CN109218847B - Download control method and device and multimedia terminal - Google Patents
Download control method and device and multimedia terminal Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a download control method, a download control device, a multimedia terminal and a computer storage medium, wherein a real-time download rate is obtained in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate; the downloading rate is the average downloading rate in the time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current time; comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source; when the comparison result is that the download speed is larger than the speed limit threshold of the download speed, the download is suspended until the download speed is smaller than or equal to the speed limit threshold of the download speed, and the download is restarted; the download rate of the terminal downloading the fragment source can be well limited not to be too high but to be close to or equal to the download rate threshold through the set download rate speed limit threshold, so that the problem of excessively occupying broadband resources can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of audio and video playing, in particular to a download control method and device and a multimedia terminal.
Background
With The rapid development of mobile internet, The popularization of OTT (OTT means that internet companies cross operators to develop various video and data service services based on The open internet) technology and The appearance of various intelligent terminal devices, such as online watching of videos through video terminals such as mobile phones, palm computers, set-Top boxes and The like, become more and more popular entertainment modes for people. Currently, the mainstream OTT service is implemented based on HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, dynamic rate adaptation technology of Apple), dash (dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP), or hss (HTTP Smooth Streaming) protocol. The common point of these protocols is that a slice source is encoded into multiple code rates, then the slice source with various code rates is cut into a plurality of fixed-duration slices, the slices with the same sequence number in different code rates correspond to the same video content, and an index file describes the information of each slice in detail for guiding a player how to play the file slices.
Referring to fig. 1, taking HLS protocol as an example, the content includes a first-level index of adaptive streaming media content and a plurality of second-level indexes of adaptive streaming media content and adaptive streaming media content fragments. The first-level index of the self-adaptive streaming media records a plurality of second-level indexes of the self-adaptive streaming media content with different code rates, and the second-level index of the self-adaptive streaming media content records a media fragment file with the corresponding code rate. By detecting the actual downloading rate of the current downloading fragment, if the actual downloading rate is higher than the coding code rate of the adjacent high-code-rate fragment, switching to the adjacent high-code-rate fragment for downloading after the current fragment is downloaded; and if the actual downloading rate is lower than the coding code rate of the current fragment, switching to the adjacent low-code-rate fragment for downloading after the current fragment is downloaded.
The mechanism can realize a fragment-by-fragment downloading and playing mode, and when the change of a network (namely the actual downloading speed) is detected, the network is switched to the fragment with the optimal code rate in time for downloading, so that the optimal playing effect is achieved in the aspects of playing fluency, picture definition or audio quality.
But HLS, DASH or HSS protocols do not describe the download rate policy for the terminal. If the download rate is not controlled, under the condition of better network environment, the terminal download rate in a certain period of time is very high, and the terminal does not download in a later period of time. The highest download rate may be several times higher than the encoding code rate of the film source, and theoretically, as long as the actual download rate reaches the encoding code rate, smooth playing of the film source with the code rate can be realized, so that the excessively high download rate only occupies network bandwidth resources, other users in the same network environment are affected, and substantial help is not generated on the aspects of picture definition or audio quality; meanwhile, if the situation occurs in a multimedia terminal (such as a set top box) provided with the probe device, the unstable code stream curve can cause errors in the playing state parameters of the third-party probe acquisition terminal, and normal audio and video playing of the terminal is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a download control method, a download control device and a terminal, and mainly solves the technical problems that: the existing protocol does not describe the downloading rate strategy of the terminal, which causes the problem that the network bandwidth resource is excessively occupied in the downloading process of the film source, and the normal use of other users in the same network environment is not facilitated.
To solve the foregoing technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a download control method, including:
in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate, acquiring a real-time downloading rate, wherein the downloading rate is an average downloading rate in a time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current time;
comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than a smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source;
and when the comparison result is that the comparison result is greater than the download speed limit threshold, suspending the downloading until the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold, and restarting the downloading.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a download control apparatus, including:
the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time downloading rate in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate, and the downloading rate is an average downloading rate in a time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current moment;
the comparison module is used for comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source;
and the processing module is used for suspending downloading when the comparison result is that the comparison result is greater than the download speed limit threshold value, and restarting the downloading until the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold value.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a multimedia terminal, including:
a memory for storing a download control program;
and the processor is used for executing the download rate control program stored in the memory so as to realize the steps of the download control method.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where a computer-executable instruction is stored in the computer storage medium, and the computer-executable instruction is used to execute any one of the foregoing download control methods.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the download control method, the download control device, the multimedia terminal and the computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, the real-time download rate is obtained in the process of downloading the fragment source with the current code rate; the downloading rate is the average downloading rate in the time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current moment; comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than a smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source; when the comparison result is that the download speed is greater than the download speed limit threshold, suspending the download until the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold, and restarting the download; the download rate of the terminal downloading the fragment source can be well limited not to be too high but to be close to or equal to the download rate threshold through the set download rate speed limit threshold, so that the problem of excessively occupying broadband resources can be solved; meanwhile, because the speed limit threshold of the download rate is greater than the smooth play rate of the currently downloaded slice source, the actual download rate is usually slightly greater than the smooth play rate, so that the smooth play of the slice source can be well ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a slicing structure of a slice source;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a download control method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a download control method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a download control apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multimedia terminal according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in order to solve the problem that the terminal excessively occupies broadband resources in the process of downloading a corresponding film source due to the fact that the existing protocol does not describe a terminal downloading rate strategy, so that normal use of other users in the same network environment is not facilitated, the embodiment of the invention provides a downloading control method.
Referring to fig. 2, the download control method includes the following steps:
s21: and acquiring a real-time downloading rate in the process of downloading the fragment source with the current code rate.
In this embodiment, the download rate is an average download rate in a time period from the start of downloading the segment source to the current time. For example, the terminal is currently downloading the slice source X1, and starts downloading from the time t 1-0, and assuming that the current downloading rate is obtained at the time t 2-1 ms, this time may specifically be the downloading rate at the time t 2-1 ms, that is, V2-m 1/(t2-t1), which is obtained by dividing the capacity m1 of the currently downloaded slice source X1 by the current time (i.e., t2-t 1-1 ms). The download rate of the slice source at any time can be calculated, for example, the download rate of the slice source at the time t 3-2.5 ms is V2-m 2/(t3-t1), where it is assumed that the capacity of the currently downloaded slice source X1 is m 2.
It should be understood that, when the real-time download rate is obtained in the foregoing manner, the capacity of the slice source that has been downloaded at the current time needs to be collected, specifically, the capacity is collected in any existing manner, specifically, the capacity may be collected by detecting the throughput of the network port of the terminal in real time, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, obtaining the real-time download rate may be performed according to a preset time interval, for example, when the playing duration of the current fragment source is 2ms, the current download rate may be obtained once at intervals of 0.01ms, 0.1ms, 0.2ms, and the like, and the download rate may be controlled very accurately by such high-frequency and high-precision acquisition and by subsequent steps S22 and S23, so as to solve the problem that the current bandwidth resource is seriously occupied by not performing rate limitation, which is not favorable for normal use and processing of other users in the same network environment or other applications in the same terminal.
S22: and comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate.
And comparing the acquired downloading rate for downloading the current fragment source with the downloading rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate. Specifically, in this embodiment, after the download rate is obtained through the preset corresponding relationship table, the download rate may be matched with the preset relationship table, so as to obtain a corresponding download rate speed limit threshold, and a comparison result is obtained by comparing the download rate speed limit threshold with the download rate speed limit threshold. For a better understanding, please see the following table:
TABLE 1
| Code rate | Download rate speed limit threshold |
| 128kbps | 40KB/s |
| 256kbps | 70KB/s |
| 512kbps | 80KB/s |
For example, the code rate of the currently downloading slice source is 128kbps, the obtained download rate at a certain time is 60KB/s, and as can be seen from table 1, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the slice source with the code rate of 128kbps is 40KB/s, so that the download rate of 60KB/s is compared with the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the slice source of 40KB/s, and at this time, it can be seen that the comparison result is greater than the download rate speed limit threshold of 40 KB/s.
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the currently downloaded slice source, where the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate at which the slice source is played smoothly. It should be noted that, a slice source with the same code rate corresponds to a unique smooth playing rate, and theoretically, when the download rate reaches the smooth playing rate, the smooth playing of the slice source can be realized. That is, the smooth playing of the fragmented video source can be theoretically realized when the download rate reaches the minimum download rate, and this situation is the limit situation of playing the fragmented video source smoothly without occupying additional broadband resources, so that the broadband resources can be saved to the maximum extent at this time.
For example, for a slice source with a bitrate of 128kbps, the smooth playback rate can be 128kbps/8 b-16 KB/s, see the following table:
TABLE 2
| Code rate | Smooth play rate | Download rate speed limit threshold |
| 128kbps | 16KB/s | 40KB/s |
| 256kbps | 32KB/s | 70KB/s |
| 512kbps | 64KB/s | 80KB/s |
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate corresponding to the code rate, so as to better ensure that the fragmented video source can be downloaded and played smoothly.
It should be understood that, in an actual application scenario, the scheme is not limited to the above code rate value and the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold, and may also be applied to a slice source with other code rates.
S23: and when the comparison result is that the comparison result is greater than the download speed limit threshold, suspending the downloading until the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold, and restarting the downloading.
When the current download rate is larger than the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold, the download is suspended, so that the download rate is indirectly limited, and the download is restarted until the download rate is smaller than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold, so that the download rate is kept near (slightly larger than, equal to or slightly smaller than) the download rate speed limit threshold.
Suspending the download to limit the download rate is essentially: in the process of suspending downloading, the slice source is not downloaded, that is, the current capacity of the slice source is not changed, but the total time is continuously increased (including the time of the suspension process), according to v ═ m/t, when m (that is, the downloaded capacity) is not changed and t (the total time) is increased, v (that is, the downloading rate) is correspondingly decreased, so that the effect of limiting the downloading rate is achieved.
It should be understood that the present solution may adopt other ways of limiting the download rate, and is not limited herein.
When the comparison result is greater than the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold, the download needs to be suspended to limit the download rate, and this example provides two ways of calculating the suspension time:
the first method is as follows: and when the current download rate is judged to be larger than the download rate speed limit threshold, continuing to pause the preset pause time length until the current download rate is smaller than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold, and restarting the download.
For example, the current download rate V4 is 10KB/1s is 10KB/s, where 10KB is the capacity of a slice source that has been currently downloaded (it may be assumed that the capacity of the slice source is 20KB), and 1s is the total time length from the beginning of downloading the slice source to the current time, so as to obtain a download rate V4 is 10KB/s, and it is assumed that the download rate V4 is 10KB/s greater than the download rate limit threshold 5KB/s corresponding to the slice source, which indicates that a high occupancy occurs to the broadband resource at this time, and therefore the download rate needs to be limited, a preset pause time length is first paused, which is assumed to be 0.5 seconds, and after the pause time length arrives, it is determined that the current download rate V5 is 10KB/(1s +0.5s) is 6.67KB/s, which is still greater than the download rate limit threshold, therefore, the pause is continued for 0.5s, and at this time, the current download rate V5 is 10KB/(1.5s +0.5s) 5KB/s, and is already less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold 5KB/s, at this time, the downloading of the remaining 10KB capacity of the slice source is restarted.
The second method comprises the following steps: calculating the actual required pause time length according to a preset rule, and restarting downloading when the actual required pause time length is reached; the preset rule is that the capacity of the current downloaded fragment source is divided by the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the fragment source, and then the time length from the beginning of downloading the fragment source to the current moment is subtracted.
For example, the size of a certain slice source that has been currently downloaded is 0.1KB (it may be assumed that the size of the slice source is 0.5KB), the total time length from the start of downloading the slice source to the current time is 1ms (where 1ms equals 0.001s), the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the slice source is 80KB/s, at this time, according to the preset rule provided by the present scheme, the time length T that actually needs to be suspended may be calculated to be 0.1/80-0.001 to 0.00025s to 0.25ms, that is, the time length that actually needs to be suspended is 0.25ms, and after suspending for 0.25ms, the current download rate is equal to the download rate speed limit threshold and is 80 KB/s. Compared with the first mode, the method can avoid multiple times of calculation pause while achieving the limit of the downloading rate.
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate may be further set to be greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the higher-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate; the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the highest-bit-rate fragment source is larger than the self smooth play speed.
It should be noted that different film sources may have film source files with different bit rates, for example, the following two film source files with different bit rates may exist for the film source P:
TABLE 3
It should be understood that, in the process of digitally encoding the film source P (analog quantity), a corresponding sampling rate can be adopted, so as to form a film source with a corresponding code rate, and the higher the sampling rate is, the closer the encoded file is to the original file, and the better the image and/or sound quality is. And fragmenting the fragment source files with the same code rate according to fixed time length to obtain the fragmented fragment sources with the same code rate. In general, the slice source contents of the same slice number are the same (of course, the picture or audio quality is different because the sampling rates used by the low-bitrate slice source and the high-bitrate slice source are different), see table 4, where the contents of the slice source 11 and the slice source 21 should be the same, the contents of the slice source 12 and the slice source 22 should be the same, and the contents of the slice source 13 and the slice source 23 should be the same. Of course, if there are other slice sources (in practical application, the slice source with the code rate of 16kbps in table 4 is not limited to three slice sources, i.e. slice source 11, slice source 12, and slice source 11, and may include thousands of slice sources), the principle is the same.
TABLE 4
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate may be further set to be greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the higher-level code rate slice source adjacent to the current code rate. Here, the higher bitrate adjacent to the current bitrate is not necessarily adjacent to a bitrate level (for example, a bitrate level of 32kbps adjacent to a bitrate level of 16 kbps), but should be determined according to the bitrate level actually existing in the chip source. Here, it is assumed that the slice source P only has slice source files of two bitrate levels of 16kbps and 64kbps, and at this time, the higher first bitrate adjacent to 16kbps is the slice source file of 64kbps because there is no slice file with bitrate of 32 kbps.
Continuing with table 4, here, the download rate speed limit threshold (10KB/s) of the slice source with the bitrate of 16kbps is set to be slightly larger than the smooth play rate of 8KB/s of the slice source with the bitrate of 64kbps, so that the download rate of the slice source with the bitrate reaching 8KB/s can be well ensured (of course, the network bandwidth should be larger than 8KB/s), and according to the existing protocol, the slice source can be freely switched to the corresponding slice source with the bitrate of 64kbps for downloading. For example, when the currently downloaded slice source is the slice source 11 and it is determined that it is necessary to switch to a slice source with a bitrate of 64kbps for downloading, the slice source 22 is selected for downloading (the content of the slice source 22 is the same as that of the slice source 12), so as to realize smooth playing of the slice source P.
It should be understood that, since the highest code rate does not exist and is higher than the code rate, the present embodiment sets the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the slice source with the highest code rate to be a smooth play rate greater than the highest code rate. When the current network bandwidth is enough, the download rate for downloading the fragment source is limited to be near the download rate speed limit threshold, so that the normal code rate switching can be realized, and meanwhile, the problem that the network bandwidth resources are seriously occupied in the download process is avoided.
In the process of downloading the corresponding film source, if the terminal cache is about to overflow or reaches a preset cache threshold value, the terminal cache is forcibly paused for a period of time and then downloaded, or the currently used download rate speed limit threshold value is temporarily switched to the smooth play rate corresponding to the current code rate, and when the terminal cache is judged to be lower than the preset cache threshold value, the terminal cache is switched back to the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold value. Therefore, the phenomenon that the normal playing of the terminal is influenced by the overflow of the terminal buffer is avoided.
The embodiment of the invention provides a download control method, which is used for acquiring a real-time download rate in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate; comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is larger than the fluent play rate of the fragmented film source, when the download rate is larger than the download rate speed limit threshold, suspending the download until the download rate is smaller than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold, and restarting the download; through the set download rate speed limit threshold, under the condition that the terminal can be ensured to be downloaded normally and played smoothly, the download rate of the terminal for downloading the fragmented source can be well limited not to be too high, but to be close to or equal to the download rate threshold, so that the problem of excessively occupying broadband resources can be solved, and the influence on the use of other users in the same network environment is avoided; meanwhile, because the speed limit threshold of the download rate is greater than the smooth play rate of the currently downloaded slice source, the actual download rate is usually slightly greater than the smooth play rate, so that the smooth play of the slice source can be well ensured. Furthermore, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate is set to be greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the high-level code rate adjacent to the current code rate, so that code rate switching can be freely realized in the downloading process of the fragment source, meanwhile, the smoothness of the code stream is also favorably ensured, the condition that the wave crest or the wave trough appears on a downloaded code stream curve is avoided, and the influence on the function of a third-party probe can be effectively reduced.
Example two:
the embodiment of the present invention provides a download control method based on the first embodiment, and is described with reference to specific examples to better understand the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the download control method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s301: and downloading the fragment source with the code rate of VL.
In this embodiment, a live webcast is taken as an example, assuming that a film source file with three code rates of VL (low code rate), VM (medium code rate), and VH (high code rate) exists in the live webcast, when a user starts to watch through a terminal (e.g., a mobile phone, a web television, etc.), that is, in a broadcast starting stage, the user may select a film segment source with any code rate to download, or download according to a preset code rate, for example, a default code rate of a system or a code rate manually set by the user, which is not limited in this embodiment. This embodiment assumes that the slice source of the low code rate VL is downloaded first.
S302: and controlling the download rate to be less than or equal to 1.1 VM.
In this embodiment, the preset correspondence table is as follows:
TABLE 5
| Code rate | Download rate limitVelocity threshold |
| Low code rate VL | 1.1VM |
| Medium bit rate VM | 1.1VH |
| High code rate VH | 1.2VH |
Therefore, when the current code rate is VL, the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold is 1.1VM, and the download rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.1 VM. By the download rate speed limit threshold set in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the normal download and smooth play of each code rate fragment source are performed, and at the same time, higher broadband resources are not occupied, and the switching download of different code rate fragment sources in the download process can be realized (for example, when the download rate of a fragment source downloading a low code rate VL is between VM and 1.1VM, the next fragment source will be switched to a medium code rate VM for downloading).
For the detailed execution of the step S302, please refer to steps S22 and S23 in the first embodiment, which are not described herein again.
S303: judging whether the downloading of the fragment source (code rate is VL) is finished; if yes, go to step S304; if not, go to step S301.
S304: judging whether the downloading rate of downloading the fragment source (code rate is VL) reaches VM (smooth playing rate of adjacent high-level code rate); if yes, go to step S305; if not, go to step S306.
S305: and downloading the corresponding fragment source with the code rate of the VM.
That is, after the above-mentioned video and audio sources with code rate VL are downloaded, if the download rate for downloading the video and audio sources reaches VM (between VM and 1.1 VM), the next corresponding video and audio sources with code rate VM are switched to download, so as to improve the quality of video and audio.
S306: and continuously downloading the next corresponding fragment source with the code rate of VL.
S307: the download rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.1 VH.
And when the code rate of the current downloaded fragment source is VM, controlling the download rate to be less than or equal to 1.1 VH.
S308: judging whether the downloading of the fragment source (with the code rate of VM) is finished; if yes, go to step S309; if not, go to step S305.
If the downloading of the slice source (rate of code is VM) is not completed, the downloading is continued (i.e. go to step S305).
S309: judging whether the download rate for downloading the fragment source (the code rate is VM) reaches VH; if yes, go to step S310; if not, go to step S311.
S310: and downloading the corresponding fragment source with the code rate of VH.
And after the downloading of the fragment source (with the code rate of VM) is finished, and the downloading rate for downloading the fragment source (with the code rate of VM) reaches VH (the smooth playing rate of the adjacent high-level code rate), switching to the corresponding fragment source of the VH with the code rate for downloading.
S311: judging whether the download rate of downloading the fragment source (the code rate is VM) reaches VM; if yes, go to step S312; if not, go to step S313.
S312: and downloading the next corresponding fragment source with the code rate of the VM.
S313: and switching to the corresponding fragment source with the code rate of VL for downloading.
S314: and controlling the download rate to be less than or equal to 1.2 VH.
S315: judging whether the downloading of the fragment source (with the code rate of VH) is finished; if yes, go to step S316; if not, go to step S310.
If the download is not complete, the remainder of the fragmented source continues to be downloaded.
S316: judging whether the downloading rate for downloading the fragment source (the code rate is VH) reaches VH; if yes, go to step S317; if not, go to step S318.
S317: and downloading the next corresponding fragment source with the code rate of VH.
S318: and downloading the next corresponding fragment source with the code rate of the VM.
If the downloading rate for downloading the fragment source (with the code rate of VH) reaches VH (between VH and 1.2 VH), continuing to download the next corresponding fragment source with the code rate (VH); otherwise, the downloading code rate is the corresponding fragment source of the VM, so as to ensure the fluency of playing.
Example three:
an embodiment of the present invention provides a download control apparatus, which is configured to implement the steps of the download control method described in the first embodiment and/or the second embodiment.
Referring to fig. 4, the download control apparatus 40 of the present embodiment includes an obtaining module 41, a comparing module 42, and a processing module 43. The obtaining module 41 is configured to obtain a real-time downloading rate in a process of downloading a slice source with a current bitrate, where the downloading rate is an average downloading rate in a time period from when the slice source starts downloading to a current time.
The obtaining module 41 may obtain the downloading rate of the slice source by obtaining the capacity of the slice source that has been downloaded currently, divided by the time from the start of downloading the slice source to the current time. It should be understood that the obtaining module 41 may specifically obtain the capacity of the slice source that has been currently downloaded by detecting the throughput of the network port of the terminal in real time. Of course, the present embodiment is not limited to what manner is adopted to obtain the real-time download rate, and the existing obtaining manner may be arbitrarily selected.
The obtaining module 41 obtains the real-time download rate according to a preset time interval, for example, when the playing duration of the current fragment source is 10ms, the current download rate can be obtained once every 0.01ms, 0.1ms, 0.5ms, etc., the download rate can be controlled very accurately by the high-frequency and high-precision collection and by the subsequent steps S22 and S23, so that the problem that the existing method does not perform rate limitation, which causes serious occupation of broadband resources, and is not beneficial to normal use and processing of other users or other applications under the same network environment or the same terminal can be solved well.
The comparing module 42 is configured to compare the download rate obtained by the obtaining module 41 with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate. The download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the segment source, and it should be noted that the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate at which the segment source is played smoothly, that is, the rate corresponding to the code rate of the segment source.
In this embodiment, after the obtaining module 41 obtains the download rate through the preset corresponding relationship table, the comparing module 42 may match the download rate with the preset relationship table, so as to obtain a corresponding download rate speed limit threshold, and obtain a comparison result by comparing with the download rate speed limit threshold.
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the currently downloaded slice source, where the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate at which the slice source is played smoothly. It should be noted that, a slice source with the same code rate corresponds to a unique smooth playing rate, and theoretically, when the download rate reaches the smooth playing rate, the smooth playing of the slice source can be realized. That is, the smooth playing of the fragmented video source can be theoretically realized when the download rate reaches the minimum download rate, and this situation is the limit situation of playing the fragmented video source smoothly without occupying additional broadband resources, so that the broadband resources can be saved to the maximum extent at this time.
The processing module 43 is configured to suspend downloading when the comparison result obtained by the comparing module 42 is greater than the download rate speed limit threshold, and restart downloading when the download rate is less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold. And limiting the download rate by controlling the download time until the download rate is less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold, and restarting the download to keep the download rate close to the download rate speed limit threshold.
In this embodiment, when determining that the downloading needs to be suspended, the processing module 43 may suspend according to a preset suspension time length (for example, a suspension time length flexibly set according to a simulation result), when the preset suspension time length is reached, calculate the current downloading rate, and when determining that the current downloading rate is greater than the downloading rate speed limit threshold, continue to suspend the preset suspension time length until the current downloading rate is less than or equal to the downloading rate speed limit threshold, restart the downloading.
Or calculating the actual required pause time length according to a preset rule, and restarting the downloading when the actual required pause time length is reached; the preset rule is that the capacity of the current downloaded fragment source is divided by the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the fragment source, and then the time length from the beginning of downloading the fragment source to the current moment is subtracted.
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate may be further set to be greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the higher-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate; the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the highest-bit-rate fragment source is larger than the self smooth play speed. In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current bitrate may be further set to be greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the higher bitrate slice source adjacent to the current bitrate.
It should be understood that, since the highest code rate does not exist and is higher than the code rate, the present embodiment sets the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the slice source with the highest code rate to be a smooth play rate greater than the highest code rate. When the current network bandwidth is enough, the download rate for downloading the fragment source is limited to be near the download rate speed limit threshold, so that the normal code rate switching can be realized, and meanwhile, the problem that the network bandwidth resources are seriously occupied in the download process is avoided.
In the process of downloading the corresponding film source, if the terminal cache is about to overflow or reaches a preset cache threshold value, the terminal cache is forcibly paused for a period of time and then downloaded, or the currently used download rate speed limit threshold value is temporarily switched to the smooth play rate corresponding to the current code rate, and when the terminal cache is judged to be lower than the preset cache threshold value, the terminal cache is switched back to the corresponding download rate speed limit threshold value. Therefore, the phenomenon that the normal playing of the terminal is influenced by the overflow of the terminal buffer is avoided.
The processing module 43 is further configured to switch to the corresponding higher-level code rate fragment source for downloading when the downloading rate for downloading the current code rate fragment source reaches the smooth playing rate of the higher-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate after the current code rate fragment source is downloaded.
The processing module 43 is further configured to switch to the corresponding lower-level bit rate sliced film source adjacent to the current bit rate for downloading when the downloading rate is lower than the smooth playing rate of the sliced film source with the current bit rate after the sliced film source with the current bit rate is downloaded. Therefore, switching among different code rates is freely realized in the downloading process of the fragment source.
In this example, the obtaining module, the comparing module and the processing module may be implemented by a processor or a controller.
The download control device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes an obtaining module 41, a comparing module 42, and a processing module 43, where the obtaining module 41 is configured to obtain a real-time download rate in a process of downloading a slice source with a current code rate, the comparing module 42 is configured to compare the download rate obtained by the obtaining module 41 with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, and the processing module 43 is configured to suspend downloading when a comparison result obtained by the comparing module 42 is greater than the download rate speed limit threshold, and restart downloading when the download rate is less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold; the processing module 43 is further configured to, after downloading the segment source with the current code rate, switch to the corresponding segment source with the higher first-level code rate for downloading when the downloading rate of the segment source with the current code rate reaches the smooth playing rate of the segment source with the higher first-level code rate adjacent to the current code rate; the processing module 43 is further configured to switch to the corresponding lower-level bit rate sliced film source adjacent to the current bit rate for downloading when the downloading rate is lower than the smooth playing rate of the sliced film source with the current bit rate after the sliced film source with the current bit rate is downloaded. Therefore, switching among different code rates is freely realized in the downloading process of the fragment source. According to the scheme, the terminal can freely realize the code rate up-down switching, the smoothness of the code stream is guaranteed as much as possible, and the situation that the wave crest or the wave trough appears in a downloaded code stream curve is avoided, so that the influence is generated on a network or the influence is generated on the service function of a third-party probe.
Example four:
an embodiment of the present invention provides a multimedia terminal 50, please refer to fig. 5, which includes a memory 51 for storing a download control program; the processor 52 is configured to execute the download rate control program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the download rate control method according to the first embodiment and/or the second embodiment, and includes:
acquiring a real-time downloading rate in the process of downloading the fragment source of the current code rate; and comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, and when the comparison result is that the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the download rate speed limit threshold, suspending the download until the download rate is less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold, and restarting the download.
Or, the step of the processor 52 executing, suspending the downloading until the downloading rate is less than or equal to the downloading rate speed limit threshold value, and restarting the downloading includes: calculating the actual required pause time length according to a preset rule, and restarting downloading when the actual required pause time length is reached; the preset rule is that the capacity of the current downloaded fragment source is divided by the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the fragment source, and then the time length from the beginning of downloading the fragment source to the current moment is subtracted.
In this embodiment, the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate is greater than or equal to the smooth play rate of the higher-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate; the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the highest-bit-rate fragment source is larger than the self smooth play speed. The processor 52 is also configured to execute the download control program stored in the memory 51 to implement the steps of:
after downloading the slicing source with the current code rate, when the downloading rate of the slicing source with the current code rate reaches the smooth playing rate of the slicing source with the higher first-level code rate adjacent to the current code rate, switching to the corresponding slicing source with the higher first-level code rate for downloading.
In this embodiment, the processor 52 is further configured to execute the download control program stored in the memory 51, so as to implement the following steps:
after downloading the fragment source with the current code rate, when the downloading rate is lower than the smooth playing rate of the fragment source with the current code rate, switching to the corresponding fragment source with the lower code rate adjacent to the current code rate for downloading.
In this embodiment, the multimedia terminal 50 specifically includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a set-top box, a tablet computer, a network television, and the like.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a multimedia terminal 50, including: the memory 51 is used for storing a download control program; the processor 52 is used for executing the download rate control program stored in the memory to realize the steps of the download control method; the problem of excessively occupying broadband resources is solved, and the influence on the use of other users in the same network environment is avoided; and code rate switching can be freely realized in the downloading process of the fragment source, the smoothness of the code stream is ensured, the condition that the wave crest or the wave trough appears in the downloading code stream curve is avoided, and the influence on the function of a third-party probe can be effectively reduced.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the embodiments of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored on a computer storage medium (ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be considered limited to such descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A download control method, comprising:
in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate, acquiring a real-time downloading rate, wherein the downloading rate is an average downloading rate in a time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current time;
comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than a smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source;
when the comparison result is that the download speed is greater than the download speed limit threshold, suspending the download until the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold, and restarting the download;
the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate is greater than or equal to the smooth playing rate of the high-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate; the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the highest-bit-rate fragment source is larger than the self smooth play speed;
the download control method further comprises: after downloading the slicing source with the current code rate, when the downloading rate of the slicing source with the current code rate reaches the smooth playing rate of the slicing source with the higher first-level code rate adjacent to the current code rate, switching to the corresponding slicing source with the higher first-level code rate for downloading.
2. The download control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said suspending the download until said download rate is less than or equal to said download rate speed limit threshold to restart the download comprises:
and suspending the downloading according to a preset suspension time length, calculating the current downloading speed when the preset suspension time length is reached, and continuing suspending the preset suspension time length when the current downloading speed is judged to be greater than the downloading speed limit threshold until the current downloading speed is less than or equal to the downloading speed limit threshold to restart the downloading.
3. The download control method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said suspending the download until said download rate is less than or equal to said download rate speed limit threshold to restart the download comprises:
calculating the actual required pause time length according to a preset rule, and restarting downloading when the actual required pause time length is reached;
the preset rule is that the capacity of the current downloaded fragment source is divided by the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the fragment source, and then the time length from the beginning of downloading the fragment source to the current moment is subtracted.
4. The download control method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: after downloading the fragment source with the current code rate, when the downloading rate is lower than the smooth playing rate of the fragment source with the current code rate, switching to the corresponding fragment source with the lower code rate adjacent to the current code rate for downloading.
5. A download control apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time downloading rate in the process of downloading a fragment source with a current code rate, and the downloading rate is an average downloading rate in a time period from the start of downloading the fragment source to the current moment;
the comparison module is used for comparing the download rate with a download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate, wherein the download rate speed limit threshold is greater than the smooth play rate of the fragmented film source, and the smooth play rate is the minimum download rate for smoothly playing the fragmented film source;
the processing module is used for suspending downloading when the comparison result is that the comparison result is greater than the download speed limit threshold value, and restarting the downloading when the download speed is less than or equal to the download speed limit threshold value;
the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the current code rate is greater than or equal to the smooth playing rate of the high-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate; the download speed limit threshold corresponding to the highest-bit-rate fragment source is larger than the self smooth play speed;
the processing module is further configured to switch to the corresponding higher-level code rate fragment source for downloading when the downloading rate of the current-rate fragment source reaches the smooth playing rate of the higher-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate after the current-rate fragment source is downloaded.
6. The download control apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing module is configured to suspend the download according to a preset suspension time length, calculate a current download rate when the preset suspension time length is reached, and continue suspending the preset suspension time length when the current download rate is determined to be greater than the download rate speed limit threshold until the download is restarted when the current download rate is less than or equal to the download rate speed limit threshold.
7. The download control device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing module is configured to calculate an actual required pause time length according to a preset rule, and restart the download when the actual required pause time length is reached;
the preset rule is that the capacity of the current downloaded fragment source is divided by the download rate speed limit threshold corresponding to the fragment source, and then the time length from the beginning of downloading the fragment source to the current moment is subtracted.
8. The download control apparatus according to any of claims 5 to 7,
the processing module is further configured to switch to a corresponding lower-level code rate fragment source adjacent to the current code rate for downloading when the downloading rate is lower than the smooth playing rate of the current-rate fragment source after the downloading of the current-rate fragment source is completed.
9. A multimedia terminal, comprising:
a memory for storing a download control program;
a processor for executing a download control program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the download control method of any of the above claims 1-4.
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| PCT/CN2018/092797 WO2019001407A1 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2018-06-26 | Download control method and device, multimedia terminal and computer storage medium |
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| CN110035014B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2022-08-16 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Network speed control method and device and mobile terminal |
| CN110401691B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-11-16 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Resource downloading control method, device and terminal |
| CN110430453B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2022-03-25 | 咪咕视讯科技有限公司 | Video multi-code-rate switching processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN110740174A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-31 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | File downloading speed limiting method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN110868626B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-06-11 | 北京达佳互联信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for preloading content data |
| CN111193772B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-04-05 | 商客通尚景科技（上海）股份有限公司 | File downloading method and server |
| CN113473248B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-03-24 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Streaming media transmission method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111917585A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-10 | 湖南快乐阳光互动娱乐传媒有限公司 | OTA (over the air) upgrading method and device |
| CN112153428B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-07-12 | 上海连尚网络科技有限公司 | Video processing method and device |
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