CN109239773A - A kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves - Google Patents
A kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN109239773A CN109239773A CN201811063530.5A CN201811063530A CN109239773A CN 109239773 A CN109239773 A CN 109239773A CN 201811063530 A CN201811063530 A CN 201811063530A CN 109239773 A CN109239773 A CN 109239773A
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/288—Event detection in seismic signals, e.g. microseismics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/32—Transforming one recording into another or one representation into another
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, its energy for enhancing higher order mode Rayleigh waves with amplitude equalization using normalization, specifically includes the following steps: earthquake data acquisition, f-k transformation generation frequency wave-number spectrum, projection generate the complex signal of m- distance domain when frequency dispersion energy spectrum, normalized, amplitude equalization handle, the energy group of identification higher order mode Rayleigh waves, separate higher order mode Rayleigh waves, back projection obtains frequency wave-number spectrum, f-k inverse transformation obtains, the real part of complex signal taken to rebuild higher order mode Rayleigh waves.The invention has the beneficial effects that: method for reconstructing provided by the invention can obtain the wave field of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, and then the precision of Rayleigh wave survey can be improved, and have very positive meaning to Practical Project detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for reconstructing of Rayleigh waves, and in particular to a kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves,
Belong to Engineering seismic prospeCting technical field.
Background technique
The seismic body wave of excitation is propagated in the underground space, when the Free Surface that this is special along earth's surface is propagated, due to P wave
With the interference of SV wave, a kind of only wave special but common existing for the surface layer will be generated, " rayleigh surface wave " or " ground roll are called
Wave (Ground-roll) " is usually just " surface wave ".In general seismic prospecting, surface wave is all counted as interference wave.
Rayleigh waves are one kind of elastic surface wave in seismic wave, are propagated along earth Free Surface, in its matter of the superficial part of near surface
The oscillation trajectory of point is ellipse counterclockwise, and elliptical ratio of semi-minor axis length is 3:2.
The speed and frequency dependence that Rayleigh waves are propagated, there are dispersion phenomenons, and frequency dispersion has the characteristics that multi-mode, i.e., auspicious thunder
The a certain frequency of wave corresponds to multiple speed, and Rayleigh waves are divided into base rank mode, the first high-order mode generally according to speed is ascending
Formula, second higher order mode ... and so on.The dispersion curve of multistage mode Rayleigh waves is as shown in Figure 1.Accurately obtain Rayleigh waves
Multistage dispersion curve, can be in the hope of the elastic parameter of stratum different depth.
In practice, the base rank mode of Rayleigh waves and higher order mode are together with aliasing in time-domain, and base rank mould
Formula signal accounts for leading, and precision is lower during processing for aliasing signal, and usually has ignored the energy of higher order mode Rayleigh waves signal
Amount brings biggish error to Practical Project detection.
In order to improve the precision and resolution ratio of Rayleigh wave survey, need auspicious to the higher order mode that energy in aliasing signal is weaker
Leibo signal is rebuild, and the process of reconstruction needs to convert using f-k, specific as follows:
Original time-distance domain earthquake record is transformed into frequency-speed domain, in frequency-speed domain, different mode
Rayleigh waves will appear as different energy groups, irising out energy group respectively can be realized modal cutoff.
However, the above method only has preferable effect to the reconstruction of base rank mode Rayleigh waves, to higher order mode Rayleigh waves
Reconstruction effect it is poor because the higher order mode energy of Rayleigh waves is weaker, the meeting in frequency dispersion energy spectrum in real seismic record
It is compressed, a part of useful signal, the high-order extracted after reconstruction can be lost when separating the energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves
Mode Rayleigh waves dispersion curve also will be inaccurate, and then can carry out biggish error to underground structure surveying tape.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of reconstruction sides of higher order mode Rayleigh waves
Method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, which is characterized in that enhance height using normalization and amplitude equalization
The energy of rank mode Rayleigh waves, specifically includes the following steps:
Step1: earthquake data acquisition
At Rayleigh waves engineering soundings scene, establish one by multiple tracks geophone group at observation system, observation obtains multiple tracks
Earthquake record d (x, t)；
Step2:f-k transformation
Multitrace seismogram d (x, t) in Step1 is spatially carried out to expand zero padding processing, is then become again by f-k
It changes and generates frequency wave-number spectrum；
Step3: projection
Frequency wavenumber domain signal interpolation is projected into frequency-speed domain, generate seismic signal frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f,
v)；
Step4: normalization
To frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) into normalized；
Step5: amplitude equalization
Amplitude equalization processing is carried out to the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) after normalization, finds out higher order mode Rayleigh waves energy group
Frequency band is most wide, the strongest calculated result of energy, is denoted as new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v)；
Step6: pattern-recognition
The energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves is marked on new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v), and records energy group range
The frequency and speed coordinate that interior each pair of point is answered；
Step7: modal cutoff
The coordinate recorded using Step6, marks corresponding higher order mode energy on original frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v)
Then the rest part of D (f, v) is assigned 0 value, obtains D ' (f, v) by part；
Step8: back projection
Will contain only higher order mode energy D ' (f, v) interpolated projections return frequency wavenumber domain, obtain frequency wave-number spectrum D ' (f,
k)；
Step9:f-k inverse transformation
F-k inverse transformation is done to D ' (f, k), the complex signal d of m- distance domain when obtainingcomplex(x,t)；
Step10: higher order mode is rebuild
Take complex signal dcomplexThe real part of (x, t), and deletion is due to more after expanding the road n that zero padding generates in Step2
Remaining record records d to get higher order mode Rayleigh waves individual into time-domainhigher-order(x,t)。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: method for reconstructing provided by the invention is enhanced using normalization and amplitude equalization
The energy of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, can obtain the wave field of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, and then the essence of Rayleigh wave survey can be improved
Degree has very positive meaning to Practical Project detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the dispersion curve of multistage mode Rayleigh waves；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves of the invention；
Fig. 3 is m- distance domain multitrace seismogram when observation system obtains；
Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum for the frequency wavenumber domain that multitrace seismogram obtains after processing；
Fig. 5 is the energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves；
Fig. 6 is the frequency wave-number spectrum for containing only higher order mode Rayleigh waves；
Fig. 7 is to rebuild individual higher order mode Rayleigh waves record in obtained time-domain.
Specific embodiment
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 2, the method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves provided by the invention is increased using normalization and amplitude equalization
The energy of strong higher order mode Rayleigh waves, specifically includes the following steps:
Step1: earthquake data acquisition
At Rayleigh waves engineering sounding scene, along an a wave detector x of arrangement of measuring-line n (n > 48)1、x2、x3、…、xn, these
Geophone group is at observation system.
Ground is tapped by weight in survey line one end and generates seismic signal, acquires seismic data using observation system, each
Wave detector records 1024 sampled points, sample frequency 1000Hz, when acquisition m- distance domain multitrace seismogram, be denoted as d
(x,t)。
The when m- distance domain multitrace seismogram that observation system obtains is as shown in Figure 3.
Step2:f-k transformation
Multitrace seismogram d (x, t) in Step1 is spatially carried out to expand zero padding processing, obtains 128 trace records
Signal obtains d wherein the record after n-th zeroizesnew(x, t) is then converted using f-k by dnew(x, t) transforms to frequency
Rate-wave-number domain generates frequency wave-number spectrum, is denoted as D (f, k).
The energy spectrum of the frequency wavenumber domain obtained after f-k is converted is as shown in Figure 4.
Step3: projection
Using the relationship k=f/v of wave number k and speed v, frequency wavenumber domain signal interpolation is projected into frequency-speed domain,
Obtain the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) of seismic signal.
Step4: normalization
To the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) in frequency-speed domain into normalized, maximum value is made to become 1.
Step5: amplitude equalization
Amplitude equalization processing is carried out to the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) after normalization, using the method for seeking n times power, tool
Body is as follows:
T(v,f)=[D(v.f)]n
In formula, n is values of powers, and constant of the value between (0,1) can attempt multiple values, comparison meter in specific calculate
The effect of calculation, and find out that higher order mode Rayleigh waves energy group frequency band is most wide, the strongest calculated result of energy, it is denoted as new frequency dispersion energy
Amount spectrum T (f, v).
Amplitude equalization processing can keep the integrality of higher order mode Rayleigh waves energy spectrum.
Step6: pattern-recognition
The energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves is marked on new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v), and records energy group range
The frequency and speed coordinate (f that interior each pair of point is answered1,v1)、(f2,v2)、(f3,v3)、…、(fn,vn)。
The energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves is as shown in the range that closed curve is irised out in Fig. 5.
Step7: modal cutoff
Coordinate (the f recorded using Step61,v1)、(f2,v2)、(f3,v3)、…、(fn,vn), in original frequency dispersion energy spectrum
Corresponding higher order mode energy part is marked on D (f, v), and the rest part of D (f, v) is then assigned into 0 value, obtains D ' (f, v).
Step8: back projection
Using the relationship k=f/v of speed and wave number, D ' (f, the v) interpolated projections for containing only higher order mode energy are returned into frequency-
Wave-number domain obtains frequency wave-number spectrum, is denoted as D ' (f, k).
The frequency wave-number spectrum for containing only higher order mode Rayleigh waves is as shown in Figure 6.
Step9:f-k inverse transformation
F-k inverse transformation is done to D ' (f, k), the complex signal d of m- distance domain when obtainingcomplex(x,t)。
Step10: higher order mode is rebuild
Take complex signal dcomplexThe real part of (x, t), and deletion is due to more after expanding the road n that zero padding generates in Step1
Remaining record records d to get higher order mode Rayleigh waves individual into time-domainhigher-order(x,t)。
Finally, individually higher order mode Rayleigh waves record in the time-domain obtained using method for reconstructing provided by the invention
dhigher-order(x, t) is as shown in Figure 7.
It can be seen that method for reconstructing provided by the invention enhances higher order mode Rayleigh waves using normalization and amplitude equalization
Energy, can obtain the wave field of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, and then the precision of Rayleigh wave survey can be improved, and detect to Practical Project
With very positive meaning.
It should be noted that the above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form, it is all to use equivalent replacement or equivalent change
The mode changed technical solution obtained, falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves, which is characterized in that enhance high-order using normalization and amplitude equalization
The energy of mode Rayleigh waves, specifically includes the following steps:
Step1: earthquake data acquisition
At Rayleigh waves engineering soundings scene, establish one by multiple tracks geophone group at observation system, observation obtains multiple tracks earthquake
It records d (x, t)；
Step2:f-k transformation
Multitrace seismogram d (x, t) in Step1 is spatially carried out to expand zero padding processing, is then converted and is given birth to by f-k again
At frequency wave-number spectrum；
Step3: projection
Frequency wavenumber domain signal interpolation is projected into frequency-speed domain, generates the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) of seismic signal；
Step4: normalization
To frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) into normalized；
Step5: amplitude equalization
Amplitude equalization processing is carried out to the frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v) after normalization, finds out higher order mode Rayleigh waves energy group frequency band
Most wide, the strongest calculated result of energy, is denoted as new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v)；
Step6: pattern-recognition
The energy group of higher order mode Rayleigh waves is marked on new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v), and is recorded every within the scope of energy group
The corresponding frequency of a point and speed coordinate；
Step7: modal cutoff
The coordinate recorded using Step6, marks corresponding higher order mode energy part on original frequency dispersion energy spectrum D (f, v),
Then the rest part of D (f, v) is assigned into 0 value, obtains D ' (f, v)；
Step8: back projection
D ' (f, the v) interpolated projections for containing only higher order mode energy are returned into frequency wavenumber domain, obtain frequency wave-number spectrum D ' (f, k)；
Step9:f-k inverse transformation
F-k inverse transformation is done to D ' (f, k), the complex signal d of m- distance domain when obtainingcomplex(x,t)；
Step10: higher order mode is rebuild
Take complex signal dcomplexThe real part of (x, t), and delete due to the extra note after the road n for expanding zero padding generation in Step2
Record records d to get higher order mode Rayleigh waves individual into time-domainhigher-order(x,t)。
2. the method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in Step1, establish and see
The method of examining system are as follows:
Along n wave detector x of an arrangement of measuring-line1、x2、x3、…、xn, these geophone groups are at observation system, wherein n > 48.
3. the method for reconstructing of higher order mode Rayleigh waves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in Step2, to multiple tracks
Earthquake record d (x, t) is spatially carried out after expanding zero padding processing, obtains the signal of 128 trace records, wherein after n-th
Record zeroizes, and obtains dnew(x, t) is converted using f-k by dnew(x, t) transforms to frequency wavenumber domain, generates frequency wave-number spectrum.
4. the method that higher order mode Rayleigh waves according to claim 1 are rebuild, which is characterized in that in step5, to frequency dispersion
Energy spectrum D (f, v) carries out amplitude equalization processing using the method for seeking n times power, constant of the n value between (0,1), specific
Multiple values, the effect of comparing calculation are attempted in calculating, and find out that higher order mode Rayleigh waves energy group frequency band is most wide, energy is most strong
Calculated result, be denoted as new frequency dispersion energy spectrum T (f, v).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111045076A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Multi-mode Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion curve parallel joint inversion method |
| CN111290017A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 南方科技大学 | Surface wave exploration method for jointly extracting Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion characteristics through seismic electric wave field |
| CN112987089A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for enhancing surface wave frequency dispersion spectrum signal |
| CN113189641A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-30 | 西安石油大学 | Two-channel multimode Rayleigh wave underground detection system and method |
| US11754744B2 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2023-09-12 | Southern University Of Science And Technology | Surface wave prospecting method for jointly extracting Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion characteristics by seismoelectric field |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112987089A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for enhancing surface wave frequency dispersion spectrum signal |
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| CN111290017A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 南方科技大学 | Surface wave exploration method for jointly extracting Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion characteristics through seismic electric wave field |
| US11754744B2 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2023-09-12 | Southern University Of Science And Technology | Surface wave prospecting method for jointly extracting Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion characteristics by seismoelectric field |
| CN113189641A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-30 | 西安石油大学 | Two-channel multimode Rayleigh wave underground detection system and method |
| CN113189641B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-01-19 | 西安石油大学 | Two-channel multi-mode Rayleigh wave underground detection system and method |
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