CN109213861A - In conjunction with the tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary - Google Patents

In conjunction with the tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary Download PDF

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CN109213861A
CN109213861A CN201810862476.4A CN201810862476A CN109213861A CN 109213861 A CN109213861 A CN 109213861A CN 201810862476 A CN201810862476 A CN 201810862476A CN 109213861 A CN109213861 A CN 109213861A
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曹渝昆
巢俊乙
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the tourism evaluation sensibility classification methods of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary, to realize the tourism user evaluation semantic classification whole to tourism according to tourist's evaluation text whole to the travelling, comprising the following steps: 1) affective characteristics processing stage: carry out vectorization processing to the affective characteristics in tourism comment by constructing the compound dedicated sentiment dictionary of tourism;2) data preprocessing phase: to original comment text training term vector and context vector splicing is carried out, spliced vector is merged with the affective characteristics after vectorization, the input as two-way GRU neural network;3) the two-way GRU text semantic disaggregated model stage: the two-way GRU neural network of training simultaneously classifies to tourism evaluation emotion.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as that accuracy is high, considers the robustness of accuracy and the machine learning of sentiment dictionary.

Description

In conjunction with the tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural language processing and deep learning fields, more particularly, to a kind of combination At_GRU neural network With the tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of sentiment dictionary.
Background technique
Travelling route evaluation is record tourist in the feedback for the specific itinerary that travel site formulates certain sight spot, is most Directly satisfaction or suggestion opinion of the expression passenger to this itinerary, the vertical tie for connecting passenger and tour site. It is evaluated by travelling route, passenger can elaborate the route and supply other trips to routing, lodging situation, transport arrangement etc. Visitor uses for reference, and tourist corporation can also directly listen to opinions, and quick response improves, adjusts the details such as this itinerary, promotes clothes Business, the satisfaction for reinforcing passenger.Therefore detailed analysis rapidly and accurately carried out to travelling route evaluation, handled and obtained precisely Opinion rating and classification can be greatly improved itinerary optimal speed, shorten feedback gap, while reducing manual analysis expense With and effectively promoted travel companies service quality.
Travelling route evaluation information is the important information for recording passenger's feedback, is mainly shown as the natural language of short text form Epilegma is fallen.Simultaneously in recent years, be constantly in high speed development about natural language processing technique, especially using text semantic analyze as Important research object is especially prominent, and text semantic analysis carries out structuring extraction, analysis and understanding to text, from semantic level It is associated, thus accurate understanding text meaning.Semantic analysis includes conventional method and deep learning method, wherein depth Study can extract more effective text features and higher accuracy rate compared to conventional method.At home and abroad have big Amount scholar did correlative study, what has generation to propose that the combination of multiple features semanteme based on decision tree excavates, and summer name head et al. is used ICTCLAS participle technique and word frequency statistics carry out the excavation of commodity evaluating characteristic, but fail to quote deep learning training, thus More accurately feature cannot be extracted well, and Li Jie et al. carries out short text analysis using CNN model, but fails to make full use of Hereafter semantic information causes not accurate enough problem of classifying.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of combination At_GRU minds Tourism evaluation sensibility classification method through network and sentiment dictionary.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary, to according to tourist couple The whole evaluation text of the travelling realizes the tourism user evaluation semantic classification whole to tourism, comprising the following steps:
1) affective characteristics processing stage: special to the emotion in tourism comment by constructing the compound dedicated sentiment dictionary of tourism Sign carries out vectorization processing;
2) data preprocessing phase: to original comment text training term vector and context vector splicing is carried out, will be spliced Vector afterwards is merged with the affective characteristics after vectorization, the input as two-way GRU neural network;
3) the two-way GRU text semantic disaggregated model stage: the two-way GRU neural network of training simultaneously carries out tourism evaluation emotion Classification.
The step 1) specifically includes the following steps:
11) the compound dedicated sentiment dictionary of tourism is constructed: a variety of existing sentiment dictionaries of statistics, and merge therein identical Polarity word forms compound sentiment dictionary, respectively to the tourism evaluation term vector after compound sentiment dictionary and participle, and obtains The Euclidean distance for taking each word and all words of tourism evaluation in dictionary selects closely located as close similar emotion Word, fusion form the dedicated sentiment dictionary of compound tourism;
12) semantic logic rule process: read tourism comment, using Chinese and English punctuation mark as subordinate sentence identify to comment on into Row subordinate sentence, and obtain according to the part of speech of subordinate sentence the emotional value M (m of each subordinate sentence1,m2,m3,m4,m5), m1-m5The respectively subordinate sentence In whether include negative word, degree adverb and emotion word, finally in conjunction with the emotion commented on as this of emotional value of each subordinate sentence Polarity;
13) affective characteristics vectorization: the feeling polarities for the subordinate sentence handled well are carried out to increase dimension dyad.
In the step 11), existing sentiment dictionary includes Tsinghua University's dictionary, Hownet Hownet sentiment dictionary and platform Gulf university simplified form of Chinese Character sentiment dictionary.
The step 2) specifically includes the following steps:
21) it segments, remove stop words and training term vector: original comment text information being defined as S, includes composition Word collection W (w1,w2,...,wn), n is the word quantity of sentence S, after being segmented using ICTCLAS tool to original comment text simultaneously Stop words is removed, using Word2vec tool to word collection W (w1,w2,...,wn) carry out term vector training, each word wiTable It is shown as the term vector form of 50 dimensions;
22) it combines splicing context vector: defining i-th of word w in sentenceiAll remaining sentence information that the left side includes For Cl(wi), the right residue sentence information is Cr(wi), be translated into after term vector generate combine spliced 50 dimension word to Amount;
23) feature vector merges: the affective characteristics after spliced 50 dimension term vector and vectorization will be combined to count Amount product processing fusion forms 55 final dimension term vectors, and as the input of GRU network.
In the step 22), expression formula is specifically defined are as follows:
cl(wi)=f (W(l)cl(wi-1)+W(sl)e(wi-1))
cr(wi)=f (W(r)cr(wi+1)+W(sr)e(wi+1))
Wherein, W(l)W(r)For by hidden layer, i.e. the context switch matrix that is next hidden layer, W(sl)For for combining The matrix of current word and next word left side text relationship semanteme, W(sr)For for combining current word and a upper word The matrix of the right text relationship semanteme, f are nonlinear activation function, cl(wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1The institute that the left side includes There are remaining sentence information, e (wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1Term vector form, e (wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1Word Vector form, cr(wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1All remaining sentence information that the right includes.
The step 3) specifically includes the following steps:
31) the two-way GRU network of training: constructing two-way GRU network, by 55 dimension term vector training sets respectively from sentence forward direction It is loaded into At_GRU model with reversed, and carries out arameter optimization and complete training;
32) for having trained the two-way GRU network model completed, by new tourism user's evaluation carry out data prediction at It for term vector, and is loaded into model and carries out emotional semantic classification, realize the natural language sentiment analysis to every user's evaluation, it is final to open up Existing form be guide service, whether force consumption, traffic route, 5 dimensions of routing and lodging food and drink be satisfied with, Generally, it is unsatisfied with the feeling polarities classification of three kinds of degree, and is indicated respectively with 1,0, -1, shows every travelling route passenger couple The experience of 5 dimensions is fed back.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
One, by the exclusive dictionary of building tourism, the training corpus of great neural network is provided, it is logical compared to original With sentiment dictionary, nicety of grading more can increase.
Two, the feelings that form reinforces context semantic relation and combination is generated based on semantic logic rule are spliced by term vector Feel polar character and completely new feature vector is generated by specific fusion formula.Keep the accuracy of its existing sentiment dictionary also organic The robustness of device study.
Three, by two-way GRU neural metwork training, compared to the unidirectional neural network of tradition, Direct/Reverse more can be parsed effectively The semantic information of sentence.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is semantic logic structure figure.
Fig. 2 is term vector context splicing construction figure.
Fig. 3 model framework structure flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes the tourism of a kind of pinpoint accuracy, the combination At_GRU neural network with study property and sentiment dictionary Sensibility classification method is evaluated, as shown in figure 3, including three big steps:
One, affective characteristics processing stage
(1) tourism sentiment dictionary building: statistics Tsinghua University's dictionary, Hownet Hownet sentiment dictionary, Taiwan Univ. are simplified A variety of sentiment dictionaries such as Chinese sentiment dictionary merge identical polar word, abundant opposed polarity word, improve and make compound feelings Feel dictionary, later the tourism evaluation after the compound sentiment dictionary of term vectorization and participle respectively, and calculate in dictionary each word with The Euclidean distance of all words of tourism evaluation, select it is closely located as close similar emotion word, and finally fusion make it is multiple The dedicated sentiment dictionary of mould assembly tourism.
(2) semantic logic rule process: each tourism comment is read, with Chinese and English punctuation mark (.,?!!) make Subordinate sentence is carried out to comment for subordinate sentence mark;Emotional value is obtained to each subordinate sentence of comment, process of calculation analysis is as shown in Figure 1, figure In, Y indicates that emotional value be that 1, N indicates that emotional value is 0, to the emotional value of each subordinate sentence whether contain negative word, degree adverb, Emotion word, exclamative sentence, confirmative question dimension are analyzed, and positive use " 1 " indicates, passive use " -1 " indicates, neutrality " 0 " table Show, and forms the feeling polarities vector that 5 dimensional vectors are commented on as this.
(3) affective characteristics vectorization: the feeling polarities for the subordinate sentence handled well are carried out to increase dimension and term vector.
Two, data preprocessing phase
(1) participle, stop words removal and term vector training: urtext information is defined as S, the word collection comprising composition W(w1,w2,...,wn), n represents the word quantity of sentence S.It is deactivated segmenting and removing to urtext using ICTCLAS tool After word, using Word2vec tool to word collection W (w1,w2,...,wn) carry out term vector training, each word wiGenerate dimension For 50 term vector form.
(2) it combines splicing context vector: defining i-th of word w in sentenceiAll remaining sentence information that the left side includes For Cl(wi), the right residue sentence information is Cr(wi), be translated into after term vector generate combine spliced 50 dimension word to Amount, specifically defines expression formula are as follows:
cl(wi)=f (W(l)cl(wi-1)+W(sl)e(wi-1))
cr(wi)=f (W(r)cr(wi+1)+W(sr)e(wi+1))
Wherein, W(l)W(r)For by hidden layer, i.e. the context switch matrix that is next hidden layer, W(sl)For for combining The matrix of current word and next word left side text relationship semanteme, W(sr)For for combining current word and a upper word The matrix of the right text relationship semanteme, f are nonlinear activation function, cl(wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1The institute that the left side includes There are remaining sentence information, e (wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1Term vector form, e (wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1Word Vector form, cr(wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1All remaining sentence information that the right includes;
Three, the two-way GRU text semantic disaggregated model stage
(1) two-way GRU network training: constructing two-way GRU network, by 55 dimension term vector training set Y { y1,y2,..., ynBe loaded into At_GRU model from sentence forward direction and reversely respectively, form double-direction model training.
(2) system is loaded into the network model trained and completed, and is loaded into model for new tourism user's evaluation later, mould Type carries out emotional semantic classification to it, realizes to every user's evaluation in route planning, whether forces consumption, traffic convenience, time peace The dimensions such as row carry out the feeling polarities classification of satisfied, general, dissatisfied three kinds of degree, be tourist to the travelling route it is several compared with There is clear and intuitive understanding in terms of for concern, better route decision is provided.
Embodiment
" one of domestic four overall gardens are proved to be for following tourism comment text!Either scale or setting, none is not Embody the distinctive small bridge over the flowing stream in Jiangnan other, how beautiful pavilions, terraces and open halls is, and a winding path leads to quiet seclusion, and cobbled path is oblique!Lotus pool ... in water ".Implement Following steps:
1, data prediction
1) data are segmented, the processing such as noise remove, is finally produced the following result:
" it deserve to be called domestic four overall gardens!Either scale setting, none embodies the peculiar small bridge over the flowing stream in Jiangnan, pavilions, terraces and open halls show Beautiful, a winding path leads to quiet seclusion, and cobbled path is oblique!Lotus pool north lotus leaf is upper one times big in water, and lotus, which flickers, to blaze, more than ten days ... .. "
2) term vector training is carried out to each word, generates 50 dimension term vectors, as follows:
" gardens 0.15164 0.30177-0.16763 0.17684 0.31719 0.33973-0.43478- 0.31086-0.44999 -0.29486 0.16608 0.11963 -0.41328”
3) term vector for splicing each word and the associated word of its context, generates 50 completely new dimension term vectors
2, affective characteristics processing stage
1) be directed to already present several well-known sentiment dictionaries, as " Hownet homenet sentiment dictionary, Taiwan Univ. it is simplified in Literary sentiment dictionary, Tsinghua University's sentiment dictionary etc. " is arranged and is integrated.
2) each word in term vector sentiment dictionary, and calculate and evaluate the European of term vector with what is generated in first step Distance is selected with similarity in each sentiment dictionary close to 10% word, is formed and construct exclusive tourism sentiment dictionary.
3) it is based on exclusive tourism sentiment dictionary, the analysis and processing of feeling polarities are carried out to every tourism evaluation, analysis is It is no if any mark " 1 ", not mark " 0 ", and ultimately generate 6 dimensional vectors there are also degree adverb, rhetorical question word etc., such as " 0,1,1.1,0,0, 1”。
4) term vector generated with first step carries out fusion treatment, final to generate 55 dimension term vector V1 " 0.31719 0.33973 -0.43478 -0.31086 -0.44999 -0.29486 0.16608 -0.41328....”。
3, the two-way GRU text semantic disaggregated model stage
1) GRU neural network is constructed, and is loaded into training set term vector V1
2) training network, and carry out artificial adjust and join, ultimately generate model M
3) it is loaded into test set, and finally generates classifying quality R (1,0,1, -1,0).
The present invention is spliced form by term vector and reinforces context semantic relation and combine to be generated based on semantic logic rule Feeling polarities feature, pass through fusion and generate completely new feature vector.Making the accuracy of its existing sentiment dictionary also has engineering The robustness of habit.The semantic classification method that the results show is proposed has higher accuracy.

Claims (6)

1. the tourism evaluation sensibility classification method of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary, to according to tourist to this The whole evaluation text of travelling realizes the tourism user evaluation semantic classification whole to tourism, which is characterized in that including following step It is rapid:
1) affective characteristics processing stage: by construct the compound dedicated sentiment dictionary of tourism to the affective characteristics in tourism comment into Row vectorization processing;
2) data preprocessing phase: to original comment text training term vector and carrying out context vector splicing, will be spliced Vector is merged with the affective characteristics after vectorization, the input as two-way GRU neural network;
3) the two-way GRU text semantic disaggregated model stage: the two-way GRU neural network of training simultaneously divides tourism evaluation emotion Class.
2. the tourism evaluation emotional semantic classification side of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that the step 1) specifically includes the following steps:
11) the compound dedicated sentiment dictionary of tourism is constructed: a variety of existing sentiment dictionaries of statistics, and merge identical polar therein Word forms compound sentiment dictionary, respectively to the tourism evaluation term vector after compound sentiment dictionary and participle, and obtains word The Euclidean distance of each word and all words of tourism evaluation in allusion quotation, selects closely located as close similar emotion word, melts Conjunction forms the dedicated sentiment dictionary of compound tourism;
12) semantic logic rule process: tourism comment is read, is identified using Chinese and English punctuation mark as subordinate sentence and comment is divided Sentence, and obtain according to the part of speech of subordinate sentence the emotional value of each subordinate sentence, in conjunction with the feelings commented on as this of emotional value of each subordinate sentence Feel polarity;
13) affective characteristics vectorization: the feeling polarities for the subordinate sentence handled well are carried out to increase dimension dyad.
3. the tourism evaluation emotional semantic classification side of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary according to claim 2 Method, which is characterized in that in the step 11), existing sentiment dictionary includes Tsinghua University's dictionary, Hownet Hownet emotion word Allusion quotation and Taiwan Univ.'s simplified form of Chinese Character sentiment dictionary.
4. the tourism evaluation emotional semantic classification side of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that the step 2) specifically includes the following steps:
21) it segments, remove stop words and training term vector: original comment text information being defined as S, the word comprising composition Collect W (w1,w2,...,wn), n is the word quantity of sentence S, after being segmented using ICTCLAS tool to original comment text and is removed Stop words, using Word2vec tool to word collection W (w1,w2,...,wn) carry out term vector training, each word wiIt is expressed as The term vector form of 50 dimensions;
22) it combines splicing context vector: defining i-th of word w in sentenceiAll remaining sentence information that the left side includes are Cl (wi), the right residue sentence information is Cr(wi), it generates after being translated into term vector in conjunction with spliced 50 dimension term vector;
23) feature vector merges: the affective characteristics after spliced 50 dimension term vector and vectorization will be combined to carry out scalar product Processing fusion forms 55 final dimension term vectors, and as the input of GRU network.
5. the tourism evaluation emotional semantic classification side of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary according to claim 4 Method, which is characterized in that in the step 22), specifically define expression formula are as follows:
cl(wi)=f (W(l)cl(wi-1)+W(sl)e(wi-1))
cr(wi)=f (W(r)cr(wi+1)+W(sr)e(wi+1))
Wherein, W(l)W(r)For by hidden layer, i.e. the context switch matrix that is next hidden layer, W(sl)It is current for combining The matrix of word and next word left side text relationship semanteme, W(sr)For for combining on the right of current word and a upper word The matrix of text relationship semanteme, f are nonlinear activation function, cl(wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1The left side includes all surplus Remaining sentence information, e (wi-1) it is (i-1)-th word wi-1Term vector form, e (wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1Term vector Form, cr(wi+1) it is i+1 word wi+1All remaining sentence information that the right includes.
6. the tourism evaluation emotional semantic classification side of a kind of combination At_GRU neural network and sentiment dictionary according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that the step 3) specifically includes the following steps:
31) the two-way GRU network of training: constructing two-way GRU network, by 55 dimension term vector training sets respectively from sentence forward direction and anti- Into loading At_GRU model, and carries out arameter optimization and complete training;
32) for having trained the two-way GRU network model completed, new tourism user's evaluation, which is carried out data prediction, becomes word Vector, and be loaded into model and carry out emotional semantic classification, it realizes to the natural language sentiment analysis of every user's evaluation, finally shows shape Formula be guide service, whether force consumption, traffic route, 5 dimensions of routing and lodging food and drink carry out be satisfied with, one As, the feeling polarities classification of dissatisfied three kinds of degree, and respectively with 1,0, -1 expression, show every travelling route passenger to this 5 The experience of a dimension is fed back.
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CN110083825A (en) * 2019-03-21 2019-08-02 昆明理工大学 A kind of Laotian sentiment analysis method based on GRU model
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