CN109149571A - A kind of energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of the combustion gas of consideration system and fired power generating unit characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of the combustion gas of consideration system and fired power generating unit characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the energy storage Optimal Configuration Methods of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit.This method: first according to historical data, predicting generation of electricity by new energy unit output, constructs generation of electricity by new energy unit output typical scene collection, in conjunction with load fluctuation characteristic, constructs power system load scene collection；Analyze the operation characteristic of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage, establish state transition equation group, clear state builds jump condition, establish the state transition model of the start and stop stage running of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit, transfer and switching during realization Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage running between different conditions；According to system and operating parameter, on the basis of considering wind electricity digestion target, with correlative investment and the operation minimum target of total cost, building considers the energy storage Optimal Allocation Model of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state；Above-mentioned electric system energy storage optimization allocation is solved, electric system energy storage configuration scheme is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Power System Planning technical field, in particular to a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic
Energy storage Optimal Configuration Method.
Background technique
Environmental problem brought by extensive Economic Development Mode make renewable energy because of its green environment friendly (such as
Wind energy) it is concerned.Extensive clean energy resource access is also that the operation of electric system is brought newly while certainly will improving environment
Challenge, if electric system peak regulation pressure increasingly increases, peak-load regulating has become one of the new problem of electric power system dispatching operation,
Peak modulation capacity deficiency has become the principal element for restricting clean energy resource digestion capability.On the one hand, power grid needs to have more flexible
The method of operation improves the regulating power of electric system；On the other hand, (especially include in Power System Planning planning process
Flexibility resource including energy storage) need to fully consider the fluctuation and intermittence of renewable energy, so that power grid has actively
Access the ability of clean energy resource.
To be uncertain brought by reply new energy access, compared to traditional method of operation, electric system needs more
Standby resources.Currently, each resource is in the process of running in also non-consideration system when solving spare optimization problem for electric system
It is no to have the ability for receiving system reserve scheduling instruction.To solve the above problems, needing to fully consider the fortune of each resource of system
Row characteristic (such as unit needs to consider start and stop characteristic and climbing characteristic, and energy storage needs to consider the limitation etc. to SOC range), in turn
It is proposed the moving model more refined.
Based on this, the present invention comprehensively considers combustion gas and fired power generating unit start and stop stage running characteristic and climbing capacity, proposes one
The energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of kind consideration system combustion gas and the transfer of fired power generating unit climbing capacity and multistage state.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic,
This method can characterize when Gas Generator Set and thermal power unit operation mutual switching between each state, transfer relationship, while difference
Change the power track under characterization fired power generating unit difference starting type and operation characteristic.Consider that electric power system operation standby is asked simultaneously
Topic comprehensively considers the case where energy storage provides spinning reserve jointly with unit for system and more meets practical operation situation, more meets reality
Border situation, while practicability is stronger.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of storage of the combustion gas of consideration system and fired power generating unit characteristic
Energy Optimal Configuration Method, includes the following steps,
S1, first according to historical data, generation of electricity by new energy unit output is predicted, construction generation of electricity by new energy unit go out
Power typical scene collection constructs power system load scene collection in conjunction with load fluctuation characteristic；
S2, the operation characteristic for analyzing Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage, establish state transition equation group, specify shape
State builds jump condition, establishes the state transition model of the start and stop stage running of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit, realizes Gas Generator Set
And transfer and switching during fired power generating unit start and stop stage running between different conditions；
S3: according to system and operating parameter, on the basis of considering wind electricity digestion target, with correlative investment and total take is run
With minimum target, building considers that Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the energy storage of multistage state transfer are distributed rationally
Model；
S4: solving above-mentioned electric system energy storage optimization allocation, acquires electric system energy storage configuration scheme.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 is implemented as follows:
Wind power output and the main deviation for considering wind speed and load prediction of the uncertainty of load, it is believed that respective deviation is equal
Load normal distribution；The true value of wind speed and load can be by indicating after prediction desired value and prediction error；Form is as follows:
In formula: v (t), PL(t) be respectively wind speed and load true value；Respectively wind speed and load prediction
Desired value； ev(t)、eLIt (t) is respectively wind speed and load prediction error, the two obeys probability distribution；
Wind power output can calculate according to the following formula:
In formula: P (v) is power output of the Wind turbines in wind speed v；V is wind speed；vinFor the incision wind speed of wind-driven generator；
vrFor the rated power wind speed of wind-driven generator；voutFor the cut-out wind speed of wind-driven generator；F (v) is wind speed in vinTo vrBetween
When, the function of wind driven generator output power and wind speed relationship；PmaxFor the rated power of Wind turbines；
The wind power output and load combination producing Operation of Electric Systems scene set that above-mentioned simulation is generated.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 is implemented as follows:
1) analyze the operation characteristic in fired power generating unit start and stop stage: fired power generating unit shutdown process needs to undergo load up and drop negative
Lotus process；
2) fired power generating unit state models, and determines operating status number, the 0-1 variable of allocation list symptom state: according to thermal motor
Group start and stop stage running state characteristic introduces 4 0-1 variable characterization operating states of the units: ui(t)、Wherein: ui(t) indicate whether unit i is in operation and shutdown status in moment t；It indicates
Whether unit i is in load up state in moment t；Indicate whether unit n is in the state for receiving scheduling in moment t；Indicate whether unit n is in load down state in moment t；
3) clear fired power generating unit state builds jump condition, establishes state transition equation group: according to the fired power generating unit start and stop stage
Operating status characteristic, introducing following state transition equation group indicates switching of the unit between each operating status；
yi(t)-zi(t)=ui(t) (5)
yi(t)+zi(t)≤1 (9)
Formula (4) guarantees that unit is only capable of every time in unique state；Formula (5)-formula (12) indicates operating states of the units
State transition model and logical constraint；Formula (13)-formula (16) indicates when state shifts from a state to the pact of another state
Beam relationship；Variable in the above formulas is 0-1 variable, in which: yi(t)、zi(t) change of machine, shutdown status is opened for control unit
Amount；Enter, jump out the variable of load up state for control unit；Enter for control unit,
Jump out the variable of schedulable state；Enter, jump out the variable of load down state for control unit；
Wherein, M indicates very big positive number, piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；Formula (17)-formula (18) indicates thermoelectricity
Power output of the unit when having just enter into schedulable state and load down state is necessary forP i, ensure that between each state of fired power generating unit
Linking, while it is worth noting that above-mentioned two formula is only applicable to fired power generating unit, it is not suitable for including Gas Generator Set
Rapid starting/stopping unit；
Δpi(t)=pi(t)-pi(t-1) (19)
The power output variation delta p of unit under formula (19)-formula (21) difference system normal operating conditioni(t), upper spinning reserve
Power output variable quantity when calledWith power output variable quantity of lower spinning reserve when calledWherein,WithIt is that unit provides the value of spinning reserve and lower spinning reserve；
4) column write thermal power unit operation characteristic constraint equation, improve fired power generating unit start and stop stage model:
Wherein, Rui(t) and Rdi(t) it is upper climbing and lower climbing capacity of the unit in t moment, and can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein, IthermalIt is fired power generating unit set；IgasIt is Gas Generator Set set；RUiAnd RDiIt is unit in schedulable state
Under upper climbing and lower climbing capacity；Be respectively upper climbing of the unit under load up and load down state and under
Climbing capacity, the two can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein,WithIt is the duration of load up and load down；
Formula (26)-formula (28) is system normal operating condition respectively, and the called and lower spinning reserve of upper spinning reserve is adjusted
The minimax of used time unit is contributed；Formula (29) is the constraint that unit minimax is rotated up and down marginal capacity；
Unit minimum start and stop time-constrain is shown below:
Wherein,WithIt is to open machine and downtime respectively；WithRespectively minimum opens machine and minimum
Downtime；
In the case where piece-wise linearization unit output curve, the power generation electricity e of uniti(t) it can be calculated by formula (31)
It arrives；
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 is implemented as follows:
1) building considers that Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the energy storage of multistage state transfer distribute mould rationally
Type objective function is as follows:
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；T is scheduling slot set；I is combustion gas and fired power generating unit collection
It closes, i ∈ I；J is wind power generating set set；S is electric energy storage device set, s ∈ S；E wind-force power output scene set； Respectively power generation expense, the starting expense, parking charge of combustion gas and fired power generating unit i in t moment
With with active service expense；For the investment cost of electric energy storage device；For the investment cost of transmission line of electricity；prεFor wind
Electricity power output scene ε probability of happening；VOLL and λwFor the mistake load cost and unit abandonment punishment cost of electric power system dispatching；On
The last two parts of formula are the expectations of upper spare spare conditional risk value under；
Combustion gas and fired power generating unit i can lead in the power generation expense of t moment, starting expense, idleness expense and active service expense
Formula (33)-formula (35) below is crossed to be calculated；The investment of electric energy storage device and transmission line of electricity is spare can be by formula (36) and formula (37)
It calculates；
In the above formulas:Respectively the unloaded expense of unit i, linearly generate electricity expense；Point
It Wei not single or the unit starting under unit capacity, stopping, upper spare, lower active service expense；cmAnd cpRespectively it is equipped with unit
Investment cost required for capacity and unit power electricity energy storage device；L is the set of transmission line of electricity；clineFor construction unit's capacity
Investment cost required for route；PlIt is the dilatation demand of route l；
2) building considers that Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the energy storage of multistage state transfer distribute mould rationally
Type constraint condition is as follows:
2.1) Operation of Electric Systems characteristic constrains
The constraint of Operation of Electric Systems characteristic, including the constraint of power-balance, DC power flow, transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained, electric power
System reserve constraint of demand；
1. power-balance constraint can be expressed as form:
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；For the set of unit at node n；For wind at node n
The set of power generator group；For the set of energy storage device electric at node n；piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；For wind power plant j t moment dispatch value；Respectively charge and discharge of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment
Power；DnIt (t) is workload demand of the load bus n in t moment；
2. DC power flow constrains, using the DC power flow equation for ignoring network loss, the common expression formula of DC flow model is as follows:
In formula: Bn,kFor the imaginary part of grid nodes admittance matrix；Δθε,n,kIt (t) is the electricity of t moment system node n and node k
Press phase angle difference；θε,n(t)、θε,k(t) be respectively t moment system node n and node k voltage phase angle；xn,kFor node n and node k
Line impedance；
3. transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained can be expressed as form:
In formula:For the maximum transfer capacity for connecting system node n and node k route；
4. electric system stand-by requirement constrains: it is different types of spare that the statement of formula (41) and (42) is suitable for electric system
Demand:
In formula: Pr () is probability function；WithRespectively according to obtained by wind-powered electricity generation prediction and load prediction error
Upper spare spare value under is provided to electric energy storage for system；WithSpare need under respectively spare in electric system
It asks, wind-powered electricity generation and load prediction estimation error can be passed through；α and β is respectively to meet spare spare level of confidence under in system；
2.2) electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint
Electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint is as shown in formula (43)-(48):
Formula (43)-(48) are the energy constraints of electric energy storage device；EsIt (t) is electric energy of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment energy storage
Amount；δsFor the loss factor in the case of the self discharge of electric energy storage device s；The charge and discharge effect of respectively electric energy storage device s
Rate； γ sThe SOC upper and lower limit coefficient of respectively electric energy storage device s；For the rated capacity of electric energy storage device s；Formula (45)-
(46) be electric energy storage device charge and discharge power constraint；The maximum charge and discharge of respectively electric energy storage device s
Power； The charge and discharge working condition of respectively electric energy storage device s, is 0-1 variable；Formula (47) is that electric energy storage is set
Standby working condition constrains；Formula (48) is charge and discharge Constraints of Equilibrium of the electric energy storage device when considering self discharge；
2.3) energy storage active service capacity
Energy storage active service capacity need to meet following constraint:
In formula:WithThe SOC value of electricity energy storage device when respectively system calls upper spare spare under；
2.4) wind power generating set units limits
Wind power generating set units limits are as follows:
In formula:For wind power plant j t moment power generating value；
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, by combustion gas the considerations of foundation and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and
The energy storage Optimal Configuration Method linearization process of multistage state transfer is then adopted at the mixed integer linear programming model of standard
It calls CPLEX to facilitate solution with business software GAMS, obtains electric power system dispatching decision scheme.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method for the present invention proposes a kind of unified form,
Mutual switching, transfer relationship when characterization Gas Generator Set and thermal power unit operation between each state, while differentiation characterizes thermoelectricity
Unit difference starts power track and operation characteristic under type.Consider electric power system operation standby problem simultaneously, comprehensively considers
The case where energy storage and unit provide spinning reserve jointly for system more meets practical operation situation, more tallies with the actual situation, simultaneously
Practicability is stronger；The present invention proposes the more resource dispatching models of electric system, realizes the scheduling of electric system multiple resources optimization, effectively subtracts
The waste of few clean energy resource.Compared with existing electric power system dispatching model or Unit Combination model, the method for proposition more meets reality
Border, practicability is stronger, improves the precision of fired power generating unit operation characteristic model in electric power system dispatching analysis, carries out for electric system
Peak regulation most optimum distribution of resources decision provides analysis tool, has certain economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the method for the present invention mentions process block schematic illustration.
Fig. 2 is track schematic diagram of contributing in the Gas Generator Set start and stop stage of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is track schematic diagram of contributing in the fired power generating unit start and stop stage of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the modified PJM5 node system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is each scene wind power prediction value of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is each spare requirement of scene system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is Load Prediction In Power Systems value of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is specifically described.
The present invention proposes that the energy storage of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state is excellent
Change configuration method.The method of proposition includes following several committed steps, S1: first according to historical data, to generation of electricity by new energy machine
Group power output predicted, construction generation of electricity by new energy unit (such as wind-power electricity generation) is contributed typical scene collection, in conjunction with load fluctuation characteristic,
Construct power system load scene collection；S2: the operation characteristic of analysis Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage is established state and is turned
Equation group is moved, clear state builds jump condition, establishes the state transfer mould of the start and stop stage running of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit
Type realizes transfer and switching during Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage running between different conditions；S3: according to system
And operating parameter, on the basis of considering wind electricity digestion target, with correlative investment and the operation minimum target of total cost, building is examined
Consider the energy storage Optimal Allocation Model of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state；S4: above-mentioned electricity is solved
Force system energy storage optimization allocation acquires electric system energy storage configuration scheme.This method is implemented as follows:
S1: building Operation of Electric Systems scene collection
According to the relevant statistics of wind power output and load, it is fitted distribution function, using Monte-Carlo analogy method
Stochastic simulation generates corresponding wind power output sample and each node power Load Time Series sample, by two sample combination producings
Operation of Electric Systems scene set.It is necessary in the case where can with scene reduction technology to reduction scene number, retain typical field
Scape reduces computational complexity in the case where having no lack of precision, improves the arithmetic speed of Solve problems.
Wind power output and the main deviation for considering wind speed and load prediction of the uncertainty of load, it is believed that respective deviation is equal
Load normal distribution.The true value of wind speed and load can be by indicating after prediction desired value and prediction error.Form is as follows:
In formula: v (t), PL(t) be respectively wind speed and load true value；Respectively wind speed and load is pre-
Survey desired value； ev(t)、eLIt (t) is respectively wind speed and load prediction error, the two obeys probability distribution；
Wind power output can calculate according to the following formula:
In formula: P (v) is power output of the Wind turbines in wind speed v；V is wind speed；vinFor the incision wind speed of wind-driven generator；
vrFor the rated power wind speed of wind-driven generator；voutFor the cut-out wind speed of wind-driven generator；F (v) is wind speed in vinTo vrBetween
When, the function of wind driven generator output power and wind speed relationship；PmaxFor the rated power of Wind turbines；
The wind power output and load combination producing Operation of Electric Systems scene set that above-mentioned simulation is generated.
S2: Gas Generator Set and the transfer modeling of fired power generating unit multistage state
Step S2 can specifically be divided into following sub-step: 1) analyzing the operation characteristic in fired power generating unit start and stop stage；2)
The modeling of fired power generating unit state, determines operating status number, the 0-1 variable of allocation list symptom state；3) clear fired power generating unit state is built
Jump condition establishes state transition equation group；4) column write thermal power unit operation characteristic constraint equation, improve fired power generating unit start and stop rank
Segment model.
1) fired power generating unit start and stop stage running specificity analysis
In practical power systems scheduling, fired power generating unit start-stop and non-instantaneous completion, unit is in starting and shutdown
It is all satisfied specific start and stop curve, fired power generating unit stills provide electric energy during this period.Common fired power generating unit shutdown process needs
Load up and load down process are undergone, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
2) fired power generating unit state models
According to fig. 2 with the state characteristic of Unit Commitment stage running shown in Fig. 3,4 0-1 variable characterization unit operation shapes are introduced
State: ui(t)、Wherein: ui(t) indicate whether unit i is in operation and shutdown status in moment t；Indicate whether unit i is in load up state in moment t；Indicate whether unit n is in receiving scheduling in moment t
State；Indicate whether unit n is in load down state in moment t；
3) set state equation of transfer
According to fig. 2 with the state characteristic of Unit Commitment stage running shown in Fig. 3, introducing following state transition equation group indicates machine
Switching of the group between each operating status.
yi(t)-zi(t)=ui(t) (5)
yi(t)+zi(t)≤1 (9)
Formula (4) guarantees that unit is only capable of every time in unique state；Formula (5)-formula (12) indicates operating states of the units
State transition model and logical constraint；Formula (13)-formula (16) indicates when state shifts from a state to the pact of another state
Beam relationship；Variable in the above formulas is 0-1 variable, in which: yi(t)、zi(t) change of machine, shutdown status is opened for control unit
Amount；Enter, jump out the variable of load up state for control unit；Enter for control unit,
Jump out the variable of schedulable state；Enter, jump out the variable of load down state for control unit；
Wherein, M indicates very big positive number, piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；Formula (17)-formula (18) indicates thermoelectricity
Power output of the unit when having just enter into schedulable state and load down state is necessary forP i, ensure that between each state of fired power generating unit
Linking, while it is worth noting that above-mentioned two formula is only applicable to fired power generating unit, it is not suitable for including Gas Generator Set
Rapid starting/stopping unit；
Δpi(t)=pi(t)-pi(t-1) (19)
The power output variation delta p of unit under formula (19)-formula (21) difference system normal operating conditioni(t), upper spinning reserve
Power output variable quantity when calledWith power output variable quantity of lower spinning reserve when calledWherein,WithIt is that unit provides the value of spinning reserve and lower spinning reserve；
4) unit ramping rate constraints:
Wherein, Rui(t) and Rdi(t) it is upper climbing and lower climbing capacity of the unit in t moment, and can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein, IthermalIt is fired power generating unit set；IgasIt is Gas Generator Set set；RUiAnd RDiIt is unit in schedulable state
Under upper climbing and lower climbing capacity；Be respectively upper climbing of the unit under load up and load down state and under
Climbing capacity, the two can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein,WithIt is the duration of load up and load down；
Formula (26)-formula (28) is system normal operating condition respectively, and the called and lower spinning reserve of upper spinning reserve is adjusted
The minimax of used time unit is contributed；Formula (29) is the constraint that unit minimax is rotated up and down marginal capacity；
Unit minimum start and stop time-constrain is shown below:
Wherein,WithIt is to open machine and downtime respectively；WithRespectively minimum opens machine and minimum
Downtime；
In the case where piece-wise linearization unit output curve, the power generation electricity e of uniti(t) it can be calculated by formula (31)
It arrives；
S3: it establishes and considers that Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the energy storage of multistage state transfer distribute mould rationally
Type
The objective function of model built of the present invention is so that correlative investment and operation total cost are minimum.
To sum up, shown in the objective function of model proposed by the invention such as following formula (32).General expenses is successively in formula are as follows: thermoelectricity
The power generation expense of unit, the starting expense of fired power generating unit, fired power generating unit shut down expense, electric power system dispatching abandonment punishment expense
With the scheduling cost of, DR resource, the discharge and recharge cost of electric energy storage device.
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；T is scheduling slot set；I is combustion gas and fired power generating unit collection
It closes, i ∈ I；J is wind power generating set set；S is electric energy storage device set, s ∈ S；E wind-force power output scene set； Respectively power generation expense, the starting expense, parking charge of combustion gas and fired power generating unit i in t moment
With with active service expense；For the investment cost of electric energy storage device；For the investment cost of transmission line of electricity；prεFor wind
Electricity power output scene ε probability of happening；VOLL and λwFor the mistake load cost and unit abandonment punishment cost of electric power system dispatching；On
The last two parts of formula are the expectations of upper spare spare conditional risk value under；
Combustion gas and fired power generating unit i can lead in the power generation expense of t moment, starting expense, idleness expense and active service expense
Formula (33)-formula (35) below is crossed to be calculated；The investment of electric energy storage device and transmission line of electricity is spare can be by formula (36) and formula (37)
It calculates；
In the above formulas:Respectively the unloaded expense of unit i, linearly generate electricity expense；Point
It Wei not single or the unit starting under unit capacity, stopping, upper spare, lower active service expense；cmAnd cpRespectively it is equipped with unit
Investment cost required for capacity and unit power electricity energy storage device；L is the set of transmission line of electricity；clineFor construction unit's capacity
Investment cost required for route；PlIt is the dilatation demand of route l；
The present invention proposes the storage of a kind of consideration consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state
Energy Optimal Configuration Method, the constraint condition for the Optimized model that this method uses are expressed as follows:
1) Operation of Electric Systems characteristic constrains
This type constraint includes such as power-balance, DC power flow constraint, transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained, the spare need of electric system
Ask constraint.Wherein power-balance constraint can be expressed as form:
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；For the set of unit at node n；For wind at node n
The set of power generator group；For the set of energy storage device electric at node n；piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；For wind power plant j t moment dispatch value；Respectively charge and discharge of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment
Power；DnIt (t) is workload demand of the load bus n in t moment；
Electric network swim is constrained, using the DC power flow equation for ignoring network loss, the common expression formula of DC flow model is such as
Under:
In formula: Bn,kFor the imaginary part of grid nodes admittance matrix；Δθε,n,kIt (t) is the electricity of t moment system node n and node k
Press phase angle difference；θε,n(t)、θε,k(t) be respectively t moment system node n and node k voltage phase angle；xn,kFor node n and node k
Line impedance；
Transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained can be expressed as form:
In formula:For the maximum transfer capacity for connecting system node n and node k route；
Electric system stand-by requirement constraint:
The statement of formula (41) and (42) is suitable for the different types of stand-by requirement of electric system (such as 1 hour spinning reserve, 15
It is minute spinning reserve, non-rotating spare etc.).The present invention only considers the form of 15 minutes spinning reserves.
In formula: Pr () is probability function；WithRespectively according to obtained by wind-powered electricity generation prediction and load prediction error
Upper spare spare value under is provided to electric energy storage for system；WithSpare need under respectively spare in electric system
It asks, wind-powered electricity generation and load prediction estimation error can be passed through；α and β is respectively to meet spare spare level of confidence under in system；
2) electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint
Electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint is as shown in formula (43)-(48).
Formula (43)-(48) are the energy constraints of electric energy storage device；EsIt (t) is electric energy of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment energy storage
It measures (SOC)；δsFor the loss factor in the case of the self discharge of electric energy storage device s；The charge and discharge of respectively electric energy storage device s
Electrical efficiency； γ sThe SOC upper and lower limit coefficient of respectively electric energy storage device s；For the rated capacity of electric energy storage device s；Formula
(45)-(46) are the charge and discharge power constraints of electric energy storage device；The maximum of respectively electric energy storage device s fills,
Discharge power； The charge and discharge working condition of respectively electric energy storage device s, is 0-1 variable；Formula (47) is electric storage
It can equipment working state constraint；Formula (48) is charge and discharge Constraints of Equilibrium of the electric energy storage device when considering self discharge；
3) energy storage active service capacity need to meet following constraint:
In formula:WithThe SOC value of electricity energy storage device when respectively system calls upper spare spare under；
4) machine unit characteristic constrains
Wind power generating set units limits
The related constraints such as Gas Generator Set and the units limits of fired power generating unit, ramping rate constraints, minimum start-off time constraints
As shown in aforementioned each associated expression.
S4: electric system multiple resources optimization scheduling problem is solved
The storage of the considerations of being established in proposition method of the present invention combustion gas and the transfer of fired power generating unit climbing capacity and multistage state
Energy Optimal Configuration Method can use business with linearization process at mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model of standard
Software GAMS calls CPLEX to facilitate solution, obtains electric power system dispatching decision scheme.
Below in conjunction with example, consideration combustion gas proposed by the present invention and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and multistage state are shifted
Energy storage Optimal Allocation Model be described further:
Example carries out simulation analysis by taking modified PJM5 node system as an example, as shown in Figure 4.System shares 5 generators
(Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit), each generator relevant parameter such as table 1.Table 2 is the operating parameter of electric energy storage device, and table 3 is defeated
Electric line capacity.VOLL and λwValue is respectively 3000 yuan/MWh and, 500 yuan/MWh.The value of level of confidence α and β are equal
It is 0.95.The case where considering 24 hours one day, each time interval are 1 hour.1 wind power plant is accessed in the node 1 of system,
Installed capacity is 600MW, and the power output and stand-by requirement difference under each scene of wind power plant (S1-S5) are as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, each
The probability of scene is respectively 23.22%, 18.78%, 16.08%, 21.36%and 20.56%.System total load such as Fig. 7 is
The ratio that the load that system load is located at 2,3,4,3 nodes of node accounts for total load respectively may be about 41.5%, 30.3%,
28.2%.
1 fired power generating unit parameter of table
The electric energy storage device scheduling parameter of table 2
Table 3 is the system index under different scenes.Result is analyzed it is found that method proposed by the invention is because it is contemplated that electric storage
The ability of the offer system reserve of energy equipment, is superior to other schemes on most of system index.When not considering that electric energy storage sets
It is standby when providing marginal capacity for system, it can provide spare due to only having traditional capability, have compressed unit in runing adjustment space,
Sacrifice certain flexibility.
Meanwhile distributing result rationally and also showing that electric system configuration energy storage device can be reduced route dilatation demand, it inhales simultaneously
It receives more clean energy resourcies, can especially be provided for electric system spare, bigger running space is provided for conventional rack, makes it
It can operate under preferably operating status.
System index under 3 different scenes of table
Note: "-" indicates that index is not suitable under the scene
The present invention proposes that the energy storage of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state is excellent
Change configuration method, in one agreed form, characterize between Gas Generator Set and when thermal power unit operation each state it is mutual switch,
Transfer relationship.Consider electric power system operation standby problem simultaneously, propose a kind of more resource dispatching models of electric system,
Comprehensively consider the case where energy storage provides spinning reserve jointly with unit for system and more meet practical operation situation, more accords with
Actual conditions are closed, while practicability is stronger.
It proposes the more resource dispatching models of electric system, realizes the scheduling of electric system multiple resources optimization, effectively reduce cleaning energy
The waste in source.Compared with existing electric power system dispatching model or Unit Combination model, the method for proposition more meets reality, practicability
It is stronger, the precision of fired power generating unit operation characteristic model in electric power system dispatching analysis is improved, carries out peak regulation resource for electric system
It distributes decision rationally and provides analysis tool, there is certain economic benefit and environmental benefit.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, all any changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, and generated function is made
When with range without departing from technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
Suddenly,
S1, first according to historical data, generation of electricity by new energy unit output is predicted, construct generation of electricity by new energy unit output allusion quotation
Type scene collection constructs power system load scene collection in conjunction with load fluctuation characteristic；
S2, the operation characteristic for analyzing Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit start and stop stage, establish state transition equation group, clear state is built
Jump condition establishes the state transition model of the start and stop stage running of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit, realizes Gas Generator Set and fire
Transfer and switching during electric Unit Commitment stage running between different conditions；
S3: according to system and operating parameter, on the basis of considering wind electricity digestion target, with correlative investment and total cost is run most
Small is target, and building considers that Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the energy storage of multistage state transfer distribute mould rationally
Type；
S4: solving above-mentioned electric system energy storage optimization allocation, acquires electric system energy storage configuration scheme.
2. the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the step S1 is implemented as follows:
Wind power output and the main deviation for considering wind speed and load prediction of the uncertainty of load, it is believed that the respective equal load of deviation
Normal distribution；The true value of wind speed and load can be by indicating after prediction desired value and prediction error；Form is as follows:
In formula: v (t), PL(t) be respectively wind speed and load true value；Respectively wind speed and load prediction expectation
Value；ev(t)、eLIt (t) is respectively wind speed and load prediction error, the two obeys probability distribution；
Wind power output can calculate according to the following formula:
In formula: P (v) is power output of the Wind turbines in wind speed v；V is wind speed；vinFor the incision wind speed of wind-driven generator；vrFor
The rated power wind speed of wind-driven generator；voutFor the cut-out wind speed of wind-driven generator；F (v) is wind speed in vinTo vrBetween when,
The function of wind driven generator output power and wind speed relationship；PmaxFor the rated power of Wind turbines；
The wind power output and load combination producing Operation of Electric Systems scene set that above-mentioned simulation is generated.
3. the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the step S2 is implemented as follows:
1) analyze the operation characteristic in fired power generating unit start and stop stage: fired power generating unit shutdown process needs to undergo load up and load down mistake
Journey；
2) fired power generating unit state models, and determines operating status number, the 0-1 variable of allocation list symptom state: is opened according to fired power generating unit
Stop stage running state characteristic, introduces 4 0-1 variable characterization operating states of the units: ui(t)、Its
In: ui(t) indicate whether unit i is in operation and shutdown status in moment t；Indicate whether unit i is in liter in moment t
Load condition；Indicate whether unit n is in the state for receiving scheduling in moment t；Indicate unit n moment t whether
In load down state；
3) clear fired power generating unit state builds jump condition, establishes state transition equation group: according to fired power generating unit start and stop stage running
State characteristic, introducing following state transition equation group indicates switching of the unit between each operating status；
yi(t)-zi(t)=ui(t) (5)
yi(t)+zi(t)≤1 (9)
Formula (4) guarantees that unit is only capable of every time in unique state；Formula (5)-formula (12) is the state for indicating operating states of the units
Metastasis model and logical constraint；Formula (13)-formula (16) indicates to close when state transfer from a state to the constraint of another state
System；Variable in the above formulas is 0-1 variable, in which: yi(t)、zi(t) variable of machine, shutdown status is opened for control unit；Enter, jump out the variable of load up state for control unit；Enter for control unit, jump
The variable of schedulable state out；Enter, jump out the variable of load down state for control unit；
Wherein, M indicates very big positive number, piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；Formula (17)-formula (18) indicates that fired power generating unit exists
Power output when having just enter into schedulable state and load down state is necessary for Pi, it ensure that the linking between each state of fired power generating unit,
Simultaneously it is worth noting that above-mentioned two formula is only applicable to fired power generating unit, it is not suitable for quickly opening including Gas Generator Set
Shutdown group；
Δpi(t)=pi(t)-pi(t-1) (19)
The power output variation delta p of unit under formula (19)-formula (21) difference system normal operating conditioni(t), upper spinning reserve is adjusted
The power output variable quantity of used timeWith power output variable quantity of lower spinning reserve when calledWherein,WithIt is machine
Group provides the value of spinning reserve and lower spinning reserve；
4) column write thermal power unit operation characteristic constraint equation, improve fired power generating unit start and stop stage model:
Wherein, Rui(t) and Rdi(t) it is upper climbing and lower climbing capacity of the unit in t moment, and can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein, IthermalIt is fired power generating unit set；IgasIt is Gas Generator Set set；RUiAnd RDiIt is unit under schedulable state
Upper climbing and lower climbing capacity；It is upper climbing and lower climbing of the unit under load up and load down state respectively
Ability, the two can be calculate by the following formula；
Wherein,WithIt is the duration of load up and load down；
Formula (26)-formula (28) is system normal operating condition respectively, when the called and lower spinning reserve of upper spinning reserve is called
The minimax of unit is contributed；Formula (29) is the constraint that unit minimax is rotated up and down marginal capacity；
Unit minimum start and stop time-constrain is shown below:
Wherein, Ti on(t) and Ti offIt (t) is to open machine and downtime respectively；WithRespectively minimum opens machine and minimum is stopped
The machine time；
In the case where piece-wise linearization unit output curve, the power generation electricity e of uniti(t) it can be calculated by formula (31)；
4. the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the step S3 is implemented as follows:
1) building considers the energy storage Optimal Allocation Model mesh of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state
Scalar functions are as follows:
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；T is scheduling slot set；I is combustion gas and fired power generating unit set, i
∈I；J is wind power generating set set；S is electric energy storage device set, s ∈ S；E wind-force power output scene set； Respectively power generation expense, the starting expense, parking charge of combustion gas and fired power generating unit i in t moment
With with active service expense；For the investment cost of electric energy storage device；For the investment cost of transmission line of electricity；prεFor wind
Electricity power output scene ε probability of happening；VOLL and λwFor the mistake load cost and unit abandonment punishment cost of electric power system dispatching；Above formula
Last two parts are the expectations of upper spare spare conditional risk value under；
Combustion gas and fired power generating unit i are in the case where the power generation expense of t moment, starting expense, idleness expense and active service expense can pass through
Face formula (33)-formula (35) is calculated；The investment of electric energy storage device and transmission line of electricity is spare to be calculated by formula (36) and formula (37)；
In the above formulas:Respectively the unloaded expense of unit i, linearly generate electricity expense；Respectively
Unit starting, stopping, upper spare, lower active service expense under single or unit capacity；cmAnd cpRespectively it is equipped with unit capacity
With investment cost required for unit power electricity energy storage device；L is the set of transmission line of electricity；clineFor construction unit's capacity lines
Required investment cost；PlIt is the dilatation demand of route l；
2) building considers the energy storage Optimal Allocation Model of Gas Generator Set and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and the transfer of multistage state about
Beam condition is as follows:
2.1) Operation of Electric Systems characteristic constrains
The constraint of Operation of Electric Systems characteristic, including the constraint of power-balance, DC power flow, transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained, electric system
Stand-by requirement constraint；
1. power-balance constraint can be expressed as form:
In formula: N is power system network topological node set；For the set of unit at node n；It is sent out for wind-force at node n
The set of motor group；For the set of energy storage device electric at node n；piIt (t) is power output of the unit i in t moment；For
Dispatch value of the wind power plant j in t moment；Respectively charge and discharge power of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment；Dn(t)
For load bus n t moment workload demand；
2. DC power flow constrains, using the DC power flow equation for ignoring network loss, the common expression formula of DC flow model is as follows:
In formula: Bn,kFor the imaginary part of grid nodes admittance matrix；Δθε,n,k(t) the voltage phase for being t moment system node n and node k
Angular difference；θε,n(t)、θε,k(t) be respectively t moment system node n and node k voltage phase angle；xn,kFor the line of node n and node k
Roadlock is anti-；
3. transmission line of electricity capacity-constrained can be expressed as form:
In formula:For the maximum transfer capacity for connecting system node n and node k route；
4. electric system stand-by requirement constrains: the statement of formula (41) and (42) is suitable for the different types of spare need of electric system
It asks:
In formula: Pr () is probability function；WithRespectively the electricity according to obtained by wind-powered electricity generation prediction and load prediction error stores up
Upper spare spare value under can be provided for system；WithSpare demand, can lead under respectively spare in electric system
Cross wind-powered electricity generation and load prediction estimation error；α and β is respectively to meet spare spare level of confidence under in system；
2.2) electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint
Electric energy storage device operation characteristic constraint is as shown in formula (43)-(48):
Formula (43)-(48) are the energy constraints of electric energy storage device；EsIt (t) is electric flux of the electricity energy storage device s in t moment energy storage；δs
For the loss factor in the case of the self discharge of electric energy storage device s；The efficiency for charge-discharge of respectively electric energy storage device s；γsThe SOC upper and lower limit coefficient of respectively electric energy storage device s；For the rated capacity of electric energy storage device s；Formula (45)-
(46) be electric energy storage device charge and discharge power constraint；The maximum charge and discharge of respectively electric energy storage device s
Power； The charge and discharge working condition of respectively electric energy storage device s, is 0-1 variable；Formula (47) is that electric energy storage is set
Standby working condition constrains；Formula (48) is charge and discharge Constraints of Equilibrium of the electric energy storage device when considering self discharge；
2.3) energy storage active service capacity
Energy storage active service capacity need to meet following constraint:
In formula:WithThe SOC value of electricity energy storage device when respectively system calls upper spare spare under；
2.4) wind power generating set units limits
Wind power generating set units limits are as follows:
In formula:For wind power plant j t moment power generating value.
5. the energy storage Optimal Configuration Method of a kind of consideration system combustion gas and fired power generating unit characteristic according to claim 1 or 4,
It is characterized in that, combustion gas the considerations of foundation and fired power generating unit climbing capacity and multistage state are shifted in the step S4
Energy storage Optimal Configuration Method linearization process then uses business software GAMS tune at the mixed integer linear programming model of standard
Facilitate solution with CPLEX, obtains electric power system dispatching decision scheme.
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| CN114285088A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-05 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Energy system optimal configuration method and system considering thermal power generating unit constraints |
| CN114498637B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-12 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Method for analyzing influence of new energy field configuration energy storage on utilization rate |
| CN114498637A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-05-13 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Method for analyzing influence of new energy field configuration energy storage on utilization rate |
| CN114552672A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-05-27 | 阿里巴巴（中国）有限公司 | Data processing method and storage medium for power system |
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