CN109187355A - A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure - Google Patents

A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109187355A
CN109187355A CN201811025417.8A CN201811025417A CN109187355A CN 109187355 A CN109187355 A CN 109187355A CN 201811025417 A CN201811025417 A CN 201811025417A CN 109187355 A CN109187355 A CN 109187355A
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high reflection
reflection mirror
optical
motion seat
mirror
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欧阳彬
王玉政
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Shenzhen City Capri Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen City Capri Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811025417.8A priority Critical patent/CN109187355A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
    • G01N21/0303—Optical path conditioning in cuvettes, e.g. windows; adapted optical elements or systems; path modifying or adjustment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
    • G01N2021/151—Gas blown

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure, before the mirror surface for the high reflection mirror that purge gass (such as such as high-purity nitrogen or air) can be directed respectively into optical cavity structure both ends by the purging gas path device, to block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined inside optical cavity structure directly to contact with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends, mirror surface is avoided to cause its reflectivity to decline due to gas or particulate matter absorption.On this basis, optical cavity structure can measure the concentration of atmospheric molecule by directly measuring the light absorption of atmospheric molecule, so the sensitivity coefficient for demarcating detecting instrument with the calibrating gas of known concentration is not needed, so as to effectively, easily detect the concentration of above-mentioned atmospheric molecule and the delustring of Atmospheric particulates.In addition, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can repeatedly dramatically increase absorption light path in the embodiment of the present application, so as to dramatically increase the absorption of atmospheric molecule, and then the atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration is effectively detected.

Description

A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure
Technical field
This application involves environmental monitoring technology field more particularly to a kind of purging gas path devices applied to optical cavity structure.
Background technique
Along with society, economic continuous development, atmosphere pollution is in world's most area, especially in developing country Area increasingly attracts people's attention.In order to detect the severity of atmosphere pollution, it usually needs using detecting instrument to big Gas molecule (such as NO2、HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) concentration detected.In the prior art, inspection is being utilized It surveys before the concentration of instrument detection atmospheric molecule, it usually needs the spirit of detecting instrument is first demarcated with the calibrating gas of known concentration Quick coefficient (sensitivity coefficient), and the sensitive system of detecting instrument is demarcated with the calibrating gas of known concentration Number can add additional complexity and step to detection；In addition, the purchase of calibrating gas, transport etc. may costly, it is cumbersome, It is even difficult to calibrating gas (such as N obtained sometimes2O5And NO3), to aggravate detection difficulty；In addition, existing detecting instrument pair It is undesirable in the detection effect of the atmospheric molecule of super low concentration.
Summary of the invention
A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the purging gas path device can be with Before the mirror surface for the high reflection mirror that purge gass (as such as high-purity nitrogen or air) are directed respectively into optical cavity structure both ends, to block light The gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined inside cavity configuration directly connects with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends Touching (directly contact will lead to specular reflectivity and be gradually decreased over time due to gas or particulate matter absorption), so as to Effectively, atmospheric molecule (such as NO is easily detected2、HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) concentration, and can be effective The atmospheric molecule concentration of ground detection super low concentration.
The embodiment of the present application first aspect discloses a kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure, the optical cavity structure It include: cavity pipe, the left end of the cavity pipe is equipped with the first high reflection mirror, and the right end of the cavity pipe is equipped with the second high reflection Mirror；The mirror surface of the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror and second high reflection mirror realizes collimation；First high reflection mirror Outside is equipped with the first convex lens, and the outside of second high reflection mirror is equipped with the second convex lens；The first end of first optical fiber is used for The emission port of light source is connected, the second end of first optical fiber is placed in the outside focus of first convex lens；Second For the first end of optical fiber for connecting spectrometer, the outside that the second end of second optical fiber is placed on second convex lens is burnt Point on；When gas full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe, first convex lens is to described the The cavity pipe is injected after the collimation of light derived from one optical fiber, so that light is after roundtrip is multiple between the high reflection mirror of two sides It leaves the cavity pipe and is focused on second optical fiber via second convex lens, then imported via second optical fiber The spectrometer；
The purging gas path device, including first throttle nanopore device, second throttling nanopore device, particulate filter, Pressure controller and high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder；The gas outlet of the high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder and the pressure The air intake of controller is connected to, and the gas outlet of the pressure controller is connected to the air intake of the particulate filter, described The gas outlet of particulate filter respectively with the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device and it is described second throttling nanopore device Air intake described in be connected to；What the first throttle nanopore device was used to input the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device Before purge gass import the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror, to block the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe Gas directly contacted with the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror；The second throttling nanopore device by described second for throttling Before the purge gass of the air intake input of nanopore device import the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror, to block in the cavity pipe The gas of atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined is directly contacted with the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror.
Based on the embodiment of the present application in a first aspect, in the first embodiment of the embodiment of the present application first aspect, institute State optical cavity structure further include:
The left end of the cavity pipe, and described first is arranged in first optical motion seat, the first optical motion seat High reflection mirror is fixed on the first optical motion seat；
The first optical motion seat is equipped with tilt angle for adjusting first high reflection mirror, so that described the The mirror surface of the mirror surface of one high reflection mirror and second high reflection mirror realizes the adjusting screw of collimation.
The first embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the second of the embodiment of the present application first aspect In kind embodiment, the optical cavity structure further include:
The outside of the first optical motion seat is arranged in second optical motion seat, the second optical motion seat, and First convex lens is fixed on the second optical motion seat；
The second optical motion seat is equipped with for adjusting first convex lens relative to first high reflection mirror Tilt angle so that first convex lens and first high reflection mirror realize the adjusting screw of collimation between the two.
Second of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, in the third of the embodiment of the present application first aspect In kind embodiment:
The second end of first optical fiber is arranged on the second optical motion seat, and the second optical motion seat On be additionally provided with for the distance between the second end of the first optical fiber described in Level tune and first convex lens so that described The second end of one optical fiber is placed on the optical fiber adjusting knob in the outside focus of first convex lens.
Second of the first embodiment or the embodiment of the present application first aspect based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect The third embodiment of kind of embodiment or the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the of the embodiment of the present application first aspect In four kinds of embodiments, the optical cavity structure further include:
The right end of the cavity pipe, and described second is arranged in third optical motion seat, the third optical motion seat High reflection mirror is fixed on the third optical motion seat；
The third optical motion seat is equipped with tilt angle for adjusting second high reflection mirror, so that described the The mirror surface of the mirror surface of two high reflection mirrors and first high reflection mirror realizes the adjusting screw of collimation.
The 4th kind of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the 5th of the embodiment of the present application first aspect the Kind embodiment, the optical cavity structure further include:
The outside of the third optical motion seat is arranged in 4th optical motion seat, the 4th optical motion seat, and Second convex lens is fixed on the 4th optical motion seat；
The 4th optical motion seat is equipped with for adjusting second convex lens relative to second high reflection mirror Tilt angle so that second convex lens and second high reflection mirror realize the adjusting screw of collimation between the two.
The 5th kind of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the 6th of the embodiment of the present application first aspect the In kind embodiment:
The second end of second optical fiber is arranged on the 4th optical motion seat, and the 4th optical motion seat On be additionally provided with for the distance between the second end of the second optical fiber described in Level tune and second convex lens so that described The second end of two optical fiber is placed on the optical fiber adjusting knob in the outside focus of second convex lens.
The 6th kind of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the 7th of the embodiment of the present application first aspect the In kind embodiment:
The first bellows and first are disposed with from the first optical motion seat to the left end of the cavity pipe Microscope base and chamber mount；
First microscope base and chamber mount are equipped with the air inlet pipe for being pumped into gas to the cavity pipe.
The 7th kind of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the 8th of the embodiment of the present application first aspect the In kind embodiment:
The second bellows and second are disposed with from the third optical motion seat to the right end of the cavity pipe Microscope base and chamber mount；
Second microscope base and chamber mount are equipped with for the escape pipe for the cavity pipe output gas.
The 8th kind of embodiment based on the embodiment of the present application first aspect, the 9th of the embodiment of the present application first aspect the In kind embodiment:
The first purge gass air inlet pipe is additionally provided on first microscope base and chamber mount, wherein the first throttle micropore Device is used to lead the first purge gass air inlet pipe that purges air through that the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device inputs Before the mirror surface for entering first high reflection mirror, with block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe with The mirror surface of first high reflection mirror directly contacts；
The second purge gass air inlet pipe is additionally provided on second microscope base and chamber mount, wherein the second throttling micropore Device is used to lead the second purge gass air inlet pipe that purges air through of the air intake input of the second throttling nanopore device Before the mirror surface for entering second high reflection mirror, with block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe with The mirror surface of second high reflection mirror directly contacts；
Wherein, the purge gass include high-purity nitrogen or air.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present application has the advantage that
In the embodiment of the present application, which can be directed respectively into purge gass (such as high-purity nitrogen or air) Before the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends, to block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined inside optical cavity structure Body directly contacted with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends (directly contact will lead to since gas or particulate matter are adsorbed in Mirror surface and specular reflectivity is gradually decreased over time).On this basis, the optical cavity structure can be by directly surveying Measure atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) light absorption measure the concentration of atmospheric molecule, so The sensitivity coefficient that detecting instrument is demarcated with the calibrating gas of known concentration is not needed, so as to effectively, easily detect State the concentration of atmospheric molecule and the delustring of Atmospheric particulates.In addition, light is between the high reflection mirror of two sides in the embodiment of the present application Roundtrip can dramatically increase absorption light path, and increased multiple is 1/ (1-R), and wherein R is the mirror-reflection of high reflection mirror Rate, it is assumed that R is 0.9999 and the distance between two sides high reflection mirror is 1 meter, then can realize (in 1 meter of the spacing) The absorption light path of ten thousand metres (i.e. 10 kilometers), according to Beer-Lambert law of light absorption, the absorption light path of this overlength can be with The absorption of atmospheric molecule is dramatically increased, so as to which the atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration is effectively detected.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, below will be to needed in the embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present application, for ability For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached Figure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of atmospheric molecule detection system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow diagram of atmospheric molecule detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete Site preparation description.Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application.Based on this Embodiment in application, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example is applied, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
It should be noted that the term " includes " of the embodiment of the present application and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that Be to cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing the process, method, system, product or equipment of a series of steps or units not Those of be necessarily limited to be clearly listed step or unit, but may include be not clearly listed or for these processes, side The intrinsic other step or units of method, product or equipment.
A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the purging gas path device can be with Before the mirror surface for the high reflection mirror that purge gass (such as high-purity nitrogen or air) are directed respectively into optical cavity structure both ends, to block optical cavity The gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined of inside configuration is directly contacted with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends (directly contact will lead to specular reflectivity gradually decrease over time), so as to effectively, easily detect atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) concentration, and the atmospheric molecule of super low concentration can be effectively detected Concentration.Attached drawing is combined below to be described in detail.
For a kind of better, the clearer purging gas circuit applied to optical cavity structure for understanding the embodiment of the present application description Device, below first to the invention relates to atmospheric molecule detection system be described.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of atmospheric molecule detection system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.Such as Fig. 1 institute Show, which includes:
Light is formed by identical two sides high reflection mirror (i.e. positioned at the high reflection mirror in left side and positioned at the high reflection mirror on right side) Cavity configuration, the mirror surface of the two sides high reflection mirror realize that collimation, i.e., the mirror surface of the described two sides high reflection mirror are facing each other；The light Cavity configuration is equipped with air inlet and air outlet；One end (left end shown in FIG. 1) of the optical cavity structure is laid with the first convex lens, The other end (right end shown in FIG. 1) of the optical cavity structure is laid with the second convex lens.Wherein, one end of the first optical fiber connects light The light emitting mouth in source, the light source can be by thermostat (such as thermoelectric (al) cooler) to incoherence intense light source (such as light-emitting diodes Pipe) the constant temperature light source of constant temperature composition is carried out, the other end of first optical fiber is placed on the first convex lens shown in Fig. 1 In focus (i.e. outside focus)；Wherein, one end of the second optical fiber connects spectrometer (such as wide-band spectrum instrument), second optical fiber The other end be placed in the focus (i.e. outside focus) of the second convex lens shown in Fig. 1.Spectrometer (such as broadband Spectrometer) it is connect by data line with control computer.
Optionally, in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, when the light source is by thermostat (such as thermoelectric-cooled Device) to incoherence intense light source (such as light emitting diode) carry out constant temperature composition constant temperature light source when, constitute the constant temperature light source The thermostat (such as thermoelectric (al) cooler) and the incoherence intense light source (such as light emitting diode) can be by light source and thermostats Drive module controls its work, realizes constant temperature effect.Optionally, in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, Ke Yiyou Power supply is respectively the light source and thermostat drive module, the constant temperature light source, the spectrometer and control by supply lines Computer (such as computer) power supply.Optionally, in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, can also include air-extractor and Solenoid valve；Correspondingly, power supply can also be respectively the air-extractor and solenoid valve power supply by supply lines.The pumping The function of equipment be extraneous atmosphere to be analyzed is pumped by the air inlet of the optical cavity structure according to the flow velocity set described in In optical cavity structure, until the gas full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the optical cavity structure.For example, the pumping Gas equipment can be the combination of a metering aspiration pump or aspiration pump and mass flow controller, or be aspiration pump With the combination of throttle pipe, the embodiment of the present application is not construed as limiting.Wherein, the solenoid valve can pass through data line and control electricity Brain connection；The function of the solenoid valve is that, when inputting matching voltage signal, switch state can change；For example, right In normally opened solenoid valve, after inputting matching voltage signal, which can be closed；And the solenoid valve for often closing, input The voltage signal matched can be such that the solenoid valve opens.In atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, solenoid valve can be used as control The switch of adscititious gases gas circuit processed.
It is to be appreciated that for ease of description, only illustrating one in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1 The optical cavity structure, in practical applications, the quantity of the optical cavity structure can not be made for one or more, the embodiment of the present application It limits.
In atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, by thermoelectric (al) cooler to incoherence intense light source (such as light-emitting diodes Pipe) carry out constant temperature constitute constant temperature light source when, can to avoid due to temperature drift cause source emissioning light spectrum change.Due to the perseverance The light that warm light source is launched can be exported via first optical fiber, and the other end of first optical fiber is placed on again In the focus of first convex lens shown in Fig. 1, it can be close in parallel from the light that first convex lens appears in this way Light (light that the i.e. described constant temperature light source is launched is collimated by first convex lens), and from described in the injection of the high reflection mirror in left side Optical cavity structure, and be successfully entered the light of the optical cavity structure roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides and repeatedly dramatically increase suction After receiving light path, the optical cavity structure finally is left from the high reflection mirror on right side, and is focused on via second convex lens described It on second optical fiber, finally imports the spectrometer and carries out light splitting and photon detection, to obtain described in one wavelength range of covering It is full of the light intensity map I (λ) when the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in optical cavity, and is supplied to the control computer, By it is described control computer according to the light intensity map I (λ) and preset formula calculate the concentration undetermined atmospheric molecule it is dense Spend c.
In the embodiment of the present application, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can dramatically increase absorption light path, inhale The receipts increased multiple of light path is 1/ (1-R), and wherein R is the specular reflectivity of high reflection mirror, it is assumed that R 0.9999, and two sides is high The distance between reflecting mirror is 1 meter, then the absorption light path of ten thousand metres (i.e. 10 kilometers) can be realized (in 1 meter of the spacing), According to Beer-Lambert law of light absorption, the absorption light path of this overlength can dramatically increase the absorption of atmospheric molecule, thus The atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration can be effectively detected.
In the embodiment of the present application, different atmospheric molecules is also different to the characteristic absorption of ultraviolet-visible light.Such as it is big Gas molecule NO2There is strong characteristic absorption within the scope of 350-600nm, it is therefore, big containing concentration undetermined when being full of in above-mentioned optical cavity Gas molecule NO2Gas when, the luminous intensity in this wavelength band has obvious decaying, and the ratio to decay at different wave length is not Together, occurrence depends on NO2Absorption at these wavelength is strong and weak.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, control computer can be right Light intensity map I (λ) carries out spectral data analysis, to analyze the atmospheric molecule NO of concentration undetermined2And its concentration.
In the embodiment of the present application, in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, if the ambient particle object in gas is dense Degree is very high, and the delustring as caused by ambient particle object is very strong, and a particulate filter being added in air inlet, (such as particulate matter is filtered Film) ambient particle object is filtered.
In the embodiment of the present application, in atmospheric molecule detection system shown in Fig. 1, the hardware for needing to process has:
(1) optical cavity structure:
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of optical cavity structure that atmospheric molecule detection system includes disclosed in the embodiment of the present application Structural schematic diagram.As shown in Fig. 2, the optical cavity structure includes:
The left end of cavity pipe 11, the cavity pipe 11 is equipped with the first high reflection mirror 21, and the right end of the cavity pipe 11 is equipped with Second high reflection mirror 22；Wherein, the first high reflection mirror 21 is identical as the second high reflection mirror 22；
Wherein, the mirror surface of the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror 21 and second high reflection mirror 22 realizes collimation；It is described The outside of first high reflection mirror 21 is equipped with the first convex lens 31, and the outside of second high reflection mirror 22 is equipped with the second convex lens 32；
The first end of first optical fiber 41 is used to connect the emission port of light source, and the second end of first optical fiber 41 is (i.e. described The terminal of first optical fiber) it is placed in the outside focus of first convex lens 31；The first end of second optical fiber 42 is for connecting Spectrometer is connect, the second end (terminal of i.e. described second optical fiber) of second optical fiber 42 is placed on second convex lens In the focus of outside；
Full of atmospheric molecule (such as NO containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe 112、HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3、 HONO etc.) gas when, first convex lens 31 to light derived from first optical fiber 41 collimate after inject (from left end First high reflection mirror 21 is injected) the cavity pipe 11 so that light between two sides high reflection mirror (i.e. 21 and 22) back and forth The cavity pipe 11 is left after reflection repeatedly and is focused on second optical fiber 42 via second convex lens 32, then via Second optical fiber 42 imports the spectrometer；Wherein, the spectrometer can carry out light splitting and photon detection, to be covered The light intensity map I (λ) of one wavelength range is simultaneously supplied to control computer；
When in the cavity pipe 11 full of zero gas of atmospheric molecule for not containing concentration undetermined, first convex lens 31 To injection after the collimation of light derived from first optical fiber 41 (being injected from first high reflection mirror 21 of the left end) cavity Pipe 11 so that light leave after roundtrip is multiple between two sides high reflection mirror (i.e. 21 and 22) the cavity pipe 11 and via Second convex lens 32 focuses on second optical fiber 42, then imports the spectrometer via second optical fiber 42；Its In, the spectrometer can carry out light splitting and photon detection, to obtain the light intensity map I of one wavelength range of covering0(λ) is simultaneously mentioned Supply control computer；
Computer is controlled according to light intensity map I (λ) and light intensity map I0(λ) calculates the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined Concentration c.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application, the optical cavity structure can also include:
The left end of the cavity pipe 11, and institute is arranged in first optical motion seat 51, the first optical motion seat 51 The first high reflection mirror 21 is stated to be fixed on the first optical motion seat 51；
The first optical motion seat 51 is equipped with the tilt angle for adjusting first high reflection mirror 21, so that institute The mirror surface of the mirror surface and second high reflection mirror 22 of stating the first high reflection mirror 21 realizes the adjusting screw 61 of collimation.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application, the optical cavity structure can also include:
The outer of the first optical motion seat 51 is arranged in second optical motion seat 52, the second optical motion seat 52 Side, and first convex lens 31 is fixed on the second optical motion seat 52；
The second optical motion seat 52 is equipped with high anti-relative to described first for adjusting first convex lens 31 The tilt angle of mirror 21 is penetrated, so that first convex lens 31 and first high reflection mirror 21 realize the tune of collimation between the two Save screw 61.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application:
The second end of first optical fiber 41 is arranged on the second optical motion seat 52, and second optics is transported It is additionally provided on dynamic seat 52 for the distance between the second end of the first optical fiber 41 and first convex lens 31 described in Level tune, So that the second end of first optical fiber 41 is placed on the optical fiber adjusting knob in the outside focus of first convex lens 31 62。
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application, the optical cavity structure can also include:
The right end of the cavity pipe 11, and institute is arranged in third optical motion seat 53, the third optical motion seat 53 The second high reflection mirror 22 is stated to be fixed on the third optical motion seat 53；
The third optical motion seat 53 is equipped with the tilt angle for adjusting second high reflection mirror 22, so that institute The mirror surface of the mirror surface and first high reflection mirror 21 of stating the second high reflection mirror 22 realizes the adjusting screw 61 of collimation.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application, the optical cavity structure can also include:
The outer of the third optical motion seat 53 is arranged in 4th optical motion seat 54, the 4th optical motion seat 54 Side, and second convex lens 32 is fixed on the 4th optical motion seat 54；
The 4th optical motion seat 54 is equipped with high anti-relative to described second for adjusting second convex lens 32 The tilt angle of mirror 22 is penetrated, so that second convex lens 32 and second high reflection mirror 22 realize the tune of collimation between the two Save screw 61.
As an alternative embodiment, the second end of second optical fiber 42 is arranged in institute in the embodiment of the present application It states on the 4th optical motion seat 54, and is additionally provided on the 4th optical motion seat 54 for the second optical fiber described in Level tune The distance between 42 second end and second convex lens 32 so that the second end of second optical fiber 42 be placed on it is described Optical fiber adjusting knob 62 in the outside focus of second convex lens 32.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application:
From the first optical motion seat 51 to being disposed with the first bellows 71 left end of the cavity pipe 11 With the first microscope base and chamber mount 81；
81 are equipped with the air inlet pipe 811 for being pumped into gas to the cavity pipe 11 on first microscope base and chamber mount (including the air inlet).
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application:
The second bellows 72 is disposed with from the third optical motion seat 53 to the right end of the cavity pipe 11 With the second microscope base and chamber mount 82；
Second microscope base and chamber mount 82 are equipped with for the escape pipe 821 for 11 output gas of cavity pipe (including described gas outlet).
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the present application:
Be additionally provided on first microscope base and chamber mount 81 for input purge gass (such as high-purity nitrogen or air) with Block the mirror surface of the gas and first high reflection mirror 21 of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe 11 straight First purge gass air inlet pipe 812 of contact；
Be additionally provided on second microscope base and chamber mount 82 for input purge gass (such as high-purity nitrogen or air) with Block the mirror surface of the gas and second high reflection mirror 22 of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe 11 straight Second purge gass air inlet pipe 822 of contact；
Wherein, the purge gass may include high pure nitrogen or air, and flow velocity is existed by the diameter added in cleaning gas circuit Miniflow hole (critical orifice) between 50-70 microns is controlled at 0.05-0.1 liters/min or so.
For example, in the embodiment of the present application, described first, second, third and the 4th optical motion seat may include But it is not limited to the KC1-T optical adjusting frame of Thorlabs company.
(2) light source: the light source can be incoherence intense light source, and incoherence intense light source can be using Gao Gong The single chip LED of rate (5-15W)；Wherein, the number of the light source can be configured according to actual needs, this Shen Please embodiment be not construed as limiting.
In the embodiment of the present application, one or more incoherence intense light sources (such as LED) are welded in printable circuit board (PCB) On, then the PCB is fixed on thermoelectric (al) cooler (thermoelectric cooler), so as to by incoherence intense light source (such as LED) constant temperature is near such as 15 degrees Celsius, to realize the high stability of source emissioning light spectrum.Wherein, to the constant of temperature It can be realized by one feed circuit of design, feedback signal can be by a PT104 heat being attached on the thermoelectric (al) cooler Silk (thermistor) is hindered to provide.
It, can since the temperature stability of incoherence intense light source (such as LED) requires very high (positive and negative 0.01 degree Celsius) High performance heat-conducting glue (thermal glue) is coated with the gap between incoherence intense light source (such as LED) and the PCB, with And high performance heat-conducting glue (thermal is coated in the gap between the PCB and the thermoelectric (al) cooler (TE cooler) Glue), to guarantee that efficient heat transfer may be implemented between them.Preferably, the back side of the PCB can be covered with wire, with Facilitate the PCB quickly towards radiating on the thermoelectric (al) cooler.In short, it is any can reinforce incoherence intense light source (such as LED) → The method of heat transmitting between PCB → thermoelectric (al) cooler (TE cooler) single can use or combination uses, The embodiment of the present application is not construed as limiting.
(3) gas circuit: in the embodiment of the present application, when the atmospheric molecule for needing to contain concentration undetermined in optical cavity structure filling Gas when, can use a metering aspiration pump, perhaps using aspiration pump and mass flow controller combination or utilize Extraneous atmosphere to be analyzed is pumped into the optical cavity knot from atmosphere gas circuit according to the flow velocity set by the combination of aspiration pump and throttle pipe In structure, until the gas full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the optical cavity structure.When the past optical cavity structure of needs When filling zero gas, zero gas is usually from pure nitrogen gas or the steel cylinder of clean air, and zero gas after pressure reducing valve depressurizes, still can by air pressure A little higher than atmospheric pressure, therefore or the opposite direction (i.e. from gas outlet) of the atmosphere gas circuit from the optical cavity structure flow backward into the optical cavity Structure, and finally flowed out from air inlet；A three-way magnetic valve is added in air inlet, gas circuit is converted by atmosphere gas circuit It is zero gas gas circuit.
In the embodiment of the present application, atmospheric molecule detection system shown in FIG. 1 can also be there are three additionally may be used in terms of gas circuit Option:
(A) if, gas need to heat, can additionally plus one section of heating tube, the material of heating tube can be quartz glass (it is heated to 400-600 degrees Celsius if necessary, such as to NOyThe Concentration Testing of (i.e. nitrogenous object) needs first to be pyrolyzed for NOx) Or polyfluortetraethylene pipe (is heated to 100 degrees centigrades if necessary, and heats the aerochemistry activity height generated, Yi Biao Face loss, such as to N2O5Concentration Testing, need first to be pyrolyzed for NO3).The Concentration Testing of the latter is also required to guarantee figure 1 above In the temperature of the gassiness optical cavity and microscope base bracket it is also constant near 100 degrees Celsius, usually by optical cavity pipeline Upper winding heating sheet or heater strip paste heating sheet realization on microscope base bracket simultaneously.Similar to the constant temperature to light source, above-mentioned optical cavity Etc. the holdings of temperature be also required to use a temperature feedback loop.
(B) if, gas need chemical conversion appropriate, such as to nitric oxide NO and ozone O3Detection be respectively necessary for adding Add O3And NO, in order to convert the two in the optical cavity NO of significant light absorption2, can be in the air inlet of the optical cavity Mouthful plus a gas tee tube, the branch of gas tee tube free time connect ambient atmosphere, the gas tee tube free time another Branch connects ozone generator or nitric oxide steel cylinder, big so that both adscititious gases are added to the external world in the optical cavity It is chemically reacted in gas, generates the NO for having significant light absorption2.Another branch generally also adds a solenoid valve, realizes Adscititious gases (such as O3And NO) opening and closing function.That is, different adscititious gases can be added to gas using solenoid valve It is chemically reacted in road, to realize the gas full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the optical cavity.
(3) if aerosol concentration is excessively high, the surface of high reflecting mirror surface may be attached to and then reduce its reflectivity, at this moment The property of can choose adds a purging gas path device, to block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in optical cavity structure It is directly contacted with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at both ends.Wherein, purge gass are generally the nitrogen or air of higher degree, flow velocity by Miniflow hole (critical orifice) of the diameter added in gas circuit between 50-70 microns is controlled at 0.05-0.1 liters/min Clock or so.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of knot of the purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application Structure schematic diagram.Wherein, the purging gas path device shown in Fig. 3 applied to optical cavity structure can be applied to high pure nitrogen or air steel The scene that bottle is easy to get.As shown in figure 3, should may include: applied to the purging gas path device of optical cavity structure
The purging gas path device, including first throttle nanopore device, second throttling nanopore device, particulate filter, Pressure controller and high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder；The gas outlet of the high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder and the pressure The air intake of controller is connected to, and the gas outlet of the pressure controller is connected to the air intake of the particulate filter, described The gas outlet of particulate filter respectively with the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device and it is described second throttling nanopore device Air intake described in be connected to；What the first throttle nanopore device was used to input the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device Before purge gass import and (import by the first purge gass air inlet pipe 812) mirror surface of first high reflection mirror, to block The gas for stating the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in cavity pipe is directly contacted with the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror；It is described Second throttling nanopore device is used to import the purge gass of the air intake input of the second throttling nanopore device (by described the Two purge gass air inlet pipe 822 import) before the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror, with block in the cavity pipe containing undetermined dense The gas of the atmospheric molecule of degree is directly contacted with the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror.
In purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure shown in Fig. 3, purge gass come from high pure nitrogen or air steel Bottle, the high pressure gas in steel cylinder is down to certain setting value through the pressure controller on steel cylinder, then removes air-flow through particulate filter In possible particulate matter, then by two throttle nanopore devices be respectively optical cavity both ends high reflection mirror mirror surface provide purging Gas blocks the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined inside optical cavity structure and the high reflection at optical cavity structure both ends to realize The mirror surface of mirror directly contacts the purpose of (directly contact will lead to specular reflectivity and gradually decrease over time).
In the embodiment of the present application, using throttling nanopore device can not need often, regulating gas flow velocity on a large scale Under conditions of, it avoids using valuableness and the gas mass flow meter weighed and the purpose for realizing fixed flow rate.Its principle is in gas circuit One pore of middle addition, pore aperture are effectively matched with upper end air pressure, different fixed flow rates may be implemented, and the flow velocity is not allowed It, can be preferably stable near a fixed value vulnerable to the influence of lower end air pressure change.
In the embodiment of the present application, throttling nanopore device can select the VCR fitment combination of Swagelok company to realize, this Application embodiment is not construed as limiting.
In the embodiment of the present application, the purging gas path device shown in Fig. 3 applied to optical cavity structure can distinguish purge gass Before importing the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends, to block the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined inside optical cavity structure Gas directly contact that (directly contact will lead to specular reflectivity and push away at any time with the mirror surface of the high reflection mirror at optical cavity structure both ends Shifting gradually decreases).On this basis, the optical cavity structure can be by directly measuring atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、HCHO、 CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) light absorption measure the concentration of atmospheric molecule, so do not need the standard with known concentration Gas demarcates the sensitivity coefficient of detecting instrument, so as to effectively, easily detecting the concentration and atmosphere of above-mentioned atmospheric molecule The delustring of particulate matter.In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can be dramatically increased Light path is absorbed, increased multiple is 1/ (1-R), and wherein R is the specular reflectivity of high reflection mirror, it is assumed that R is 0.9999 and two sides The distance between high reflection mirror is 1 meter, then the absorption light of ten thousand metres (i.e. 10 kilometers) can be realized (in 1 meter of the spacing) Journey, according to Beer-Lambert law of light absorption, the absorption light path of this overlength can dramatically increase the absorption of atmospheric molecule, from And the atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration can be effectively detected.
(4) spectrometer and control computer: spectrometer is generally shaped commercial product, may be implemented to be divided, records different waves The functions such as the light intensity of long position.Controlling computer can be computer, control program and spectral data analysis program generally by opening Hair quotient oneself writes.
In the embodiment of the present application, the technical principle of atmospheric molecule detection system shown in FIG. 1 are as follows:
Full of atmospheric molecule (such as NO containing concentration undetermined in the optical cavity structure being made of two sides high reflection mirror2) gas Body；The light that light source (such as constant temperature light source of thermostat and incoherence intense light source composition) is launched is exported via the first optical fiber To the focus of the first convex lens, so that the first convex lens injects optical cavity after collimating to light, it is successfully entered the light meeting of optical cavity Roundtrip leaves optical cavity after repeatedly dramatically increasing absorption light path between the high reflection mirror of two sides, and focuses on via the second convex lens On second optical fiber, then spectrometer is imported via the second optical fiber and carries out light splitting and photon detection, to obtain one wavelength range of covering Light intensity map I (λ), λ indicate light wavelength；Light intensity map I (λ) is transferred to control computer, controls computer combination light intensity Degree figure I (λ) and preset formula calculate the concentration c of the atmospheric molecule of concentration undetermined.
In the embodiment of the present application, control computer can be calculated in conjunction with the light intensity map I (λ) and following preset formula The concentration c of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined, it may be assumed that
Wherein, the λ indicates the wavelength of the light；The c is the concentration of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined；It is described σ (λ) is the absorption cross-section of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined, and the σ (λ) is known；The R (λ) is the high reflection mirror To the reflectivity of the light, and the R (λ) is known；The d is full of described in the optical cavity structure containing concentration undetermined The length of the part volume of the gas of atmospheric molecule, and known to the d；The I0(λ) is first to be full of in the optical cavity structure The light intensity map that the spectrometer measures when zero gas of the atmospheric molecule without the concentration undetermined.
As an example it is assumed that first full of without atmospheric molecule NO in the optical cavity structure2Zero gas when, the spectrometer is surveyed The light intensity map obtained is I0(λ)；The atmospheric molecule NO containing concentration undetermined will be full of in the optical cavity again2Gas, the spectrum The light intensity map that instrument measures is I (λ), then control computer can be according to the light intensity map I (λ) and following preset formula meter Calculate the atmospheric molecule NO of concentration undetermined2ConcentrationThat is:
Wherein, the λ indicates the wavelength of the light；It is describedFor the atmospheric molecule NO of the concentration undetermined2It is dense Degree；It is describedFor the atmospheric molecule NO of the concentration undetermined2Absorption cross-section, and it is describedIt is known；The R (λ) It is the high reflection mirror to the reflectivity of the light, and the R (λ) is known；The d is to contain in the optical cavity full of described The atmospheric molecule NO of concentration undetermined2Gas part volume length, and known to the d；In formula, I (λ),And R (λ) indicates that luminous intensity I, absorption cross-section σ and specular reflectivity R etc. are the function of wavelength X, changes (before i.e. with wavelength difference Described in text, NO2It is different to the absorption intensity of the light of different wave length).
In the embodiment of the present application, atmospheric molecule detection system shown in FIG. 1 is by directly measuring atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、 HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) light absorption measure the concentration of atmospheric molecule, so not needing to use known concentration Calibrating gas demarcate the sensitivity coefficient of detecting instrument, so as to effectively, easily detect atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、 HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5, HONO etc.) concentration and Atmospheric particulates delustring；In addition, atmospheric molecule detection system shown in FIG. 1 In system, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can dramatically increase absorption light path, so as to dramatically increase atmosphere The absorption of molecule, so as to which the atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration is effectively detected.
Based on atmospheric molecule detection system shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a kind of atmospheric molecule detection Method.Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a kind of flow diagram of atmospheric molecule detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.Such as Fig. 4 Shown, which may comprise steps of:
401, the optical cavity structure being made of two sides high reflection mirror is provided, and full of containing undetermined in the optical cavity structure The gas of the atmospheric molecule of concentration；One end of the optical cavity structure is laid with the first convex lens, the other end of the optical cavity structure It is laid with the second convex lens.
Wherein, the mirror surface of the two sides high reflection mirror is facing each other.
402, by light that light source is launched by exporting through the first optical fiber to the focus of first convex lens, so that institute It states after the first convex lens collimates light and injects the optical cavity structure；Wherein, the light of the optical cavity structure is successfully entered in institute It states and leaves the optical cavity structure after roundtrip is multiple between the high reflection mirror of two sides, and focus on via second convex lens On two optical fiber, then spectrometer is imported via second optical fiber and carries out light splitting and photon detection, to obtain covering certain wavelength model The light intensity map I (λ) enclosed；The λ indicates the wavelength of the light.
In the embodiment of the present application, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can dramatically increase absorption light path, inhale The receipts increased multiple of light path is 1/ (1-R), and wherein R is the specular reflectivity of high reflection mirror, it is assumed that R 0.9999, and two sides is high The distance between reflecting mirror is 1 meter, then the absorption light path of ten thousand metres (i.e. 10 kilometers) can be realized (in 1 meter of the spacing), According to Beer-Lambert law of light absorption, the absorption light path of this overlength can dramatically increase the absorption of atmospheric molecule, thus The atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration can be effectively detected.
403, the light intensity map I (λ) is transferred to control computer, so that the control computer is in conjunction with the light intensity map I (λ) and preset formula calculate the concentration c of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined.
In the embodiment of the present application, control computer calculates described undetermined dense in conjunction with the light intensity map I (λ) and preset formula The concentration c of the atmospheric molecule of degree, comprising:
The control computer calculates the concentration undetermined in conjunction with the light intensity map I (λ) and following preset formula The concentration c of atmospheric molecule, it may be assumed that
Wherein, the λ indicates the wavelength of the light；The c is the concentration of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined；It is described σ (λ) is the absorption cross-section of the atmospheric molecule of the concentration undetermined, and the σ (λ) is known；The R (λ) is the high reflection mirror To the reflectivity of the light, and the R (λ) is known；The d is full of described in the optical cavity structure containing concentration undetermined The length of the part volume of the gas of atmospheric molecule, and known to the d；The I0(λ) is first to be full of in the optical cavity structure The light intensity map that the spectrometer measures when zero gas of the atmospheric molecule without the concentration undetermined.
As an alternative embodiment, described be full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the optical cavity structure Gas, comprising:
Using a metering aspiration pump, the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined is passed through according to the flow velocity set The air inlet of the optical cavity is pumped into the optical cavity structure, until full of the atmosphere containing concentration undetermined point in the optical cavity The gas of son；
Alternatively, concentration undetermined will be contained according to the flow velocity set using the combination of aspiration pump and mass flow controller The gas of atmospheric molecule be pumped into the optical cavity by the air inlet of the optical cavity structure, until full of described in the optical cavity The gas of atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined；
Alternatively, the atmosphere containing concentration undetermined is divided according to the flow velocity set using the combination of aspiration pump and throttle pipe The gas of son is pumped into the optical cavity by the air inlet of the optical cavity structure, until full of described containing undetermined in the optical cavity The gas of the atmospheric molecule of concentration.
As an alternative embodiment, in the atmospheric molecule detection method described in Fig. 4, if described containing needing The ambient particle object determined in the gas of the atmospheric molecule of concentration is dense, then adds one in the air inlet of the optical cavity structure Particulate filter.
As an alternative embodiment, the light source includes non-in the atmospheric molecule detection method described in Fig. 4 Coherence's intense light source, wherein incoherence intense light source may include light emitting diode (LED), correspondingly, described in Fig. 4 In atmospheric molecule detection method, constant temperature can also be carried out to the light source using thermostat, to realize constant temperature light source；Wherein, institute Stating thermostat includes thermoelectric (al) cooler.
It is described to utilize thermostat to the light in the atmospheric molecule detection method described in Fig. 4 in the embodiment of the present application Source carries out constant temperature, to realize constant temperature light source, comprising:
The incoherence intense light source is welded on printable circuit board (PCB), then the printable circuit board is fixed On the thermoelectric (al) cooler, and in incoherence intense light source and the printable circuit board and the printable circuit board High performance hot glue is coated in gap between the thermoelectric (al) cooler, to take the photograph coherence's intense light source constant temperature specified Near family name's degree, to realize constant temperature light source；The incoherence intense light source includes one or more light emitting diodes.
In the atmospheric molecule detection method described in Fig. 4, by directly measuring atmospheric molecule (such as gas molecule NO2、 HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5、NO3, HONO etc.) light absorption measure the concentration of atmospheric molecule, so not needing to use known concentration Calibrating gas demarcate the sensitivity coefficient of detecting instrument, so as to effectively, easily detect atmospheric molecule (such as NO2、 HCHO、CHOCHO、N2O5, HONO etc.) concentration and Atmospheric particulates delustring；In addition, the atmospheric molecule described in Fig. 4 is examined In survey method, light roundtrip between the high reflection mirror of two sides can dramatically increase absorption light path, so as to dramatically increase The absorption of atmospheric molecule, so as to which the atmospheric molecule concentration of super low concentration is effectively detected.
Atmospheric molecule detection system and atmospheric molecule detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented it is all The concentration inspection of the atmospheric molecule of (structured absorption) is absorbed in 340-900nm wave-length coverage with feature structure It surveys, comprising:
(a) formaldehyde (HCHO), 1/1000000000th to 10,000,000,000 or so, testing result can be used to detect indoor detection limit Concentration of formaldehyde, and due to the reliability and accuracy of its result, it can be used as " goldstandard " of indoor formaldehyde detection, for calibrating, Verify relatively inexpensive, portable formaldehyde sensor and detection device；
(b) glyoxal (CHOCHO), minimum detection limit is generally 1/100000000000th or so.Since glyoxal is atmosphere benzene And substituted benzene (mainly from motor vehicle exhaust emission, industrial discharge and plant discharging) and isoprene are (mainly from plant Object discharge and vehicle exhaust etc.) important intermediate that is generated during atmospheric oxidn, liquid phase reactor, which is recognized as, may be One of source of secondary particulate, so the detection of glyoxal is extremely important to Atmospheric Chemistry research.In addition, formaldehyde and glyoxal Photodissociation can generate HO2Free radical, the free radical and NO's further reacts the generation that will lead to OH free radical, so monitoring simultaneously Formaldehyde and glyoxal help completely to understand the OH free radical source (note: OH of the main photodissociation aldehyde contribution in atmosphere Free radical is most important oxidative free radical in atmosphere)；
(c) nitrogen dioxide (NO2)/nitric oxide (NO)/ozone (O3): where NO2It can directly supervised by this technology It surveys, NO and O3O is added respectively3And NO, they are separately converted to NO2It monitors again afterwards.The embodiment of the present application is practical to be provided together When monitor the reference instrument schemes of these three typical atmosphere pollutions；
(d) nitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)/nitrogen peroxide (NO3): both substances are the nitrogen oxides (NO+NO in atmosphere2) Night is by ozone O3The important activity intermediate generated after oxidation facilitates their monitoring completely to understand above two nitrogen oxygen Compound oxidation mechanism in an atmosphere and its atmospheric chemistry process (such as N specifically participated in2O5It is converted into nitric acid, NO3Oxidation can wave Hair property organic matter)；
(e) iodine oxide (IO) and iodine steam (I2): both substances are Marine stratocumulus (MBL, Marine Boundary Layer) inner important activity intermediate, it has great significance to the ozone depletion in catalysis MBL；
(f) nitrous acid (HONO): in contaminated shallow-layer atmosphere, such as 100-300 meters of urban ground etc. most important OH Free radical source.In addition to this, the optical cavity for measuring HONO can measure NO simultaneously2, both of which is that the burning of indoor fuel gas stove is released The important indoor polluted gas released.
(g) aerosol extinction (aerosol extinction): if particulate filter is not added in air inlet (aerosol filter), then particulate matter can enter delustring caused by cavity and then directly measure is shut out the light as particulate matter Value.
Wherein, implement the embodiment of the present application, can measure arbitrarily ultraviolet-visible optical band have absorption atmospheric molecule and Aerosol extinction.In general, the sensitivity of system and method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is mainly by the following factor Influence:
(1) height in the characteristic absorption section of molecule.This value is higher, sensitiveer to the detection of the molecule, detection limit It is lower.
(2) reflectivity of high reflection mirror, transmissivity height.The former determines the optical length that may finally be realized, the latter Light is then determined when by high reflection mirror, in addition to by reflection, (i.e. 1-R) how many ratio is not damaged lost territory in remaining ratio Success penetrates convex lens.Therefore, the height that comprehensively consider the two values when high reflection mirror is selected, is reasonably selected.
(3) energy density of the unit area of light source.This value is higher, can be imported into optical fiber and eventually enter into the light of optical cavity It is strong higher.When final noise is controlled by shot noise (shot noise), light intensity is stronger, and sensitivity is higher.In 330- In the wave-length coverage of 900nm, the unit area luminous energy and efficiency of light emitting diode (LED) are highest, so generally taking LED does light source.If desired shorter ultraviolet wavelength is used, is also required to consider other light sources such as deuterium lamp or mercury lamp sometimes.
(4) thermal stability of light source.Since what is surveyed is being inhaled on higher smooth background signal by atmospheric molecule The variation of the extremely faint signal caused by receiving, the drift of the background signal caused by even very faint light source thermal drift Shifting is also enough to exceed molecule absorption signal to be measured, and then influences minimum detection limit.When doing light source with LED, generally with thermoelectric cold But device will do constant temperature to it and wrap up heat insulation foam, its temperature is stablized within 0.01 degree Celsius.
(5) thermal stability and mechanical stability of optical cavity.It is required that the optical cavity of design in variation of ambient temperature, collimates (alignment) not because expanding with heat and contract with cold for material has significant change.Secondly, it is intracavitary it is outer have pressure difference when (as done aboard When observation), optical cavity will have enough mechanical strengths, it is ensured that the collimation of two-face mirror does not occur obviously to become because of the extruding of pressure Change.For example, can use carbon fiber pipe does cavity (because its thermal expansion coefficient is small) or with four carbon fiber pipe supports (because of its density Small and high mechanical strength) microscope base bracket and optical motion seat shown in upper figure be so that it keeps collimating under pressure difference environment.
The embodiment of the present application further discloses a kind of computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium is based on storing Calculation machine program, wherein the computer program makes computer execute the atmospheric molecule detection disclosed in the embodiment of the present application Method.
The embodiment of the present application further discloses a kind of computer program product including instruction, the computer program product When running on computers, so that the computer executes the atmospheric molecule detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can It is completed with instructing relevant hardware by program, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, storage Medium include read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), programmable read only memory (Programmable Read-only Memory, PROM), erasable programmable is read-only deposits Reservoir (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), disposable programmable read-only memory (One- Time Programmable Read-Only Memory, OTPROM), the electronics formula of erasing can make carbon copies read-only memory (Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other disc memories, magnetic disk storage, magnetic tape storage or can For carrying or any other computer-readable medium of storing data.
Above to a kind of atmospheric molecule detection system, optical cavity structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, suitable for optical cavity structure Purging gas path device and atmospheric molecule detection method be described in detail, specific case used herein is to the application Principle and embodiment be expounded, the present processes that the above embodiments are only used to help understand and its core Thought is thought；At the same time, for those skilled in the art in specific embodiment and applies model according to the thought of the application Place that there will be changes, in conclusion the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure, which is characterized in that the optical cavity structure includes: cavity pipe, institute The left end for stating cavity pipe is equipped with the first high reflection mirror, and the right end of the cavity pipe is equipped with the second high reflection mirror；Described first is high anti- The mirror surface of the mirror surface and second high reflection mirror of penetrating mirror realizes collimation；The outside of first high reflection mirror is equipped with the first convex lens The outside of mirror, second high reflection mirror is equipped with the second convex lens；The first end of first optical fiber is used to connect the emission port of light source, The second end of first optical fiber is placed in the outside focus of first convex lens；The first end of second optical fiber is for connecting Spectrometer is connect, the second end of second optical fiber is placed in the outside focus of second convex lens；In the cavity pipe When the interior gas full of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined, first convex lens is to the standard of light derived from first optical fiber The cavity pipe is injected after straight, so that light leaves the cavity Guan Bingjing after roundtrip is multiple between the high reflection mirror of two sides It is focused on second optical fiber by second convex lens, then imports the spectrometer via second optical fiber；
The purging gas path device, including first throttle nanopore device, the second throttling nanopore device, particulate filter, pressure Controller and high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder；The gas outlet of the high-purity nitrogen or air steel cylinder and the pressure control The air intake of device is connected to, and the gas outlet of the pressure controller is connected to the air intake of the particulate filter, the particle The gas outlet of object filter enters with the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device and the second throttling nanopore device respectively It is connected to described in port；The first throttle nanopore device is used for the purging for inputting the air intake of the first throttle nanopore device Before conductance enters the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror, to block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe Body is directly contacted with the mirror surface of first high reflection mirror；The second throttling nanopore device is used for the second throttling micropore Before the purge gass of the air intake input of device import the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror, to block containing in the cavity pipe The gas of the atmospheric molecule of concentration undetermined is directly contacted with the mirror surface of second high reflection mirror.
2. purging gas path device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical cavity structure further include:
First optical motion seat, the left end of the cavity pipe is arranged in the first optical motion seat, and described first is high anti- Mirror is penetrated to be fixed on the first optical motion seat；
The first optical motion seat is equipped with the tilt angle for adjusting first high reflection mirror, so that described first is high The mirror surface of the mirror surface of reflecting mirror and second high reflection mirror realizes the adjusting screw of collimation.
3. purging gas path device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the optical cavity structure further include:
The outside of the first optical motion seat is arranged in second optical motion seat, the second optical motion seat, and described First convex lens is fixed on the second optical motion seat；
The second optical motion seat is equipped with for adjusting the first convex lens inclining relative to first high reflection mirror Rake angle, so that first convex lens and first high reflection mirror realize the adjusting screw of collimation between the two.
4. purging gas path device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The second end of first optical fiber is arranged on the second optical motion seat, and on the second optical motion seat also Equipped with for the distance between the second end of the first optical fiber described in Level tune and first convex lens, so that first light Fine second end is placed on the optical fiber adjusting knob in the outside focus of first convex lens.
5. according to purging gas path device described in claim 2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that the optical cavity structure further include:
Third optical motion seat, the right end of the cavity pipe is arranged in the third optical motion seat, and described second is high anti- Mirror is penetrated to be fixed on the third optical motion seat；
The third optical motion seat is equipped with the tilt angle for adjusting second high reflection mirror, so that described second is high The mirror surface of the mirror surface of reflecting mirror and first high reflection mirror realizes the adjusting screw of collimation.
6. purging gas path device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the optical cavity structure further include:
The outside of the third optical motion seat is arranged in 4th optical motion seat, the 4th optical motion seat, and described Second convex lens is fixed on the 4th optical motion seat；
The 4th optical motion seat is equipped with for adjusting the second convex lens inclining relative to second high reflection mirror Rake angle, so that second convex lens and second high reflection mirror realize the adjusting screw of collimation between the two.
7. purging gas path device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The second end of second optical fiber is arranged on the 4th optical motion seat, and on the 4th optical motion seat also Equipped with for the distance between the second end of the second optical fiber described in Level tune and second convex lens, so that second light Fine second end is placed on the optical fiber adjusting knob in the outside focus of second convex lens.
8. purging gas path device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The first bellows and the first microscope base are disposed with from the first optical motion seat to the left end of the cavity pipe And chamber mount；
First microscope base and chamber mount are equipped with the air inlet pipe for being pumped into gas to the cavity pipe.
9. gas-heating apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The second bellows and the second microscope base are disposed with from the third optical motion seat to the right end of the cavity pipe And chamber mount；
Second microscope base and chamber mount are equipped with for the escape pipe for the cavity pipe output gas.
10. gas-heating apparatus according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
The first purge gass air inlet pipe is additionally provided on first microscope base and chamber mount, wherein the first throttle nanopore device For the first purge gass air inlet pipe that purges air through of the air intake input of the first throttle nanopore device to be imported institute Before the mirror surface for stating the first high reflection mirror, with block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe with it is described The mirror surface of first high reflection mirror directly contacts；
The second purge gass air inlet pipe is additionally provided on second microscope base and chamber mount, wherein the second throttling nanopore device For the second purge gass air inlet pipe that purges air through of the air intake input of the second throttling nanopore device to be imported institute Before the mirror surface for stating the second high reflection mirror, with block the gas of the atmospheric molecule containing concentration undetermined in the cavity pipe with it is described The mirror surface of second high reflection mirror directly contacts；
Wherein, the purge gass include high-purity nitrogen or air.
CN201811025417.8A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure Pending CN109187355A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190111