CN109187431B - Liquid refractive index measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Liquid refractive index measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109187431B CN109187431B CN201811236901.5A CN201811236901A CN109187431B CN 109187431 B CN109187431 B CN 109187431B CN 201811236901 A CN201811236901 A CN 201811236901A CN 109187431 B CN109187431 B CN 109187431B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/4133—Refractometers, e.g. differential
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/43—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length by measuring critical angle
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Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid refractive index measuring device and a measuring method, comprising the following steps: a light source for generating a light beam, an optical resin prism for refracting the light beam, and an image sensor for receiving an image of the light beam; the optical resin prism comprises an incident surface capable of allowing a light beam to enter, a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and an emergent surface capable of allowing the light beam to emit, wherein the first surface, the second surface and the third surface are contacted with liquid to be measured; the first surface, the second surface and the third surface which are contacted with the liquid to be measured can enable at least part of light rays in the light beams to form total reflection, and a first reflected light beam, a second reflected light beam and a third reflected light beam are respectively formed. Therefore, the influence of bubbles in the liquid to be measured on the refractive index measurement of the liquid is reduced, and meanwhile, the miniaturization of the device is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a liquid refractive index measurement device and a measurement method.
Background
In the prior art, the refractive index is one of important optical parameters of a liquid, and by means of the refractive index, the optical performance, purity, concentration, dispersion and other properties of the liquid can be known, and other parameters (such as temperature) are closely related to the refractive index. Therefore, the measurement of the refractive index of a liquid is of great importance in the fields of chemical industry, medicine, food, petroleum and the like.
The total reflection critical angle imaging method is a commonly used method for measuring the refractive index of liquid, and calculates the refractive index of the liquid to be measured by measuring the emergence angle of light rays at a critical angle according to the total reflection principle. As shown in fig. 1, a typical total reflection critical angle measurement system includes a light source U1, a prism U3, and an image sensor U2, and in operation, a light beam emitted from the light source U1 passes through the prism U3 to reach an interface between a measured liquid X and the prism U3, where the light beam is separated into refracted light and reflected light, where the reflected light is received by the image sensor U2, and a bright-dark image is generated as shown on the right side in fig. 1. In the bright-dark image, the bright portion corresponds to the light totally reflected at the interface between the solution to be measured X and the prism U3, the dark portion corresponds to the light not totally reflected, and the bright-dark cut-off corresponds to the critical angle at which total reflection occurs. Since the change in the refractive index of the measured liquid causes a change in the critical angle for total reflection, the critical angle for total reflection can be obtained by measuring the position of the cut-off, and the refractive index of the measured liquid can be obtained.
However, when the liquid to be measured contains bubbles, the single total reflection measurement method cannot avoid the interference of the bubbles on the measurement, so that accurate measurement is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid refractive index measuring device and a liquid refractive index measuring method, which are used for solving the problem of inaccurate liquid refractive index measurement in the prior art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid refractive index measurement apparatus comprising:
the device comprises a light source for generating a light beam, an optical resin prism for refracting an incident light beam, a linear array image sensor for receiving an emergent light beam image, and a refractive index calculation module for calculating the refractive index of liquid to be measured;
the optical resin prism comprises an incident surface capable of enabling a light beam to enter and form an incident light beam, a first surface, a second surface and a third surface which are in contact with liquid to be measured, and an emitting surface capable of enabling the light beam to emit and form an emitting light beam; the first surface, the second surface and the third surface which are contacted with the liquid to be measured can enable at least part of light rays in the light beams to form total reflection, and a first reflected light beam, a second reflected light beam and a third reflected light beam are respectively formed;
light beams emitted by the light source enter an incident surface of the optical resin prism to form incident light beams;
the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism, and at least part of light rays on the first surface and the liquid to be measured are subjected to total reflection to form a first reflected light beam;
the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism and contacts the liquid to be measured again on the second surface and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam;
the second reflected light beam propagates inside the optical resin prism and is contacted with the liquid to be measured again on the third surface and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam;
the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface.
A collimating lens is arranged between the light source and the optical resin prism;
and the light beam emitted by the light source enters the incidence surface of the optical resin prism after passing through the collimating lens.
The collimating lens consists of an aspherical mirror and 2 optical surfaces of a Bawil prism.
The first surface and the third surface are symmetrical with respect to the center of the optical resin prism.
The second surface is parallel to the incident surface and the emitting surface.
The incident surface, the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the emergent surface and the optical resin prism are integrally formed.
The refractive index of the optical resin prism is 1.50-1.75;
the incident surface is a toric lens;
the outgoing surface is a cylindrical mirror.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid refractive index measuring method, employing the liquid refractive index measuring device as described above, comprising:
light beams emitted by the light source enter an incident surface of the optical resin prism to form incident light beams;
the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism, and at least part of light rays on the first surface and the liquid to be measured are subjected to total reflection to form a first reflected light beam;
the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism and contacts the liquid to be measured again on the second surface and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam;
the second reflected light beam propagates inside the optical resin prism and is contacted with the liquid to be measured again on the third surface and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam;
the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface;
an image sensor collects an image of the third reflected beam;
the refractive index calculation module calculates the refractive index of the liquid to be measured according to the acquired corresponding relation between the image of the third reflection light beam and the refractive index.
A collimating lens is arranged between the light source and the optical resin prism;
and the light beam emitted by the light source enters the incidence surface of the optical resin prism after passing through the collimating lens.
The first surface and the third surface are symmetrical relative to the center of the optical resin prism;
the second surface is parallel to the incident surface and the emergent surface;
the incident surface, the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the emergent surface and the optical resin prism are integrally formed.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned scheme are:
according to the liquid refractive index measuring device and method, the refractive index of the liquid to be measured is calculated by utilizing the correspondence between the light beam images totally reflected on the contact surfaces of the optical resin prism and the liquid to be measured and the refractive index of the liquid to be measured, so that the interference of bubbles in the liquid to be measured on a measuring result is eliminated/inhibited, and the adaptability of the measuring device is improved. At the same time, the volume of the measuring device is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art liquid refractive index measurement device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical principle of the device for measuring refractive index of liquid according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical principle of the device for measuring refractive index of liquid according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical principle of the device for measuring refractive index of liquid according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an optical path of a liquid refractive index measurement device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of bubble disturbance resolution of the device for measuring refractive index of liquid according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 7 to 9 are schematic diagrams of ray tracing simulation provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In each embodiment of the invention, multiple total reflection can be realized, and redundant total reflection light generated due to the action of bubbles in the liquid to be measured is refracted out of the device through the contact surface of the prism and the liquid to be measured again. Thereby achieving the effect of screening accurate total reflection light rays and avoiding/reducing the influence of bubbles on measurement. At the same time, miniaturization of the device is achieved.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a liquid refractive index measurement apparatus, comprising:
a light source U1, preferably a laser light source, for limiting the angle of incidence of the incident light beam;
the optical resin prism U3 includes an incident surface, a first surface S2 in contact with the liquid C to be measured, a second surface S3, a third surface S4, and an exit surface S5.
The light beam emitted by the light source U1 is incident into the optical resin prism U3 through the incident surface to form an incident light beam, the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism U3 and at least part of light rays are totally reflected with the liquid C to be measured on the first surface S2 to form a first reflected light beam, the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism U3 and is contacted with the liquid C to be measured again on the second surface S3 and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam, the second reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism U3 and is contacted with the liquid C to be measured again on the third surface S4 and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam, and the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface S5;
an image sensor U4, preferably a line image sensor, for capturing an image of the third reflected light beam emitted through the emission surface S5;
a refractive index calculating module (not shown) for calculating the refractive index of the liquid C to be measured according to the correspondence between the third reflected light beam image and the refractive index.
According to the liquid refractive index measuring device, the refractive index of the liquid C to be measured is calculated by utilizing the correspondence between the light beam image of multiple total reflections on the contact surface of the optical resin prism U3 and the liquid C to be measured and the refractive index of the liquid C to be measured, so that the interference of bubbles in the liquid C to be measured on a measuring result is eliminated/suppressed. Thereby improving the measurement accuracy, the reliability and the adaptability of the measurement device. At the same time, the volume of the measuring device is reduced.
Preferably, the light source is a laser light source.
Preferably, the first surface S2 and the third surface S4 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the optical resin prism U3.
Preferably, the second surface S3 is parallel to the incident surface and the emitting surface S5.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a liquid refractive index measurement apparatus, which further includes, on the basis of embodiment 1:
and a collimator lens U2 disposed between the light source U1 and the optical resin prism U3, for converging the light beam emitted from the light source U1 to be incident into the optical resin prism U3. And the principal axis of the collimator lens U2 coincides with the center of the light source.
Further, the collimating lens U2 is composed of 2 optical surfaces, and one optical surface is an aspherical mirror; the other optical surface is a powell lens.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a liquid refractive index measuring device, which further includes an incident surface S1 and an emitting surface S5 on the basis of embodiment 2. The incident surface S1 is used for controlling the angle of incident light within a certain range; the outgoing surface S5 is used for enlarging the included angle of the outgoing light beam.
Further, the incident surface S1 is a toric lens.
Further, the emission surface S5 is a cylindrical mirror.
Preferably, the incident surface S1 and the exit surface S5 are integrally formed with the optical resin prism U3, and more preferably, an optical transparent resin material is used; the integrated molding is adopted, so that the assembly consistency of the optical component is ensured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, when the incident beam reaches the first surface S2 of the optical resin prism U3, which is in contact with the liquid C to be measured, the incident angle range thereof is a1-a2, the critical angle of total reflection corresponding to the liquid C to be measured is ac, the light (a 1-ac) smaller than the critical angle is refracted out of the device, and the light (ac-a 2) larger than the critical angle is totally reflected to form a first reflected beam, and the first reflected beam continues to propagate in the optical resin prism U3 and reaches the second surface S3. At this time, the incident angle of the light beam is between a3-a4 and is greater than ac. Thus, the light beam is totally reflected, forms a second reflected light beam, continues to propagate in the optical resin prism U3, and reaches the third surface S4. At this time, the incident angle of the light beam is between a7-a8, and a7-a8 is equal to ac-a2 and greater than ac because S2 and S4 are symmetrical. Accordingly, the second reflected light beam is totally reflected, forms a third reflected light beam, continues to propagate through the optical resin prism U3, and reaches the exit surface S5. And is emitted after being diffused in S5 to reach the line image sensor U4.
If the liquid C to be measured has bubbles, the bubbles are in a suspension state and are not contacted with the optical resin prism U3, so that the measurement of the device is not influenced.
The air bubbles are in contact with the S2 surface of the optical resin prism U3 and are located between ac-a 2. Because the bubbles are gas, the refractive index of the gas is far smaller than that of the liquid C to be measured. Therefore, the light beam is totally reflected, and the measurement of the device is not affected.
The bubble is in contact with the S2 surface of the optical resin prism U3 and is located between a 1-ac. Because the bubbles are gas, the refractive index of the gas is far smaller than that of the liquid C to be measured. Thus, the beam is totally reflected as well, and an excessive total reflection beam is generated as shown in fig. 6.
The excess beam and the useful second reflected beam form a composite total reflected beam that propagates within the optical resin prism U3 to the S3 surface. At this time, the incidence angle of the excessive total reflection beam in the composite total reflection beam is between a4-a5 and is greater than ac. Therefore, the composite beam undergoes total reflection, continues to propagate in the optical resin prism U3, and reaches the third surface S4. At this time, the incidence angle of the redundant total reflection light beam in the composite total reflection light beam is between a6-a7, and a6-a7 is equal to a1-ac and smaller than ac because S2 and S4 are in symmetrical relation. Therefore, the excessive light beam will be refracted out of the device, while the useful light beam continues to propagate in the optical resin prism U3 to form a third reflected light beam, and is emitted after reaching the emission surface S5, without affecting the measurement of the device.
The air bubbles are not only in contact with the S2 surface of the optical resin prism U3, but also between a 1-ac. At the same time, there are also bubbles in contact with the S4 surface of the optical resin prism U3 and located between a6-a 7. The redundant light beam can not be refracted out of the device, and the composite total reflection light beam is formed to be emitted out of the emitting surface S5, so that the measurement of the device can be influenced.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, when the present apparatus simulated by ray tracing software is used to measure the liquid C to be measured having different refractive indexes, the third reflected beam is directed to the image of the line image sensor.
Fig. 7 is an image of a measured refractive index of 1.3330 (deionized water).
Fig. 8 is an image of a liquid having a measured refractive index of 1.4250.
Fig. 9 is an image of a liquid having a measured refractive index of 1.5230.
Example 4
According to the above embodiments, embodiment 4 provides a method for measuring refractive index of a liquid, the liquid refractive index measuring device provided by the above embodiments, including:
light beams emitted by the light source enter an incident surface of the optical resin prism to form incident light beams;
the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism, and at least part of light rays on the first surface and the liquid to be measured are subjected to total reflection to form a first reflected light beam;
the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism and contacts the liquid to be measured again on the second surface and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam;
the second reflected light beam propagates inside the optical resin prism and is contacted with the liquid to be measured again on the third surface and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam;
the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface;
a linear array image sensor acquires an image of the third reflected light beam;
the refractive index calculation module calculates the refractive index of the liquid to be measured according to the acquired corresponding relation between the image of the third reflection light beam and the refractive index.
A collimating lens is arranged between the light source and the optical resin prism;
and the light beam emitted by the light source enters the incidence surface of the optical resin prism after passing through the collimating lens.
The first surface and the third surface are symmetrical relative to the center of the optical resin prism;
the second surface is parallel to the incident surface and the emergent surface;
the incident surface, the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the emergent surface and the optical resin prism are integrally formed.
In summary, in each embodiment of the present invention, multiple total reflection can be achieved, and the excessive total reflection light generated due to the effect of the bubbles in the liquid to be measured is refracted out of the device again through the contact surface between the prism and the liquid to be measured. Thereby achieving the effect of screening accurate total reflection light rays and avoiding/reducing the influence of bubbles on measurement. At the same time, miniaturization of the device is achieved.
According to the liquid refractive index measuring device and method, the refractive index of the liquid to be measured is calculated by utilizing the correspondence between the light beam images totally reflected on the contact surfaces of the optical resin prism and the liquid to be measured and the refractive index of the liquid to be measured, so that the interference of bubbles in the liquid to be measured on a measuring result is eliminated/inhibited, and the adaptability of the measuring device is improved. At the same time, the volume of the measuring device is reduced.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A liquid refractive index measuring device, comprising:
a light source for generating a light beam, an optical resin prism for refracting an incident light beam, and an image sensor for receiving an image of an outgoing light beam;
the optical resin prism comprises an incident surface capable of enabling a light beam to enter and form an incident light beam, a first surface, a second surface and a third surface which are in contact with liquid to be measured, and an emitting surface capable of enabling the light beam to emit and form an emitting light beam; the first surface, the second surface and the third surface which are contacted with the liquid to be measured can enable at least part of light rays in the light beams to form total reflection, and a first reflected light beam, a second reflected light beam and a third reflected light beam are respectively formed;
light beams emitted by the light source enter an incident surface of the optical resin prism to form incident light beams;
the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism, and at least part of light rays on the first surface and the liquid to be measured are subjected to total reflection to form a first reflected light beam;
the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism and contacts the liquid to be measured again on the second surface and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam;
the second reflected light beam propagates inside the optical resin prism and is contacted with the liquid to be measured again on the third surface and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam;
the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface;
the first surface and the third surface are symmetrical with respect to the center of the optical resin prism.
2. The liquid refractive index measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a collimating lens is provided between the light source and the optical resin prism;
and the light beam emitted by the light source enters the incidence surface of the optical resin prism after passing through the collimating lens.
3. The liquid refractive index measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the collimator lens is composed of an aspherical mirror and 2 optical surfaces of a powell lens.
4. The liquid refractive index measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second surface is parallel to the incident surface and the emission surface.
5. The liquid refractive index measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the incident surface, the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the exit surface, and the optical resin prism are integrally molded.
6. The liquid refractive index measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the optical resin prism is between 1.50 and 1.75;
the incident surface is a toric lens;
the outgoing surface is a cylindrical mirror.
7. A liquid refractive index measuring method using the liquid refractive index measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
light beams emitted by the light source enter an incident surface of the optical resin prism to form incident light beams;
the incident light beam propagates in the optical resin prism, and at least part of light rays on the first surface and the liquid to be measured are subjected to total reflection to form a first reflected light beam;
the first reflected light beam propagates in the optical resin prism and contacts the liquid to be measured again on the second surface and is totally reflected to form a second reflected light beam;
the second reflected light beam propagates inside the optical resin prism and is contacted with the liquid to be measured again on the third surface and is totally reflected to form a third reflected light beam;
the third reflected light beam is emitted through the emitting surface;
an image sensor collects an image of the third reflected beam;
the refractive index calculation module calculates the refractive index of the liquid to be measured according to the acquired corresponding relation between the image of the third reflection light beam and the refractive index.
8. The method for measuring the refractive index of a liquid according to claim 7, comprising:
a collimating lens is arranged between the light source and the optical resin prism;
and the light beam emitted by the light source enters the incidence surface of the optical resin prism after passing through the collimating lens.
9. The method for measuring the refractive index of a liquid according to claim 7, comprising:
the first surface and the third surface are symmetrical relative to the center of the optical resin prism;
the second surface is parallel to the incident surface and the emergent surface;
the incident surface, the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the emergent surface and the optical resin prism are integrally formed.
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| CN110333187A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-15 | 四川维思达光学技术有限公司 | A kind of detection spoon measuring strength of fluid |
| CN110398476B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2024-02-23 | 四川维思达光学技术有限公司 | Pen-type layout optical system for measuring refractive index of liquid and measuring method thereof |
| CN110320179B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2024-03-19 | 四川维思达光学技术有限公司 | Working face condensation liquid refractive index test probe and light refraction method thereof |
| AT524268B1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-01-15 | Anton Paar Gmbh | Method for determining the critical angle of total internal reflection in a liquid sample |
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