixed on a lower die plate, cavities in the left box body and the right box body are respectively provided with the heating insert, the connecting screw rod penetrates through holes in the side walls of the left box body and the right box body and is in threaded connection with the heating insert, positioning grooves are arranged on the left side and the right side of the female die and are configured with; the cooling mechanism is a cooling liquid pipeline arranged inside the die holder; the temperature measuring mechanism comprises a male die thermocouple group and a female die thermocouple group, and the male die thermocouple group and the female die thermocouple group are respectively arranged on the male die and the female die base.
According to the scheme, the heat insulation plate and the heat insulation box are made of asbestos plates.
According to the scheme, the male die component and the female die component are made of aluminum alloy materials.
A non-isothermal forming process of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1) cutting, cleaning and drying the composite material blank, laminating, and placing into a blank holder and female die parting groove;
s2) preheating and compacting the blank, the blank holder and the female die together outside the die, and preserving heat at a forming temperature;
s3) preheating the die by using a self-provided heating mechanism, and simultaneously coating a release agent on the working surface of the die;
s4) placing the blank, the blank holder and the female die combination into a die for positioning;
s5) closing the mould to finish forming;
s6) heat preservation and pressure maintaining;
s7) cooling liquid is circulated to rapidly cool the die to room temperature, then the die is opened, and the product is taken out.
According to the scheme, the composite material blank is a same-kind or multilayer dissimilar composite material plate.
According to the scheme, in the step (S2), the compacting and preheating temperature is 60-70 ℃ higher than the melting point of the composite material resin, and the forming temperature is 20-30 ℃ higher than the melting point of the resin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the non-isothermal forming device and the process for the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material have the advantages that the structure is simple, the equipment cost can be greatly reduced, the movable female die and the male die are convenient to detach and replace, the flexibility of forming composite material parts with different shapes by the die is improved, and the processing range is widened; the die holder adopts a movable block type heating mode, namely the position of the heating insert is adjusted when heating is needed, so that the heating insert is combined with the die holder, and the heating insert is separated from the die holder when cooling is needed, so that the die can be opened without cooling the heating insert, the cooling time is saved, the energy is saved, and the forming and processing efficiency is improved; the heating insert and the heating pipe set in the heating insert have small temperature change range in the working process, thereby avoiding the reciprocating circulation between high temperature and normal temperature and prolonging the service life of the heating pipe; the female die and the blank holder can move, and the method has good adaptability to two preheating modes of the composite material outside the die and inside the die; the temperature control assembly comprises a thermocouple group which is arranged in the female die holder and the male die, and feeds back and adjusts the processing temperature in real time, so that the accuracy of processing parameters is ensured, and the processing quality is ensured; the blank holder is used for self-weight pre-compaction at a higher temperature, so that the processing technology is simplified while the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a forming device according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a blank placement configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a position of a heating insert in an open mold state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in FIG. 2, a non-isothermal forming device for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite comprises a male die assembly, a female die assembly, a blank holder assembly, a supporting and guiding assembly, a demoulding assembly and a temperature control assembly;
the male die assembly comprises an upper die plate 1-1, a male die backing plate 1-2, a male die 1-3 and a male die fixing plate 1-4, wherein the male die is fixed in a groove at the top of the male die fixing plate, the male die fixing plate is connected with the upper die plate through a screw, and the male die backing plate is arranged between the upper die plate and the male die fixing plate;
the female die assembly comprises a lower die plate 2-1, a female die backing plate 2-2, a heat insulation plate 2-3, a female die holder 2-4 and a female die 2-5, the female die is fixed in a groove in the top of the female die holder, the female die holder is connected with the lower die plate through a screw, the female die backing plate is laid on the lower die plate, and the heat insulation plate is arranged between the female die holder and the female die backing plate;
the blank holder assembly comprises a blank holder screw 3-1, a blank holder spring 3-2, a gasket 3-3 and a blank holder 3-4, a flange on the bottom surface of the blank holder is matched and clamped with a groove on the top surface of the female die, a preformed hole is arranged on the blank holder, a preformed groove is arranged on the female die corresponding to the preformed hole, the blank holder screw sequentially penetrates through the gasket and the blank holder spring and then is connected to the male die fixing plate, and the preformed hole and the preformed groove are matched with the head part of the blank holder screw; in the descending process of the upper template, the head of the blank holder screw enters a reserved hole of the blank holder, the gasket does not move after contacting the blank holder, the blank holder screw continues to descend along with the male die fixing plate at the moment, the blank holder spring is gradually compressed, the generated pressure acts on the blank holder, and then the blank holder force acts on the blank 7.
The supporting and guiding assembly comprises a guide sleeve 4-1 and a guide pillar 4-2, the guide sleeve is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper template, the guide pillar is fixed on the top surface of the lower template, the guide sleeve and the guide pillar are arranged correspondingly, and the guide sleeve is matched with the guide pillar to play a role in guiding and positioning;
the demoulding assembly comprises a mandril 5-1 and a demoulding spring 5-2, the mandril is arranged in a central through hole of the die holder, and the demoulding spring is arranged between the mandril and the die base plate; the demoulding spring is compressed in the stamping process, and in the mould opening process, the demoulding spring is recovered to generate upward force to act on a workpiece so as to assist demoulding.
The temperature control component comprises a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a temperature measuring mechanism, the heating mechanism comprises a heat preservation box 6-1, a male die heating group 6-2, a female die heating group 6-3, a heating insert 6-4 and a connecting screw 6-5, the heat preservation box is formed by splicing a left box body and a right box body which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a female die base, the left box body and the right box body are both fixed on a lower die plate, the inner cavities of the left box body and the right box body are respectively provided with the heating insert, the connecting screw penetrates through holes on the side walls of the left box body and the right box body to be in screwed connection with the heating insert, the left side and the right side of the female die are provided with positioning grooves which are configured with the heating insert, the connecting screw is used for operating and controlling the position of the heating insert, when the die needs to be heated, the male die heating pipe set is arranged in the male die, the female die heating pipe set is arranged in the heating insert, and the heating pipe set provides heat for the device; the cooling mechanism is a cooling liquid pipeline 6-6 arranged inside the die holder; the temperature measuring mechanism comprises a male die thermocouple group 6-7 and a female die thermocouple group 6-8, wherein the male die thermocouple group and the female die thermocouple group are respectively arranged on one sides of the male die and the female die holder, which are close to the working surface, and are used for measuring the temperature of the die.
The heat insulation board and the heat insulation box are made of asbestos boards, and the heat transfer coefficient is small.
The male die assembly and the female die assembly are made of aluminum alloy materials, the mass is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the heat transfer efficiency is greatly improved, the heating and cooling time is further shortened, the time interval between multiple times of machining is short, and the machining efficiency is high.
Example one
Three layers of unidirectional carbon fiber fabric reinforced nylon are taken as an example for hot stamping forming (see figure 1).
The mold and the components of each part were correctly mounted (see fig. 3), the unidirectional prepreg was cut into a square having a side length of 120mm, the surface of the prepreg was cleaned with a brush, and then dried in an oven at 40 ℃ for 5 minutes to be laminated in a manner of [0 °/90 °/0 ° ]. The blank holder and the surface of the female die contacted with the blank are evenly coated with proper amount of methyl silicone oil, then the blank is placed into the female die groove and is matched with the blank holder at the same time, and the blank holder, the blank and the female die are sequentially matched and placed from top to bottom (see figure 4). The blank holder, the blank and the female die are combined and preheated in an oven at 280 ℃ together, so that the blank holder, the blank and the female die are preliminarily pre-pressed for 5min under the load of 20Kg, and then are insulated for 10min in a furnace at 240 ℃. During blank preheating, high-temperature methyl silicone oil is uniformly coated on the contact surface of the female die holder and the female die and the inner surface of the cavity to improve demolding and heat transfer among die parts, and the die is heated to 240 ℃ by using the male die heating tube set and the female die heating tube set. And taking out the blank holder, the blank and the female die which are preheated in the oven, and quickly putting the blank holder, the blank and the female die into the groove of the female die holder of the die to finish positioning. The male die descends at the speed of 100mm/min, the downward movement is stopped after the punching with the depth of 10mm is completed, and the pressure is maintained for 5 min. And dragging connecting screws (see figure 5) to the two outer sides to separate the heating insert from the die holder and enable the heating insert to enter the heat preservation box, introducing circulating cooling water into a cooling liquid pipeline on the die holder, cooling the die to 30 ℃ with the water temperature being room temperature and the flow rate being 1m/s, enabling the male die to move upwards, opening the die and taking out a finished piece. The blank cooling speed is fast, and required time is short, and when reforming, the heating insert still can keep higher temperature and need not to heat again from the normal temperature.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A non-isothermal forming device of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite is characterized in that: the device comprises a male die component, a female die component, a blank holder component, a supporting and guiding component, a demoulding component and a temperature control component;
the male die assembly comprises an upper die plate, a male die backing plate, a male die and a male die fixing plate, the male die is fixed in a groove at the top of the male die fixing plate, the male die fixing plate is connected with the upper die plate through a screw, and the male die backing plate is arranged between the upper die plate and the male die fixing plate;
the female die assembly comprises a lower die plate, a female die base plate, a heat insulation plate, a female die holder and a female die, the female die is fixed in a groove in the top of the female die holder, the female die holder is connected with the lower die plate through a screw, the female die base plate is laid on the lower die plate, and the heat insulation plate is arranged between the female die holder and the female die base plate;
the blank holder assembly comprises a blank holder screw, a blank holder spring, a gasket and a blank holder, a flange on the bottom surface of the blank holder is matched and clamped with a groove on the top surface of the female die, a preformed hole is formed in the blank holder, a preformed groove is formed in the female die corresponding to the preformed hole, the blank holder screw sequentially penetrates through the gasket and the blank holder spring and then is connected to the male die fixing plate, and the preformed hole and the preformed groove are matched with the head part of the blank holder screw;
the supporting and guiding assembly comprises a guide sleeve and a guide pillar, the guide sleeve is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper template, the guide pillar is fixed on the top surface of the lower template, and the guide sleeve and the guide pillar are arranged correspondingly;
the demolding assembly comprises an ejector rod and a demolding spring, the ejector rod is arranged in a central through hole of the die holder, and the demolding spring is arranged between the ejector rod and the die base plate;
the temperature control assembly comprises a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a temperature measuring mechanism, the heating mechanism comprises a heat preservation box, a male die heating set, a female die heating set, a heating insert and a connecting screw rod, the heat preservation box is formed by splicing a left box body and a right box body which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a female die base, the left box body and the right box body are both fixed on a lower die plate, cavities in the left box body and the right box body are respectively provided with the heating insert, the connecting screw rod penetrates through holes in the side walls of the left box body and the right box body and is in threaded connection with the heating insert, positioning grooves are arranged on the left side and the right side of the female die and are configured with; the cooling mechanism is a cooling liquid pipeline arranged inside the die holder; the temperature measuring mechanism comprises a male die thermocouple group and a female die thermocouple group, and the male die thermocouple group and the female die thermocouple group are respectively arranged on the male die and the female die base.
2. The non-isothermal forming device of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite according to claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation board and the heat insulation box are made of asbestos boards.
3. The non-isothermal forming device of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite according to claim 1, wherein: the male die component and the female die component are made of aluminum alloy materials.
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| CN201811564453.1A CN109501313B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Non-isothermal forming device and process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material |
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| CN201811564453.1A CN109501313B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Non-isothermal forming device and process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material |
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| CN109501313B true CN109501313B (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| CN110406134B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-08-13 | 帝国理工创新有限公司 | Method for forming carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material part |
| CN112078150A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Compression molding process of composite plate spring |
| CN116476282B (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-04-02 | 惠州兴智汇科技有限公司 | Steel-based resin composite female die for plastic glue pressing and processing technology thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102729364A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-17 | 上海交通大学 | Thermoplastic resin-base braiding composite material thermoforming mold structure |
| CN204770230U (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | General mould of hot formed technology |
| CN108928012A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-04 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | A kind of process of efficient forming composite leaf spring |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102729364A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-17 | 上海交通大学 | Thermoplastic resin-base braiding composite material thermoforming mold structure |
| CN204770230U (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | General mould of hot formed technology |
| CN108928012A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-04 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | A kind of process of efficient forming composite leaf spring |
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