CN109221015A - A kind of breeding method of young pilose antler meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of young pilose antler meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN109221015A CN109221015A CN201811439628.6A CN201811439628A CN109221015A CN 109221015 A CN109221015 A CN 109221015A CN 201811439628 A CN201811439628 A CN 201811439628A CN 109221015 A CN109221015 A CN 109221015A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
It is with the Northeast Sika Deer doe of Guizhou Province Pu'an region native country domestication for female parent the invention discloses a kind of breeding method of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, the Tienshan wapiti with the domestication of Guizhou Province Pu'an region native country is that male parent is hybridized.The outstanding gene that the present invention is high by the Tianshan Mountains sika deer breeding potential for introducing the domestication of Guizhou Province Pu'an region native country, meat productivity is high, resistance is strong, make a kind of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines cultivated in addition to having many advantages, such as that Tianshan Mountains sika deer is adaptable, premunition is strong, also with physically fit, breeding potential is higher, early growth and development is fast, meat productivity is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to livestock-raising technical field, especially a kind of cultivation side of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines
Method.
Background technique
Sika deer (scientific name: Cervus nippon) is a kind of middle-size and small-size deer, and body is 125 to 145 centimetres long, tail length 12 to 13
Centimetre, 70 to 95 centimetres of shoulder height, weight 70 to double centner.Hair color summer is maroon color, and there are many hickies, and shape is like plum blossom；Winter
For infuscate, hickie is not significant.Neck has mane.Male second year plays the male character types in Chinese operas, usu. referring tov the bearded character, annual to increase by a fork, and point four forks stop after five years old,
Up to 30 to 66 centimetres, female is acerous.Major Foods are food with grass, fruit, herbaceous plant, tree bud, tree, crops.Population master
It is distributed in Russian east, Japan and China.It is China national first class of protection animal, is included in World Conservation Union
(IUCN) 2015 " endangered species Red List " ver3.1 --- low danger (LC).
In recent years, the ground such as southwest such as Guizhou Province is introduced sika deer and is raised from Liaoning, Xinjiang；But due to weather item
Part is not suitable for (main to influence to be that humidity is larger), and breeding potential and production pilose antler amount all can not show a candle to source area, and it is serious in addition to produce pilose antler amount
The superseded sika deer of decline is difficult to fatten, and meat productivity is low, causes economic benefit poor；The above reason is seen, cultivation is suitable for west
The outstanding fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines of southern area local climate condition are only the long-term plan for realizing sustainable development.
Therefore, fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines are cultivated work and are particularly important, and extremely urgent pendulum is in our skills
Phase technical problem to be solved in face of art personnel.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is provide a kind of cultivation of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines to overcome prior art defect
Method, the resistance for the new lines that this method is cultivated is strong, resistance to crude feed, it is with good meat quality, produce that pilose antler is high, meat productivity is high, there are also physique more
Add the features such as healthy and strong, breeding potential is higher, early growth and development is fast, thus overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, such as: not humidity, anti-
Inverse property is poor, it is low to produce pilose antler, it is low etc. to produce meat.
Target to realize the present invention, the invention use the following technical solution: it is with Northeast Sika Deer for female parent
It is male parent with Tienshan wapiti, cultivates the fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines of suitable this area weather conditions.Wherein, above-mentioned
Northeast Sika Deer is the Northeast Sika Deer of Cultivated Land in Pu-an County of Guizhou native country domestication, and Tienshan wapiti above-mentioned is Cultivated Land in Pu-an County of Guizhou native country
The Tienshan wapiti of domestication.
The breeding method the following steps are included:
The Northeast Sika Deer that step (1) tames Puan County native country is maternal and Tienshan wapiti male parent is identified and assessed,
Outstanding Northeast Sika Deer doe and outstanding Tienshan wapiti stag are filtered out wherein, set up breeding group；
Step (2) is female parent with the outstanding doe of Northeast Sika Deer in the breeding group, is with the outstanding stag of Tienshan wapiti
Male parent carries out two-way cross, obtains F1 generation east horse sika deer；
Step (3) is female parent with the outstanding doe of F1 generation east horse sika deer, outstanding with the eastern horse sika deer in the breeding group
Stag is that male parent carries out grading up, obtains F2 for grading up filial generation；
Outstanding doe in F1 generation sika deer is carried out traversed by with the outstanding stag of F1 generation by step (4), selects fast, the production deer that increases weight
The high F1.1 offspring deer of fine and soft index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
F2 is carried out traversed by with outstanding stag for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation by step (5), selects fast, production of increasing weight
The high F2.2 offspring deer of pilose antler index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (6) is female parent for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation with F2, is with outstanding stag in F1 generation sika deer
Male parent carries out traversed by combined hybrid, obtains F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation；
Step (7) is female parent with the outstanding doe in F1 generation grading up filial generation, is for stag outstanding in sika deer with F2
Male parent carries out traversed by combined hybrid, obtains F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation；
Outstanding doe in F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation is carried out traversed by fixation with outstanding stag and repeatedly selected by step (8)
It educates, by the outstanding doe and the progress traversed by fixation of outstanding stag in F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation and multiple breeding, selection is each respectively
The high offspring deer of item index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (9) selects respectively from F1.1 offspring deer, F2.2 offspring deer, F1.2 offspring deer, F2.1 offspring's deer traversed by filial generation
The item classic sika deer of index is as the blood lineage's core group for cultivating fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines.
In order to improve hybridization success rate, a kind of breeding method owner of above-mentioned fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines will be adopted
With this friendship, implement in conjunction with the method for artificial insemination.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein in step (1)
The selection criteria of the outstanding doe of native country sika deer is: the pale brown piebald of physical health, hair color, have delicate features, resistance is relatively strong, breast
Physically well develop, birth weight 2.5kg or more, weaning weight 12.5kg or more, six-month-old weight 28.7kg or more, one full year of life weight 51.5kg with
On, grow up 61 ㎏ or more of doe weight, the high 76cm or more of body, body long 83 ㎝ or more, bust 85cm or more, lambing percentage 85% with
On.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein in step (1)
The selection criteria of the outstanding stag of high yield pilose antler sika deer is: tiltedly upper vertical, neck length, trunk are longer greatly for short and small, bridge of the nose protuberance, an ear,
Four limbs are slightly grown, and the pale brown piebald color of coat, glossy, posture is magnificent, testicualr development is good, resistance is stronger, birth weight 3kg with
On, weaning weight 14.5kg or more, six-month-old weight 31kg or more, one full year of life weight 55kg or more, grow up 73 ㎏ or more of stag weight, and body is high
79cm or more, body long 85 ㎝ or more, bust 91cm or more.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein selected from F1 generation
Preferentially elegant male and female deer, which carries out the standard selection in traversed by stator generation, is: A, the pale brown piebald color of doe coat, physical health, the clear mesh of eyebrow
Elegant, resistance is compared with strong, mammary development is good, birth weight 3.1kg or more, weaning weight 15.3kg or more, six-month-old weight 30kg or more,
One full year of life, 55kg or more, 65 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 77.5cm or more of body, body grew 85 ㎝ or more, bust 87cm or more, lambing again
Rate is 87% or more；B, the pale brown piebald color of stag coat, physical health, posture be magnificent, resistance is compared with strong, testicualr development is good,
Birth weight 3.5kg or more, weaning weight 15.5kg or more, six-month-old weight 33kg or more, one full year of life weight 57kg or more, stag weight of growing up
76 ㎏ or more, the high 85cm or more of body, body long 90 ㎝ or more, bust 93cm or more.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of venison dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein from F2 for grading
The selection criteria for selecting outstanding male and female deer to carry out traversed by stator generation in hybrid generation is: A, the pale brown piebald color of doe coat, body
Matter is healthy, have delicate features, resistance is compared with strong, mammary development is good, birth weight 3.3kg or more, weaning weight 16kg or more, six-month-old
Weight 31kg or more, one full year of life weight 56kg or more, 66 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 78cm or more of body, long 86 ㎝ or more of body, bust
87.5cm or more, lambing percentage is 86% or more；B, the pale brown piebald color of stag coat, physical health, posture be magnificent, resistance compared with
By force, testicualr development is good, birth weight 3.7kg or more, weaning weight 16.5kg or more, six-month-old weight 33.5kg or more, one full year of life weight
57.5kg or more, 78 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 86cm or more of body, body long 91 ㎝ or more, bust 93.5cm or more.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of venison dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein from F1.2 traversed by
The selection criteria for selecting outstanding male and female deer to carry out traversed by stator generation in hybrid generation is: A, the pale brown piebald color of doe coat, body
Matter is healthy, have delicate features, resistance is compared with strong, mammary development is good, birth weight 3.6kg or more, weaning weight 17kg or more, six-month-old
Weight 33kg or more, one full year of life weight 57.5kg or more, 67.5 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 79cm or more of body, long 87 ㎝ or more of body, bust
89cm or more, lambing percentage is 86% or more；B, stag coat white, physical health, posture are magnificent, resistance is relatively strong, testis hair
Educate good, birth weight 3.9kg or more, weaning weight 18.5kg or more, six-month-old weight 35kg or more, one full year of life weight 59kg or more, adult
79.5 ㎏ or more of weight, the high 87.5cm or more of body, body long 92 ㎝ or more, bust 95cm or more.
Further, the breeding method of above-mentioned a kind of venison dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, wherein from F2.1 traversed by
The selection criteria for selecting outstanding male and female deer to carry out traversed by stator generation in hybrid generation is: A, the pale brown piebald color of doe coat, body
Matter is healthy, have delicate features, resistance is compared with strong, mammary development is good, birth weight 3.61kg or more, weaning weight 17.3kg or more, and six
Monthly age weight 33.1kg or more, one full year of life weight 57.7kg or more, 67.7 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 79.3cm or more of body, body long 87.1
㎝ or more, bust 89c.3m or more, lambing percentage is 86% or more；B, stag coat brown color, physical health, posture are magnificent, anti-
Inverse property is compared with strong, testicualr development is good, birth weight 3.93kg or more, weaning weight 18.7kg or more, six-month-old weight 35.3kg or more, week
Year weight 59.1kg or more, 79.7 ㎏ or more of adult weight, the high 87.7cm or more of body, body long 92.1 ㎝ or more, bust 95.3cm with
On.
Introduced in the present invention Guizhou Province Pu'an region native country domestication Northeast Sika Deer originate in northeast one with and Xinjiang
It is all distributed, has many advantages, such as that disposition is docile, reproductive capacity is strong, breeding potential is high, physique is big, Tienshan wapiti adult stag average weight
About 73 ㎏, the high 79cm of body, body long 85 ㎝, 91 ㎝ or more of bust；Since breeding method of the present invention is by introducing Pu'an area of Guizhou Province
The outstanding gene that the Tianshan Mountains sika deer breeding potential of domain native country domestication is high, meat productivity is high, resistance is strong makes a kind of fine and soft meat cultivated
Dual-purpose type sika deer new lines also have physically fit, numerous in addition to having the characteristics that Tianshan Mountains sika deer is adaptable, premunition is strong
Grow the advantages that rate is higher, early growth and development is fast, meat productivity is high.The new lines are compared with Northeast Sika Deer.The new lines are degeneration-resistant
Property it is very strong, growth and development is fast, physically fit, and for adult stag weight up to 80.5 ㎏ or more, doe weight produces meat up to 68.3 ㎏ or more
Rate improves 5.1% or more, and lambing percentage is 86% or more, and with good meat quality and physically fit, adaptable, premunition is strong, is suitable for giving up
It raises, half drylot feeding and herd production entirely, there is higher promotional value.
Specific embodiment
It is further specifically described below by example to of the invention.The thought or the simple of allied substances that the present invention designs are replaced
In generation, belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.Involved ingredient or material in following methods are unless otherwise specified that commercial sources can
It obtains.In related experimental methods unless otherwise specified be the existing conventional method of the art.Numerical value or numerical value therein
Ratio refers both to mass figures or mass ratio such as without mark.
Embodiment 1:
General thought of the invention is with the Northeast Sika Deer doe of Guizhou Province Pu'an region native country domestication for female parent, and expensive
The Tienshan wapiti of state province Pu'an region native country domestication is that male parent is hybridized, and obtains F1 generation deer；F1 generation deer east horse sika deer again with
The Tianshan Mountains sika deer of Pu'an native country domestication carries out grading up, obtains F2 grading up filial generation；F2 is female for grading up filial generation
Deer is hybridized with F1 generation Tianshan Mountains sika deer stag, obtains F1.2 traversed by filial generation；By F1 generation grading up filial generation doe and F2 generation
Sika deer stag is hybridized in Tianshan Mountains, obtains F2.1 traversed by filial generation F1, F2, F3, F1.2, F2.1 and carry out traversed by respectively fixing, root
The characteristics of according to each generation, selection cultivate the ideal new lines of indices to get a kind of fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new product
It is (kind).Specifically, this type of rearing the following steps are included:
The Northeast Sika Deer that step (1) tames Puan County native country is maternal and Tienshan wapiti male parent is identified and assessed,
Outstanding Northeast Sika Deer doe and outstanding Tienshan wapiti stag are filtered out wherein, set up breeding group；
Step (2) is female parent with the outstanding doe of Northeast Sika Deer in the breeding group, is with the outstanding stag of Tienshan wapiti
Male parent carries out two-way cross, obtains F1 generation east horse sika deer；
Step (3) is female parent with the outstanding doe of F1 generation east horse sika deer, outstanding with the eastern horse sika deer in the breeding group
Stag is that male parent carries out grading up, obtains F2 for grading up filial generation；
Outstanding doe in F1 generation sika deer is carried out traversed by with the outstanding stag of F1 generation by step (4), selects fast, the production deer that increases weight
The high F1.1 offspring deer of fine and soft index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
F2 is carried out traversed by with outstanding stag for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation by step (5), selects fast, production of increasing weight
The high F2.2 offspring deer of pilose antler index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (6) is female parent for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation with F2, is with outstanding stag in F1 generation sika deer
Male parent carries out traversed by combined hybrid, obtains F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation；
Step (7) is female parent with the outstanding doe in F1 generation grading up filial generation, is for stag outstanding in sika deer with F2
Male parent carries out traversed by combined hybrid, obtains F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation；
Outstanding doe in F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation is carried out traversed by fixation with outstanding stag and repeatedly selected by step (8)
It educates, by the outstanding doe and the progress traversed by fixation of outstanding stag in F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation and multiple breeding, selection is each respectively
The high offspring deer of item index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (9) is from F1.1 offspring deer, F2.2 offspring deer, F1.2 offspring deer, F2.1 offspring's deer traversed by filial generation traversed by filial generation
It is middle to select the classic sika deer of indices as the blood lineage's core group for cultivating fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines.
The new lines obtained according to above step, progress is further preferred, and specific practice can be using individual Phenotypic Selection
Method carries out, and F1, F2, F1.2, F2.1 generation hybridization deer are carried out intersection traversed by and fixed, the shape and items of stringent core group kind deer refer to
Target access threshold selects optimal mixed-blood ratio according to the indices for the deer for hybridizing each stage, that is to say from F1, F2,
Select indices optimal in F3, F1.2, F2.1 as the core group for cultivating new lines blood lineage.
Certainly, above is specific application example of the invention, and there are other embodiments of the invention, all using equivalent
The technical solution that replacement or equivalent transformation are formed, all falls within protection scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of breeding method of young pilose antler meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines, it is characterised in that: it is with Northeast Sika Deer for female parent
It is male parent with Tienshan wapiti, cultivates the fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines of suitable this area weather conditions.
2. the breeding method of young pilose antler meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the northeast
Sika deer is the Northeast Sika Deer of Cultivated Land in Pu-an County of Guizhou native country domestication, and the Tienshan wapiti is the domestication of Cultivated Land in Pu-an County of Guizhou native country
Tienshan wapiti.
3. the breeding method of young pilose antler meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the cultivation side
Method the following steps are included:
The Northeast Sika Deer that step (1) tames Puan County native country is maternal and Tienshan wapiti male parent is identified and assessed, at it
In filter out outstanding Northeast Sika Deer doe and outstanding Tienshan wapiti stag, set up breeding group；
Step (2) is female parent with the outstanding doe of Northeast Sika Deer in the breeding group, using the outstanding stag of Tienshan wapiti as male parent
Two-way cross is carried out, F1 generation east horse sika deer is obtained；
Step (3) is female parent with the outstanding doe of F1 generation east horse sika deer, with the eastern outstanding stag of horse sika deer in the breeding group
Grading up is carried out for male parent, obtains F2 for grading up filial generation；
Outstanding doe in F1 generation sika deer is carried out traversed by with the outstanding stag of F1 generation by step (4), and selection weight gain is fast, production pilose antler refers to
The F1.1 offspring deer of absolute altitude is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
F2 is carried out traversed by with outstanding stag for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation by step (5), selects fast, the production pilose antler that increases weight
The high F2.2 offspring deer of index is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (6) is female parent for the outstanding doe in grading up filial generation with F2, using outstanding stag in F1 generation sika deer as male parent
Traversed by combined hybrid is carried out, F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation is obtained；
Step (7) with the outstanding doe in F1 generation grading up filial generation be female parent, using F2 for stag outstanding in sika deer as male parent
Traversed by combined hybrid is carried out, F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation is obtained；
Step (8), will by the outstanding doe and the progress traversed by fixation of outstanding stag in F1.2 traversed by hybrid generation and multiple breeding
Outstanding doe and outstanding stag in F2.1 traversed by hybrid generation carry out traversed by fixation and multiple breeding, select indices respectively
High offspring deer is used as new lines and cultivates screening；
Step (9) selects items to refer to from F1.1 offspring deer, F2.2 offspring deer, F1.2 offspring deer, F2.1 offspring's deer traversed by filial generation
Classic sika deer is marked as the blood lineage's core group for cultivating fine and soft meat dual-purpose type sika deer new lines.
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