CN109268866B - Medium speed pulverizer directly blows formula buggy combustion system suitable for high moisture coal type - Google Patents
Medium speed pulverizer directly blows formula buggy combustion system suitable for high moisture coal type Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268866B CN109268866B CN201811037682.8A CN201811037682A CN109268866B CN 109268866 B CN109268866 B CN 109268866B CN 201811037682 A CN201811037682 A CN 201811037682A CN 109268866 B CN109268866 B CN 109268866B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/007—Regulating air supply or draught using mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/1003—Processes to make pulverulent fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/20—Drying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of power industry, and particularly relates to a direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of a medium-speed coal mill, which is suitable for high-moisture coal types and comprises an air preheater, a blower, a pulverized coal burner, a medium-speed coal mill and a shade separator; the air feeder is connected with the air preheater, the air preheater is divided into a primary air channel and a secondary air channel, the primary air channel is connected with an inlet of the medium-speed coal mill, the secondary air channel is connected with the pulverized coal burner, a thick-thin separator is connected at an outlet of the medium-speed coal mill, a thick-phase outlet of the thick-thin separator is connected with the pulverized coal burner, and a thin-phase outlet is connected into the secondary air channel and directly introduced into the pulverized coal burner. The invention not only solves the drying problem of high-moisture raw coal, but also solves the problem of overhigh primary air rate in the drying process, and realizes the application of the medium-speed coal mill in the high-moisture raw coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power industry, and particularly relates to a direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of a medium-speed coal mill, which is suitable for high-moisture coal types.
Background
In the field of pulverized coal boilers, medium-speed coal mills or steel ball mills are generally used as pulverizing equipment for coal with not high water content. For coal with higher moisture content (e.g., greater than 35% moisture in coal), fan mills are typically used. Medium speed coal mills and fan mills each have their advantages and disadvantages, while medium speed coal mills have some advantages over fan mills in certain technological areas and in operational and maintenance costs. But the drying capacity and the primary air rate are not too high, and the medium-speed coal mill is difficult to be applied to high-moisture coal. Therefore, the development of the medium-speed coal mill applied to high-moisture coal quality is a development direction in the boiler industry at present.
In a commonly used medium speed mill system, hot air at the outlet of an air preheater (referred to simply as an air preheater) is used to dry raw coal. The higher the moisture in the coal, the higher the temperature and flow of hot air required. When the moisture content in the coal reaches a certain content (for example, more than 35 percent), even if the tubular air preheater is connected in series behind the rotary air preheater, the flow of hot air for drying the raw coal is still overlarge, and can be more than 40 percent. The nitrogen oxide emission caused by overlarge primary air rate can be obviously increased, the secondary air speed is low due to overlow secondary air flow, and the nozzle of the combustor and the hearth are seriously slag-bonded. For a medium speed coal mill system with a dense-dilute separation device, the problems can also occur if a dilute phase enters a dilute phase combustor for combustion; if the dilute phase is directly discharged into the atmosphere, the physical heat of the dilute phase and the chemical heat of a small amount of pulverized coal contained in the dilute phase are lost, which has a negative effect on the boiler efficiency and also causes environmental pollution.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN102840594A discloses a direct-blowing pulverizing system of a medium-speed coal mill for drying lignite by flue gas, which comprises a medium-speed coal mill, a pulverized coal distributor, a blower, a sealing fan and an air preheater arranged in a flue of a boiler, wherein the pulverized coal distributor is connected between a coarse powder separator and a burner at an outlet of the medium-speed coal mill, the blower is connected with the air preheater, the air preheater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the burner, the sealing fan is connected with a sealing air port of the medium-speed coal mill, a coal inlet at the top of the medium-speed coal mill is connected with a drying device, the top of the drying device is provided with a coal inlet and a high-temperature flue gas desiccant inlet, the bottom of the drying device is provided with a coal outlet, the side surface of the bottom of the; a light-phase hot air mixer is arranged between the coarse powder separator and the pulverized coal distributor, and the other path of the air preheater is connected with the light-phase hot air mixer. According to the scheme, the moisture in the lignite is controlled through the drying device, and meanwhile, the exhaust of the drying device is sent to the air inlet of the medium-speed coal mill by the powder discharge fan to replace hot air to serve as a drying agent and a powder conveying medium required by the operation of the medium-speed coal mill. Although the technical scheme can remove moisture in coal and solve the moisture problem in the face of high-moisture coal dust, a large amount of drying agents are needed to be used as raw materials and are continuously replaced, and the combustion problem is still not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of a medium-speed coal mill, which is suitable for high-moisture coal, not only solves the drying problem of high-moisture raw coal, but also solves the problem of overhigh primary air rate in the drying process, and realizes the application of the medium-speed coal mill in the high-moisture raw coal.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of a medium-speed coal mill suitable for high-moisture coal comprises an air preheater, a blower, a pulverized coal burner, the medium-speed coal mill and a shade separator; the air feeder is connected with the air preheater, the air preheater is divided into a primary air channel and a secondary air channel, the primary air channel is connected with an inlet of the medium-speed coal mill, the secondary air channel is connected with the pulverized coal burner, a thick-thin separator is connected at an outlet of the medium-speed coal mill, a thick-phase outlet of the thick-thin separator is connected with the pulverized coal burner, and a thin-phase outlet is connected into the secondary air channel and directly introduced into the pulverized coal burner.
After the air preheater is used for heating, the temperature of hot air is not less than 300 ℃.
And a separation burnout air channel is arranged in the secondary air channel, is positioned behind the air preheater and is connected into the front of the joint of the secondary air channel.
And a cold air bypass air channel is also connected between the primary air channel and the inlet of the air preheater, and an adjusting baffle is arranged on the cold air bypass air channel.
And a primary air fan is also arranged on the primary air channel.
The concentration separator adopts a spiral-flow type concentration separator.
The temperature of the hot air mixed with the fresh air in the secondary air duct is 200-350 ℃.
And an adjusting baffle is arranged at the joint where the light phase enters the secondary air duct and is used for adjusting the air volume of the light phase.
Cold air in the environment enters an air preheater through a blower, and heated hot air passes through a primary air channel and a secondary air channel respectively after being heated by the air preheater; hot air in the primary air duct enters a medium-speed coal mill to dry raw coal in the coal mill; the coal powder in the medium-speed coal mill enters a dense-dilute separator under the drive of hot air in a primary air channel, a dense phase and a dilute phase are formed through separation, the dense phase is introduced into a coal powder burner through a powder conveying pipeline, the concentration of the coal powder in the dense phase is high, and the dilute phase is conveyed into a secondary air channel through a dilute phase fan and is directly introduced into the coal powder burner after being mixed with the hot air in the secondary air channel.
The hot air in the primary air duct is introduced into the medium-speed coal mill, the hot air is utilized to heat the coal powder in the drying and grinding process of raw coal, meanwhile, the water is converted into the water vapor, the water in the coal powder can be effectively reduced, the concentrated phase with high coal powder content is added into the coal powder burner through the concentrated-dilute separator, meanwhile, the dilute phase with low coal powder content is introduced into the secondary air duct through the dilute-phase fan, mixed with the hot air in the secondary air duct and then introduced into the coal powder burner. Because the concentration of the pulverized coal in the concentrated phase is high, the ignition temperature and the stable combustion capability in the pulverized coal burner can be ensured; meanwhile, a part of hot air in the primary air channel for drying raw coal enters the secondary air channel through the light-phase fan, so that the primary air rate entering the pulverized coal burner can be ensured to be at a normal level. The method solves the problem that the existing high-moisture raw coal cannot be dried by a medium-speed coal mill, and also solves the problem of nitrogen-oxygen combustion of hot air for drying the high-moisture raw coal in a pulverized coal burner; the low-nitrogen combustion of the combustor can be guaranteed, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
The hot air of the secondary air channel is mixed with the fresh air to form hot air containing a small amount of pulverized coal, the concentration of the pulverized coal in the air can be controlled due to the existence of the thick-thin separator, the safety of the secondary air channel is not influenced, the fresh air can be supplemented to the air of the secondary air channel, the air rate of the pulverized coal at the entrance of the pulverized coal burner can be effectively improved, and the problem of insufficient secondary air rate in the high-moisture pulverized coal treatment process is effectively solved. The water vapor contained in the dilute phase has low content after mixing, does not have great negative effect on combustion, and can reduce the overall temperature, reduce nitrogen-oxygen combustion and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides due to the large specific heat capacity of the water vapor.
The cold air bypass pipe is used for connecting the air feeder and the medium-speed coal mill, can directly mix cold air in front of the air preheater with hot air in the primary air duct, and regulates and controls the air temperature at the inlet of the medium-speed coal mill; the thick and thin separator adopts the spiral-flow type thick and thin separator, can realize the condition to different combustor layer pulverized coal concentrations through adjusting blade inclination, can be with the control of the interior buggy content of light looks at minimum simultaneously.
Before the fresh air passes through the connecting port of the secondary air duct, the interface separating the over-fire air and the secondary air duct is ensured not to be influenced by the fresh air.
The invention solves the problem that the drying effect of high-moisture raw coal in a medium-speed coal mill is poor, and also solves the problem that a large amount of oxynitride is generated due to overlarge hot air rate required by drying the high-moisture raw coal; the dilute phase is communicated into the secondary air channel through the dilute-concentrated separator, so that the temperature of the concentrated phase during combustion is reduced due to low oxygen supply, a low-nitrogen combustion system is formed by controlling air classification, and the secondary air rate is increased by mixing the secondary air quantity with the dilute phase, so that the air speed and rigidity of the furnace are increased conditionally, delayed combustion can be organized, and the formation of furnace slag can be reduced.
The invention is not only suitable for high-moisture raw coal, but also suitable for low-moisture raw coal: and closing a dilute phase outlet, wherein the coal powder in the medium-speed coal mill enters a concentrated-dilute separator under the drive of hot air in a primary air channel to be separated into a concentrated phase and a dilute phase, the concentrated phase is introduced into the coal powder burner through a powder feeding pipeline, the concentration of the coal powder in the concentrated phase is higher, the content of the coal powder in the dilute phase is lower, meanwhile, light-phase air is fed into the powder feeding pipeline to enter the coal powder burner, and the hot air in a secondary air channel is directly introduced into the coal powder burner.
The invention not only solves the drying problem of high-moisture raw coal, but also solves the problem of overhigh primary air rate in the drying process, and realizes the application of the medium-speed coal mill in the high-moisture raw coal.
The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system provided by the invention not only can be suitable for the combustion treatment of high-moisture raw coal, but also can be used for the combustion of low-moisture raw coal, and has stronger practicability and wider application range.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the claims.
Example 1
A direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of a medium-speed coal mill suitable for high-moisture coal comprises an air preheater, a blower, a pulverized coal burner, the medium-speed coal mill and a shade separator; the air feeder is connected with the air preheater, the air preheater is divided into a primary air channel and a secondary air channel, the primary air channel is connected with an inlet of the medium-speed coal mill, the secondary air channel is connected with the pulverized coal burner, a thick-thin separator is connected at an outlet of the medium-speed coal mill, a thick-phase outlet of the thick-thin separator is connected with the pulverized coal burner, and a thin-phase outlet is connected into the secondary air channel and directly introduced into the pulverized coal burner. The medium-speed coal mill and the thick-thin separator are connected by a pulverized coal pipeline, the pulverized coal pipeline is designed in a reduction mode, and the thick-thin separator adopts a cyclone blade type pulverized coal thick-thin separator; the outlet of the dense phase is connected to the combustor through the pulverized coal branch pipe, and the outlet of the dilute phase is lifted by the air pressure of the fan and is sent into the secondary air duct, so that the secondary air quantity is increased, and then the secondary air enters the secondary air nozzle of the combustor, and the flow rate and the rigidity of the secondary air are ensured.
In the embodiment, 4 coal dust branch pipes are used for connecting primary air nozzles in the coal dust burner, the coal dust concentration in each branch pipe is controlled to be basically consistent, and the coal dust content in a dilute phase is controlled to be below 10%.
The adjusting baffle can adjust the flow of the dilute phase, thereby adjusting the flow entering the secondary air duct and the total secondary air quantity. The temperature is reduced after the secondary air is mixed with the light phase, the steam content is slightly increased, and a small amount of coal dust is contained. In this example, for coal quality with 43% of pulverized coal moisture and 12.9MJ/kg of lower calorific value, raw coal was dried to 20% of moisture content, and the primary air rate entering the coal mill was 55%. Leading out the light phase with the air rate of 20 percent and sending the light phase into a secondary air duct, wherein the temperature of the mixed secondary air is 200 ℃, the steam content is not more than 3 percent, and the coal powder content is not more than 0.045 kg/kg. At this time, the primary air rate entering the primary air nozzle of the burner is only 35%, the temperature of the hot air is 340 ℃, and the temperature of the thick-thin separator is 60 ℃.
In the embodiment, the medium-speed coal mill is adopted to replace a fan coal mill, and meanwhile, equipment such as a high-temperature furnace smoke pumping pipe matched with the fan coal mill is omitted, so that the overall investment cost and maintenance cost are reduced.
In the embodiment, the high-moisture pulverized coal with 43% of pulverized coal moisture and 12.9MJ/kg of low calorific value is converted into the low-moisture pulverized coal with 20% of moisture, and the primary air rate is only 35%, so that the burner is ensured to keep low-nitrogen combustion, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
Example 2
Compared with example 1, the difference is only: raw coal powder with 38 percent of coal powder water content and 13.9MJ/kg of low calorific value is adopted.
Example 3
Compared with example 1, the difference is only: raw coal powder with 35.1% of coal powder moisture and 14.3MJ/kg of heat value is adopted.
Example 4
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is only that the pipeline between the dilute phase outlet and the secondary air channel is closed, and the raw coal pulverized coal with 10 percent of coal water and 20MJ/kg of heat value is adopted
The embodiment 1-3 shows that the invention fills the application of the medium-speed coal mill in high-moisture coal, ensures the combustion of coal powder and effectively reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides.
Embodiment 4 can see that the pulverized coal combustion system provided by the invention can be suitable for combustion treatment of high-moisture raw coal, can also be used for combustion of low-moisture raw coal, and has the advantages of stronger practicability and wider application range.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted equally as well to achieve the same technical result; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a medium speed coal pulverizer directly blows formula buggy combustion system suitable for high moisture coal type which characterized in that: comprises an air preheater, a blower, a pulverized coal burner, a medium-speed coal mill and a shade separator; the air feeder is connected with the air preheater, the air preheater is divided into a primary air channel and a secondary air channel, the primary air channel is connected with an inlet of the medium-speed coal mill, the secondary air channel is connected with the pulverized coal burner, an outlet of the medium-speed coal mill is connected with the rich-lean separator, a dense-phase outlet of the rich-lean separator is connected with the pulverized coal burner, and a lean-phase outlet is connected into the secondary air channel and directly introduced into the pulverized coal burner;
the specific process of the system is as follows: cold air in the environment enters the air preheater through the air feeder and is heated by the air preheater; the heated hot air respectively passes through the primary air duct and the secondary air duct; hot air in the primary air duct enters a medium-speed coal mill to dry raw coal in the coal mill; the coal powder in the medium-speed coal mill enters a dense-dilute separator under the drive of hot air in a primary air channel, a dense phase and a dilute phase are formed through separation, the dense phase is introduced into a coal powder burner through a powder conveying pipeline, the concentration of the coal powder in the dense phase is high, and the dilute phase is conveyed into a secondary air channel through a dilute phase fan and is directly introduced into the coal powder burner after being mixed with the hot air in the secondary air channel.
2. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after the air preheater is used for heating, the temperature of hot air is not less than 300 ℃.
3. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a separation burnout air channel is arranged in the secondary air channel, is positioned behind the air preheater and is connected into the front of the joint of the secondary air channel.
4. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a cold air bypass air channel is also connected between the primary air channel and the inlet of the air preheater, and an adjusting baffle is arranged on the cold air bypass air channel.
5. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a primary air fan is also arranged on the primary air channel.
6. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration separator adopts a spiral-flow type concentration separator.
7. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of the coal powder added into the concentration-dilution separator is 60-120 ℃.
8. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of the hot air mixed with the fresh air in the secondary air duct is 200-350 ℃.
9. The direct-blowing pulverized coal combustion system of the medium-speed coal mill suitable for the high-moisture coal types, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and an adjusting baffle is arranged at the joint where the light phase enters the secondary air duct and is used for adjusting the air volume of the light phase.
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JPS60105819A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-06-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Control method of air preheater |
JPS62134416A (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1987-06-17 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Method of combustion in powdered coal boiler |
JP2677825B2 (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1997-11-17 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Pulverized coal combustion equipment |
JPH0560304A (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1993-03-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Petroleum/coke burning boiler |
JPH08320103A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1996-12-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Primary air temperature control method for coal fired boiler and device used therefor |
DE19732219C2 (en) * | 1996-08-03 | 2003-03-27 | Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh | Process for operating a coal-fired steam generator and device for carrying out the process |
CN101782237B (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-06-15 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Medium-speed coal-mill direct-firing pulverizing combustion system for burning high-moisture lignite |
CN204648289U (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-16 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Separate air pre-heating system |
CN104990097B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-12-08 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 | It is a kind of to improve the method that high sodium coal stains coking that uses |
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