CN109143608B - Wavelength selection device and method based on Fresnel lens and solid zoom lens - Google Patents

Wavelength selection device and method based on Fresnel lens and solid zoom lens Download PDF

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CN109143608B
CN109143608B CN201811182673.8A CN201811182673A CN109143608B CN 109143608 B CN109143608 B CN 109143608B CN 201811182673 A CN201811182673 A CN 201811182673A CN 109143608 B CN109143608 B CN 109143608B
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solid
zoom lens
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fresnel lens
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CN109143608A (en
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邹永超
王俊
徐攀
赵学谦
马丽娜
胡正良
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/46—Systems using spatial filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0075—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. increasing, the depth of field or depth of focus

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser application, in particular to a wavelength selection device based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens and a use method, and is particularly suitable for wavelength selection of a super-continuum spectrum light source. The device comprises a broad spectrum light source, an output optical fiber, a collimating lens, a diaphragm, a Fresnel lens, a first solid zoom lens component, a second solid zoom lens component, an aberration correction lens, a spatial filter, a control and display module and a signal transmission line. The invention utilizes the dispersion effect of the Fresnel lens to enlarge the axial chromatic aberration of the broad spectrum light source, focuses different wavelength components of the light beam to different axial positions by means of the solid zoom lens with compact structure and excellent performance, changes the wavelength components focused to the position of the exit aperture by controlling the focal length of the solid zoom lens in a closed loop manner, and realizes the output of the light beam components with different wavelengths.

Description

Wavelength selection device and method based on Fresnel lens and solid zoom lens
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser application, in particular to a wavelength selection device based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens and a use method, and is particularly suitable for wavelength selection of a super-continuum spectrum light source.
Background
The super-continuum spectrum light source which is matured gradually in recent years has the advantages of large bandwidth, good stability and customizable repetition frequency besides the typical characteristics of laser, and is widely applied to the fields of fluorescence imaging, broad spectrum spectroscopy, biomedical imaging and the like. In practical applications, how to realize rapid selection of specific wavelength components required in the bandwidth range of the supercontinuum light source is a key problem affecting the application efficiency.
The prior art mainly includes three categories: (1) selecting the wavelength by adopting a narrow-band filter; (2) selecting wavelength by using light splitting devices such as prisms, gratings and the like in combination with the slits; (3) and an acousto-optic device is adopted, and the diffraction effect of the acousto-optic device is utilized to select the wavelength. Specifically, the method of selecting wavelength by using narrow-band filter is to add proper filter in the output light path of supercontinuum light source to screen the required wavelength. When the required output wavelength is changed, the corresponding filter plate needs to be replaced. The method is inconvenient to operate and difficult to realize continuous and adjustable output of the wavelength. The second method is to spread the spectral components of different wavelengths of the supercontinuum light source in space by using the light splitting effect of the light splitting device, and realize the selective output of the specific wavelength components by changing the position of the slit in cooperation with the slit. Although the method can realize rapid wavelength selection, the wavelength selection resolution and precision are difficult to ensure due to the limitation of the light splitting capability of the light splitting device and the influence of factors such as slit mechanical motion inertia and the like. The third method is to spread the spectral components with different wavelengths in the supercontinuum light source in space by using the diffraction effect of the acousto-optic device, and select specific wavelength components to output by matching with a focusing lens and a slit. The diffraction angle is changed by controlling the working frequency of the acousto-optic device, and further the wavelength component output at the slit is changed. The method is based on the acousto-optic effect, does not need to mechanically move any part, and has high wavelength selection precision and good repeatability. However, the diffraction efficiency of the acousto-optic device cannot reach 100%, and the device itself has a severe dispersion effect, so that the peak power of laser pulses is obviously reduced, the pulse width is widened, and the quality of output light beams is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wavelength selection device and a wavelength selection method based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens, aiming at realizing the wavelength selection device which is economical, compact in structure and excellent in performance, and is particularly suitable for wavelength selection of a super-continuum spectrum light source.
According to the wavelength selection device and method based on the Fresnel lens and the solid zoom lens, different wavelength components in the output of the broad spectrum light source are focused to different positions in the direction of an optical axis by using the dispersion effect of the Fresnel lens, and the wavelength of the light beam components focused at the position of the small exit hole is changed by adjusting the focal length of the solid zoom lens, so that the selective output of the different wavelength components is realized. Compared with the existing wavelength selection device and method, the system has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation method, wide wavelength selection range and higher precision, and is particularly suitable for wavelength selection of the supercontinuum light source.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a wavelength selection device based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens comprises a broad spectrum light source, an output optical fiber, a collimating lens, a diaphragm, the Fresnel lens, a first solid zoom lens component, a second solid zoom lens component, an aberration correction lens, a spatial filter, a control and display module and a signal transmission line. The solid state zoom lens component consists of an optical plane, an optical free-form surface and a solid state zoom lens driver; the first solid state variable focus lens component and the second solid state variable focus lens component form a solid state variable focus lens; the solid zoom lens driver is driven by a signal output by the control and display module through a signal transmission line, and can continuously change the focal length of the solid zoom lens with high precision;
the output light beam of the broad spectrum light source is coupled into an output optical fiber, the light beam is output from the output end of the optical fiber and is coupled to a collimating lens, and the light beam collimated by the collimating lens is incident to a diaphragm to adjust the size of the light beam; parallel light beams passing through the diaphragm are incident to the Fresnel lens, the axial chromatic aberration of the light beams is increased by the Fresnel lens, then the light beams sequentially pass through the first solid zoom lens assembly and the second solid zoom lens assembly, and then the light beams are focused after passing through the aberration correction lens; because the wide-spectrum light beams generate serious axial chromatic aberration after passing through the Fresnel lens, light beam components with different wavelengths are focused to different positions on an optical axis, only the spectrum component of which the focusing position is superposed with a small hole in the center of the spatial filter can be output, and other light beam components are blocked; the control and display module outputs a control signal to the solid zoom lens driver through the signal transmission line to control the focal length of the solid zoom lens group to change, so that the focusing position of the light beam on the optical axis is changed, the spectral components focused to the position of the central small hole of the spatial filter are changed, and the output of the spectral components with different wavelengths is realized.
Preferably, the broad spectrum light source is a supercontinuum light source.
Preferably, the focal length of the collimating lens is 10 mm.
Preferably, the aperture of the small hole on the spatial filter is phi 50 μm, and the aperture of the diaphragm is phi 5 mm.
Preferably, the solid state variable focus lens driver is a spring-loaded piezoelectric driver, and the maximum displacement output is 0.2 mm.
Preferably, the solid state variable focus lens driver is spring supported in cooperation with a voice coil motor, and the maximum displacement output is 0.2 mm.
Preferably, the solid state zoom lens driver is a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) driver, and the maximum displacement of the output is 0.2 mm.
Preferably, the control and display module comprises a programmable stabilized voltage power supply and a display control system; the maximum output voltage of the programmable stabilized voltage supply is not lower than 12V, the constant voltage regulation rate is 0.01%, the programming resolution is 10mV, and the command processing time is less than 10 ms; the display control system comprises a numerical value display and parameter interaction function;
in the arrangement of the solid variable focus lens package, the free curved surfaces of the two solid variable focus lens packages can be arranged to be adjacent to each other, or the free curved surfaces of the two solid variable focus lens packages can be arranged to be outside, and the two planes are adjacent to each other;
preferably, the optical free-form surface type description function of the solid zoom lens is as follows:
z＝A(x3/3+xy2)+Dx+E，
wherein A, D and E are constants, x and y are variables in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system as shown in FIG. 1, and z is the thickness of a single solid variable focus lens package; assuming that the distance moved by the first solid state variable focus lens component in the x direction and the distance moved by the second solid state variable focus lens component in the-x direction are both, the actual device thicknesses of the first solid state variable focus lens component and the second solid state variable focus lens component at the stop respectively become:
z1＝A[(x-)3/3+(x-)y2]+D(x-)+E
z2＝A[(x+)3/3+(x+)y2]+D(x+)+E，
z1is in a first solid stateActual thickness of the device, z, of the variable focus lens package at the stop2The actual thickness of the device corresponding to the second solid-state variable focus lens component at the diaphragm;
the total thickness zz after the two are superposed is as follows:
zz＝z1-z2+C，
where C is a constant, which can be obtained by simple derivation:
zz＝-2A(x2+y2)-2D+C，
therefore, after the relative displacement in the x direction occurs in the optical structure composed of two solid-state variable focus lens assemblies, the thickness of the structure generated by superposition is equivalent to one optical lens, and the focal length is determined by the following formula:
f＝[4A(n-1)]-1，
wherein f is the equivalent focal length, and n is the optical refractive index of the solid zoom lens material. It can be seen that after the design is complete, the focal length of the solid variable focus lens consisting of two solid variable focus lens components is determined by the relative displacement of the two solid variable focus lens components in the x-direction. The solid zoom lens driver can realize the accurate control of the relative positions of the two solid zoom lens components, thereby realizing different optical focal lengths. It should be noted that the above-mentioned optical free-form surface description function is only used for describing the operation principle of the solid-state zoom lens, and is not used to limit the present invention. A variety of different optical free-form surface descriptions may be employed, including but not limited to: higher-order XY polynomials, Zernike polynomials, radial basis functions, NURBS free-form surfaces, and the like. The free-form surface of the first solid zoom lens and the free-form surface of the second solid zoom lens can also adopt different surface type description methods according to the requirement of aberration correction.
Preferably, the optical free-form surface of the solid zoom lens is described by an XY polynomial, and the focal length variation range is 0.01 m to infinity.
The invention also provides a method for selecting the wavelength of the supercontinuum light source by using the device, which comprises the following steps:
first, the devices are connected as described above;
secondly, sequentially turning on the broad spectrum light source and the control and display module;
and thirdly, outputting a control signal to the solid zoom lens driver by using the control and display module, controlling the focal length of the solid zoom lens to change, and selecting the required wavelength to output.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the wavelength selection device and method based on the Fresnel lens and the solid zoom lens, provided by the invention, the axial chromatic aberration of the wide-spectrum light source is enlarged by utilizing the dispersion effect of the Fresnel lens, different wavelength components of a light beam are focused to different axial positions by virtue of the solid zoom lens with a compact structure and excellent performance, the wavelength components focused to the position of an exit aperture are changed by controlling the focal length of the solid zoom lens in a closed loop manner, and the output of the light beam components with different wavelengths is realized. Compared with the prior device and method, the system has simple structure, easy operation method, large dynamic range and higher wavelength selection precision, and is particularly suitable for wavelength selection of the supercontinuum light source.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: 01 is a broad spectrum light source, 02 is an optical fiber, 03 is a collimating lens comprising but not limited to a single lens, 04 is a diaphragm, 05 is a Fresnel lens, 06 is a first solid zoom lens component, 07 is a second solid zoom lens component, 08 is a second aberration correction lens, 09 is a light beam focused before a spatial filter position, 10 is a light beam focused at the spatial filter position, 11 is a light beam focused after the spatial filter position, 12 is a spatial filter, 13 is a control and display module, and 14 is a signal transmission line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid state variable focus lens package, which is merely an example for convenience of illustrating the working principle of the solid state variable focus lens package and is not a limitation on the present invention;
wherein: 15a and 15b are solid state zoom lens drivers, which are generally symmetrical in structure, 16a is an optical free-form surface, and 16b is an optical plane;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the solid state variable focus lens assembly without relative displacement and without focusing of light beam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the relative displacement between the solid-state variable focus lens assemblies when a light beam is focused;
wherein: the reference numeral 04 is a diaphragm, 06 is a first solid zoom lens component, 07 is a second solid zoom lens component, 17 is an emergent beam after passing through the solid zoom lens with the components not relatively displaced, 18 is an emergent beam after passing through the solid zoom lens with the components relatively displaced, and is the distance of the first solid zoom lens component moving in the x direction and the distance of the second solid zoom lens component moving in the-x direction.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a wavelength selection device and a wavelength selection method based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens, wherein the device comprises a wide-spectrum light source 01, an optical fiber 02, a collimating lens 03, a diaphragm 04, a Fresnel lens 05, a first solid zoom lens component 06, a second solid zoom lens component 07, an aberration correction lens 08, a spatial filter 12, a control and display module 13 and a signal transmission line 14, and is shown in figure 1. The structural composition and the working principle of the solid variable focus lens package will be explained by taking the second solid variable focus lens package 07 as an example, which is composed of a free form surface 16a, an optical plane 16b and solid variable focus lens drivers 15a and 15b as shown in fig. 2; two solid state variable focus lens components form a solid state variable focus lens; the solid zoom lens drivers 15a and 15b form a pair of driving structures, and the focal length of the solid zoom lens can be continuously changed with high precision by the driving of the control signal output by the control and display module 13 through the signal transmission line 14;
the output light beam of the wide-spectrum light source 01 is transmitted by the optical fiber 02 and then enters the collimating lens 03, and the collimated light beam enters the diaphragm 04; the parallel light beams subjected to size limitation through the diaphragm 04 are incident to the fresnel lens 05, the transmitted light beams are then incident to the first solid-state variable focus lens assembly 06 and the second solid-state variable focus lens assembly 07, and the emergent light beams are focused to the spatial filter 12 after passing through the aberration correction lens 08; due to the dispersion effect of the fresnel lens, different wavelength components in the light beam after the aberration correction lens 08 are focused to different positions on the optical axis, and only the light beam component focused to the position of the aperture of the spatial filter 12 can be output; the control and display module 13 outputs a control signal to the solid zoom lens driver through the signal transmission line 14, controls the focal length of the solid zoom lens to change, changes the focusing position of the light beam in the optical axis direction, and further changes the spectral components focused at the small hole of the spatial filter 12, thereby realizing the output of different wavelength components.
The working principle of the wavelength selection device of the invention is as follows: the output light of the wide-spectrum light source 01 is output through the optical fiber 02 to form an approximate ideal point light source with appropriate light intensity, and the point light source is positioned at the front focus of the collimating lens 03, so that a high-quality collimated light beam is generated behind the collimating lens 03; the light beam enters a Fresnel lens 05 after being subjected to size limitation through a diaphragm 04, the light beam after being transmitted is introduced with serious axial chromatic aberration, and then the light beam sequentially passes through a first solid-state variable-focus lens component 06, a second solid-state variable-focus lens component 07 and an aberration correction lens 08 and is focused to the vicinity of a spatial filter 12; the control and display module 13 outputs a control signal to the solid-state zoom lens driver through the signal transmission line 14, controls the focal length of the solid-state zoom lens group in real time, and changes the focusing position of the light beam in the optical axis direction; due to the dispersion effect of the fresnel lens, the focusing positions of the beam components with different wavelengths are different, as shown at 09, 10 and 11 in fig. 1; only when the spectral component focus position coincides with the spatial filter 12 central aperture position, as shown at 10 in fig. 1, the spectral component corresponding to that wavelength can be output; the control and display module 13 changes the focal length of the solid zoom lens, and further changes the spectral components aligned to the position of the central aperture of the spatial filter 12, so that the output of different wavelength components can be realized.
Wherein: the method for generating the collimated laser beam comprises but is not limited to a method for directly outputting the end face of the optical fiber shown in 01-02 in a structural schematic diagram, and also comprises a method for filtering by utilizing a laser matched with a spatial small hole; the position of the aberration correcting lens 08 includes, but is not limited to, the structure shown in the schematic diagram, which may be distributed on the left side of the first solid-state variable-focus lens assembly 06 or on the right side of the second solid-state variable-focus lens assembly 07; the number of the solid zoom lens components composing the solid zoom lens group includes but is not limited to 2 in the structural schematic diagram 1, and a plurality of components can be cascaded; the solid-state zoom lens driving method includes, but is not limited to, the method of spring support matching with the piezoelectric driver or the voice coil motor shown in 15a and 15b in the schematic structural diagram 2, and also includes other similar means such as a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) driver;
the above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A wavelength selection device based on a Fresnel lens and a solid zoom lens is characterized in that: the device comprises a broad spectrum light source, an output optical fiber, a collimating lens, a diaphragm, a Fresnel lens, a first solid zoom lens component, a second solid zoom lens component, an aberration correction lens, a spatial filter, a control and display module and a signal transmission line; the solid state zoom lens component consists of an optical plane, an optical free-form surface and a solid state zoom lens driver; the first solid state variable focus lens component and the second solid state variable focus lens component form a solid state variable focus lens; the solid zoom lens driver is driven by a signal output by the control and display module through a signal transmission line, and can continuously change the focal length of the solid zoom lens with high precision;
the output light beam of the broad spectrum light source is coupled into an output optical fiber, the light beam is output from the output end of the optical fiber and is coupled to a collimating lens, and the light beam collimated by the collimating lens is incident to a diaphragm to adjust the size of the light beam; parallel light beams passing through the diaphragm are incident to the Fresnel lens, the axial chromatic aberration of the light beams is increased by the Fresnel lens, then the light beams sequentially pass through the first solid zoom lens assembly and the second solid zoom lens assembly, and then the light beams are focused after passing through the aberration correction lens; because the wide-spectrum light beams generate serious axial chromatic aberration after passing through the Fresnel lens, light beam components with different wavelengths are focused to different positions on an optical axis, only the spectrum component of which the focusing position is superposed with a small hole in the center of the spatial filter can be output, and other light beam components are blocked; the control and display module outputs a control signal to the solid zoom lens driver through the signal transmission line to control the focal length of the solid zoom lens group to change, so that the focusing position of the light beam on the optical axis is changed, the spectral components focused to the position of the central small hole of the spatial filter are changed, and the output of the spectral components with different wavelengths is realized.
2. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the wide spectrum light source is a super-continuum spectrum light source.
3. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the focal length of the collimating lens is 10 mm.
4. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the small hole on the spatial filter is phi 50 mu m, and the aperture of the diaphragm is phi 5 mm.
5. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the solid zoom lens driver is supported by a spring and matched with a piezoelectric driver, and the maximum output displacement is 0.2 mm.
6. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the solid zoom lens driver is supported by a spring and matched with a voice coil motor, and the maximum output displacement is 0.2 mm.
7. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the solid state zoom lens driver is an MEMS driver, and the maximum output displacement is 0.2 mm.
8. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the control and display module comprises a programmable stabilized voltage power supply and a display control system; the maximum output voltage of the programmable stabilized voltage supply is not lower than 12V, the constant voltage regulation rate is 0.01%, the programming resolution is 10mV, and the command processing time is less than 10 ms; the display control system comprises a numerical value display and parameter interaction function.
9. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: in the arrangement of the solid variable focus lens packages, the free curved surfaces of the two solid variable focus lens packages are arranged in close proximity, or the free curved surfaces of the two solid variable focus lens packages are arranged outside, the two planes are in close proximity.
10. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the optical free-form surface type description function of the solid zoom lens is as follows:
z＝A(x3/3+xy2)+Dx+E，
where A, D and E are constants, x and y are variables in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and z is the thickness of a single solid variable focus lens package.
11. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 1, wherein: the optical free-form surface of the solid zoom lens is described by any one of high-order XY polynomials, Zernike polynomials, radial basis functions, NURBS free-form surfaces.
12. A fresnel lens and solid-state zoom lens-based wavelength selective device according to claim 11, wherein: the optical free-form surface of the solid zoom lens is described by an XY polynomial, and the focal length variation range is 0.01 m to infinity.
13. A method for wavelength selection of a supercontinuum light source using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a first step of connecting the device of claim 1;
secondly, sequentially turning on the broad spectrum light source and the control and display module;
and thirdly, outputting a control signal to the solid zoom lens driver by using the control and display module, controlling the focal length of the solid zoom lens to change, and selecting the required wavelength to output.
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