CN109238355A - The device and method of optical fiber distributed type sound state property while sensing measurement - Google Patents
The device and method of optical fiber distributed type sound state property while sensing measurement Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/322—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical fiber distributed type sound state property while the device and methods of sensing measurement, and wherein device includes: wideband light source and narrowband DFB laser source, is connect by wavelength multiplexer with scrambler；Light/acousto-optic modulator, connect with scrambler；Modulator drive module is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；Doped fiber amplifier EDFA is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；First annular device, the second circulator, third circulator, coupler, data acquisition is connect with signal processing module with four photodetectors, for acquiring signal and carrying out phase demodulating, realizes that the dynamic sensitive of quasi-static measurement and broadband chirp dim light grid array to narrowband dim light grid array measures.Optical fiber distributed type sound state property sensing measurement simultaneously can be achieved in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing more particularly to a kind of optical fiber distributed type sound state property to sense survey simultaneously
The device and method of amount.
Background technique
Optical fiber sensing technology comparison electric transducer possesses many good advantages.In face of the huge of Internet of Things industry high speed development
Big demand, optical fiber sensing technology is faced with new opportunities and challenges, but there are the diversity of Fibre Optical Sensor demand and optical fiber to pass
Feel the contradiction between single-function.In oil gas well mining and detection, oil-gas pipeline, bridge, large-scale piping lane etc., if can be to dynamic
It is monitored simultaneously with stationary singnal, then can greatly reduce the cost of monitoring system, and improve the validity and reliability of monitoring.
It is sensed based on optical back scattering technology, can be used to measure the quasi-static physical quantity such as temperature, strain, such as Brillouin scattering
Technology being capable of distributed measurement temperature or strain；Another is that the dynamic such as vibration is measured using the interference effect in optical fiber
Signal, such as based on Rayleigh scattering light polarization effect, C-OTDR, Sagnac interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, such technology benefit
It is very sensitive to fast-changing Dynamic Signal with the phase or polarization information of light wave in optical fiber, but be not capable of measuring quasi-static
Temperature/strain parameter.Some scholars, which are merged using Raman scattering or Brillouin scattering with Φ-OTDR, realizes dynamic and static state biography
Feel the distributed demodulation of signal, but system signal noise ratio is poor, system cost is high.
20151011446.0 invention of patent of invention CN is a kind of online to prepare fiber grating system, online FBG gusts of preparation
Column refer to during fibre-optical drawing, directly inscribe antiradar reflectivity using the output single-pulse laser energy of excimer laser
Optical fiber optical grating array technology, then carry out secondary coating again, form the dim light grid sensor array of large capacity antiradar reflectivity, it is this
Technology of preparing high production efficiency, thus cost substantially reduces, technique is flexible, coating uniform, and grating array no-welding-spot, optical fiber
Transmission loss is low, and for resistance to mechanical tension intensity as optical fiber, engineering construction is convenient, usually using time division multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplex skill
Art is carried out to FBG Wavelength demodulation, and relative to the wavelength-division multiplex system of common high reflectance, the multiplexing capacity of this method is significantly
The quantity for increasing sensor forms the optical fiber sensing system of large capacity.Wuhan University of Technology is dynamically continuously preparing optical fiber light
Grid array technology is mature, and is published in Chinese Optics Letters.2013,11 (3): 030602.Patent of invention
CN201710744196.9 has been invented under a kind of online wire drawing state, is switched fast phase mask carving automatically and is write the weak of multi-wavelength
Grating array apparatus and method.Patent of invention CN201710122717.7 has invented a kind of accurate control grating space, realizes
The apparatus and method of line inscription vibrating sensing dim light grid array.
Summary of the invention
For the difficult point for realizing distributed stationary singnal and Dynamic Signal monitoring simultaneously at present, the present invention utilizes on-line continuous
Large capacity dim light grid array is prepared, realizes a kind of apparatus and method for monitoring quasi-static, dynamic and measuring sensor array, monitoring accuracy
Height, system cost are low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property sensing measurement simultaneously is provided characterized by comprising
Wideband light source and narrowband DFB laser source, are connect by wavelength multiplexer with scrambler；
Electric light/acousto-optic modulator, connect with scrambler；
Modulator drive module is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；
Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；
First annular device, first port are connect with erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, and second port is connect with sensor fibre,
Narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array, and two grating array reflecting spectrums are equipped at intervals on the sensor fibre
It is not overlapped；
Second circulator, first port are connect with the third port of first annular device, second port and high reflectance
Chirp grating connection, the chirp grating of high reflectance connect by dispersion compensating fiber with the first photodetector；The height is anti-
The band for penetrating the chirp grating of rate is wider than the bandwidth of the broadband chirp dim light grid array on single mode optical fiber, and central wavelength one
It causes；
Third circulator, first port are connect with the third port of the second circulator, second port and the second photoelectricity
Detector connection；
Coupler, the first coupling port are connect with the third port of third circulator, the second coupling port and third
Photodetector connection, third coupling port are connect with the 4th photodetector, the 4th coupling port and the first faraday
One end of rotating mirror connection, the 5th coupling port and piezoelectric ceramics connects, the other end of piezoelectric ceramics and second faraday's rotating mirror
Connection；
Data acquisition is connect with signal processing module with four photodetectors, for acquiring signal and carrying out phase solution
It adjusts, realizes that the dynamic sensitive of quasi-static measurement and broadband chirp dim light grid array to narrowband dim light grid array measures.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the single mode optical fiber by being switched fast even phase mask plate and chirp phase exposure mask automatically
Plate inscribes narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array.
Connecing above-mentioned technical proposal, the reflectance spectrum of narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array is not overlapped, and
Grating is separated by 5nm or more, and the reflectivity of grating is 0.01~0.1%, and narrowband dim light grid switch in turn with broadband dim light grid, grating
Spacing is L, therefore, 2L is divided between adjacent broadband chirp grating, grating space error is less than 1cm.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, wideband light source wavelength is λ1, bandwidth is 5nm or so；Narrowband DFB laser source wavelength is λ2,
Three dB bandwidth is 1kHz or so；λ1With λ2Differ 5nm or more.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the sensor fibre is single mode optical fiber.
The present invention also provides a kind of optical fiber distributed type sound state property based on the above-mentioned technical proposal while sensing measurements
Method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) by the laser of wideband light source and narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser through wavelength division multiplexer, and electricity is accessed after scrambler
Light/acousto-optic modulator, modulated device drive module are modulated into the pulse signal of periodical High Extinction Ratio；Pulse signal is through er-doped light
Enter sensor fibre after fiber amplifier EDFA；
(2) pulsed light of different wave length is separately demodulated after first annular device after being reflected after sensor fibre,
The light of first wave length the second circulator second port access high reflectance chirp grating, the pulsed light of first wave length with should
The bandwidth of chirp grating is not overlapped, and the pulsed light of first wave length is transmitted by the chirp grating, the pulsed light whole quilt of second wave length
Reflection；First narrowband grating is reference grating in sensor fibre；
(3) it is received after dispersion compensating fiber by the first photodetector after the pulse light transmission of first wave length；Second
The pulsed light of wavelength is after third circulator, and into coupler, the coupler and two faraday's rotating mirrors form an interference
Instrument, interference signal pass through respectively coupler three ports enter second and third, four photodetectors；
(4) for the Wavelength demodulation of narrowband grating array, length of i-th of the narrow band light pitch from reference grating is 2 (i-1)
L, reference grating are Δ t by the time difference of measurement dispersion compensation compensation with i-th of narrowband sensor fibrei=2 (i-1) Lneff/c
+DLDCF(λi-λr), when sensing grating central wavelength lambdaiWhen changing, Δ tiIt will change, Δ λi=Δ ti/(DLDCF),
Pass through the time difference Δ t of measurement sensor fibre to reference optical fiberi, obtain the wavelength change of sensor fibre；Wherein, LDCFFor dispersion
The length of compensated optical fiber, neffFor the refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity, and D is the abbe number parameter of dispersion compensating fiber；
(5) for the Wavelength demodulation of broadband chirp grating array, adjacent chirp grating spacing is 2L, adjusts piezoelectric ceramics,
Make two faraday's rotating mirrors arm length difference be equal to 2L, formed Michelson's interferometer, generate interference signal, by data acquisition with
Signal processing module, which acquires signal and demodulates, obtains the phase of the interference signal between each chirp grating, obtains the dynamic of each position point
State signal, including vibration or acoustic signals.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention is on simple optical fiber, while distributed monitoring stationary singnal and dynamic
The sensing device and method of state signal, on a single fibre respectively it is equally spaced inscribe narrowband dim light grid and chirp broadband dim light
Grid array, narrowband dim light grid are used to fast slowdown monitoring stationary singnal such as temperature or strain signal by wavelength change, and chirp grating is used
The phase change of the interference signal between adjacent gratings is monitored, thus obtain the Dynamic Signal in each region, such as vibration or sound wave
Signal.System of the invention has the features such as at low cost, performance is high, and sensing probe preparation is full-automatic, stranding convenient construction,
Oil-gas mining, oil-gas pipeline, exploitation of mineral resources, physical prospecting etc. have application prospect.
Further, the present invention 1, use high-capacity optical fiber grating array fibre, in single mode optical fiber drawing process
Weak optical fiber Bragg grating of multiple reflectivity 0.01%~0.1% is continuously inscribed using wire-drawer-tower Technique dynamic, grating itself resists
Mechanical strength is identical as optical fiber, no-welding-spot, is capable of providing big strain, high-precision sensing, and due to having used ultra-low reflectance
Dim light grid, the quantity of sensing unit is up to thousands of, to overcome sensing unit caused by traditional strong grating concatenation technology
Less, the problem of resistance to mechanical intensity is low, does not adapt to the variation of big strain sensing；2, the present invention can simultaneously distributed measurement static state with
Dynamic Signal, high 2~3 order of magnitude of the random backscatter signals of luminance factor, therefore its signal-to-noise ratio are much higher than conventional Φ-
OTDR technique sensor-based system.3, Wavelength demodulation uses dispersion compensation module, by measuring the delay inequality with reference grating, obtains each
The wavelength shift of sensing grating, this method demodulation quickly, do not need length scanning, and precision is high.4, sensor fibre only needs one,
Sensor-based system is at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property of the embodiment of the present invention while sensing measurement.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property while sensing measurement, which includes 1 broadband light
Source；2 narrowband DFB laser sources；3 wavelength multiplexers；4 scramblers；5 electric light/acousto-optic modulator；6 modulator drive modules；7 er-dopeds
Fiber amplifier EDFA；The chirp grating of 8 high reflectances, 12~14 3 port circulators；9 single mode optical fibers (sensor fibre)；10
Narrowband grating；11 broadband gratings；15 dispersion compensating fibers；16~17 faraday's rotating mirrors；18 3*3 couplers；19 piezoelectric ceramics
PZT；20~23 photodetectors 1~4；The acquisition of 24 data and signal processing module.
Wideband light source 1 and narrowband DFB laser source 2 are connect by wavelength multiplexer 3 with scrambler 4；
Electric light/acousto-optic modulator 5 is connect with scrambler 4；
Modulator drive module 6 is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator 5；
Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 7 is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator 5；
First annular device 12, first port is connect with erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, and second port and sensor fibre connect
It connects, narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array, and two grating array reflections is equipped at intervals on the sensor fibre
Frequency spectrum is not overlapped；
Second circulator 13, first port are connect with the third port of first annular device, second port and high reflection
The chirp grating of rate connects, and the chirp grating of high reflectance is connect by dispersion compensating fiber with the first photodetector；The height
The band of the chirp grating of reflectivity is wider than the bandwidth of the broadband chirp dim light grid array on single mode optical fiber, and central wavelength one
It causes；
Third circulator 14, first port are connect with the third port of the second circulator, second port and the second light
Electric explorer connection；
3*3 coupler 18, the first coupling port are connect with the third port of third circulator, the second coupling port with
The connection of third photodetector, third coupling port are connect with the 4th photodetector, the 4th coupling port and the first method
Rotating mirror is drawn to connect, one end of the 5th coupling port and piezoelectric ceramics connects, the other end of piezoelectric ceramics and the second faraday
Rotating mirror connection；First faraday's rotating mirror 16 and second faraday's rotating mirror 17 constitute interferometer, when forming interferometer, first farad
Two arm length differences of rotating mirror and second faraday's rotating mirror are 2L, and 2L is the spacing of adjacent broadband chirp grating.
Data acquisition is connect with signal processing module 24 with four photodetector 20-23, for according to photodetector
The signal of acquisition is demodulated, and realizes moving for the quasi-static measurement and broadband chirp dim light grid array to narrowband dim light grid array
State sensing measurement.
The specific steps measured using the device of above-mentioned optical fiber distributed type sound state property while sensing measurement are as follows:
1) dim light grid array optical fiber 9 is inscribed online using online wire drawing tower technology, wherein include two class gratings in optical fiber, it is narrow
Grating belt array 10 and chirp grating array 11 switch phase mask plate and chirp phase mask plate by automatic uniform, use
Excimer laser successively inscribes narrowband grating and chirp grating (using patent of invention CN201710744196.9 technology),
It asks narrowband grating and the reflectance spectrum of chirp grating not be overlapped, and is separated by 5nm or more, prevent signal cross, the reflectivity of grating
It is 0.01~0.1%, narrowband grating switches in turn with broadband chirp grating, grating spacings L, therefore, adjacent broadband chirped light
2L is divided between grid.Due to using on-line continuous to inscribe grating, sensing probe is without any solder joint, and intensity is as conventional fiber, light
Fibre 0.2~0.4dB of loss, optical fiber cabling are easy for construction.A kind of essence is realized using patent of invention CN201710122717.7 technology
Really control grating space realizes the online apparatus and method for inscribing vibrating sensing dim light grid array, it can be ensured that the spacing of grating
Error is less than 1cm, and, no cumulative errors unrelated with grating space.By the middle cardiac wave for measuring uniform narrowband dim light grid array
Long to realize quasi-static measurement, the interference signal for measuring the reflection signal between adjacent chirp broadband dim light grid realizes that dynamic sensitive is surveyed
Amount, to realize distributed sound state sensing measurement.
2) wideband light source wavelength is λ1, bandwidth is 5nm or so, for demodulating narrowband dim light grid, narrow-band light source λ2Swash for DFB
Light device, three dB bandwidth is < 1kHz, for demodulating the interference signal between chirp grating, and wideband light source spectrum lambda1With DFB
Wavelength X25nm or more is differed, by wideband light source and narrowband DFB laser by wavelength coupler 3, by scrambler 4, by modulator
5, signal is modulated into the pulse signal of periodical High Extinction Ratio, and carries out signal by erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 7 and put
Greatly, sensor fibre is entered by circulator 12.First narrowband grating 10 is used as reference grating, keeps the grating not by temperature
It is influenced with strain.Spacing between narrowband grating is 2L.Wideband light source is reflected after narrowband dim light grid 10, and transmits chirp
Grating 11；The signal light transmission narrow band light grid 10 of Distributed Feedback Laser, are reflected by chirp grating 11.Grating 8 is broadband grating, center
Wavelength is identical as chirp grating 11, and band is wider than chirp grating 11, therefore wavelength X1Light transmitted by broadband grating 8, and wave
Long λ2Light all reflected.
3) the broadband chirp grating 8 that reflectivity is 99% or more, spectrum is as chirp grating 11；The arteries and veins of wideband light source
Signal light is rushed by after narrowband optical grating reflection, by circulator 12 and 13, after transmission, by dispersion compensating fiber 15, by detector
20 receive.Wavelength X1Pulse light transmission after after the dispersion compensating fiber of one section of high abbe number, dispersion compensating fiber
Length is LDCF, received by the first photodetector 20；Wavelength X2Pulsed light after third circulator 14, enter
The coupler 18 of 3*3, the coupler and two faraday's rotating mirrors form an interferometer, and two arm length differences of faraday's rotating mirror are
2L, i.e., the spacing of adjacent two chirp grating 11.
4) be reference grating with the first narrowband grating 10 for the Wavelength demodulation of narrowband grating, i-th of narrowband grating 10 with
Delay inequality after the signal light of reference grating to the first photodetector 20 is Δ ti=2 (i-1) Lneff/c+DLDCF(λi-λr),
Wherein, LDCFFor the length of dispersion compensating fiber, neffFor the refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity, and D is the dispersion of dispersion compensating fiber
Coefficient parameter.Wherein propagation delay time of the front portion between optical fiber, rear portion be after dispersion compensating fiber 15 when
Prolong, since the wavelength of reference grating does not change, when the variation of the wavelength with temperature of i-th of narrowband grating 10, color will be passed through
Compensated optical fiber is dissipated, time delay is generated, by measuring Delay Variation, so as to obtain the wavelength change Δ λ of narrowband grating 10i=Δ
ti/(DLDCF), the dispersion total amount of dispersion compensating fiber be it is certain, therefore, wavelength change and the linear variation of Delay Variation.It is logical
Cross the time delay for measuring each narrowband grating 10 and reference grating, the wavelength change of available all narrowband gratings 10, to obtain
Quasi-static transducing signal.
5) narrow band signal λ2Narrowband grating 10 is transmitted, chirp grating 11, after three circulators 12~13, same quilt are reflected
The broadband chirp grating 8 of high reflectance, after circulator 14, into there are two faraday's rotating mirrors 16~17 and 3*3 coupler
The interferometer of composition, piezoelectric ceramics PZT 19 are used to modulate two arm length differences of faraday's rotating mirror, and arm length difference is made to be equal to chirp grating
The distance between 11 2L are less than 1cm due to the interval error very little of the chirp grating in sensor fibre, make pottery when regulating piezoelectricity
When porcelain PZT makes one pair of them generate strong interference signal, other interference signals are obtained with regard to Auto-matching so as to fast demodulation
To the phase of the interference signal between each chirp grating, the Dynamic Signal (vibration or acoustic signals) of each position point is obtained.It is dry
Relate to signal by second and third, acquired by data acquisition with signal processing module after four photodetectors 21~23 and carry out signal
It handles, the phase change of the interference signal between available adjacent chirp grating, obtains vibration or sound caused by external environment
Wave signal, i.e. Dynamic Signal.
To sum up, present invention employs high-capacity optical fiber grating array fibres, and drawing is utilized in single mode optical fiber drawing process
Silk tower technology dynamic continuously inscribes weak optical fiber Bragg grating of multiple reflectivity 0.01%~0.1%, and the resistance to mechanical of grating itself is strong
, no-welding-spot identical as optical fiber is spent, big strain, high-precision sensing, and the dim light grid due to having used ultra-low reflectance are capable of providing,
The quantity of sensing unit is up to thousands of, to overcome, sensing unit caused by traditional strong grating concatenation technology is few, anti-machine
The problem of tool intensity is low, does not adapt to the variation of big strain sensing.
In addition, the present invention can distributed measurement be static simultaneously and Dynamic Signal, due to using reflectivity be 0.01%~
0.1% dim light grid array, high 2~3 order of magnitude of the random backscatter signals of luminance factor, therefore its signal-to-noise ratio is much higher than
Conventional Φ-OTDR technique sensor-based system.Wavelength demodulation uses dispersion compensation module, by measuring the time delay with reference grating
Difference obtains the wavelength shift of each sensing grating, and this method demodulation quickly, does not need length scanning, and precision is high.And sensor fibre is only
One is needed, sensor-based system is at low cost.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the device of a kind of optical fiber distributed type sound state property while sensing measurement characterized by comprising
Wideband light source and narrowband DFB laser source, are connect by wavelength multiplexer with scrambler；
Electric light/acousto-optic modulator, connect with scrambler；
Modulator drive module is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；
Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA is connect with electric light/acousto-optic modulator；
First annular device, first port are connect with erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, and second port is connect with sensor fibre, the biography
It is equipped at intervals with narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array on photosensitive fibre, and two grating array reflecting spectrums do not weigh
It is folded；
Second circulator, first port are connect with the third port of first annular device, the Zhou of second port and high reflectance
The chirp grating of grating of singing connection, high reflectance is connect by dispersion compensating fiber with the first photodetector；The high reflectance
The band of chirp grating be wider than the bandwidth of the broadband chirp dim light grid array on single mode optical fiber, and central wavelength is consistent；
Third circulator, first port are connect with the third port of the second circulator, second port and the second photodetection
Device connection；
Coupler, the first coupling port are connect with the third port of third circulator, the second coupling port and third photoelectricity
Detector connection, third coupling port are connect with the 4th photodetector, the 4th coupling port and first faraday's rotating mirror
One end of connection, the 5th coupling port and piezoelectric ceramics connects, and the other end of piezoelectric ceramics is connect with second faraday's rotating mirror；
Data acquisition is connect with signal processing module with four photodetectors, real for acquiring signal and carrying out phase demodulating
Now the dynamic sensitive of the quasi-static measurement to narrowband dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array measures.
2. the device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property according to claim 1 while sensing measurement, which is characterized in that should
Single mode optical fiber inscribes narrowband dim light grid array and width by being switched fast even phase mask plate and chirp phase mask plate automatically
Band chirp dim light grid array, narrowband dim light grid switch in turn with broadband chirp dim light grid, separation L.
3. the device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property according to claim 1 while sensing measurement, which is characterized in that narrow
Reflectance spectrum with dim light grid array and broadband chirp dim light grid array is not overlapped, and grating is separated by 5nm or more, the reflection of grating
Rate is 0.01~0.1%, and 2L is divided between the chirp grating of broadband, and grating space error is less than 1cm.
4. the device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property according to claim 1 while sensing measurement, which is characterized in that wide
Band optical source wavelength is λ1, bandwidth is 5nm or so；Narrowband DFB laser source wavelength is λ2, three dB bandwidth is 1kHz or so；λ1With λ2
Differ 5nm or more.
5. the device of optical fiber distributed type sound state property according to claim 1 while sensing measurement, which is characterized in that institute
Stating sensor fibre is single mode optical fiber.
6. a kind of optical fiber distributed type sound state property based on claim 1 while sensing measuring method, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
(1) by the laser of wideband light source and narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser through wavelength division multiplexer, and electric light/sound is accessed after scrambler
Optical modulator, modulated device drive module are modulated into the pulse signal of periodical High Extinction Ratio；Pulse signal is put through Er-doped fiber
Enter sensor fibre after big device EDFA；
(2) pulsed light of different wave length is separately demodulated after first annular device, first after sensor fibre after being reflected
The light of wavelength accesses the chirp grating of high reflectance, the pulsed light of first wave length and the chirp in the second port of the second circulator
The bandwidth of grating is not overlapped, and the pulsed light of first wave length is transmitted by the chirp grating, and the pulsed light of second wave length is all reflected；
First narrowband grating is reference grating in sensor fibre；
(3) it is received after dispersion compensating fiber by the first photodetector after the pulse light transmission of first wave length；Second wave length
Pulsed light after third circulator, into coupler, the coupler and two faraday's rotating mirrors form an interferometers, do
Relate to signal pass through respectively coupler three ports enter second and third, four photodetectors；
(4) for the Wavelength demodulation of narrowband grating array, length of i-th of the narrow band light pitch from reference grating is 2 (i-1) L, ginseng
It is Δ t that grating and i-th of narrowband sensor fibre, which are examined, by the time difference of measurement dispersion compensation compensationi=2 (i-1) Lneff/c+
DLDCF(λi-λr), when sensing grating central wavelength lambdaiWhen changing, Δ tiIt will change, Δ λi=Δ ti/(DLDCF),
Pass through the time difference Δ t of measurement sensor fibre to reference optical fiberi, obtain the wavelength change of sensor fibre；Wherein, LDCFFor dispersion
The length of compensated optical fiber, neffFor the refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity, and D is the abbe number parameter of dispersion compensating fiber；
(5) for the Wavelength demodulation of broadband chirp grating array, adjacent broadband chirp grating spacing is 2L, adjusts piezoelectricity pottery
Porcelain makes the arm length difference of two faraday's rotating mirrors be equal to 2L, forms Michelson's interferometer, generates interference signal, adopted by data
Collection and signal processing module, which acquire signal and demodulate, obtains the phase of the interference signal between each chirp grating, obtains each position point
Dynamic Signal, including vibration or acoustic signals.
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Application publication date: 20190118 Assignee: HUBEI COMMUNICATIONS INVESTMENT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Assignor: WUHAN University OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023980048241 Denomination of invention: Device and method for simultaneous sensing and measurement of dynamic and static parameters using fiber optic distributed sensing Granted publication date: 20200825 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231128 |
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