CN109361432B - Digital transmission method and system based on digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna - Google Patents
Digital transmission method and system based on digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
- H04B7/043—Power distribution using best eigenmode, e.g. beam forming or beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a digital transmission method and a digital transmission system based on a digital phase-control electromagnetic surface antenna, wherein the provided method comprises the following steps: according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission; modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array; obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent; and irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel. According to the method provided by the invention, after the phase adjustment is carried out on the analog signal by adopting the digital phase control electromagnetic surface antenna, the digital phase control electromagnetic surface antenna is transmitted on a preset channel, so that the power consumption and the cost of the system can be greatly reduced on the premise of the same performance.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a digital transmission method and a digital transmission system based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of global mobile internet and internet of things technologies, the business demand has been explosively increased. The fourth generation mobile communication system (4G) that has been practically deployed at present will have difficulty in meeting the enormous demand of the user for the capacity increase of the communication network by thousand times in the next decade. In order to meet such rapid network capacity growth and the core concept of green communication, various communication strong countries in the world have gradually looked to a fifth generation mobile communication system (5G). The main technical challenge of 5G is how to greatly improve the spectral efficiency of wireless resources to meet the ten and thousand times capacity demand. Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is recognized as one of the key technologies to overcome this challenge. By configuring a very large scale antenna array (e.g., 256 antennas), the massive MIMO technology can introduce more additional spatial degrees of freedom to significantly improve the spectral efficiency of the system. Since 2010, massive MIMO technology has become a research hotspot in academia and industry, and has been officially adopted as a 5G physical layer technology in the latest 3GPP R15 standard.
However, currently, implementing massive MIMO technology still faces some technical challenges, such as how to reduce the number of radio frequencies required by the system. In a conventional all-digital MIMO architecture, each antenna needs a dedicated rf link (including a mixer, a digital-to-analog converter, etc.) for supporting, and the power consumption is often large and the price is not high. If the conventional structure is directly applied to a massive MIMO system configured with hundreds of antennas, a huge radio frequency network will be required, and the power consumption and cost thereof will be unacceptable. For example, a massive MIMO base station with 256 antennas will consume up to 128 watts in the rf network portion alone, while the total power consumption of the femtocell base station in the current 4G system is not more than ten watts. In order to reduce the number of radio frequencies of the system and alleviate the bottleneck problem of high power consumption and high cost, two new large-scale MIMO systems have been proposed recently. The first is a phased antenna based massive MIMO system (see o.el Ayach, s.rajagopal, s.abu-Surra, z.pi, and r.heat, "adaptive space coding in milemeter wave MIMO systems," IEEE trans.wireless command, vol.13, No.3, pp.1499-1513, mar.2014). The system decomposes the traditional high-dimensional all-digital signal processing into two steps, namely, firstly, high-dimensional analog signal processing (realized by a phase-shifting network) is carried out to obtain array gain, and then, after a small amount of radio frequency sampling, low-dimensional digital signal processing is carried out at a baseband to eliminate interference between data streams. The system can obtain quasi-optimal performance, however, the system needs a large number of high-resolution phase shifters and complex connecting modules such as power splitters, and the power consumption and the cost are still considerable. The second is a large-scale MIMO System based on lens antennas (see j.brady, n.behdad, and a.m.sayed, "Beamspace MIMO for micrometer-wave communications: System architecture, modeling, analysis, and measurements," IEEE trans.ant.and propag., vol.61, No.7, pp.3814-3827, ju.2013). The system utilizes the lens, and can focus signals in different incoming wave directions on different antennas, thereby realizing the effect of space Fourier transform and converting traditional space domain channels into beam domains. However, the lens used in the massive MIMO system based on lens antenna is bulky and costly due to the material, which is very disadvantageous for integration.
In the existing MIMO system, the power consumption of the radio frequency part is still high, and meanwhile, the used equipment still has the problems of high cost, large size and the like, so that the MIMO system is difficult to be practically applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a digital transmission method and a digital transmission system based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the power consumption of a radio frequency part is high, and meanwhile, the cost and the size of used equipment are still too high, so that the MIMO system is difficult to be practically applied.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a digital transmission method based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna, including:
according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission;
modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array;
obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent;
irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel; wherein the antenna array comprises an electromagnetic surface antenna.
Wherein, the step of performing channel estimation for the digital information transmission according to the pilot signal specifically includes: estimating a channel in the iteration by a compressed sensing algorithm according to the pilot signal, the channel matrix obtained in the previous iteration and the dictionary matrix obtained in the previous iteration; and obtaining a channel matrix in the iteration and a dictionary matrix in the iteration according to the channel in the iteration.
Wherein, the step of estimating the channel in the current iteration by the compressed sensing algorithm further comprises: and if the channel precision in the iteration meets the preset precision or the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the channel in the iteration as a preset channel.
The step of modulating the antenna array by the beamforming matrix according to the preset channel specifically includes: setting an initial probability distribution for the value of each element of an analog beamforming matrix, wherein each element of the analog beamforming matrix has only a limited number of discrete values; generating a plurality of analog beamforming matrixes in the iteration according to the probability distribution obtained in the previous iteration, calculating corresponding digital beamforming matrixes according to the analog beamforming matrixes in each iteration, and calling each pair of the analog beamforming matrixes and the corresponding digital beamforming matrixes in the iteration as a candidate solution; and calculating a cost function of each candidate solution, selecting a plurality of candidate solutions as elite solutions, and obtaining probability distribution and a simulation beamforming matrix in the iteration by using the elite solutions.
Wherein, the step of simultaneously obtaining the analog beamforming matrix in the current iteration further comprises: judging that the obtained iteration times are equal to the preset iteration times, and taking the analog beamforming matrix in the iteration as the beamforming matrix.
Wherein the antenna array comprises a feed source and an electromagnetic surface antenna; and after passing through the feed source, the multi-stream analog signal to be sent irradiates the electromagnetic surface antenna, so that the phase of the multi-stream analog signal is adjusted.
Wherein the electromagnetic surface antenna is comprised of a plurality of PIN diodes.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a digital transmission system based on a digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna, including:
the channel estimation module is used for carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission according to the pilot signal to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission;
the beam forming module is used for modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel;
the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for acquiring a baseband signal to be transmitted, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be transmitted;
and the antenna module is used for irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the antenna array, and after the phase adjustment is carried out through the antenna array, the radiation is carried out on the preset channel.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna based digital transmission method provided in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna based digital transmission method as provided in the first aspect above.
According to the digital transmission method and system based on the digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna, the digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna is adopted to perform phase adjustment on the analog signal, and then the analog signal is transmitted on the preset channel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a digital transmission method based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a channel estimation scenario in a digital transmission method based on a digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital transmission system based on a digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a digital transmission method based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
s1, according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain the preset channel of the digital information transmission;
s2, modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel;
s3, obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent;
and S4, irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the antenna array, and after phase adjustment is carried out through the antenna array, carrying out radiation on the preset channel.
Specifically, in this embodiment, for the baseband signal to be sent, channel estimation is performed on this information transmission through the pilot signal, and the preset channel to be used in this information transmission is determined. And then, modulating each unit on an electromagnetic interface in the digital phase-control electromagnetic surface antenna according to the beamforming matrix to obtain a modulated antenna array required to be used in the information transmission.
In the signal processing part, after a baseband signal to be transmitted is subjected to corresponding digital signal processing by a signal processing module, the baseband signal is converted into a multi-stream analog signal of a required communication frequency band through devices such as a digital-to-analog converter and a mixer of a radio frequency module, and the multi-stream analog signal is subjected to phase adjustment through a modulated antenna array and radiated in a specified beam direction. The antenna array comprises electromagnetic surface antennas, and the antenna array can have various forms, such as conduction or blockage of PIN diodes, and is digitally controlled by a control circuit connected with the antenna array. Different modalities may produce different phase shifts for the analog signal.
According to the method, after the phase adjustment is carried out on the analog signal by the digital phase control electromagnetic surface antenna, the analog signal is transmitted on a preset channel, compared with a traditional MIMO system, the power consumption and the cost of the system can be greatly reduced on the premise of the same performance, meanwhile, the antenna array integrates the phase shifting function and the radiation function, an independent phase shifting unit and a radiation unit are not needed, the antenna structure is simplified, and the communication cost is reduced.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the step of performing channel estimation on the digital information transmission according to the pilot signal specifically includes: estimating a channel in the iteration by a compressed sensing algorithm according to the pilot signal, the channel matrix obtained in the previous iteration and the dictionary matrix obtained in the previous iteration; and obtaining a channel matrix in the iteration and a dictionary matrix in the iteration according to the channel in the iteration.
Wherein, the step of estimating the channel in the current iteration by the compressed sensing algorithm further comprises: and if the channel precision in the iteration meets the preset precision or the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the channel in the iteration as a preset channel.
Specifically, in the channel estimation process, the uplink channel estimation in the TDD mode is considered, where the uplink pilot transmission of the s-th layer may be represented by the following mathematical model:
wherein Y is(s)Indicating a received pilot signal, W(s)Is a combined codebook matrix adopted during reception, H is a channel matrix, X is a transmitted pilot frequency, and N is noise. Due to the sparsity of the massive MIMO channel in the angle domain, the arrival angles of the uplink pilot signals of different transmitting antennas are distributed in a smaller angle range. Thus, the channel matrix can be written as H ═ aDZ，ADFor angle dictionary matrices, each column is an array steering vector determined by an angle
Z is a sparse matrix, so that a compressed sensing method can be adopted for channel estimation. Since the accuracy of channel estimation by compressed sensing depends on the received signal-to-noise ratio, the combined codebook matrix W of each layer(s)Special design is needed, and the phase-shifting digital phase-control electromagnetic surface antenna is suitable for 1-bit phase shifting-based digital phase-control electromagnetic surface antenna, namely, each element is valued in
Based on this, in the channel estimation step, referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment proposes a channelAnd the estimation scheme is used for reducing the angle range of codebook detection layer by layer so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal layer by layer. In the S layer, the channel angle can be estimated by a compressed sensing method, and the angle range is further reduced. In the S +1 th layer, a new combined codebook matrix W is designed according to the reduced angle range of the previous layer(s+1)Because the detection angle range of the S +1 th layer is smaller, higher array gain can be obtained, the signal-to-noise ratio of the received pilot signal is improved, and the channel estimation is more accurate.
In order to further reduce the computational complexity of channel estimation of each layer, the present embodiment proposes a method for adaptively modifying the dictionary matrix according to the beam range. Specifically, the dictionary matrix A of the s-th layerDIs referred to as AD,(s)To distinguish different dictionary matrices at different stages. Dictionary AD,(s)From N steering vectors a*(φn,(s)) Is composed of (a) wherein
a*(φn，(s)) Each element takes a value in the set
Must be such that a*(φn,(s)) A steering vector a (phi) selected in succession with each elementn,(s)) As close as possible. Thus, the angular resolution is increased step by step, while the dictionary matrix size N remains unchanged, so the computational complexity of the compressive sensing algorithm is unchanged. After S stage, up to pi/2 can be achievedSThe angular resolution of N is far higher than that of N which is uniformly distributed in [ - π/2, π/2 ] by angle]The N guide vectors in the dictionary can reach pi/N angular resolution. And when the channel precision meets the preset precision or the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the channel in the iteration as the preset channel.
By the method, the angle resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio are improved layer by utilizing the layered self-adaptive codebook, and the pilot frequency overhead required by channel estimation can be obviously reduced on the premise of ensuring high channel estimation precision.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the step of modulating the antenna array by the beamforming matrix according to the preset channel specifically includes: setting an initial probability distribution for the value of each element of an analog beamforming matrix, wherein each element of the analog beamforming matrix has only a limited number of discrete values; generating a plurality of analog beamforming matrixes in the iteration according to the probability distribution obtained in the previous iteration, calculating corresponding digital beamforming matrixes according to the analog beamforming matrixes in each iteration, and calling each pair of the analog beamforming matrixes and the corresponding digital beamforming matrixes in the iteration as a candidate solution; and calculating a cost function of each candidate solution, selecting a plurality of candidate solutions as elite solutions, and obtaining probability distribution and a simulation beamforming matrix in the iteration by using the elite solutions.
Wherein, the step of simultaneously obtaining the analog beamforming matrix in the current iteration further comprises: judging that the obtained iteration times are equal to the preset iteration times, and taking the analog beamforming matrix in the iteration as the beamforming matrix.
Specifically, the massive MIMO transmission model based on the digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna is as follows:
y＝HFRFFBBs+n，
where y is the Kx 1 received signal vector, K is the number of transmission streams, H is the Kx N channel matrix, N is the number of elements of the digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna at the base station, FRFIs NxNRFDimensional analog beamforming matrix, NRFIs the base station radio frequency number. If the electromagnetic interface antenna element is implemented by a PIN diode,
in the form of a block-diagonal matrix,
a beamforming vector in the electromagnetic interface region irradiated by the nth feed source and each element of which can only take value in the set
FBBIs NRFxK, s is a K x 1 signal vector to be transmitted, n is K x 1 additive noise, and the variance is σ2. Designing an analog beamforming matrix FRFAnd a digital beamforming matrix FBBThe goal of (c) is to maximize the achievable sum rate R, defined as follows:
wherein
Shaping a matrix F for a digital beamBBThe k-th column of (1). The beamforming matrix design problem can then be written as an optimization problem with the following constraints:
wherein
All satisfy the value of each element in
N x N ofRFA set of matrices of the dimensions is,
is an energy constraint. FBBConstraint of (2)
Is convex, so once F is determinedRF，FBBCan be based on equivalent informationRoad HFRFAnd (6) effectively solving. However, if in the entire feasible set
Search all F' sRFNeed to search 2NA possibility of FRF. Since N is usually large (e.g. 64, 2) in massive MIMO systems based on digital phased electromagnetic surface antennasN≈1.84×1019) This leads to unacceptable complexity. On the other hand, due to constraints
Non-convex and therefore difficult to solve by conventional convex optimization-based methods.
In this embodiment, the above problem is solved by providing a feasible beamforming scheme, and initially, F is setRFAll non-zero elements in (a) are represented as an N x 1 vector:
and define u ═ u1,u2,…,uN]Is an Nx 1 probability parameter vector, where 0 ≦ u n1 or less representsProbability of 1-unTo represent
Probability of (f)nIs the nth element in the vector f. Then, by initializing u(0)＝[0.5,0.5,…,0.5]TAssuming time of onset FRFAll N non-zero elements in (A) are chosen from with equal probability
In the ith cycle, the probability distribution is first based
Randomly generating S analog beamforming matrixes
(i.e. according to u)(i)Generating a set of
Then recombined into a collection
Matrix in (1). Then, for each
According to equivalent channels
Calculating corresponding digital beamforming matrices
With respect to digital beamforming matrices, there are many advanced design methods, such as the classical Zero Forcing (ZF) algorithm, that can achieve quasi-optimal performance with low complexity. The ZF algorithm is as follows:
wherein
Is the power normalization factor. Then, will
And
calculating the reachable sum rate by substituting the expression of the reachable sum rate
Sorting and obtaining S with maximum reachable sum rateeliteThe candidate solutions are referred to as elite solutions. Finally, the probability distribution u is updated by minimizing the interaction entropy by taking the elite solution as a sample(i+1). The general method is
Wherein
Representation generation
The probability of (c). As described above, the contribution of all the elite solutions is considered the same, resulting in performance degradation. To address this problem, the importance of each elite solution is adaptively distinguished based on its achievable sum rate. Specifically, an auxiliary parameter T is first defined to represent the average achievable sum rate of all eligibility:
then, the weight is calculated
Based on
The improvement of the method comprises the following steps:
repeating the above process until reaching preset maximum iteration number, and outputting the optimal value
And
as a final solution, a beamforming scheme with quasi-optimal and rate performance can be obtained with low complexity.
On the basis of the embodiment, the antenna array comprises a feed source and an electromagnetic surface antenna;
and after passing through the feed source, the multi-stream analog signal to be sent irradiates the electromagnetic surface antenna, so that the phase of the multi-stream analog signal is adjusted. The electromagnetic surface antenna is composed of a plurality of PIN diodes.
Specifically, the antenna array is composed of a feed source and an electromagnetic interface. The multi-stream analog signal generated by the radio frequency module is firstly irradiated to different areas of the electromagnetic interface through a plurality of feed sources. After a certain area on the electromagnetic interface is irradiated, the phase of the analog signal is shifted, and a beam in a specific direction is formed and radiated. The units on the electromagnetic interface have various forms, different forms can generate different phase shifts on the analog signals, and the control circuit connected with the electromagnetic interface is used for digital control. In specific implementation, the reconfigurable electromagnetic interface unit can be realized by thousands of PIN diodes with low power consumption and low cost, and is connected with the control circuit to control whether each PIN diode is conducted, so that the functions of the 1-bit phase shifter and the radiation unit are integrated, and the independent phase shift unit and the radiation unit and a complex connection module between the two, such as a power divider and the like, are avoided. Compared with the traditional phase control antenna, the digital phase control electromagnetic surface antenna can obviously reduce the power consumption and the cost. However, the low resolution phase shift results in a significant performance penalty compared to the high resolution phase shifter in a phased antenna, which can be compensated by scaling up the array. Experimental data show that the digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna can reduce the overall power consumption even if the array size is greatly increased to increase the array gain. Table 1 gives a specific performance comparison between the two antennas.
TABLE 1
Therefore, by the method, the power consumption and the cost of the system can be greatly reduced on the premise of the same performance.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital transmission system based on a digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the system includes: a channel estimation module 31, a beamforming module 32, a digital-to-analog conversion module 33 and an antenna module 34.
The channel estimation module 31 is configured to perform channel estimation on the current digital information transmission according to the pilot signal, and obtain a preset channel of the current digital information transmission;
the beamforming module 32 is configured to modulate the antenna array through a beamforming matrix according to the preset channel;
the digital-to-analog conversion module 33 is configured to acquire a baseband signal to be sent, perform digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal, and acquire a multi-stream analog signal to be sent;
the antenna module 34 is configured to irradiate the antenna array with the multi-stream analog signal, and perform phase adjustment through the antenna array, and then perform radiation on the preset channel.
It should be noted that, the channel estimation module 31, the beamforming module 32, the digital-to-analog conversion module 33 and the antenna module 34 cooperate to execute a digital transmission method based on a digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna in the foregoing embodiment, and specific functions of the system refer to the foregoing embodiment of the digital transmission method based on the digital phased electromagnetic surface antenna, which is not described herein again.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the electronic device includes: a processor (processor)401, a communication Interface (communication Interface)402, a memory (memory)403 and a bus 404, wherein the processor 401, the communication Interface 402 and the memory 403 complete communication with each other through the bus 404. Processor 401 may call logic instructions in memory 403 to perform methods including, for example: according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission; modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array; obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent; and irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel.
An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, where the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the method provided by the above method embodiments, for example, the method includes: according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission; modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array; obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent; and irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel.
The present embodiments provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause a computer to perform the methods provided by the above method embodiments, for example, including: according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission; modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array; obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent; and irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A digital transmission method based on a digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the pilot signal, carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission;
modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel to obtain a modulated antenna array;
obtaining a baseband signal to be sent, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be sent;
irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the modulated antenna array, and performing phase adjustment through the modulated antenna array and then performing radiation on the preset channel;
wherein the antenna array comprises an electromagnetic surface antenna;
the step of performing channel estimation on the digital information transmission according to the pilot signal specifically includes:
estimating a channel in the iteration by a compressed sensing algorithm according to the pilot signal, the channel matrix obtained in the previous iteration and the dictionary matrix obtained in the previous iteration;
and obtaining a channel matrix in the iteration and a dictionary matrix in the iteration according to the channel in the iteration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of estimating the channel in the current iteration through the compressed sensing algorithm further comprises:
and if the channel precision in the iteration meets the preset precision or the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the channel in the iteration as a preset channel.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of modulating the antenna array by the beamforming matrix according to the predetermined channel specifically comprises:
setting an initial probability distribution for the value of each element of an analog beamforming matrix, wherein each element of the analog beamforming matrix has only a limited number of discrete values;
generating a plurality of analog beamforming matrixes in the iteration according to the probability distribution obtained in the previous iteration, calculating corresponding digital beamforming matrixes according to the analog beamforming matrixes in each iteration, and calling each pair of the analog beamforming matrixes and the corresponding digital beamforming matrixes in the iteration as a candidate solution;
and calculating a cost function of each candidate solution, selecting a plurality of candidate solutions as elite solutions, and obtaining probability distribution and a simulation beamforming matrix in the iteration by using the elite solutions.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of simultaneously obtaining the analog beamforming matrix in the current iteration is further followed by:
judging that the obtained iteration times are equal to the preset iteration times, and taking the analog beamforming matrix in the iteration as the beamforming matrix.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the antenna array comprises a feed and an electromagnetic surface antenna;
and after passing through the feed source, the multi-stream analog signal to be sent irradiates the electromagnetic surface antenna, so that the phase of the multi-stream analog signal is adjusted.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic surface antenna is comprised of a plurality of PIN diodes.
7. A digital transmission system based on a digitally phased electromagnetic surface antenna, comprising:
the channel estimation module is used for carrying out channel estimation on the digital information transmission according to the pilot signal to obtain a preset channel of the digital information transmission;
the beam forming module is used for modulating the antenna array through a beam forming matrix according to the preset channel;
the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for acquiring a baseband signal to be transmitted, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal to obtain a multi-stream analog signal to be transmitted;
the antenna module is used for irradiating the multi-stream analog signal onto the antenna array, and after the phase adjustment is carried out through the antenna array, the radiation is carried out on the preset channel;
wherein the antenna array comprises an electromagnetic surface antenna;
the channel estimation module is specifically configured to:
estimating a channel in the iteration by a compressed sensing algorithm according to the pilot signal, the channel matrix obtained in the previous iteration and the dictionary matrix obtained in the previous iteration;
and obtaining a channel matrix in the iteration and a dictionary matrix in the iteration according to the channel in the iteration.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, carries out the steps of the digital transmission method based on a digitally phased electromagnetic surface antenna according to any of claims 1 to 6.
9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for digital transmission based on a digitally phased electromagnetic surface antenna according to any of the claims 1 to 6.
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| CN106848588A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of new phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface |
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