CN109436183B - Bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device - Google Patents

Bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device Download PDF

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CN109436183B
CN109436183B CN201811236985.2A CN201811236985A CN109436183B CN 109436183 B CN109436183 B CN 109436183B CN 201811236985 A CN201811236985 A CN 201811236985A CN 109436183 B CN109436183 B CN 109436183B
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bat
main wing
horizontal main
hydrofoil
upright post
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CN109436183A (en
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梁利华
苑佳
史洪宇
张松涛
赵朋
王经甫
吉明
宋吉广
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ship manufacturing and ship control device bionic wing deformation, in particular to a bat type T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device. The invention comprises a hydrofoil upright post part and a bat type horizontal main wing part, wherein the upper end of the hydrofoil upright post part is arranged at the bottom of a bow, and the lower end of the hydrofoil upright post part is vertically and fixedly connected with the bat type horizontal main wing part; the bat type horizontal main wing part is positioned under the vertical column part of the hydrofoil, and adopts a bat type bionic wing section; the invention can increase the structural characteristics of the hydrofoil, ensure the effective lift generated by the main wing surface of the ship when the ship sails at high speed under severe sea conditions, enhance the stabilizing force and moment for stabilizing the longitudinal motion of the ship, control the longitudinal motion attitude of the ship and improve the comfort and safety of personnel and equipment on the ship.

Description

Bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship manufacturing and ship control device bionic wing deformation, in particular to a bat type T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device.
Background
The longitudinal movement of a high-speed ship can cause serious safety problems for the ship navigation, such as surging on the deck, sinking of the bow, loss of goods, equipment failure and the like. And the vertical acceleration generated by the longitudinal motion of the ship brings the discomfort of seasickness to the human body, and seriously influences the health comfort of the human body, the working efficiency of workers and the like, so that the problem is solved and the method is an important research direction in the field of ship manufacturing and bionic wing-shaped deformation of ship control devices.
The most effective way is to install T-shaped hydrofoils at the bow. The T-shaped hydrofoil is a typical lifting hydrofoil, and one characteristic of the lifting hydrofoil is that the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrofoil need certain pressure difference, the difference is generated by changing the flow fields on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrofoil by changing the attack angle of the hydrofoil, and the lifting force of the hydrofoil is closely related to the area, the aspect ratio, the shape of a horizontal main airfoil surface and the like of the hydrofoil. In conclusion, the vertical attitude of the high-speed ship can be controlled by utilizing the lifting force generated by the T-shaped hydrofoil, and the safety and the comfort of the ship and passengers are guaranteed. However, in high speed vessels equipped with conventional T-foils, the lift generated by the foils is not sufficient to resist wave interference in special sea conditions.
In the longitudinal motion control of a double-hull wave-penetrating ship based on T-shaped hydrofoils imitating camel-back whales on the 35 th Chinese control conference proceedings published by Lihua, Yuanjia and Zuo Song et al, the T-shaped hydrofoil of the imitating humpback whale utilizes the shape of the front edge of the humpback whale like a sawtooth, thereby improving the self-lifting force in the ocean, under the technical background, the invention provides a bionic bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil, wherein the bat can effectively utilize aerodynamic force to effectively fly at high speed in the air due to the lift force generated by the bat with a special wing section structure, the aerodynamic force for researching bat flight and the ocean power applied by the ship belong to the fluid dynamics category, so that the wing section of the bionic bat wing is applied to the T-shaped hydrofoil, the lift force of the T-shaped hydrofoil is greatly improved, the wave resistance of a high-speed ship is better improved, and the comfort and the safety of passengers are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bat type T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device, which ensures the effective lift force generated by a main wing surface of a ship when the ship sails at high speed under severe sea conditions by using the structural characteristics of the high-lift hydrofoil, enhances the stabilizing force and moment for stabilizing the longitudinal motion of the ship, controls the longitudinal motion attitude of the ship, and improves the comfort and safety of personnel and equipment on the ship.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device comprises a hydrofoil upright post part and a bat type horizontal main wing part, wherein the upper end of the hydrofoil upright post part is arranged at the bottom of a ship bow, and the lower end of the hydrofoil upright post part is vertically and fixedly connected with the bat type horizontal main wing part; the bat type horizontal main wing part is positioned under the vertical column part of the hydrofoil, and the bat type horizontal main wing part adopts bat type bionic wing section.
Hydrofoil mast section comprising: the device comprises a vertical column 1, a driving device 3 and a vertical column tail end 11; the upper end of the upright post 1 is arranged at the bottom of a ship bow, the driving device 3 is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the upright post 1, the tail end 11 of the upright post is positioned at the bottom of the rear end of the upright post 1, and the tail end 11 of the upright post is not directly contacted with the bat type horizontal main wing part;
a batwing horizontal main wing portion, comprising: a bat-type horizontal main wing 2; the bat-type horizontal main wing 2 is positioned under the upright post 1, the lower end of the upright post 1 is vertically and fixedly connected with the bat-type horizontal main wing 2, meanwhile, the driving device 3 is also connected with the bat-type horizontal main wing 2, and the bat-type horizontal main wings 2 are symmetrically distributed by taking the central axis of the upright post 1 as a boundary line.
The upright post 1 adopts a NACA airfoil profile conforming to the fluid characteristics;
the tail end 11 of the upright post is tilted at an acute angle along the direction vertical to the chord length of the batwing type horizontal main wing part, and the tilted part of the tail end 11 of the upright post accounts for 1/5 of the length of the whole cross section of the upright post 1;
the bat type horizontal main wing 2 adopts NACA airfoil profile according with fluid characteristics, the front edge of the bat type horizontal main wing 2 is arc-shaped of the bat wing front edge, and the tail part of the bat type horizontal main wing 2 is blunt-shaped of the bat tail end;
the section airfoils on both sides of the bat-type horizontal main wing 2 and the central section airfoil of the bat-type horizontal main wing 2 are in a multiple relation;
an included angle formed by the central axis of the bat type horizontal main wing 2 and extension lines at any end of two sides of the bat type horizontal main wing 2 is an acute angle, and an angle of curvature of a concave curve at two ends of the bat type horizontal main wing 2 is an acute angle, an angle of curvature of a middle convex curve is an angle of curvature of a central concave curve is an angle of 4.
The main size parameters of the whole batwing T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device are determined according to the adaptability of different ships, and the optimal matching parameters of the batwing T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device are obtained according to the required lift value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a bat-type bionic structure, the streamline of the bat-type horizontal main wing is beneficial to increasing the lift force of the wing surface of the horizontal main wing, when the whole hydrofoil is buried in a water area, the upright post and the horizontal main wing can be fixedly connected together and arranged at the bottom of a bow to resist the wave interference, and a driving device can be arranged in the upright post, and the bat-type horizontal main wing only swings to ensure that the whole horizontal main wing surface generates different stabilizing force and moment to resist the wave interference due to different working angles;
2. the high lift problem of the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil is solved through the bat-type bionic structure, so that the stability and moment of the hydrofoil resisting the ship body interfered by sea waves are improved, the discomfort of passengers is reduced, the working environment of workers is improved, and the safety of the workers and equipment is guaranteed;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device for mounting a ship body;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a column airfoil of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a side view and bated horizontal main wing airfoil of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top plan and bated horizontal main wing airfoil annotation view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fluid vortex of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the results of hydrodynamic simulation of the present invention and a conventional T-shaped hydrofoil;
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device for mounting a ship body;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a column airfoil of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a side view and bated horizontal main wing airfoil of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top plan and bated horizontal main wing airfoil annotation view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fluid vortex of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the results of hydrodynamic simulation of the present invention and a conventional T-shaped hydrofoil.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in order to be able to accurately describe the components of the batwing T-type high-lift hydrofoil of the present invention, it is necessary to define the terms of art related thereto, as follows: the hydrofoil is a bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device related to the invention. The hydrofoil section perpendicular to the horizontal plane is called the mast section, and the section connected to the mast section by the drive means and perpendicular thereto is called the batwing horizontal main wing section. The length of the hydrofoil along the length direction of the ship is called chord length, and the length perpendicular to the chord length direction is the extension length of the hydrofoil.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper end of a vertical column 1 of the T-shaped hydrofoil is installed at the bottom of a bow, the vertical column 1 is vertically connected with a bat-type horizontal main wing 2, the two can be fixedly connected together at a certain swing angle, and can also be connected by a driving mechanism 3, and the swing attack angle of the bat-type horizontal main wing 2 can be controlled according to different telescopic lengths of the driving mechanism 3. The parameters of the specific size of each part are selected according to the adaptability to different ship types.
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic view of the present invention, which includes a vertical column 1, a horizontal main wing 2 and a driving device 3, wherein the horizontal main wing adopts a bat type bionic wing profile.
The section airfoils of the vertical column 1 and the horizontal main wing 2 of the invention adopt NACA airfoil conforming to fluid characteristics. The hatched portion in fig. 3 is a cross-sectional profile of the vertical column 1, and the hatched portions 21 and 22 in fig. 5 are a cross-sectional profile of the horizontal main wing 2 on both sides and a cross-sectional profile of the central wing, respectively, and are in a multiple relationship. As can be seen from the top view 3 and the front view 4, the horizontal main wings 2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides around the central axis of the vertical column 1.
In fig. 5, the bottom end 11 of the tail part of the upright post 1 is tilted at an acute angle along the direction vertical to the chord length, and the tilted part occupies about 1/5 of the whole section length. The design not only facilitates the swing control of the driving device 3 on the bat-type horizontal main wing 2, but also ensures that the flow field at the tail end of the bat-type horizontal main wing 2 is not interfered by the tail part 11 of the upright post 1.
Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the bat type wing profile of the present invention, and in fig. 6, an angle 1 is an included angle formed by a central axis of the bat type main wing surface 2 and extension lines at either side of the wing, and can be changed within an acute angle range of less than 90 degrees. Because the present invention is designed in a bionic bat shape, the wing profiles of the two sides and the central section of the shaded parts 21 and 22 in the figure 5 are in a certain multiple relation, so the wing profiles of the two sides are connected with the head end of the wing profile of the central part to form an arc shape of a bat wing leading edge. The tail end of the batwing horizontal main wing 2 is as follows: the bending angle ≦ 2 of the first concave curve 23 near both ends is approximately acute; the bending angle < 3 of the second convex curve 24 is approximately acute; the third concave curve 25 is close to the middle part of the horizontal main wing, and the bending angle < 4 is approximately an acute angle; the proportions of the curves 23, 24 and 25 in the entire horizontal main wing 2 in terms of the span length and the curve shape and angle in the vicinity of the central axis are not specifically defined.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of fluid vortices, wherein the batwing-shaped trailing edge is a blunt trailing body, so that when fluid flows through a blunt surface, the fluid forms a thin boundary layer on the blunt surface according to the fluid vortex principle, and vortices are generated at the blunt trailing body along the direction of fluid flow. And the theory of the boundary layer shows that when no hydrofoil exists in the fluid, the upper edge of the boundary layer at the bottom of the wave is a horizontal plane, but after the hydrofoil exists, the bottom streamline and the upper edge of the boundary layer are obviously changed to form a vortex area, the vortex in the area scours the surface of the blunt body, and the energy of the vortex comes from the gradient of the speed at the bottom of the wave. It can be seen that, for a bat-type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil with blunt aft bodies, where the angular velocity of the fluid micelles is not zero, the bat-type trailing edge will experience a separate flow, with vortices present, and the concave and convex portions thereof act like vortex generators. In conclusion, the bat type T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil is extruded by the concave-convex parts, so that the fluid speed is improved to some extent, and the lift force of the hydrofoil is directly enhanced.
The hydrodynamic characteristics, namely lift coefficient and drag coefficient, of the control hydrofoil are important parameters for measuring the effectiveness of the hydrofoil in controlling the attitude of the ship body, wherein the ratio of the lift coefficient to the drag coefficient (namely lift-drag ratio) is also an important index for measuring the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hydrofoil. Since the swing amplitude of the T-shaped hydrofoil is optimal within the range of 15 degrees, the maximum value of the attack angle in fig. 8 is 15 degrees, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the lift-drag ratio of the bat-type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil of the present invention is significantly greater than that of the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil, i.e., the lift provided by the bat-type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil is greater than that of the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil, and the drag is less than that of the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil, further showing that the present invention can better inhibit the longitudinal motion of the ship than the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil.
The height, the span-length ratio, the hydrofoil area and other parameters of the upright column and the horizontal main wing are determined according to the adaptability of different ships. The wing section of the batwing type horizontal main wing is deformed into the batwing type on the basis of the conventional T-shaped hydrofoil, the amplitude, the curvature and other parameters of a bending line of a concave-convex part at the tail edge of the batwing type T-shaped lift-increasing hydrofoil are closely related to the lift value of the hydrofoil, so that the design of the concave-convex part at the tail edge of the batwing type is mainly determined according to specific ship parameters, the sea wave interference force and the moment to be resisted are obtained according to the current sea condition and the current sailing speed of a high-speed ship, the stabilizing force and the moment required to be generated by the hydrofoil are calculated, and the optimal matching parameters of the batwing type T-shaped lift-increasing hydrofoil are obtained according to the required lift value.
In the bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil designed according to the invention, the upright post and the bat type horizontal main wing can be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bow, and can also be swung integrally or only the main wing surface swings by means of a driving device, and the modes can reduce the longitudinal movement of a high-speed ship and ensure the safety and comfort of passengers. The wing profile design of the batwing horizontal main wing aims to make the hydrofoil generate enough effective lift in water to restrain the longitudinal movement of the ship body.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that other embodiments of the invention are possible without departing from the broad scope of the invention as set forth in the claims and the following claims.
The upright post part is arranged at the bottom of the bow and is vertically connected with the bat-type horizontal main wing;
the bat type horizontal main wing part can be fixedly connected with the upright post part and can also be vertically connected with the upright post part through a driving device.
The tail part of the lower end of the upright post, namely the surface connected with the horizontal main wing, is tilted by a certain acute angle, so as to facilitate the swing control of the bat-type horizontal main wing.
The shapes of the sections at the two sides of the bat type horizontal main wing are in a multiple relation with the section wing profile in the middle of the bat type horizontal main wing, and the section wing profiles at the two sides of the bat type horizontal main wing are connected with the head end of the wing profile in the middle of the bat type horizontal main wing to form an arc line shape of the front edge of the bat wing. In addition, the blunt tail shape of the horizontal main wing is also the bat-type tail shape.
The invention adopts a bat-type bionic structure, and the flow line of the bat-type horizontal main wing is more beneficial to increasing the lift force of the wing surface of the horizontal main wing. When the whole hydrofoil is buried in a water area, the upright post and the horizontal main wing can be fixedly connected together and arranged at the bottom of the bow to resist sea wave interference, and a driving device is arranged in the upright post, and the mode of swinging only the bat type horizontal main wing is adopted, so that the whole horizontal main wing surface generates different stabilizing forces and moments to resist the sea wave interference due to different working angles.

Claims (1)

1. A bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device is characterized in that: the hydrofoil aircraft comprises a hydrofoil upright post part and a bat type horizontal main wing part, wherein the upper end of the hydrofoil upright post part is arranged at the bottom of a ship bow, and the lower end of the hydrofoil upright post part is vertically and fixedly connected with the bat type horizontal main wing part; the bat type horizontal main wing part is positioned under the vertical column part of the hydrofoil, and adopts a bat type bionic wing section;
hydrofoil mast section comprising: the device comprises a vertical column (1), a driving device (3) and a tail end (11) of the vertical column; the upper end of the upright post (1) is arranged at the bottom of the bow, the driving device (3) is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the upright post (1), the tail end (11) of the upright post is positioned at the bottom of the rear end of the upright post (1), and the tail end (11) of the upright post is not in direct contact with the bat type horizontal main wing part;
a batwing horizontal main wing portion, comprising: a batwing-type horizontal main wing (2); the bat-type horizontal main wing (2) is positioned under the upright post (1), the lower end of the upright post (1) is vertically and fixedly connected with the bat-type horizontal main wing (2), meanwhile, the driving device (3) is also connected with the bat-type horizontal main wing (2), and the bat-type horizontal main wing (2) is symmetrically distributed by taking the central axis of the upright post (1) as a boundary line;
the upright post (1) adopts an NACA airfoil profile conforming to the fluid characteristic;
the tail end (11) of the upright post tilts at an acute angle along the direction vertical to the chord length of the batwing type horizontal main wing part, and the tilting part of the tail end (11) of the upright post accounts for 1/5 of the length of the whole cross section of the upright post (1);
the bat type horizontal main wing (2) adopts an NACA wing profile which accords with fluid characteristics, the front edge of the bat type horizontal main wing (2) is of an arc line type of the bat wing front edge, and the tail part of the bat type horizontal main wing (2) is blunt and is of a bat tail end shape;
the section airfoils on both sides of the bat-type horizontal main wing (2) and the central section airfoil of the bat-type horizontal main wing (2) are in a multiple relation;
an included angle between the central axis of the bat type horizontal main wing (2) and extension lines at any end of two sides of the bat type horizontal main wing (2) is 1, a concave curve bending angle at two ends of the bat type horizontal main wing (2) is 2, a middle convex curve bending angle is 3 and a central concave curve bending angle is 4, which are acute angles;
the main size parameters of the whole batwing T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device are determined according to the adaptability of different ships, and the optimal matching parameters of the batwing T-shaped high-lift hydrofoil device are obtained according to the required lift value.
CN201811236985.2A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Bat type T-shaped high lift hydrofoil device Active CN109436183B (en)

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CN110562420B (en) * 2019-09-30 2020-09-29 重庆前卫科技集团有限公司 Aerofoil plate and processing technology thereof
CN111930121B (en) * 2020-08-10 2022-10-25 哈尔滨工程大学 Mixed path planning method for indoor mobile robot

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EP2962929A1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2016-01-06 Mehmet Nevres Ülgen Trim stabilizer device having adjustable foil for speed boats
CN106347574A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 江苏科技大学 Planar straight wall side and double channel composite hydroplane
CN107264717A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-20 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of bionical hydrofoil suitable for foilcraft
CN107640300A (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-30 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of T-shaped wing with waveform trailing edge
EP3279082A1 (en) * 2015-03-12 2018-02-07 Carlos Conrado Bosio Blanco Aircraft having supporting fuselage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2962929A1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2016-01-06 Mehmet Nevres Ülgen Trim stabilizer device having adjustable foil for speed boats
EP3279082A1 (en) * 2015-03-12 2018-02-07 Carlos Conrado Bosio Blanco Aircraft having supporting fuselage
CN104890831A (en) * 2015-06-09 2015-09-09 哈尔滨工程大学 Stabilizing apparatus combined by T-shaped hydrofoil and rotor foils
CN106347574A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 江苏科技大学 Planar straight wall side and double channel composite hydroplane
CN107264717A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-20 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of bionical hydrofoil suitable for foilcraft
CN107640300A (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-30 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of T-shaped wing with waveform trailing edge

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