CN109166169A

CN109166169A - A kind of hardware realization of GPGPU texture sampler

Info

Publication number: CN109166169A
Application number: CN201810853065.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙斌
Original assignee: Changsha In Blx Ic Design Corp
Current assignee: Changsha In Blx Ic Design Corp
Priority date: 2018-07-30
Filing date: 2018-07-30
Publication date: 2019-01-08

Abstract

For in texture mapping application process a large amount of in GPGPU, if using common texture sampler, the problems such as upper layer logic needs cross the border according to the wraparound of texture coordinate, texture frame, need repeatedly to send texture reads request, then the operation such as synthesis is filtered to data according to multiple groups texture pixel, cause upper layer logic interface efficiency low, reduces overall performance.In order to solve this problem, the invention discloses a kind of hardware implementations of GPGPU texture sampling unit, the filtering operation of the texture picture pixel of address calculation and return when automatically completing texture wraparound and crossing the border, bottleneck effect of the texture sampler in 3 D image drawing engine is reduced, the overall operation speed of upper layer logic is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of hardware realization of GPGPU texture sampler

Technical field

Present invention relates generally to the 3-D graphic in the design of GPGPU graph processing chips to generate field.Refer in particular to pixel line The design of reason filling and the texture sampling unit of loading section.

Background technique

In the application of GPGPU graphics process, it is often necessary to use mapped pinup picture process (i.e. by the two dimension in caching Image data is loaded into the graph image of 3 D stereo modeling).Under current application, texture mapping process needs frequent visit Memory and the various operations of execution, design efficiency greatly restricts the speed and performance of three-dimensional drawing engine, in reality Often become the bottleneck of three-dimensional drawing engine in design.During texture mapping, texture sampler is responsible for from 2 d texture Multiple groups texture pixel color value is obtained in picture, and is translated into the real-texture pixel color component value of texture function needs Task, designing efficient texture sampler has crucial promotion to make GPGPU entirety 3 D image drawing engine performance With.

Summary of the invention

For in texture mapping application process a large amount of in GPGPU, if using common texture sampler, upper layer logic The problems such as needing the wraparound according to texture coordinate, texture frame to cross the border needs repeatedly to send texture reads request, then according to more Group texture pixel is filtered the operation such as synthesis to data, causes upper layer logic interface efficiency low, reduces overall performance.In order to Solve the problems, such as this, the invention discloses a kind of hardware implementations of GPGPU texture sampling unit, automatically complete texture around The filtering operation of the texture picture pixel of address calculation and return when returning and crossing the border reduces texture sampler in 3-D graphic Bottleneck effect in drawing engine greatly improves the overall operation speed of upper layer logic.

Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is that 1, structure is simple: texture sampler list proposed by the present invention Member is all to compare the algorithm realized conducive to chip hardware design, institutional framework is clear not using complicated algorithm；2, property It can be excellent: using the executive mode of full flowing water in texture sampler unit actual design process proposed by the present invention, and protecting In the case where demonstrate,proving operation execution efficiency, hardware resource is reduced as far as possible；3, it is widely used: texture sampler proposed by the present invention Unit not only can be used in GPGPU, can also be widely used in handle the pictures application；3, easy to use: the present invention The texture sampler unit input/output port signal and timing of proposition are clearly penetrating, have readable, reusability well And portability.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 texture sampler unit internal structure of the present invention；

Fig. 2 texture sampler coordinate system (rectangle of 16x16).

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further details below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, texture sampler internal structure disclosed by the invention includes sample request parsing, sampling address life Five groups of unit modules are had altogether at data buffer storage, data texturing parsing, texture filtering processing in, piece.

Sample request parsing: this module receives the texture coordinate that top level control unit is sent and is parsed and decoupled；Such as Shown in Fig. 2, when overflow and underflow occurs in the coordinate of texture, need to read the border color value and texture picture face of respective texture Color executes filtering operation；When wraparound occurs in texture, need to read current line from texture picture according to different wraparound modes The pixel color value of coordinate and texture wraparound coordinate is managed, and records and send wraparound mode, instructs subsequent texture filtering Module is properly received the texture picture data that data buffer storage returns in piece.

Texture address generates: this module, which is responsible for being generated in corresponding piece according to the texture coordinate that texture resolution unit is sent, to be delayed Corresponding inquiry address is deposited, the tissue for inquiring address need to consider that the particularity of texture sampling algorithm is handled, and guarantee necessity Piece in cache reading efficiency.

Data buffer storage in piece: this module is as the data high-speed caching built in texture sampling unit, reasonable cache Internal data structure can reduce sampler to the number of external memory access, reduce the dependence to external memory bandwidth.

Data texturing resolution unit: according to current texture format, the texture picture data that data buffer storage in piece is exported It is parsed, is split as the texture component letter of the three-dimensional drawings engines such as transparency, red, green, blue coloration, intensity and depth support Breath.

Texture filtering processing unit: the filtering algorithm that this module is specified according to top level control unit, texture filtering algorithm branch The filtering algorithms such as nearest value algorithm and linear interpolation are held, nearest value algorithm is directly rounded according to the fractional part of texture coordinate Choose corresponding pixel；Line style interpolation carries out Weight operation to adjacent pixel according to texture coordinate fractional part, obtains true The real corresponding texture pixel component value of texture coordinate.

Claims

1. texture sampling request analysis: being crossed the border situation according to texture coordinate and texture wraparound and texture frame, work as texture coordinate When there is overflow (i.e. developed width and height of the coordinate more than texture picture) and underflow (texture coordinate is calculated as negative), carry out The parsing of sample request is sent and the generation of cache access address conversion.

2. texture sampling address generates: the particularity accessed according to texture sampling, by texture transverse and longitudinal coordinate as unit of bit position It is divided into image rectangular block, the adjacent texture picture piecemeal of Low-level coordinate is stored.

3. interior data buffer storage: data high-speed caching is using image rectangular block as basic unit in piece；Carry out the loading of data texturing And replacement.

4. data texturing parses: according to the particularity of texture requirements for access, data buffer storage carries out efficient data access simultaneously in piece Picture pixels value in real-time return cache is completed at the same time image data to pixel transparent degree (Alpha), red (Red), green (Green), the conversion and parsing of blue (Blue) component.

5. texture filtering algorithm: texture filtering algorithm carries out on the basis of using nearest value algorithm and line style interpolation algorithm.