CN1093341A - Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation - Google Patents
Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1093341A CN1093341A CN93103967A CN93103967A CN1093341A CN 1093341 A CN1093341 A CN 1093341A CN 93103967 A CN93103967 A CN 93103967A CN 93103967 A CN93103967 A CN 93103967A CN 1093341 A CN1093341 A CN 1093341A
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- ice crystal
- water
- seawater
- crystallizing evaporator
- water separator
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of freezing and the evaporation method for desalting seawater and the device that combine are the triple point theories of utilizing water, and the process of cold method and desalinaition by evaporation seawater is combined in the device, utilize the vaporization absorption latent heat of water, make seawater icing.This device is made up of one group of vapor jet pump, crystallizing evaporator, ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, it is characterized in that, crystallizing evaporator is linked to each other by the ice crystal flow duct with ice crystal salt water separator, its top is connected with one group of vapor jet pump with pipeline, and the outlet at bottom pipe connection has the strong brine reservoir.Every evaporation 1 kg of water just can be tied 7.5 kilograms of ice.It is good in economic efficiency, and desalination water is pure.
Description
The invention belongs to the treatment process and the device of sea water desaltination, method for desalting seawater and device that particularly a kind of cold method and method of evaporation combine.
Existing method of evaporation comprises multistage flash evaporation method, vapour compression method, multiple-effect evaporation method, this class evaporation unit is the sea water desalinating plant by outside heat supply, so its energy consumption height, general water per ton needs 30 degree, need 8.2～9.4 degree at least, expensive 5.78～9.63 yuan of the water need per ton that reach of water price, the water rate of recovery is low, generally only is 50～70%.The multistage flash evaporation method that water production rate is maximum, 1 kg of vapor must could produce about 8 kilograms of fresh water, and its cost of equipment be very expensive through 7 grades of vaporizers.In addition, utilize the solar distilling method to desalinize seawater, though its energy consumption is lower, fixed investment is big, makes the water cost than general distillation method height.
Existing cold method is divided into two kinds of natural freezing method and refrigerant cold methods.Natural freezing method is that moisture content separates with salt when utilizing the solution natural coagulation, desalinizes seawater and reach, owing to be to utilize natural cryogenic condensation, so be subjected to the restriction when ground temperature, can not solve a large amount of sea water desaltinations throughout the year.Simultaneously,, be everlasting-10～-30 ℃, cause a large amount of salts,, can not satisfy the requirement of sanitary standard of drinking water so the fresh water saltiness of making is higher along with fresh water freezes together because external temperature is usually low excessively.The refrigerant cold method is divided into direct method and indirect method again, and it is to rely on extra power driving low-temperature refrigerant and seawater to carry out direct or indirect heat exchange, and seawater is freezing to freeze and make.This method utilizes refrigerant to reduce seawater temperature, and under cold condition, part seawater adiabatic vaporization reduces all the other seawater temperatures and freezes.Per 1 kg of water vaporization can make 7.5 kg of water freeze, so the institute of process energy requirement own is less approximately.But direct method can be icing with fresh water because of a small amount of refrigerant (commonly used have propane, normal butane, freonll-11), causes the fresh water pollution of drinking; Indirect method needs a large amount of pipelines, and is very uneconomical.
The objective of the invention is,, in the time of 0 ± 2 ℃, keep the corresponding evaporating pressure of water, make water under solid, liquid, vapour three-phase while existence condition, freeze and evaporate and carry out simultaneously according to the triple point theory of water.Evaporating 1 kg of water becomes steam, needs 600 kilocalories of latent heat of absorption, takes from the freezing heat (when per kilogram water build-ups ice, discharging 80 kilocalories of latent heat) that freezes and discharge of 7.5 kg of water, reaches the isolating purpose of salt and moisture content.The present invention be a kind of maintenance seawater under the triple point state, can carry out the freezing method and apparatus that freezes and flash to vapour simultaneously, to produce the ice crystal and the steam of desalination, realize the purpose of sea water desaltination.
The freezing sea water desalinating plant that combines with evaporation of the present invention, form by crystallizing evaporator, ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, it is characterized in that, the top of crystallizing evaporator and ice crystal salt water separator is connected with one group of vapor jet pump with pipeline, crystallizing evaporator is linked to each other by the ice crystal flow duct with ice crystal salt water separator, and the outlet at bottom pipe connection of crystallizing evaporator and ice crystal salt water separator has the strong brine reservoir;
The crystallizing evaporator middle part has been horizontally disposed with spray header, is connected with the seawater inlet duct, below the spray header at crystallizing evaporator middle part, is provided with the ice crystal flow duct, is connected with the top of ice crystal salt water separator;
Be provided with vibratory screening apparatus in the ice crystal salt water separator, the top is provided with open to atmosphere pipeline section, and the bottom is provided with fresh water vent pipe and flushing water inlet pipe;
Strong brine reservoir top has pipeline to be connected with vapor jet pump, and other is provided with open to atmosphere pipeline section, and water shoot is established in the bottom;
Vapor jet pump is provided with steam-in pipeline section and steam condensate outlet pipe section;
Ice crystal salt water separator can be provided with two, all is connected with the ice crystal flow duct with crystallizing evaporator, to use by turns;
On each road pipeline, be provided with the valve of dominant discharge, on crystallizing evaporator, ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, be provided with pressure, temperature and liquid (ice) position display instrument.
Method for desalting seawater of the present invention is:
Take out the system vacuum: start vapor jet pump, will vacuumize in crystallizing evaporator and the ice crystal salt water separator, the device internal pressure is stabilized near the force value of water triple point;
Spray seawater: seawater is pumped into crystallizing evaporator, regulate seawater flow, the control spray rate, keep in the crystallizing evaporator temperature at 0 ± 2 ℃, i.e. triple point of water, the seawater of spray is because pressure drop, the heat absorption of part water is vaporizated into 0 ℃ of steam, and the heat release of another part water crystallizes into ice crystal;
The ice crystal steam diversion: vapor portion is extracted out by vapor jet pump, becomes desalination water, through the condensation-water drain pipeline section, in the retention basin of income working boiler; Ice crystal partly flows in the ice crystal salt water separator by the ice crystal flow duct;
The screening of ice crystal salt solution: ice crystal enters in the ice crystal salt water separator, in the strong brine reservoir that a large amount of automatic inflows of salt solution have vacuumized, ice crystal adhere to and hole between remaining salt solution, come off through vibrosieve, also flow in the strong brine reservoir that has vacuumized, ice crystal is trapped on the interior vibratory screening apparatus of ice crystal salt water separator; In case of necessity, but the back flushing ice crystal breaks away from salinity;
Ice crystal liquefaction: the connecting tube of ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir is closed, be communicated with atmosphere simultaneously, under normal atmosphere and room temperature, ice crystal dissolves becomes liquid fresh water, discharges and collects, and finishes sea water desaltination.
Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation of the present invention has the following advantages:
At first be the triple point theory of utilizing water, the process of desalination by freezing seawater and desalinaition by evaporation seawater is combined in the sea water desalinating plant, utilize the vaporization (evaporation) of water to absorb latent heat, make seawater icing.Evaporation 1 kg of water will discharge 80 kilocalories of latent heat during the per kilogram water freezing, will absorb 600 kilocalories of latent heat during the evaporation of per kilogram water, so just can be tied 7.5 kilograms of ice.Simultaneously, the vaporize water steam that flashes to is under state of nature, and heat release becomes 1 kg of water and just can tie 7.5 kilograms of ice again.Simultaneously, the vaporize water steam that flashes to is under state of nature, and heat release becomes 1 kilogram of fresh water again.Because the mutual exchange of latent heat has produced 8.5 kilograms fresh water, its economic benefit outclass other method for desalting seawater.Adopt vapor jet pump to replace vacuum pump, when vacuumizing, promptly recyclable vaporize water steam does not need to adopt refrigeration, coagulation devices to reclaim vaporize water steam, can reduce sea water desalinating plant cost and operational and administrative expenses.Equipment is relatively sturdy and durable, and the equipment cycle of operation is long, and is easy to maintenance.Desalting process carries out at low temperatures, and pollution medium is few, and equipment fouling can not occur, and it is safe and reliable to turn round, and does not have exploding and pollution because of leakage causes of may occurring in the refrigerant cold method.Whole process is carried out in 0 ± 2 ℃ of scope, and it is purer that the ice of being tied dissolves into fresh water, and saltiness seldom can satisfy the requirement of tap water fully.The comprehensive utilization value height, the concentrated salt after the sea water desaltination is the fine industrial chemicals.The water temperature of desalination water itself low (being about 4 ℃) can be utilized in freezer is fresh-keeping, and desalination water per ton can absorb 20000 kilocalories of heats, amounts to about 25 kilowatts/hour of electric energy.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is freezing method for desalting seawater that combines with evaporation and device synoptic diagram.
As seen from the figure, the freezing sea water desalinating plant that combines with evaporation, form by crystallizing evaporator, ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, it is characterized in that, the top of crystallizing evaporator 1 and ice crystal salt water separator 2 is connected with one group of vapor jet pump 3 with pipeline, linked to each other by ice crystal flow duct 7 between crystallizing evaporator and the ice crystal salt water separator, the outlet at bottom pipe connection of crystallizing evaporator and ice crystal salt water separator has strong brine reservoir 4;
The crystallizing evaporator middle part has been horizontally disposed with spray header 5, is connected with seawater inlet duct 6, below the spray header at crystallizing evaporator middle part, is provided with ice crystal flow duct 7, is connected with the top of ice crystal salt water separator;
Be provided with vibratory screening apparatus 8 in the ice crystal salt water separator, the top is provided with open to atmosphere pipeline section 9, and the bottom is provided with fresh water vent pipe 10 and back flushing water inlet pipe 15;
Strong brine reservoir top duct 11 is connected with vapor jet pump, pipeline section 16 logical atmosphere, and water shoot 12 is established in the bottom;
Vapor jet pump is provided with steam-in pipeline section 13 and steam condensate outlet pipe section 14;
Ice crystal salt water separator is provided with two, uses by turns, all is connected with ice crystal flow duct 7 with crystallizing evaporator.
Method for desalting seawater of the present invention is:
Take out the system vacuum: start vapor jet pump,, make the device internal pressure be stabilized in the 610.6Pa(4.58mm mercury column with vacuumizing in crystallizing evaporator and the ice crystal salt water separator), promptly near the force value of water triple point;
Spray seawater: seawater is pumped into crystallizing evaporator, regulate seawater flow, the control spray rate, keep in the crystallizing evaporator temperature at 0 ± 2 ℃, i.e. triple point of water, the seawater of spray is because pressure drop, the heat absorption of part water is vaporizated into 0 ℃ of steam, and the heat release of another part water crystallizes into ice crystal;
The ice crystal steam diversion: vapor portion is extracted out by vapor jet pump, becomes desalination water, through the condensation-water drain pipeline section, in the retention basin of income working boiler; Ice crystal partly flows in the ice crystal salt water separator by the ice crystal flow duct;
The screening of ice crystal salt solution: ice crystal enters in the ice crystal salt water separator, in the strong brine reservoir that a large amount of automatic inflows of salt solution have vacuumized, ice crystal adhere to and hole between remaining salt solution, come off through vibrosieve, also flow in the strong brine reservoir that has vacuumized, ice crystal is trapped on the interior vibratory screening apparatus of ice crystal salt water separator; In case of necessity, but the back flushing ice crystal breaks away from salinity;
Ice crystal liquefaction: the connecting tube of ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir is closed, be communicated with atmosphere simultaneously, under normal atmosphere and room temperature, ice crystal dissolves becomes liquid fresh water, discharges and collects, and finishes sea water desaltination.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of freezing sea water desalinating plant that combines with evaporation, form by crystallizing evaporator, ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, it is characterized in that, the top of crystallizing evaporator 1 and ice crystal salt water separator 2 is connected with one group of vapor jet pump 3 with pipeline, crystallizing evaporator is connected by the ice crystal flow duct with ice crystal salt water separator, and the outlet at bottom pipe connection of crystallizing evaporator and ice crystal salt water separator has strong brine reservoir 4;
The crystallizing evaporator middle part has been horizontally disposed with spray header 5, is connected with seawater inlet duct 6, below the spray header at crystallizing evaporator middle part, is provided with ice crystal flow duct 7, is connected with the top of ice crystal salt water separator;
Be provided with vibratory screening apparatus 8 in the ice crystal salt water separator, the top is provided with open to atmosphere pipeline section 9, and the bottom is provided with fresh water vent pipe 10 and back flushing water inlet pipe 15.
Strong brine reservoir top duct 11 is connected with vapor jet pump, pipeline section 16 logical atmosphere, and water shoot 12 is established in the bottom;
Vapor jet pump is provided with steam-in pipeline section 13 and steam condensate outlet pipe section 14.
2, the freezing sea water desalinating plant that combines with evaporation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with two ice crystal salt water separators that use by turns, all is connected with ice crystal flow duct 7 with crystallizing evaporator.
3, a kind of freezing method for desalting seawater that combines with evaporation, its technological process is:
Take out the system vacuum: start vapor jet pump, will vacuumize in crystallizing evaporator and the ice crystal salt water separator, the device internal pressure is stabilized near the force value of water triple point;
Spray seawater: seawater is pumped into crystallizing evaporator, regulate seawater flow, the control spray rate, keep in the crystallizing evaporator temperature at 0 ± 2 ℃, i.e. triple point of water, the seawater of spray is because pressure drop, the heat absorption of part water is vaporizated into 0 ℃ of steam, and the heat release of another part water crystallizes into ice crystal;
The ice crystal steam diversion: vapor portion is extracted out by vapor jet pump, becomes desalination water, through the condensation-water drain pipeline section, in the retention basin of income working boiler; Ice crystal partly flows in the ice crystal salt water separator by the ice crystal flow duct;
The screening of ice crystal salt solution: ice crystal enters in the ice crystal salt water separator, in the strong brine reservoir that a large amount of automatic inflows of salt solution have vacuumized, ice crystal adhere to and hole between remaining salt solution, come off through vibrosieve, also flow in the strong brine reservoir that has vacuumized, ice crystal is trapped on the interior vibratory screening apparatus of ice crystal salt water separator;
Ice crystal liquefaction: with the closedown of pipeline of ice crystal salt water separator and strong brine reservoir, be communicated with atmosphere simultaneously, under normal atmosphere and room temperature, ice crystal dissolves becomes liquid fresh water, discharges and collects, and finishes sea water desaltination.
4, the freezing method for desalting seawater that combines with evaporation as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, after the screening of ice crystal salt solution, the back flushing ice crystal breaks away from salinity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93103967A CN1093341A (en) | 1993-04-07 | 1993-04-07 | Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93103967A CN1093341A (en) | 1993-04-07 | 1993-04-07 | Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1093341A true CN1093341A (en) | 1994-10-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93103967A Pending CN1093341A (en) | 1993-04-07 | 1993-04-07 | Freezing method for desalting seawater and the device that combines with evaporation |
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| CN (1) | CN1093341A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100445214C (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2008-12-24 | 张东新 | Household seawater desalting method and equipment |
| CN101475280B (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2011-11-23 | 深圳市环境工程科学技术中心 | Zero discharge wastewater treatment method, liquid membrane crystal wastewater evaporator and application system |
| CN102535578A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 天津大学 | Method for controlling stability of water quality of desalinated sea water and tap water mixed in municipal water supply network |
| CN103408077A (en) * | 2003-12-27 | 2013-11-27 | 任文林 | Seawater desalination and pipeline water transfer |
| CN103739024A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Device and method for desalting seawater by gasified absorption heat of liquefied natural gas |
| CN104085946A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-08 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Freezing method based seawater desalinization and ice-water separation device |
| CN104692575A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-10 | 内蒙古久科康瑞环保科技有限公司 | Crystallization treatment method and device of high salt wastewater |
| CN104925887A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 极次能源有限公司 | Seawater refrigeration desalination device |
| CN105036228A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中山环保产业股份有限公司 | Low temperature freezing and sublimating equipment for treating high-salinity wastewater |
| CN107485874A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2017-12-19 | 格雷迪安特公司 | Reverse-flow heat/mass exchange feedback control |
| CN112791438A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 魏永阳 | Cold energy desalination system and process for treating salt water |
| CN113526601A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 东南大学 | Seawater desalination system based on runner deep dehumidification |
-
1993
- 1993-04-07 CN CN93103967A patent/CN1093341A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103408077A (en) * | 2003-12-27 | 2013-11-27 | 任文林 | Seawater desalination and pipeline water transfer |
| CN100445214C (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2008-12-24 | 张东新 | Household seawater desalting method and equipment |
| CN101475280B (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2011-11-23 | 深圳市环境工程科学技术中心 | Zero discharge wastewater treatment method, liquid membrane crystal wastewater evaporator and application system |
| CN102535578A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 天津大学 | Method for controlling stability of water quality of desalinated sea water and tap water mixed in municipal water supply network |
| CN107485874A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2017-12-19 | 格雷迪安特公司 | Reverse-flow heat/mass exchange feedback control |
| CN107485874B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2020-06-05 | 格雷迪安特公司 | Counter-flow heat/mass exchange feedback control |
| CN103739024A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Device and method for desalting seawater by gasified absorption heat of liquefied natural gas |
| CN104925887A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 极次能源有限公司 | Seawater refrigeration desalination device |
| CN104085946A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-08 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Freezing method based seawater desalinization and ice-water separation device |
| CN104692575A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-10 | 内蒙古久科康瑞环保科技有限公司 | Crystallization treatment method and device of high salt wastewater |
| CN104692575B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-02-22 | 内蒙古久科康瑞环保科技有限公司 | Crystallization treatment method and device of high salt wastewater |
| CN105036228B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-06-13 | 中山市环保产业有限公司 | A kind of cryogenic freezing sublimation apparatus for processing high-salt wastewater |
| CN105036228A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中山环保产业股份有限公司 | Low temperature freezing and sublimating equipment for treating high-salinity wastewater |
| CN112791438A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 魏永阳 | Cold energy desalination system and process for treating salt water |
| CN113526601A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 东南大学 | Seawater desalination system based on runner deep dehumidification |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| CI02 | Correction of invention patent application |
Correction item: Applicant Correct: Shanghai Nanyang Water Supply &. Drainage Engineering Techn. Co. False: Nanze Water-Supply & Sewerage Engineering Tech. Corp., Shanghai Page: 1 |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: NANZE WATER-SUPPLY + SEWERAGE ENGINEERING TECH. CORP., SHANGHAI TO: NANYANG WATER-SUPPLY + SEWERAGE ENGINEERING TECH. CORP., SHANGHAI |
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| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |