CN109479543A - The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum - Google Patents
The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109479543A CN109479543A CN201711469297.6A CN201711469297A CN109479543A CN 109479543 A CN109479543 A CN 109479543A CN 201711469297 A CN201711469297 A CN 201711469297A CN 109479543 A CN109479543 A CN 109479543A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- scion
- grafting
- stock
- plum
- soil
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grafting and breeding methods of the ornamental plum of high survival rate, include the following steps: (1), selection of land site preparation: selecting the nursery that topography is flat, irrigation and drainage convenience, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, wet, the good soil of transparent performance are as ornamental plum, nursery will plough deeply 15 centimetres, ground will flatten whole thin, uniform of application selects ornamental plum grafting special with 500 kilograms of fertilizer per acre；(2), stock selects: selecting life in 1~2 year, seedling that ground diameter is the plum of 1~2.5cm specification is as stock, stock is transplanted to the nursery handled to site preparation；(3), graft seedling growth: the acquisition of scion preferably selects sunny slope generally from the peripheral middle and upper part for adopting fringe female parent, and illumination is sufficient, develops 1~2 year substantial raw branch as scion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling grafting method more particularly to a kind of grafting and breeding methods of ornamental plum.
Background technique
Plum blossom south originating in China has more than 3,000 years cultivation histories, and no matter making ornamental or fruit tree, there are many kinds.
Not only outdoor cropping can also be planted for watching as potted flower, production plum stake many types.It is suitable for the ornamental plum master of Jiangsu Province plant
Have: Mei Renmei, poplar highest-ranking imperial concubine, plum of being bent on, eightfold Tang Mei, close colored bone be red, pale rose colour cinnabar, single-lobe yellow fragrant, three-wheel jade butterfly, simple and elegant palace
Powder, single-lobe are early white etc..The modes of reproduction of ornamental plum blossom is mainly several using grafting, cuttage and sowing etc. at present, due to transferring
The kind that can improve oriental cherry is connect, therefore use is more, but general engrafting method is not easy to operate, influences survival rate, while general
Logical soil is not suitable for the growth of ornamental plum blossom, also will affect survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of grafting and breeding method of the ornamental plum of high survival rate.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: watching the grafting and breeding method of plum, including it is as follows
Step:
(1), selection of land site preparation: selection topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, wet, transparent performance is good
Nursery of the soil as ornamental plum, nursery will plough deeply 15 centimetres, and ground will flatten whole thin, uniform of application, per acre selection sight
It is special with 500 kilograms of fertilizer to appreciate plum grafting；
(2), stock selects: select life in 1~2 year, ground diameter for the plum of 1~2.5cm specification seedling as stock, by stock
Transplant the nursery handled to site preparation；
(3), graft seedling growth: the acquisition of scion preferably selects sunny slope generally from the peripheral middle and upper part for adopting fringe female parent, and illumination is sufficient,
1~2 year substantial raw branch of development need to adjust temperature when early spring temperature gos up as scion in time, keep moisture and support
Point, it prevents scion sprout from expanding, influences Relationship between Graft Effect, sample bevel to overwintering scion is stored, insertion humidity, proper temperature
In sandy soil, if forming callus in 10 days, that is, it can be used to graft, the scion through cryopreservation need to be activated, before connecing again
With water logging 12~for 24 hours, graft survival rate can be improved.It is grafted using the method for scion grafting, the scion grafting time is generally with spring terminal bud
Carry out ideal when just sprouting, at this moment sap starts to flow, and interface is easy healing, high graft survival rate, and cleft grafting is most often
Stem grafting method usually uses when stock is relatively thick, scion is smaller, cuts scion the scion under adopting and remove the tip of a branch and base portion not
The part of full bud, is cut into long 5-8cm, then the branch section of at least 2-3 bud (retains bud) from scion lower part 3cm or so
It is whittled into the tapered ramp of two long horse ear shapes, the long 2.5-3cm of bevel, the thin side in scion side is slightly thick, and bevel is flat and smooth and stock
Split it is tight-lipped lean on, two sides forming layer easily connects healing, improves graft survival rate, to retain when cutting scion, in scion 2~3 it is complete
Full bud, by scion from the lower bud back side, with grafting knife to inscribe one as deep as xylem but no more than the long section of medulla, long 2-
3cm, the rear end then at the section cut the small inclined-plane of a long 0.8-1cm, and the long bevel that scion has been cut inserts people's stock inwards
In notch, make both sides' forming layer alignment contiguity, the depth of scion insertion, which exposes 2-3 ㎜ or so with scion cutting surface upper end, to be advisable, and has
Benefit healing survives, and is grafted in stock abdomen, and often when stock is thinner using stock is cut in stock height appropriate, choosing is smooth
One side, deep partial application from top to bottom, notch gos deep into xylem, but lower end is no more than medulla, length and the long bevel phase of scion
When inwards (medulla), forming layer is aligned the long bevel of scion, bondage, moisturizing, and after grafting survival, break anvil；
(4), it the management after seedling grafting: after seedling grafting, to strengthen management, survival rate could be improved, major measure is: hang
Board, survival rate inspection, cut anvil, unbundlings, benefit connect, bud picking with except sprout, the measures such as daily field management.After grafting survival, normal
It advises in field management, according to seedling growth situation and growth rhythm, watering in due course, appropriateness fertilising, weeding loosen the soil, prevent and treat disease pest
Evil, branch-finishing and pruning promote nursery stock healthy growth.
In order to better solve above-mentioned technical problem, the further technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows: the scion grafting is answered
Start to graft when at spring, temperature goes back up to 15 DEG C, fine day is more advisable, and seedling grafting can be implemented throughout the year, when grafting such as
Soil drought should first pour water and increase soil moisture, general soil water content optimum at 14~17%, between anvil sheet and scion
The parenchyma cell proliferation of interface, healing need sufficient oxygen, easily interfere to heal when the content of oxygen is lower than 12% in air
Effect, under illumination condition, callus growth less and firmly, color depth, easily cause anvil, fringe disunion, dark item created after grafting
Part is conducive to the growth of callus, promotes grafting survival.
In order to better solve above-mentioned technical problem, the further technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows: the oriental cherry grafting
It is special to be consisted of the following components with fertilizer: 35-40 kilograms of chicken manure, 40-45 kilograms of straw clast, 5-10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
5-10 kilograms.
In order to better solve above-mentioned technical problem, the further technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows: the oriental cherry grafting
It is special to be consisted of the following components with fertilizer: 35 kilograms of chicken manures, 45 kilograms of straw clasts, 10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potash fertilizer.
In order to better solve above-mentioned technical problem, the further technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows: the straw
Clast is corn stover clast.
In order to better solve above-mentioned technical problem, the further technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows: the ornamental plum is
Beauty plum.
The invention has the advantages that the grafting and breeding method of above-mentioned ornamental plum, grafting uses scion grafting, and scion and stock can be more
Combine well, promote survival rate, at the same using ornamental plum connect it is special applied fertilizer with fertile to soil so that P in soil H value is in 6.5-
Between 7, it is suitble to the breeding growth of ornamental plum grafting and breeding, guarantees the survival rate of ornamental plum blossom.
Specific embodiment
Particular content of the invention is described in detail below by specific embodiment.
The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum, includes the following steps:
(1), selection of land site preparation: selection topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, wet, transparent performance is good
Nursery of the soil as ornamental plum, nursery will plough deeply 15 centimetres, and ground will flatten whole thin, uniform of application, per acre selection sight
It is special with 500 kilograms of fertilizer to appreciate plum grafting；
(2), stock selects: select life in 1~2 year, ground diameter for the plum of 1~2.5cm specification seedling as stock, by stock
Transplant the nursery handled to site preparation；
(3), graft seedling growth: the acquisition of scion preferably selects sunny slope generally from the peripheral middle and upper part for adopting fringe female parent, and illumination is sufficient,
1~2 year substantial raw branch of development need to adjust temperature when early spring temperature gos up as scion in time, keep moisture and support
Point, it prevents scion sprout from expanding, influences Relationship between Graft Effect, sample bevel to overwintering scion is stored, insertion humidity, proper temperature
In sandy soil, if forming callus in 10 days, that is, it can be used to graft, the scion through cryopreservation need to be activated, before connecing again
With water logging 12~for 24 hours, graft survival rate can be improved.It is grafted using the method for scion grafting, the scion grafting time is generally with spring terminal bud
Carry out ideal when just sprouting, at this moment sap starts to flow, and interface is easy healing, high graft survival rate, and cleft grafting is most often
Stem grafting method usually uses when stock is relatively thick, scion is smaller, cuts scion the scion under adopting and remove the tip of a branch and base portion not
The part of full bud, is cut into long 5-8cm, then the branch section of at least 2-3 bud (retains bud) from scion lower part 3cm or so
It is whittled into the tapered ramp of two long horse ear shapes, the long 2.5-3cm of bevel, the thin side in scion side is slightly thick, and bevel is flat and smooth and stock
Split it is tight-lipped lean on, two sides forming layer easily connects healing, improves graft survival rate, to retain when cutting scion, in scion 2~3 it is complete
Full bud, by scion from the lower bud back side, with grafting knife to inscribe one as deep as xylem but no more than the long section of medulla, long 2-
3cm, the rear end then at the section cut the small inclined-plane of a long 0.8-1cm, and the long bevel that scion has been cut inserts people's stock inwards
In notch, make both sides' forming layer alignment contiguity, the depth of scion insertion, which exposes 2-3 ㎜ or so with scion cutting surface upper end, to be advisable, and has
Benefit healing survives, and is grafted in stock abdomen, and often when stock is thinner using stock is cut in stock height appropriate, choosing is smooth
One side, deep partial application from top to bottom, notch gos deep into xylem, but lower end is no more than medulla, length and the long bevel phase of scion
When inwards (medulla), forming layer is aligned the long bevel of scion, bondage, moisturizing, and after grafting survival, break anvil；
(4), it the management after seedling grafting: after seedling grafting, to strengthen management, survival rate could be improved, major measure is: hang
Board, survival rate inspection, cut anvil, unbundlings, benefit connect, bud picking with except sprout, the measures such as daily field management.After grafting survival, normal
It advises in field management, according to seedling growth situation and growth rhythm, watering in due course, appropriateness fertilising, weeding loosen the soil, prevent and treat disease pest
Evil, branch-finishing and pruning promote nursery stock healthy growth.The scion grafting should start to graft when at spring, temperature goes back up to 15 DEG C, fine
It is more advisable, and seedling grafting can be implemented throughout the year, when grafting such as soil drought, should first pour water and increase soil moisture, generally
Soil moisture content optimum at 14~17%, the parenchyma cell proliferation of interface, healing, need and fill between anvil sheet and scion
The oxygen of foot easily interferes Healing when the content of oxygen is lower than 12% in air, under illumination condition, callus growth less and
Firmly, color depth easily causes anvil, fringe disunion, creates dark condition after grafting, is conducive to the growth of callus, promote grafting at
It is living.
The oriental cherry grafting is special to be consisted of the following components with fertilizer: 35-40 kilograms of chicken manure, 40-45 kilograms of straw are broken
Bits, 5-10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 kilograms of potash fertilizer.
In the present embodiment: the oriental cherry grafting is special to be consisted of the following components with fertilizer: 35 kilograms of chicken manures, 45 kilograms of plants
Stalk clast, 10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potash fertilizer.In the present embodiment: the straw clast is corn stover clast.?
In the present embodiment: the ornamental plum is beauty plum.
The grafting and breeding method of above-mentioned ornamental plum, grafting use scion grafting, and scion can be combined preferably with stock, promotion at
Motility rate, at the same using ornamental plum connect it is special applied fertilizer with fertilizer to soil so that P in soil H value between 6.5-7, is suitble to watch
The breeding of plum grafting and breeding is grown, and guarantees the survival rate of ornamental plum blossom.
Claims (6)
1. the grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum, characterized by the following steps:
(1), selection of land site preparation: selection topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, wet, transparent performance is good
Nursery of the soil as ornamental plum, nursery will plough deeply 15 centimetres, and ground will flatten whole thin, uniform of application, per acre selection sight
It is special with 500 kilograms of fertilizer to appreciate plum grafting；
(2), stock selects: select life in 1~2 year, ground diameter for the plum of 1~2.5cm specification seedling as stock, by stock
Transplant the nursery handled to site preparation；
(3), graft seedling growth: the acquisition of scion preferably selects sunny slope generally from the peripheral middle and upper part for adopting fringe female parent, and illumination is sufficient,
1~2 year substantial raw branch of development need to adjust temperature when early spring temperature gos up as scion in time, keep moisture and support
Point, it prevents scion sprout from expanding, influences Relationship between Graft Effect, sample bevel to overwintering scion is stored, insertion humidity, proper temperature
In sandy soil, if forming callus in 10 days, that is, it can be used to graft, the scion through cryopreservation need to be activated, before connecing again
With water logging 12~for 24 hours, graft survival rate can be improved, grafted using the method for scion grafting, the scion grafting time is generally with spring terminal bud
Carry out ideal when just sprouting, at this moment sap starts to flow, and interface is easy healing, high graft survival rate, and cleft grafting is most often
Stem grafting method usually uses when stock is relatively thick, scion is smaller, cuts scion the scion under adopting and remove the tip of a branch and base portion not
The part of full bud, is cut into long 5-8cm, then the branch section of at least 2-3 bud (retains bud) from scion lower part 3cm or so
It is whittled into the tapered ramp of two long horse ear shapes, the long 2.5-3cm of bevel, the thin side in scion side is slightly thick, and bevel is flat and smooth and stock
Split it is tight-lipped lean on, two sides forming layer easily connects healing, improves graft survival rate, to retain when cutting scion, in scion 2~3 it is complete
Full bud, by scion from the lower bud back side, with grafting knife to inscribe one as deep as xylem but no more than the long section of medulla, long 2-
3cm, the rear end then at the section cut the small inclined-plane of a long 0.8-1cm, and the long bevel that scion has been cut inserts people's stock inwards
In notch, make both sides' forming layer alignment contiguity, the depth of scion insertion, which exposes 2-3 ㎜ or so with scion cutting surface upper end, to be advisable, and has
Benefit healing survives, and is grafted in stock abdomen, and often when stock is thinner using stock is cut in stock height appropriate, choosing is smooth
One side, deep partial application from top to bottom, notch gos deep into xylem, but lower end is no more than medulla, length and the long bevel phase of scion
When inwards (medulla), forming layer is aligned the long bevel of scion, bondage, moisturizing, and after grafting survival, break anvil；
(4), it the management after seedling grafting: after seedling grafting, to strengthen management, survival rate could be improved, major measure is: hang
Board, survival rate inspection, cut anvil, unbundlings, benefit connect, bud picking with except sprout, the measures such as daily field management, after grafting survival, normal
It advises in field management, according to seedling growth situation and growth rhythm, watering in due course, appropriateness fertilising, weeding loosen the soil, prevent and treat disease pest
Evil, branch-finishing and pruning promote nursery stock healthy growth.
2. according to the grafting and breeding method of the ornamental plum described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the scion grafting should be in spring
When temperature start to graft when going back up to 15 DEG C, fine day is more advisable, and seedling grafting can be implemented throughout the year, when grafting such as soil dry
Drought should first pour water and increase soil moisture, general soil water content optimum at 14~17%, interface between anvil sheet and scion
Parenchyma cell proliferation, healing, need sufficient oxygen, easily interfere Healing when the content of oxygen is lower than 12% in air,
Under illumination condition, callus growth less and firmly, color depth, easily cause anvil, fringe disunion, create dark condition after grafting, have
Conducive to the growth of callus, promote grafting survival.
3. watching the grafting and breeding method of plum according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the oriental cherry grafts special use
Fertilizer consists of the following components: 35-40 kilograms of chicken manure, 40-45 kilograms of straw clast, 5-10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 5-10 thousand
Gram.
4. the grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum described in accordance with the claim 3, it is characterised in that: the oriental cherry grafts special use
Fertilizer consists of the following components: 35 kilograms of chicken manures, 45 kilograms of straw clasts, 10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potash fertilizer.
5. according to the special fertilizer of oriental cherry grafting described in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the straw clast is corn
Stalk clast.
6. the special fertilizer of oriental cherry grafting according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ornamental plum is beauty plum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469297.6A CN109479543A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469297.6A CN109479543A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109479543A true CN109479543A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
Family
ID=65687584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469297.6A Pending CN109479543A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The grafting and breeding method of ornamental plum |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN109479543A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165259A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-05-19 | 盐城市绿洁生态农业科技有限公司 | Winter jujube quality-improving and efficiency-increasing cultivation method |
| CN111602528A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-01 | 栖霞德丰食品有限公司 | Grafting method suitable for plum blossom |
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| CN104737825A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-07-01 | 胡汉升 | High-stem wintersweet cultivation method |
| CN105660195A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 佛山铭乾科技有限公司 | Bougainvillea spectabilia willa grafting method |
| CN106588454A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2017-04-26 | 滁州市剑春园林园艺工程有限公司 | Planting method of prunus mume |
| CN107041241A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-15 | 和县赭洛山茶叶种植专业合作社 | A kind of weeping branch plum bud connects cultural method |
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2017
- 2017-12-29 CN CN201711469297.6A patent/CN109479543A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737825A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-07-01 | 胡汉升 | High-stem wintersweet cultivation method |
| CN105660195A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 佛山铭乾科技有限公司 | Bougainvillea spectabilia willa grafting method |
| CN106588454A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2017-04-26 | 滁州市剑春园林园艺工程有限公司 | Planting method of prunus mume |
| CN107041241A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-15 | 和县赭洛山茶叶种植专业合作社 | A kind of weeping branch plum bud connects cultural method |
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| 郝艳玲 等: "《农村生产生活知识百科》", 30 June 2014, 西南交通大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165259A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-05-19 | 盐城市绿洁生态农业科技有限公司 | Winter jujube quality-improving and efficiency-increasing cultivation method |
| CN111602528A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-01 | 栖霞德丰食品有限公司 | Grafting method suitable for plum blossom |
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Application publication date: 20190319 |