CN109447222B

CN109447222B - Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system

Info

Publication number: CN109447222B
Application number: CN201811277000.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓升; 陈英兰; 刘盾; 鲍景富
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2018-10-30
Filing date: 2018-10-30
Publication date: 2021-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-30
Also published as: CN109447222A

Abstract

The invention discloses a Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system, which comprises a human physical energy collecting device, a power management circuit, an energy storage unit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a Bluetooth module, wherein the human physical energy collecting device converts human physical energy into alternating current electric energy of more than 50V; the power management circuit receives alternating current electric energy of the human physical energy acquisition device, converts the alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and then performs voltage reduction treatment; the energy storage unit stores the direct current electric energy output by the power management circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes the direct current electric energy output by the energy storage unit into direct current electric energy less than or equal to 12V and outputs the direct current electric energy to the Bluetooth module; the Bluetooth module transmits signals in a broadcast mode in a power supply state of less than or equal to 12V and serves as an RFID label signal source. The invention provides for the first time that the human body can be applied to an active RFID tag based on Bluetooth through an energy acquisition device.

Description

Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of active RFID (radio frequency identification) tags, in particular to a self-powered active RFID tag system based on Bluetooth.

Background

The RFID technology is an RFID technology for short, and realizes non-contact automatic identification of a target object and acquisition of related data through transmission and reception of radio frequency signals.

The radio frequency identification technology has been started from the nineties, and nowadays, the RFID technology has a deep application potential in various fields such as industrial production, retail, logistics management, transportation and the like, and gradually becomes a powerful tool for enterprises to optimize the management level of a logistics supply chain, effectively throttle, perform information networking of companies and improve enterprise benefits. With the cross fusion of various technologies, in the face of more complex practical application environments, the development of RFID readers and tags in a multi-functionalization direction is driven, for example, the combination of the RFID technology and various sensors can realize applications such as environmental monitoring and health monitoring.

The basic RFID system consists of an RFID reader-writer, an RFID label and a control terminal.

The power supply mode of the RFID tag can be divided into three types, namely a passive tag, a semi-passive tag and an active tag. The passive electronic tag is characterized in that no battery is arranged in the tag, the working energy of the passive electronic tag is provided by an electromagnetic field emitted by a reader, the identification distance of the passive electronic tag is usually short, and the emission power of the reader is required to be large.

The energy required by the traditional active RFID label during working is completely provided by the battery in the label, the battery needs to be charged at regular time or replaced, so that the use cost rises sharply, but the active electronic label can actively send a signal with a certain frequency to a reader-writer, the identification distance is usually longer, the working reliability is higher, and the active RFID label is more suitable for developing towards the direction of a multifunctional RFID label. Compared with a passive RFID tag, the active RFID tag has the irreplaceable advantages, the application field is wide, the total production amount is increased year by year, so that the production consumption of the battery is also increased rapidly, a large amount of energy is consumed, and the problem of environmental pollution is aggravated by battery waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-powered active RFID tag system based on Bluetooth.

The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a self-powered active RFID tag system based on Bluetooth comprises a human body energy collecting device, a power management circuit, an energy storage unit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a Bluetooth module,

the human physical energy acquisition device obtains alternating current electric energy greater than or equal to 50V;

the power management circuit receives alternating current electric energy of the human physical energy acquisition device, converts the alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and then performs voltage reduction treatment;

the energy storage unit stores the direct current electric energy output by the power management circuit;

the voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes the direct current electric energy output by the energy storage unit into direct current electric energy less than or equal to 12V and outputs the direct current electric energy to the Bluetooth module;

the Bluetooth module transmits signals in a broadcast mode in a power supply state of less than or equal to 12V and serves as an RFID label signal source.

In the prior art, there are many sources of energy harvesting for powering devices, such as: solar energy, wind energy, vibrational energy, human physical energy, and electromagnetic energy. For active RFID tags, the conventional power supply mode is battery power supply, and the defects of battery power supply are described in the background art, which is not described herein again. The human physical ability collection is a process of converting mechanical energy generated by human motion and heat energy emitted by body temperature into electric energy. The human body energy is an important energy source for the energy collection technology, and has the advantages of low price, no influence of climate change, inexhaustibility, no pollution and the like. The conventional human physical energy collecting device comprises an electromagnetic human physical energy collector, a piezoelectric human physical energy collector, an electrostatic induction type (including friction type) human physical energy collector, an electromagnetic-friction combined type human physical energy collector, a piezoelectric-friction combined type human physical energy collector and the like. The electric signals generated by the human body energy collector generally cannot directly supply energy to electronic devices needing stable working voltage, and the electric signals output by various energy collecting devices have characteristics and defects respectively, so that the rear-end power management voltage stabilizing circuit is difficult to realize. Generally, the output electric energy of the human body energy acquisition device is extremely limited, the rear-end power management voltage stabilizing circuit also needs to consume electric energy for keeping a normal working state, and an active RFID tag which needs to stabilize a low working voltage radio frequency emission source generally needs larger radiation power and larger energy consumption, so that the conventional human body energy acquisition device is not matched with the active RFID tag generally. In the invention, a human body energy acquisition device is firstly utilized to obtain high-voltage current, AC-to-DC processing is carried out under the action of a power management circuit, and multi-stage voltage reduction processing is simultaneously carried out to reduce the voltage of hundreds of volts to dozens of volts, the invention is suitable for the human body energy acquisition device with high voltage output, a power management circuit with multi-stage voltage reduction processing capability is adopted, the final voltage reduction of the human body energy acquisition device can be lower than 20V through the voltage reduction of different stages, the power supply can not use an active RFID label based on Bluetooth, an energy storage unit is adopted for storage, a capacitor is used as the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit can play a buffering role and then is released slowly in one direction, a voltage stabilizing circuit with ultra-low quiescent current is adopted to carry out voltage conversion into the range capable of being used by the RFID label, two voltage stabilizing designs are used in the invention, the first part is capacitor voltage regulation, and the second part is chip voltage regulation. Through the conversion, the human body energy collecting device can be combined with the RFID tag, and meanwhile, the RFID tag adopts the Bluetooth module, and the specific mode of the Bluetooth module is used as the RFID tag, so that the working voltage of the Bluetooth module is stable and generally lower, and the Bluetooth module can be used under the combined action of the previous parts. The human body energy acquisition device converts human body energy into electric energy by using an energy acquisition technology, and is the only energy source of the active RFID tag. Furthermore, the power management circuit is connected with the human physical energy acquisition device and the energy storage capacitor, and the power management circuit is a circuit which can perform rectification or impedance matching and other processing on the electric signals output by the human physical energy acquisition device, and arranges the electric signals output by the human physical energy acquisition device into electric signals suitable for being stored by the energy storage capacitor and outputting the electric signals. Furthermore, the energy storage capacitor is connected with the power management circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is used for storing the unidirectional current output by the power management circuit and providing electric energy for the back-end circuit. Furthermore, the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the energy storage capacitor and the Bluetooth module, and the voltage stabilizing circuit provides stable working voltage for the Bluetooth module by using the electric quantity stored in the energy storage capacitor. Furthermore, the Bluetooth module adopts BLE 4.0 protocol to connect with the intelligent terminal. Furthermore, the MCU processor of the Bluetooth module can generate a Bluetooth data packet, the ID information in the RFID tag or the data collected by various sensors from the surrounding environment are coded according to the Bluetooth protocol, and then the Bluetooth data packet is transmitted out through the radio frequency transceiver. Furthermore, the intelligent terminal in wireless communication with the Bluetooth module can calculate the distance between the intelligent terminal and the RFID tag of the invention by reading the RSSI value, and can perform relatively accurate indoor positioning on the RFID tag of the invention by some intelligent algorithms.

In the conventional technology, for the voltage reduction treatment of voltage, a capacitor is adopted for voltage reduction, but the voltage reduction part of the invention is adjacent to a rectifier bridge, the charging and discharging are generally controlled by utilizing the up-and-down movement in the process of the human physical energy acquisition device in the conventional technology, namely, a single-pole or double-pole current steering switch is arranged in front of and behind the voltage reduction capacitor, the switch is synchronously controlled by utilizing the up-and-down action of the human physical energy acquisition device, the arrangement depends on a friction power generation type human physical energy acquisition device in the longitudinal direction, and the friction power generation type human physical energy acquisition device in the longitudinal direction has the structure that: the friction structure is arranged above, and the mechanical switch is arranged below the structure and is linked with the friction structure, so the structure can lead the application range to be limited in the friction power generation technology of the up-and-down motion contact in the longitudinal direction, and the arrangement is that the mechanical switch is switched synchronously with the up-and-down motion of the friction power generation, and the arrangement is also required. In order to provide the step-down circuit with more robust characteristics. The invention provides a circuit adopting a diode to control the path switching during charging and discharging so as to achieve the effect of switching, but the circuit does not need to rely on external action and can automatically switch the charging and discharging states along with the output change of a rectifier. Therefore, the method can be suitable for both the longitudinal friction power generation technology and the horizontal friction power generation technology. In the conventional mechanical switch, the trigger for switching the direction is longitudinal, so that the friction power generation in the horizontal direction cannot be adopted, and the application range of the conventional mechanical switch is limited. The specific situation of the proportional voltage reduction circuit composed of the diodes is as follows: the power management circuit comprises a rectifier bridge connected with the output end of the human body physical energy acquisition device and an equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit connected with the output end of the rectifier bridge, wherein the equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit comprises a primary voltage reduction unit and at least 1 secondary voltage reduction unit, the secondary voltage reduction unit comprises a forward conduction diode and a voltage reduction capacitor which are connected in series, the forward conduction diode and the voltage reduction capacitor form a voltage reduction group, and the voltage reduction groups of adjacent secondary voltage reduction units are connected in series; in the voltage reduction group, the anode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a superior discharge diode with the anode grounded, and the cathode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a current-stage discharge diode with the cathode connected with the anode of the rectifier bridge; the first-stage voltage reduction unit is a first-stage capacitor with one end connected with the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the first-stage capacitor is connected with the anode of a forward conducting diode in the voltage reduction group of the adjacent secondary voltage reduction unit in series. In order to clarify the principle, the invention takes three-level isometric voltage reduction as an example, when the three-level isometric voltage reduction is taken as an example, the isometric voltage reduction circuit is provided with a first-level voltage reduction unit and 2 second-level voltage reduction units, wherein, during charging, the anode of a rectifier bridge, a first-level capacitor of the first-level voltage reduction unit and a series-connected voltage reduction group form a series circuit, the series circuit is provided with three capacitors in total for charging so as to achieve the purpose of gradual voltage reduction, during discharging, because a voltage reduction group is provided with a superior discharge diode and a current discharge diode, the first-level capacitor and the superior discharge diode of the first-level voltage reduction group form a return circuit for discharging, the current discharge diode of the first-level voltage reduction group, the voltage reduction capacitor of the first-level voltage reduction group and the superior discharge diode of the second-level voltage reduction group form a return circuit for discharging, and simultaneously, the current discharge diode of the current reduction circuit and the voltage reduction capacitor of the second, it can be seen that the above circuit of the present invention is charged in series and discharged in parallel synchronously.

Further, in the conventional human body physical energy collecting device, it is a conventional practice to provide an energy charging bracket, and then a friction contact structure is provided inside the energy charging bracket, and in the conventional structure, because the energy charging bracket needs to return, a coil spring is provided between upper and lower bracket plates, and for the coil spring, the compression amount has a limit, and at the limit, zero clearance cannot be formed between 2 upper and lower bracket plates, so in order to solve the problem, it is a conventional practice to lift the central region of one of the bracket plates to form a step, so that even if the spring does not reach the limit, the 2 bracket plates can be in a contact state. The whole volume is increased by the method, and the application range of the energy collecting device for the physical ability of the human body is greatly reduced. In order to form a miniaturized design, the invention adopts a hollow-out arrangement, which specifically comprises the following steps: the human body energy collecting device comprises an energy charging support which is composed of an upper carrier plate and a lower carrier plate which are arranged in parallel, and a friction energy charger or/and an electromagnetic energy charger are formed on the energy charging support, wherein an upper supporting part is integrally formed by horizontally extending the periphery of the upper carrier plate, and a lower supporting part is integrally formed by horizontally extending the periphery of the lower carrier plate; an upper hollow part is formed between the periphery of the upper carrier plate and the upper supporting part or/and a lower hollow part is formed between the periphery of the lower carrier plate and the lower supporting part. In the invention, the part between the carrier plate and the supporting part is designed to be hollow out, so that the part has mechanical elasticity, therefore, the carrier plate loaded with the power generation component can form sinking action under the action of external force and then automatically recover, so that a spring can be cancelled, or zero-gap contact can be kept when the carrier plate is supported by the spring, at the moment, the part of the carrier plate can form a step structure similar to that of the traditional technology, the carrier plate can form a recess or a bulge relative to the supporting part, and then the carrier plate and the supporting part are in the same plane after recovering the original shape under the elasticity of the hollow part. The invention has a hollow part, which can make the carrier plate move longitudinally relative to the support part, so the carrier plate can freely change position to contact, thus the carrier plate does not need to be thickened, the whole structure can be thinned, the whole structure can have very small thickness, if the invention does not adopt a spring design, the gap thickness of 1-3mm can be achieved, and the thickness of the carrier plate is not more than 5mm, and the gap thickness refers to the gap when the carrier plate and the support part are in the same plane. The traditional structure has the step design, the carrier plate is thick, and the whole structure needs 3cm due to the limitation of factors such as margin control of the spring. It can be seen that the volume of the whole structure can be effectively reduced by the hollow bridging design between the carrier plate and the supporting part.

Preferably, the friction energy charger comprises an upper electrode plate, a lower electrode plate and a PDMS coating, the upper substrate plate is the upper electrode plate, the lower substrate plate is the lower electrode plate, and when the PDMS coating is arranged on the lower surface of the upper electrode plate, the PDMS coating is not arranged on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate; when the upper surface of the lower electrode plate is provided with the PDMS coating, the lower surface of the upper electrode plate is not provided with PDMS; the upper support part is an upper electrode plate support part formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of an upper electrode plate, and the lower support part is a lower electrode plate support part formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of a lower electrode plate; the upper hollow part is formed between the periphery of the upper electrode plate and the upper electrode plate supporting part, and the lower hollow part is formed between the periphery of the lower electrode plate and the lower electrode plate supporting part.

Preferably, a support device is arranged between the upper support part and the lower support part.

Preferably, the supporting device is a spring, a soft cushion block or a rigid cushion block, when the supporting device is a spring, a gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and a value of P is controlled as follows: p is more than 0mm within the range of more than or equal to 10 mm; when the supporting device is a soft cushion block or a rigid cushion block, the gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: 3mm is more than or equal to the range of P more than 0 mm.

Preferably, the upper surface of the upper carrier plate is provided with an upper insulating plate, the lower surface of the lower carrier plate is provided with a lower insulating plate, the electromagnetic energy charger comprises a metal coil and a permanent magnet, and when the metal coil is arranged on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate, the permanent magnet is arranged on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate; when the upper surface of the upper insulating plate is provided with the permanent magnet, the lower surface of the lower insulating plate is provided with the metal coil.

Preferably, the gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: 10mm is more than or equal to the range of P more than 0 mm.

Preferably, the upper hollowed-out part or/and the lower hollowed-out part is a T-shaped structural body, long sides of the transverse part of the T-shaped structural body are integrally connected along edges of the corresponding carrier plate and are provided with hollowed-out holes, and the longitudinal part of the T-shaped structural body is bridged between the transverse part and the corresponding supporting part.

The energy collecting device can also combine an electromagnetic energy collector and a friction type energy collector to form a composite structure, wherein the electromagnetic energy collector mainly comprises a metal coil and a permanent magnet and generates induced voltage through the change of a magnetic field; the friction type energy collector generally comprises a pair of electrodes and two friction layers made of different materials, wherein an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate in the collecting device are copper plates, namely the friction layers are also electrodes, the friction layers are easy to remove electrons, and PDMS is used as the other friction layer to easily obtain electrons.

When external mechanical force acts on the energy collector, the spring is compressed, the permanent magnet is close to the metal coil, the magnetic flux passing through the metal coil is increased, induced electromotive force can be generated in the metal coil at the moment, the metal coil is a conductor with certain resistance, current is generated in the metal coil under the action of the induced electromotive force, and the induced current generated in the coil tends to counteract the increase of the magnetic flux according to Lenz's law; when the external mechanical force no longer acts on the energy harvester, the spring relaxes, the permanent magnet moves away from the metal coil, the magnetic flux through the metal coil decreases, and the induced current generated in the coil tends to counteract the decrease in magnetic flux. When the permanent magnet and the metal coil are periodically moved relatively by external mechanical force, a periodic alternating current is induced in the metal coil.

Because the fretwork has better mechanical elasticity, and the fretwork makes the position of last electrode plate, lower electrode plate change, when two friction layer contact, because the triboelectrification effect can produce the different kind of electric charge of equivalent in two kinds of friction material surfaces, and electric charge can exist in the friction material surface comparatively steadily. When the spring is relaxed, the net charge on the surface of the two friction layers will induce an opposite charge on the corresponding electrodes as they separate, thereby causing charge to flow between the electrodes. When the two friction layers are driven by external mechanical force to generate periodic contact separation, the electric charges can generate reciprocating flow between the electrodes due to electrostatic induction, so that the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy. Obviously, the composite energy acquisition device has higher output power and higher mechanical-electrical conversion efficiency.

Preferably, the bluetooth module is an ATSAMB11 bluetooth chip, and when the ATSAMB11 bluetooth chip is powered by a 3.3V power supply and performs broadcast radio frequency signal transmission at intervals of 1s, the average working current of the bluetooth chip is as low as 13.65 uA; the energy storage unit is formed by connecting a plurality of voltage-resistant electrolytic capacitors in parallel or a single super capacitor is selected; the voltage stabilizing circuit is a linear voltage stabilizing chip and has the characteristic that the static working current is as low as uA level.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the invention provides for the first time that the human body can be applied to an active RFID tag based on Bluetooth through an energy acquisition device. The tag keeps the advantages of long identification distance, high working reliability and the like of the traditional active RFID tag, overcomes the defects of explosive danger, need of regular replacement and the like of a built-in battery in the traditional active RFID tag, can effectively reduce the consumption of earth energy, and relieves the pollution of waste batteries to the environment. The invention supplies power to the RFID system through the human body physical ability collection device, is self-taking and self-using, can be directly used as a human body portable active RFID label to realize the functions of personnel identification, personnel positioning and the like, can also expand a sensor to realize health monitoring and the like based on RFID, has wide application prospect, can expand the form of a power generation source corresponding to the system from the traditional longitudinally movable power generation to other arbitrary forms such as horizontal movement friction power generation and the like through circuit design, can lead a plate body which is used as an electrode to be used as a support part through hollow design, can generate displacement on the basis of solving the problem that the structure reduces framework parts (no extra support is needed, the electrode is used as a support frame), and can also reduce the possibility that the electrode plate can complete friction contact under the condition of low thickness.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the human physical energy harvesting device.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the human body energy harvesting device supported by springs.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the human body energy harvesting device using a pad.

Fig. 5 is a top view of a human body energy harvesting device.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the human physical energy harvesting device.

Fig. 7 is a received bluetooth radio frequency parameter of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the charge and discharge of a three-stage buck.

The reference numerals in the figures are expressed as: a1, a human physical energy collecting device; a2, power management circuit; a21, a rectifier bridge; a22, an equal ratio voltage reduction circuit; a221, an equal ratio pressure drop unit; a222, a primary voltage reduction unit; a3, an energy storage unit; a4, voltage stabilizing circuit; a5, Bluetooth module; 1. a metal coil; 2. an upper insulating plate; 31. an upper electrode plate; 32. an upper electrode plate hollow part; 33. an upper electrode plate support portion; 4. a spring; 5. a PDMS coating; 61. a lower electrode plate; 62. a hollow-out part of the lower electrode plate; 63. a lower electrode plate support; 7. a lower insulating plate; 8. a permanent magnet; 9. a soft cushion block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1:

a self-powered active RFID tag system based on Bluetooth comprises a human body energy acquisition device A1, a power management circuit A2, an energy storage unit A3, a voltage stabilizing circuit A4 and a Bluetooth module A5,

the human physical energy acquisition device A1 obtains an alternating current of more than or equal to 50V;

the power supply management circuit A2 receives alternating current electric energy of the human physical energy acquisition device A1, converts the alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and then carries out voltage reduction treatment;

the energy storage unit A3 stores the direct current electric energy output by the power management circuit A2;

the voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes the direct current electric energy output by the energy storage unit A3 into direct current electric energy less than or equal to 12V and outputs the direct current electric energy to the Bluetooth module;

In the conventional technology, for the voltage reduction treatment of voltage, a capacitor is adopted for voltage reduction, but the voltage reduction part of the invention is adjacent to a rectifier bridge, the charging and discharging are generally controlled by utilizing the up-and-down movement in the process of the human physical energy acquisition device in the conventional technology, namely, a single-pole or double-pole current steering switch is arranged in front of and behind the voltage reduction capacitor, the switch is synchronously controlled by utilizing the up-and-down action of the human physical energy acquisition device, the arrangement depends on a friction power generation type human physical energy acquisition device in the longitudinal direction, and the friction power generation type human physical energy acquisition device in the longitudinal direction has the structure that: the friction structure is arranged above, and the mechanical switch is arranged below the structure and is linked with the friction structure, so that the mechanical switch is switched synchronously with the up-and-down movement of the friction power generation, and the arrangement is also required. Therefore, the structure can limit the application range to the friction power generation technology of up-and-down motion contact in the longitudinal direction, and in order to enable the voltage reduction circuit to have stronger application characteristics, the invention is provided with a circuit adopting a diode to control the path switching during charging and discharging so as to achieve the effect of switching. Therefore, the method can be suitable for both the longitudinal friction power generation technology and the horizontal friction power generation technology. In the conventional mechanical switch, the trigger for switching the direction is longitudinal, so that the friction power generation in the horizontal direction cannot be adopted, and the application range of the conventional mechanical switch is limited. The specific situation of the proportional voltage reduction circuit A22 formed by the diodes of the invention is as follows: the power supply management circuit A2 comprises a rectifier bridge A21 connected with the output end of the human body physical energy collecting device A1 and an equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit A22 connected with the output end of the rectifier bridge A21, wherein the equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit A22 comprises a primary voltage reduction unit A222 and at least 1 secondary voltage reduction unit A221, the secondary voltage reduction unit comprises a forward conducting diode and a voltage reduction capacitor which are connected in series, the forward conducting diode and the voltage reduction capacitor form a voltage reduction group, and the voltage reduction groups of the adjacent secondary voltage reduction units A221 are connected in series; in the voltage reduction group, the anode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a superior discharge diode with the anode grounded, and the cathode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a current-stage discharge diode with the cathode connected with the anode of a rectifier bridge A21; the first-stage voltage dropping unit a222 is a first-stage capacitor having one end connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge a21, and the first-stage capacitor is connected in series with the anode of the forward conducting diode in the voltage dropping group of the adjacent secondary voltage dropping unit a 221. For the sake of clarity of the above principle, the present invention takes three-level isometric voltage reduction as an example, as shown in fig. 8, when three-level isometric voltage reduction is taken as an example, the isometric voltage reduction circuit a22 has a first-level voltage reduction unit a222 and 2 second-level voltage reduction units a221, wherein, during charging, the anode of the rectifier bridge a21, the first-level capacitor of the first-level voltage reduction unit a222, and the serially connected voltage reduction groups form a serial circuit, and the serial circuit has three capacitors in total for charging, so as to achieve the purpose of gradual voltage reduction, during discharging, because there are an upper-level discharge diode and a current-level discharge diode in one voltage reduction group, the first-level capacitor and the upper-level discharge diode of the first-level voltage reduction group form a return path for discharging, and the current-level discharge diode, the current-level discharge diode of the first-level voltage reduction group, the current-level discharge diode, the voltage reduction capacitor of, the present discharge diode of the second step-down group and the step-down capacitor of the second step-down group form a backflow path for discharging, and it can be seen that the circuit of the present invention is charged in series during charging and is discharged in parallel during discharging.

Specifically, the proportional buck circuit in the embodiment of the present invention has ten stages, and a221 shown in fig. 1 is a secondary buck unit, so the proportional buck circuit in the power management circuit in the embodiment of the present invention needs nine secondary buck units and an additional capacitor connected in series (a primary buck unit a 222).

Preferably, the bluetooth module a5 is an ATSAMB11 bluetooth chip, the ATSAMB11 bluetooth chip performs broadcast radio frequency signal transmission with an interval time of 1s after obtaining a 3.3V power supply, the series of bluetooth chips are internally provided with a 2.4GHz radio frequency front end and an ARM Cortex-M032-bit processor, the peripheral resources are rich, the current RFID tag mostly transmits signals with a frequency of at least one packet per second, the ATSAMB11 is an ultra-low power consumption bluetooth chip, when 3.3V power supply is adopted, the bluetooth is in a broadcast mode, and the broadcast interval time is 1s, the average advertising current is as low as 13.65 uA; the energy storage unit is formed by connecting a plurality of withstand voltage electrolytic capacitors in parallel, and particularly, as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage capacitor is formed by connecting six withstand voltage electrolytic capacitors with 35V capacitance value of 2200uF in parallel; the voltage stabilizing circuit a4 is a linear voltage stabilizing chip, which has a characteristic that the quiescent operating current is as low as uA, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the TPS70933 voltage stabilizing circuit adopts a TPS70933 chip, which is a linear voltage stabilizing chip having an extremely low quiescent current as low as 1 uA.

As shown in fig. 7, in the self-powered active RFID tag based on bluetooth of the present invention, in a specific implementation, a receiving result of the intelligent terminal is shown in fig. 7. Through actual measurement, the bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag according to the embodiment of the present invention can normally operate under the condition of being powered only by the electromagnetic-friction combined human mechanical energy collecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the identification distance is greater than 10 meters.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2-6:

the human body energy acquisition device in the embodiment adopts a friction type power generation device or an electromagnetic type power generation device formulated in the embodiment or a structure compounded by the structure.

In fig. 2, the present invention is a composite structure of electromagnetic and friction power generation.

In a traditional human body energy collecting device, a conventional method is to arrange an energy charging support, and then a friction contact structure is arranged in the energy charging support, and in the conventional structure, because the energy charging support needs to return, a coil spring is arranged between upper and lower support plates, and for the coil spring, the compression amount has a limit, and at the limit, 2 upper and lower support plates cannot form a zero gap, so that in order to solve the problem, the conventional method is to lift the central area of one support plate to form a step, so that even if the spring does not reach the limit, the 2 support plates can be in a contact state. The whole volume is increased by the method, and the application range of the energy collecting device for the physical ability of the human body is greatly reduced. In order to form a miniaturized design, the invention adopts a hollow-out arrangement, which specifically comprises the following steps: the human body energy harvesting device comprises an upper carrier plate and a lower carrier plate which are arranged in parallel to form an energy charging support, a friction energy charger or/and an electromagnetic energy charger is formed on the energy charging support, an upper supporting part is integrally formed by horizontally extending the periphery of the upper carrier plate, and a lower supporting part is integrally formed by horizontally extending the periphery of the lower carrier plate. In the invention, the part between the carrier plate and the supporting part is designed to be hollow out, so that the part has mechanical elasticity, therefore, the carrier plate loaded with the power generation component can form sinking action under the action of external force and then automatically recover, so that a spring can be cancelled, or zero-gap contact can be kept when the carrier plate is supported by the spring, at the moment, the part of the carrier plate can form a step structure similar to that of the traditional technology, the carrier plate can form a recess or a bulge relative to the supporting part, and then the carrier plate and the supporting part are in the same plane after recovering the original shape under the elasticity of the hollow part. The invention has a hollow part, which can make the carrier plate move longitudinally relative to the support part, so the carrier plate can freely change position to contact, thus the carrier plate does not need to be thickened, the whole structure can be thinned, the whole structure can have very small thickness, if the invention does not adopt a spring design, the gap thickness of 1-3mm can be achieved, and the thickness of the carrier plate is not more than 5mm, and the gap thickness refers to the gap when the carrier plate and the support part are in the same plane. The traditional structure has the step design, the carrier plate is thick, and the whole structure needs 3cm due to the limitation of factors such as margin control of the spring. It can be seen that the volume of the whole structure can be effectively reduced by the hollow bridging design between the carrier plate and the supporting part.

The above-mentioned content, only improve on the technological basis of friction electricity generation or electromagnetism electricity generation many carriers part for the structure thickness diminishes.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 2-6:

on the basis of the second embodiment, for the independent friction power generation technology, the friction energy charger includes the upper electrode plate 31, the lower electrode plate 61 and the PDMS coating 5, the upper substrate plate is the upper electrode plate 31, the lower substrate plate is the lower electrode plate 61, and when the PDMS coating 5 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 31, the PDMS coating 5 is not disposed on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 61; when the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 61 is provided with the PDMS coating 5, the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 31 is not provided with PDMS; wherein, the upper support part is an upper electrode plate support part 33 formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of the upper electrode plate 31, and the lower support part is a lower electrode plate support part 63 formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of the lower electrode plate 61; the upper hollow portion is formed by an upper electrode plate hollow portion 32 between the periphery of the upper electrode plate 31 and the upper electrode plate support portion 33, and the lower hollow portion is formed by a lower electrode plate hollow portion 62 between the periphery of the lower electrode plate 61 and the lower electrode plate support portion 63.

Preferably, the supporting device is a spring 4, a soft cushion block 9 or a rigid cushion block, when the supporting device is the spring 4, a gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and a value of P is controlled as follows: p is more than 0mm within the range of more than or equal to 10 mm; when the supporting device is a soft cushion block 9 or a rigid cushion block, the gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: 3mm is more than or equal to the range of P more than 0 mm.

Example four

As shown in fig. 2-6:

in addition to the second embodiment, for the independent electromagnetic power generation technology, it is preferable that the upper insulating plate 2 is provided on the upper surface of the upper carrier plate, the lower insulating plate 7 is provided on the lower surface of the lower carrier plate, the electromagnetic charger includes the metal coil 1 and the permanent magnet 9, and when the metal coil 1 is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate 2, the permanent magnet 9 is provided on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate 7; when the permanent magnet 9 is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate 2, the metal coil 1 is provided on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate 7.

The human physical ability collection device is an energy collector based on the electromagnetic induction and friction electrification composite principle, mainly collects mechanical energy generated in the human walking process, and is installed in a human insole.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered active RFID tag system based on Bluetooth is characterized by comprising a human body energy collecting device (A1), a power management circuit (A2), an energy storage unit (A3), a voltage stabilizing circuit (A4) and a Bluetooth module (A5),

the human physical energy acquisition device (A1) obtains alternating current electric energy which is greater than or equal to 50V;

the power supply management circuit (A2) receives alternating current electric energy of the human body physical energy acquisition device (A1), converts the alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and then carries out voltage reduction treatment;

the energy storage unit (A3) stores the direct current electric energy output by the power management circuit (A2);

the voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes the direct current electric energy output by the energy storage unit (A3) into direct current electric energy less than or equal to 12V and outputs the direct current electric energy to the Bluetooth module;

2. The Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system according to claim 1, wherein the power management circuit (A2) comprises a rectifier bridge (A21) connected with the output end of the human body energy harvesting device (A1), and an equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit (A22) connected with the output end of the rectifier bridge (A21), wherein the equal-ratio voltage reduction circuit (A22) comprises a primary voltage reduction unit (A222) and at least 1 secondary voltage reduction unit (A221), wherein the secondary voltage reduction unit comprises a forward conducting diode, a voltage reduction capacitor, a forward conducting diode and a voltage reduction capacitor which are connected in series to form a voltage reduction group, and the voltage reduction groups of adjacent secondary voltage reduction units (A221) are connected in series; in the voltage reduction group, the anode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a superior discharge diode with the anode grounded, and the cathode of the forward conducting diode is connected with a current-stage discharge diode with the cathode connected with the anode of a rectifier bridge (A21); the primary voltage reduction unit (A222) is a primary capacitor with one end connected with the anode of the rectifier bridge (A21), and the primary capacitor is connected with the anode of a forward conducting diode in the voltage reduction group of the adjacent secondary voltage reduction unit (A221) in series.

3. The Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system of claim 1, wherein the human body energy collecting device comprises an upper carrier plate and a lower carrier plate which are arranged in parallel to form an energy charging bracket, and a friction energy charger or/and an electromagnetic energy charger is formed on the energy charging bracket, wherein the upper carrier plate is horizontally extended and integrally formed with an upper supporting part, and the lower carrier plate is horizontally extended and integrally formed with a lower supporting part; an upper hollow part is formed between the periphery of the upper carrier plate and the upper supporting part or/and a lower hollow part is formed between the periphery of the lower carrier plate and the lower supporting part.

4. A bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system according to claim 3, wherein the friction charger comprises an upper electrode plate (31), a lower electrode plate (61), and a PDMS coating (5), the upper substrate plate is the upper electrode plate (31), the lower substrate plate is the lower electrode plate (61), and when the PDMS coating (5) is disposed on the lower surface of the upper electrode plate (31), the PDMS coating (5) is not disposed on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate (61); when the upper surface of the lower electrode plate (61) is provided with the PDMS coating (5), the lower surface of the upper electrode plate (31) is not provided with PDMS; the upper support part is an upper electrode plate support part (33) formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of an upper electrode plate (31), and the lower support part is a lower electrode plate support part (63) formed by horizontally extending and integrating the periphery of a lower electrode plate (61); the upper hollowed-out part is formed by an upper electrode plate hollowed-out part (32) between the periphery of the upper electrode plate (31) and the upper electrode plate supporting part (33), and the lower hollowed-out part is formed by a lower electrode plate hollowed-out part (62) between the periphery of the lower electrode plate (61) and the lower electrode plate supporting part (63).

5. A bluetooth-based self-energizing active RFID tag system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a support means is provided between the upper support and the lower support.

6. The Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system according to claim 5, wherein the supporting device is a spring (4) or a soft cushion block (9) or a rigid cushion block, when the supporting device is a spring (4), the gap between the upper and lower carrier plates is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: p is more than 0mm within the range of more than or equal to 10 mm; when the supporting device is a soft cushion block (9) or a rigid cushion block, the gap between the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: 3mm is more than or equal to the range of P more than 0 mm.

7. A Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the upper surface of the upper carrier board is provided with an upper insulating board (2), the lower surface of the lower carrier board is provided with a lower insulating board (7), the electromagnetic charger comprises a metal coil (1) and a permanent magnet (9), and when the metal coil (1) is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating board (2), the permanent magnet (9) is provided on the lower surface of the lower insulating board (7); when the permanent magnet (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate (2), the metal coil (1) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate (7).

8. A Bluetooth-based self-powered active RFID tag system according to any of claims 3-5, wherein the gap between the upper and lower body boards is P, and the value of P is controlled as follows: 10mm is more than or equal to the range of P more than 0 mm.

9. A Bluetooth-based self-energizing active RFID tag system according to any of claims 3-6, wherein the upper hollowed-out portion or/and the lower hollowed-out portion is a T-shaped structure, the long sides of the transverse portions of the T-shaped structure are integrally connected along the edges of the corresponding carrier plate and are hollowed out, and the longitudinal portions of the T-shaped structure form a bridge between the transverse portions and the corresponding support portions.

10. A Bluetooth based self powered active RFID tag system according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the Bluetooth module (A5) is an ATSAMB11 Bluetooth chip, the ATSAMB11 Bluetooth chip is extremely low power consuming, and its average operating current is as low as 13.65uA when broadcast radio frequency signal transmission is performed at intervals of 1s under 3.3V power supply; the energy storage unit is formed by connecting a plurality of voltage-resistant electrolytic capacitors in parallel or a single super capacitor is selected; the voltage stabilizing circuit (A4) is a linear voltage stabilizing type chip and has the characteristic that the static working current is as low as uA level.