CN109424356B - Drilling fluid loss position detection system and method - Google Patents
Drilling fluid loss position detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109424356B CN109424356B CN201710740856.6A CN201710740856A CN109424356B CN 109424356 B CN109424356 B CN 109424356B CN 201710740856 A CN201710740856 A CN 201710740856A CN 109424356 B CN109424356 B CN 109424356B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
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Abstract
Drilling fluid loss position detection system and method, this system includes: the tracer devices are used for measuring drilling fluid state parameters of positions where the tracer devices are located in the movement process; the measurement-while-drilling short joints are used for measuring the drilling fluid state parameters of the depth where the short joints are located to obtain reference depths and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters; and the data processing device is configured to obtain a drilling fluid state parameter curve of the drilling according to the drilling fluid state parameters acquired by the plurality of tracers, and determine the depth of the leakage according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve by combining the reference depth transmitted by the plurality of measurement while drilling short joints and the drilling fluid reference state parameters. Compared with the existing method, the drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method provided by the invention have the advantages of accurate measurement, simple instrument operation and convenience in running, and can be used for measuring the drilling fluid leakage position in a high-temperature, high-pressure and drilling fluid environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration and development, in particular to a drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method.
Background
Along with the gradual exhaustion of conventional oil and gas resources, well drilling is advanced to ultra-deep layers, complex stratums and unconventional oil and gas layers, and the problem of well leakage is more prominent due to the complex geological environment and a special well drilling process. In recent years, the number of times of well leakage has increased significantly as the exploration area has shifted to the pre-mountain construction area.
When the well leakage occurs, the following three conditions generally exist simultaneously: firstly, a certain positive pressure difference exists between the reservoir stratum and the oil reservoir stratum; second, leak-off pathways exist in the reservoir; third, the size of the solid phase particles in the drilling fluid is smaller than the pore throat structure size of the reservoir. When a crack or other gap stratum is met, drilling fluid with pressure can leak into the stratum from the annular space of the shaft, and in severe cases, the drilling fluid injected into the stratum can leak into the stratum completely, so that the ground drilling fluid is lost.
After a well leak occurs, in order to implement leak stopping operation, the position of a leak layer is determined, and then the property of the leak layer can be analyzed. The current drilling fluid leakage position detection methods mainly comprise a well temperature test method, a radioactive tracing atom measurement method, an acoustic logging method and the like, but none of the methods can be used for measurement in high-temperature, high-pressure and drilling fluid environments.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a drilling fluid loss position detection system, including:
the tracer is used for circularly descending well drilling fluid into the well bottom while drilling when the well drilling is lost, and returning to the ground after entering an annular space through a drill bit water hole, and the tracer is configured to measure the drilling fluid state parameters of the position where the tracer is located in the movement process;
the different measurement-while-drilling short sections are distributed at different positions of the drilling tool and are used for measuring the drilling fluid state parameters of the depth of the measurement-while-drilling short sections to obtain the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depth;
and the data processing device is configured to obtain a drilling fluid state parameter curve of the drilling according to the drilling fluid state parameters acquired by the plurality of tracers, and determine the depth of leakage according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters transmitted by the plurality of measurement-while-drilling short joints.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is configured to perform depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter, and then determine the depth of the loss according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is configured to perform depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve, obtain a curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state parameter curve, obtain reference depths at two sides of the curve mutation position and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determine the depth of the curve mutation position according to the reference depths at two sides of the curve mutation position by using an interpolation method in combination with the drilling fluid state parameters of the curve mutation position, so as to obtain the depth of the leakage.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the tracer comprises:
a sensor;
a signal conditioning circuit connected to the sensor;
the data acquisition circuit is connected with the signal conditioning circuit and is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal transmitted by the signal conditioning circuit and storing the drilling fluid state parameter obtained by conversion in a self storage unit;
and the signal transmission circuit is connected with the data processing module.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the tracer further comprises a composite inclusion, the sensor, signal conditioning circuitry, data acquisition circuitry and signal transmission circuitry being secured within the composite inclusion.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of cavities are formed in the outer wall of the measurement-while-drilling nipple, and a tracer is arranged in each cavity and fixed in each cavity through a cover plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, cavities on the outer wall of the measurement-while-drilling nipple are annularly and uniformly distributed.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the drilling fluid loss position, which is based on the system as described in any one of the above and comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a tracer into a water hole of a drilling tool when well leakage occurs, so that the tracer can measure drilling fluid state parameters of the position where the tracer is positioned in the movement process;
capturing the tracer at the ground, and reading the drilling fluid state parameters stored in the tracer and the drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the self reference depths measured by a plurality of measurement-while-drilling short sections in the drilling tool by using a data processing device;
and thirdly, obtaining a drilling fluid state parameter curve of the drilling well by using the data processing device according to the drilling fluid state parameters collected by the tracers, and determining the depth of the leakage according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters transmitted by the plurality of measurement while drilling short joints.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after a loss occurs, the drilling is started first, then a plurality of measurement-while-drilling subs are lowered through a drilling tool, a drilling fluid circulation channel is established and the well is opened when the drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the well, wherein different measurement-while-drilling subs are distributed at different positions of the drilling tool.
The invention also provides a drilling fluid leakage position detection method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring drilling fluid state parameters at different depths to obtain a drilling fluid state parameter curve;
collecting drilling fluid state parameters at different reference depths to obtain drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depths;
and thirdly, depth calibration is carried out on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters, the curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state curve is obtained, the reference depths on two sides of the curve mutation position and the corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters are obtained, and the depth of the curve mutation position is determined according to the reference depths on two sides of the curve mutation position by combining the drilling fluid state parameters of the curve mutation position, so that the depth of the leakage is obtained.
The drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method provided by the invention utilize the characteristic that relevant drilling fluid state parameters (such as pressure, temperature and the like) at the drilling fluid leakage position are subjected to mutation, can preliminarily define the depth range of the stratum with the drilling fluid leakage through the measurement while drilling short joint, and determine the accurate value of the depth of the stratum with the drilling fluid leakage through a further data processing process. Compared with the existing method, the drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method provided by the invention have the advantages of accurate measurement, simple instrument operation and convenience in running, and can be used for measuring the drilling fluid leakage position in a high-temperature, high-pressure and drilling fluid environment.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drilling fluid loss location detection system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a tracer according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement-while-drilling nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of a drilling fluid loss location detection method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of a drilling fluid loss location detection method according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a full wellbore temperature profile according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a full wellbore pressure curve according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details or with other methods described herein.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and, although a logical order is illustrated in the flow charts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a drilling fluid loss position detection system provided in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for detecting a drilling fluid loss position provided in this embodiment includes: the device comprises a plurality of tracers 11 with the same structure, a plurality of measurement-while-drilling nipples 18 and a data processing device 19. The tracer 11 is used for circularly descending well drilling fluid into the bottom of the well while drilling when the well drilling fluid leaks, and returning to the ground after entering an annular space through a drill bit water hole. The tracer 11 can measure the drilling fluid state parameter at the position where the tracer is located in real time during the movement process.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the tracer provided in the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the drilling fluid condition parameters measured by the tracer 11 preferably include pressure and temperature, and therefore, as shown in fig. 2, the tracer 11 correspondingly includes: pressure sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, signal conditioning circuit 23, data acquisition circuit 24 and signal transmission circuit 25. Wherein, the sensor, the signal conditioning circuit 23, the data acquisition circuit 24 and the signal transmission circuit 25 are all fixed in the composite material inclusion 28. In this embodiment, the composite inclusion 28 is resistant to corrosion by drilling fluid, erosion by drilling fluid, impact, high temperature, and high pressure.
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the sensors included in the tracer 11 may be only the pressure sensor 21 or the temperature sensor 22, or may include other reasonable sensors not listed, according to the actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 21 is used to measure the pressure experienced by the tracer 11, and the temperature sensor 22 is used to measure the current temperature of the tracer 11. In order to ensure that the pressure data measured by the pressure sensor 21 can more accurately reflect the current pressure applied to the tracer 11, in this embodiment, the composite material enclosure 28 of the tracer 11 is provided with a corresponding opening through which the detection end of the pressure sensor 21 is in contact with the outside.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22 are both connected to a signal conditioning circuit 23, and the signal conditioning circuit 23 can perform corresponding analog signal processing (such as amplification and/or filtering) on the pressure signal and the temperature signal transmitted by the pressure sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22, and then transmit the processed analog signals to a data acquisition circuit 24 connected thereto.
In this embodiment, the data acquisition circuit 24 can perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal transmitted by the signal conditioning circuit 23, and store the converted digital signal (i.e., the drilling fluid state parameter including the pressure data and the temperature data) in its own storage unit. The data acquisition circuit 24 also marks a corresponding time tag on the drilling fluid state parameter in the process of storing the drilling fluid state parameter in the storage unit of the data acquisition circuit.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the data acquisition circuit 24 may also be configured with a corresponding external memory according to actual needs, so as to store the acquired drilling fluid state parameters in the external memory, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the data acquisition circuit 24 is further provided with corresponding peripheral circuits (e.g., a crystal oscillator 26 and a power supply 27). Wherein the crystal oscillator 26 is used as a clock, and the data acquisition circuit 24 uses the crystal oscillator 26 as a clock, counts time by the crystal oscillator 26, and time-stamps the acquired drilling fluid state parameters.
The data acquisition circuit 24 is further connected with a data transmission circuit 25, and the data transmission circuit 25 can transmit the drilling fluid state parameters stored by the data acquisition circuit 24 to the data processing device 19 on the ground, so that the data processing device 19 can determine the position where the leakage occurs according to the drilling fluid state parameters. In addition, the data transmission circuit 25 can also transmit the received corresponding external command to the data acquisition circuit 24 to control the operation state of the data acquisition circuit 24 and other related circuits according to actual needs.
It should be noted that in different embodiments of the present invention, the data transmission circuit 25 can establish a data transmission link with the data processing device 19 by using a wired connection, and can also establish a data transmission link with the data processing device 19 by using a wireless connection, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring again to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the detection system includes a plurality of measurement-while-drilling subs 18. The different measurement-while-drilling subs 18 are distributed at different locations on the drilling tool (e.g., drill string 13) such that when the drilling tool is run downhole, the different measurement-while-drilling subs 18 will be at different depth locations, having a fixed depth. The measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 can measure the drilling fluid state parameters at the depth (i.e., reference depth) of the nipple, so as to obtain different reference depths and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the outer wall of the measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 is provided with a plurality of cavities 31, and the tracers 11 are disposed in the cavities 31, wherein the tracers 11 are fixed in the cavities 31 of the measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 through a cover plate 32. In this embodiment, in order to enable the tracer 11 to more accurately measure the drilling fluid state parameter (such as pressure and/or temperature) at the position of the cavity 31, the cover plate 32 is provided with openings, so that the sensors in the tracer 11 can accurately acquire pressure data and/or temperature data.
Meanwhile, the cavities on the outer wall of the measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 are preferably arranged in an annular and uniformly distributed manner. As shown in fig. 3, for the measurement while drilling nipple 18, 3 cavities are distributed on the outer wall thereof, and adjacent cavities in the 3 cavities form an included angle of 120 degrees. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of cavities distributed on the exterior of the measurement-while-drilling sub 18 may be other reasonable numbers, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The data processing device 19 can acquire drilling fluid state parameters acquired by the tracer 11 captured from the drilling fluid, and at the same time, can acquire reference depths acquired by the measurement while drilling nipple and drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depths, and determines the depth of the leakage according to the drilling fluid state parameters, the reference depths and the drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depths.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a method for detecting a drilling fluid loss position by using the system for detecting a drilling fluid loss position provided in this embodiment, and the method is further described below with reference to fig. 1 and 4.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the method first determines whether a miss occurs in step S401. Wherein if a loss occurs, the method trips the drill string 13 out of the derrick 12, then inserts the measurement-while-drilling sub 18 into the drill string 13, and re-trips the drill string 13 downhole at step S402. Before the drilling fluid is circulated, the method unloads the drill string 13 and drops a batch of tracers 11 into the drill string port at step S403, and then begins to dredge the well.
After the well is cleared, the tracer 11, which is introduced into the drill string port, will be circulated with drilling fluid down the bottom of the well in the drill string flow channel 14. After running downhole, the tracer 11 will pass through the bore of the drill bit 16 into the annulus 15 and finally back to the surface with the cuttings. In this embodiment, the tracer 11 can measure the temperature data and the pressure data of the position where the tracer is located in real time and store the temperature data and the pressure data in the storage unit of the tracer 11, so that the tracer 11 can measure and obtain the temperature data and the pressure data of the whole wellbore after returning to the ground.
As shown in fig. 4, after the tracers 11 are returned to the surface together with the rock debris, the method captures the tracers 11 at the surface in step S404, and reads the drilling fluid status parameters stored in the tracers 11 through the corresponding reading and writing device. Meanwhile, in step S404, the method also reads drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the self reference depth measured by each measurement-while-drilling nipple 18 in the drilling tool.
After reading the drilling fluid status parameters stored in the captured tracer 11, since the drilling fluid status parameters of the whole wellbore are collected and stored by the tracer 11, the method uses the data processing device 19 to obtain a drilling fluid status parameter curve of the drilling well according to the drilling fluid status parameters in step S405. Subsequently, the method determines the depth of the loss by using the data processing device 19 according to the variation of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and combining the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter in step S406.
Because the tracer does not collect depth data when collecting the drilling fluid state parameter, in this embodiment, the method performs depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter in step S406, and further determines the depth of the loss according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve.
As the tracer 11 passes through the fluid lost-to-formation 17, the temperature and pressure of the drilling fluid will change and this sudden change in temperature and pressure of the drilling fluid will also be collected and recorded by the tracer 11. Therefore, the method can determine the position where the loss occurs through the curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state parameter curve, and the depth corresponding to the curve mutation position can determine the depth of the position where the loss occurs.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the depth of each measurement-while-drilling nipple and the value of the drilling fluid state parameter at the depth are obtained by measurement, that is, the values of each reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter corresponding to the reference depth can be obtained by measurement. According to the method, a point with the same value as the reference state parameter of the drilling fluid is selected from the drilling fluid state parameter curve to serve as a depth coincidence point, so that the depth of the drilling fluid state parameter curve is calibrated.
For the curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state parameter curve, if the curve mutation position is not the position corresponding to the reference depth, the method cannot directly determine the depth data corresponding to the curve mutation position from the drilling fluid state parameter curve. For this case, in this embodiment, the method preferably uses interpolation to determine the depth data corresponding to the abrupt change position of the curve.
Specifically, after the depth calibration of the drilling fluid state parameter curve is completed, the method obtains a curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state parameter curve, and obtains reference depths at two sides of the curve mutation position and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters. And then, according to the values of the drilling fluid state parameters of the curve mutation position, combining the values of the drilling fluid reference state parameters on the two sides of the curve mutation position to determine the values of the depths corresponding to the curve mutation position according to the values of the reference depths on the two sides of the curve mutation position.
For example, if the drilling fluid state parameter value at the curve sudden change position is the average value of the drilling fluid reference state parameter values at the two sides of the curve sudden change position, the method can take the average value of the reference depth values at the two sides of the curve sudden change position as the value of the depth corresponding to the curve sudden change position, so that the depth of the position where the drilling fluid loss occurs is determined.
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method may also employ other reasonable interpolation methods to determine the depth of the location where the drilling fluid loss occurs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The embodiment also provides a drilling fluid loss position detection method, wherein fig. 5 shows an implementation flow schematic diagram of the method. As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the method first acquires drilling fluid state parameters at different depths in step S501 to obtain a drilling fluid parameter curve. In this embodiment, the method preferably utilizes the tracer 11 to acquire drilling fluid state parameters at different depths, and the implementation principle and the process thereof are the same as the working content principle of the tracer 11, so detailed description of the step S501 is omitted here.
The method also collects drilling fluid state parameters at different reference depths in step S502, thereby obtaining drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the different reference depths. In particular, in the present embodiment, the method preferably utilizes a measurement-while-drilling nipple to measure drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to different reference depths.
After the drilling fluid state parameter curve, the different reference depths and the corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters are obtained, the method performs depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depths and the drilling fluid reference state parameters in step S503. Subsequently, the method determines the depth of the loss according to the variation of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and by combining the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter in step S504. Specifically, in this embodiment, the method first obtains the abrupt change position of the drilling fluid state curve, then obtains the reference depths on both sides of the abrupt change position of the curve and the corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determines the depth of the abrupt change position of the curve according to the reference depths on both sides of the abrupt change position of the curve by combining the drilling fluid state parameters of the abrupt change position of the curve.
In this embodiment, the specific implementation principle and implementation process of the steps S504 and S505 are the same as those set forth in the step S406, and therefore, the details related to the steps S504 and S505 are not repeated herein.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic of the full wellbore temperature profile obtained by the tracer in this embodiment. Wherein, the well depth is given by 4 measurement while drilling nipples after demarcating. As shown in fig. 6, the measurement-while-drilling pup joint records temperature data at depths of 3000m, 3050m, 3100m, and 3150m, where the temperature data at the 4 depths are: 55 ℃, 62 ℃, 65 ℃ and 70 ℃. As can be seen from the full-wellbore temperature curve, the curve has a temperature discontinuity in the range from 3100m to 3150m, which reflects the temperature change at the drilling fluid loss location. Through data interpolation calculation, the well depth corresponding to the temperature break point is 3120m, namely drilling fluid loss occurs at the position 3120m underground.
Figure 7 shows a schematic of a full wellbore pressure curve obtained by the tracer in this embodiment. Wherein, the well depth is given by 4 measurement while drilling nipples after demarcating. As shown in fig. 7, the measurement-while-drilling pup joint records pressure data at 3000m, 3050m, 3100m and 3150m depths, where the pressure data at the 4 depths are: 30MPa, 31MPa, 32MPa and 40 MPa. It can be seen from the full-wellbore pressure curve that there is a pressure discontinuity in the range 3100m to 3150m, which reflects the pressure change at the drilling fluid loss location. Through data interpolation calculation, the well depth corresponding to the pressure abrupt change point is 3120m, namely drilling fluid loss occurs at the position 3120m underground.
It can be seen from the above description that the drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method provided by the present invention utilize the characteristic that the relevant drilling fluid state parameters (such as pressure and temperature, etc.) at the drilling fluid leakage position are subjected to sudden change, and the formation depth range where the drilling fluid leakage occurs can be preliminarily defined by the measurement while drilling nipple, and meanwhile, the accurate value of the formation depth where the drilling fluid leakage occurs can be determined through the further data processing process. Compared with the existing method, the drilling fluid leakage position detection system and method provided by the invention have the advantages of accurate measurement, simple instrument operation and convenience in running, and can be used for measuring the drilling fluid leakage position in a high-temperature, high-pressure and drilling fluid environment.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures or process steps disclosed herein, but extend to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those skilled in the relevant art. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
While the above examples are illustrative of the principles of the present invention in one or more applications, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A drilling fluid loss location detection system, the system comprising:
the tracer is used for circularly descending well drilling fluid into the well bottom while drilling when the well drilling is lost, and returning to the ground after entering an annular space through a drill bit water hole, and the tracer is configured to measure the drilling fluid state parameters of the position where the tracer is located in the movement process;
the different measurement-while-drilling short sections are distributed at different positions of the drilling tool and are used for measuring the drilling fluid state parameters of the depth of the measurement-while-drilling short sections to obtain the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depth;
and the data processing device is configured to obtain a drilling fluid state parameter curve of the drilling well according to the drilling fluid state parameters acquired by the tracers, perform depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determine the depth of the leakage according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and by combining the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters transmitted by the plurality of measurement-while-drilling short sections, wherein a point with the same value as the drilling fluid reference state parameter is selected from the drilling fluid state parameter curve to serve as a depth coincidence point so as to calibrate the depth of the drilling fluid state parameter curve.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the data processing device is configured to obtain a curve jump position of the drilling fluid state parameter curve after depth calibration of the drilling fluid state parameter curve, obtain reference depths on both sides of the curve jump position and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determine the depth of the curve jump position according to the reference depths on both sides of the curve jump position by using an interpolation method in combination with the drilling fluid state parameters of the curve jump position, thereby obtaining a depth at which a loss occurs.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the tracer comprises:
a sensor;
a signal conditioning circuit connected to the sensor;
the data acquisition circuit is connected with the signal conditioning circuit and is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal transmitted by the signal conditioning circuit and storing the drilling fluid state parameter obtained by conversion in a self storage unit;
and the signal transmission circuit is connected with the data processing module.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the tracer further comprises a composite enclosure, the sensor, signal conditioning circuitry, data acquisition circuitry, and signal transmission circuitry being secured within the composite enclosure.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the measurement-while-drilling nipple is provided with a plurality of cavities on its outer wall, and a tracer is arranged in the cavity and fixed in the cavity through a cover plate.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the cavities on the outer wall of the measurement-while-drilling sub are evenly distributed annularly.
7. A method for detecting a drilling fluid loss position, which is based on the system of any one of claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a tracer into a water hole of a drilling tool when well leakage occurs, so that the tracer can measure drilling fluid state parameters of the position where the tracer is positioned in the movement process;
capturing the tracer at the ground, and reading the drilling fluid state parameters stored in the tracer and the drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the self reference depths measured by a plurality of measurement-while-drilling short sections in the drilling tool by using a data processing device;
and thirdly, obtaining a drilling fluid state parameter curve of the drilling well by using the data processing device according to the drilling fluid state parameters acquired by the tracers, carrying out depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determining the depth of the leakage according to the change condition of the drilling fluid state parameter curve and the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameters transmitted by the plurality of measurement-while-drilling short sections, wherein a point with the same value as the drilling fluid reference state parameter is selected from the drilling fluid state parameter curve to be used as a depth coincidence point so as to realize the depth calibration of the drilling fluid state parameter curve.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein after a loss of fluid occurs, the drill string is first tripped out and then a plurality of measurement-while-drilling subs are lowered through the drilling tool, a drilling fluid circulation channel is established and the well is opened while the drilling tool is lowered downhole, wherein different measurement-while-drilling subs are distributed at different locations of the drilling tool.
9. A method of detecting a drilling fluid loss location, the method comprising:
acquiring drilling fluid state parameters at different depths to obtain a drilling fluid state parameter curve;
collecting drilling fluid state parameters at different reference depths to obtain drilling fluid reference state parameters corresponding to the reference depths;
and thirdly, performing depth calibration on the drilling fluid state parameter curve according to the reference depth and the drilling fluid reference state parameter to obtain a curve mutation position of the drilling fluid state curve, and obtaining reference depths at two sides of the curve mutation position and corresponding drilling fluid reference state parameters, and determining the depth of the curve mutation position according to the reference depths at two sides of the curve mutation position by combining the drilling fluid state parameters of the curve mutation position, so as to obtain the depth of the leakage, wherein a point with the same value as the drilling fluid reference state parameter is selected from the drilling fluid state parameter curve to serve as a depth coincidence point, so that the depth calibration of the drilling fluid state parameter curve is realized.
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