CN109143562B - Variable light sheet lighting system based on zooming principle - Google Patents
Variable light sheet lighting system based on zooming principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microscopic imaging, and particularly relates to a variable light sheet lighting system based on a zooming principle; the light emitted from the laser light source is emitted as a collimated light beam through the beam expanding system; the collimated light beam passes through the cylindrical lens, is converged in the direction with the focal power, is compressed into a line focusing light beam at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens and is emitted in parallel in the direction without the focal power; then, light sheets with different thicknesses and different lengths are obtained near the back focal plane of the image space by means of the change of the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens; the thickness and the length of the light sheet are continuously changed, the method is suitable for observing samples with different sizes, the operation procedure is simplified, and the use cost is reduced; the total length of the system is fixed; the total length of the system is short; the technical effect that the lens is damaged by high laser energy is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microscopic imaging, and particularly relates to a variable light sheet lighting system based on a zooming principle.
Background
The light sheet illumination microscope is a novel optical microscope. Unlike a conventional fluorescence microscope, the illumination light path of the light sheet illumination microscope is perpendicular to the fluorescence detection light path. The illumination light beam forms a thin and uniform sheet-shaped light beam in a certain range through the cylindrical lens, the detection light path performs detection imaging in the direction perpendicular to the illumination light path, and the excitation light beam is limited near the focal plane of the detection objective lens. The light sheet illumination microscope has weak phototoxicity and high imaging speed, is suitable for three-dimensional imaging and long-time real-time imaging of living tissues, and can obtain real-time dynamics of cell and subcellular levels. Therefore, the light sheet illumination microscope has very important significance for life science research.
The slice-cutting capability of a light sheet illumination microscope is mainly determined by the thickness of the light sheet, and the field of view is the length of the whole light sheet. The 3D view of the light sheet is shown in fig. 1, where the thickness W is defined as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the YZ plane gaussian beam waist position after the laser passes through the illumination objective, the field of view L is defined as the double rayleigh distance (also called the light sheet length), and the light transmission aperture h is defined as the light sheet height. The thickness and length of the required optical sheet vary for different size samples. The thickness and the length of the light sheet of most existing light sheet microscopes are determined, so that different types of light sheet microscopes need to be replaced for observing samples with different sizes, and the application range of the light sheet illumination microscope is greatly limited. Since the shape of the light sheet is related to the focal length of the illumination objective lens, the patent proposes a new method for designing the zoom illumination objective lens to obtain a light sheet with continuously variable thickness and length, so that the observation of samples with different sizes in a certain range can be realized on one light sheet illumination system.
2011 year
Ritter et al[1]A afocal zoom beam expanding system with a full-column lens is designed, the beam expanding ratio is 6.3, and the afocal zoom beam expanding system is applied to an optical sheet illumination microscope, so that samples of different sizes can be observed. Because the whole system is a full-column lens, the processing and the assembly are particularly difficult, and the manufacturing and assembling cost is high; secondly, the method realizes the afocal zoom beam expansion in the beam expansion system part, which is different from the method provided by the invention.
[1]
G,Ritter,Jan-Hendrik,Spille,Tim,Kaminski,and,Ulrich,Kubitscheck*.A cylindrical zoom lens unit for adjustable optical sectioning in light sheet microscopy[J].OSA,2010,2(138857):185-193。
2009 Gangqing et al designs a novel laser transmitting antenna[2]The antenna realizes continuous change of the aperture of the laser emission beam through the four-component mechanical compensation zoom objective lens. The system is an inverted Keplerian telescope except a laser light source and a fixed-focus collimating mirror. The system is used for communication, mainly focusing on beam size and energy, and the use of a zoom objective system is to ensure that the spot size on the ground receiving antenna is constant when the satellite is at different orbital heights. These and the present invention provideThe zoom objective lens is used differently, and the composition and properties of the optical system are different, so that the zoom objective lens cannot be applied to a light sheet fluorescence illumination microscope.
[2] Design and research of a novel laser transmitting antenna [ J ] popular science and technology, 2009(3), 27-29.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable light sheet illumination system based on a zooming principle, which realizes observation of a biological sample in a certain size range under the condition of not replacing the light sheet illumination system.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a variable-light-sheet lighting system based on a zooming principle comprises, arranged from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: the zoom illumination objective lens comprises a laser light source, a beam expanding system, a cylindrical lens and a zoom illumination objective lens, wherein the beam expanding system is a beam expanding system with a fixed beam expanding ratio, the zoom illumination objective lens is a three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens, the three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens sequentially comprises a front fixed group, a zoom group and a compensation group from an object side to an image side, the focal length of the front fixed group is positive, the focal length of the zoom group is negative, and the focal length of the compensation group is positive; the light emitted from the laser light source is emitted as a collimated light beam through the beam expanding system; the collimated light beam passes through the cylindrical lens, is converged in the direction with the focal power, is compressed into a line focusing light beam at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens, and is emitted in parallel in the direction without the focal power; and obtaining light sheets with different thicknesses and lengths near the back focal plane of the image space by means of the change of the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens. The technical scheme realizes that: the thickness and the length of the light sheet are continuously changed, so that the method is suitable for observing samples with different sizes, the operation procedure is simplified, and the use cost is reduced; the total length of the system is fixed; the total length of the system is short; the technical effect that the lens is damaged by high laser energy is avoided.
The beam expanding system described above may employ an inverted galilean telescope system. The optical path length can be reduced by adopting an inverted Galilean telescopic system.
The focal power in two mutually perpendicular sections of the cylindrical lens is different, no focal power exists in one plane, the radius of the beam waist of the Gaussian beam after passing through the section with the focal power of the cylindrical lens is compressed, and the radius of the beam waist is unchanged after passing through the section without the focal power of the cylindrical lens, so that the original circularly symmetric beam is changed into a line focusing beam, and a sheet of light is formed.
The zoom illumination objective described above may employ a three-component mechanically compensated zoom illumination objective. In the zooming process, the focal length is continuously changed, the generation of an optical sheet with continuously changed thickness is effectively ensured, and the optical sheet thickness W and the focal length are in a direct proportion relation (the thickness ratio of the variable optical sheet is equal to the zooming ratio). The light sheet with the proper thickness can be selected through zooming according to requirements in the process of observing the sample.
The three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens has no rear fixed component, and is simple and compact in structure, convenient to design and short in total length.
The three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens realizes the technical effect that the total length of the whole illumination system does not change along with the change of the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens. The total length of the lighting system is fixed, the mechanical design of the system can be simplified, and a user can conveniently observe a sample.
The three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens realizes the technical effect that the beam waist position of the optical sheet does not change along with the change of the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens in the zooming process, and a sample does not need to be moved in the zooming process, so that a user can conveniently observe the sample.
The three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens can be replaced by a four-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens, which sequentially comprises a front fixed group, a zoom group, a compensation group and a rear fixed group from an object side to an image side, and the focal length sequentially comprises positive, negative, positive and positive. This arrangement realizes: the total length of the system is fixed; the technical effect that the lens is damaged by high laser energy is avoided; the method is beneficial to the aberration correction of the system and the optimization of the illumination uniformity of the light sheet. The arrangement of the rear fixed group enables the uniformity of irradiance to be optimized to reach the optimal state, and the rear working distance and the length of the optical cylinder of the system can be adjusted.
Preferably: according to the beam expanding system, the system diaphragm is arranged in front of the beam expanding system, the position and the size of the diaphragm can be fixed, the difficulty of mechanical design is greatly reduced, and the total light energy of the system is constant.
In summary, in the technical solution, the light beams are emitted from the laser light source in the order of passing through, the beam waist positions of the light beams are located at the object space or the image space focal plane of the front group of the beam expanding system and near the object space or the image space focal plane, the beam expanding system expands the emitted laser beams, and then the cylindrical lens forms a sheet light, and the formed sheet light realizes the continuous change of the thickness and the length of the sheet light through the zoom illumination objective.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a light sheet 3D image formed by the light sheet lighting system;
FIG. 2: a schematic view of an illumination system for a three-component light sheet illumination microscope;
FIG. 3: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system in short focus;
FIG. 4: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system in short focus;
FIG. 5: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system at the middle focus;
FIG. 6: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system in the middle focus;
FIG. 7: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system in a long focus;
FIG. 8: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the three-component system in long focus;
FIG. 9: a point diagram of the three-component system in short focus;
FIG. 10: a point list diagram of the three-component system in middle focus;
FIG. 11: a point diagram of the three-component system in long focus;
FIG. 12: physical optical propagation diagram of the three-component system in short focus;
FIG. 13: physical optical propagation diagram of the three-component system at middle focus;
FIG. 14: physical optical propagation diagram of the three-component system in long focus;
FIG. 15: the lighting system schematic diagram of the four-component light sheet lighting microscope;
FIG. 16: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the four-component system in short focus;
FIG. 17: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the four-component system in short focus;
FIG. 18: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the four-component system at a middle focus;
FIG. 19: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of a four-component system in a middle focus;
FIG. 20: a YZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the four-component system in a long focus;
FIG. 21: an XZ plane light path schematic diagram (without a light source) of the four-component system in long focus;
FIG. 22: a point diagram of the four-component system in short focus;
FIG. 23: a point list diagram of the four-component system in middle focus;
FIG. 24: a point diagram of the four-component system in long focus;
FIG. 25: physical optical propagation diagram of four-component system in short focus;
FIG. 26: physical optical propagation diagram of four-component system at middle focus;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view showing: physical optical propagation diagrams of the four-component system in the long focus;
wherein:
1 is a laser light source;
2, a beam expanding system;
2-1 is the front group of the beam expanding system;
2-2 is a rear group of the beam expanding system;
3 is a cylindrical lens;
4 is a zoom illumination objective lens;
4-1 is a front fixed group of the zoom illumination objective lens;
4-2 is a zoom illumination objective lens zoom group;
4-3 is a zoom illumination objective lens compensation group;
4-4 is a fixed group behind the zoom illumination objective;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a schematic diagram of a variable-light-sheet illumination system based on the zoom principle, as shown in fig. 2, sequentially from an object side to an image side, includes: the variable light sheet with the thickness of 0.8-4.0 mu m (full width at half maximum) is planned to be realized at a certain fixed position of an image space of the zoom illumination objective lens, and the beam waist radius of the corresponding light sheet is 0.48-2.40 mu m. The wavelength lambda of the laser light source is 532nm, and the beam waist radius is 0.5 mm. The beam expanding system adopts an inverted Galileo or inverted Keplerian telescope system, and the length can be reduced by adopting the inverted Galileo telescope system; the beam expansion ratio M is determined as required, and is equal to the ratio of the focal lengths of the rear group 2-2 of the beam expansion system and the front group 2-1 of the beam expansion system, and the beam expansion ratio of the embodiment is determined to be 10 times. The system diaphragm is positioned in the front group 2-1 of the beam expanding system, the position and the size of the diaphragm are fixed, the difficulty of mechanical design is greatly reduced, and the total light energy of the system is constant. The sagittal focal length of the cylindrical lens with the focal power can be determined by referring to the clear aperture of the cylindrical lens and according to the requirement of being beneficial to aberration correction, the proper F number (such as being more than or equal to 3) is determined. The zoom illumination objective lens adopts a three-component mechanical compensation zoom optical system with a front fixed group; the zoom ratio of the zoom illumination objective lens is consistent with the thickness ratio of the variable light sheet. The three-component zoom illumination objective lens sequentially comprises a front fixed group 4-1, a zoom group 4-2 and a compensation group 4-3 from an object side to an image side, wherein focal lengths are positive, negative and positive in sequence, no rear fixed group is provided, and the three-component zoom illumination objective lens is simple and compact in structure, convenient to design and short in total length. The principle of producing variable thickness and length light sheets is as follows: the light emitted from the laser light source is collimated through the beam expanding system; the collimated light beam passes through the cylindrical lens, is converged in the direction with focal power, is compressed into a line focusing light beam at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens and is emitted in parallel in the direction without the focal power; then, light sheets with different thicknesses and lengths are obtained near the back focal plane of the image space by means of the change of the focal length of the back illumination objective lens. The focal length is continuously changed within a certain range, the generation of the light sheet with continuously changed thickness is effectively ensured, and the light sheet with proper thickness can be selected through zooming according to requirements in the process of observing a sample.
The object-image transformation relation of laser Gaussian beam waist in the system is as follows: firstly, the beam waist of the laser light source can be positioned on the object space or the image space focal plane of the front group 2-1 of the beam expanding system, and also can be positioned nearby the object space or the image space focal plane, but is not positioned on the surface of any lens, so that the lens is prevented from being damaged by higher laser energy; when the beam waist of the laser source is strictly positioned on the object space focal plane of the front group 2-1 of the beam expanding system, the beam waist passing through the beam expanding system is also strictly positioned on the image space focal plane of the rear group 2-2 of the beam expanding system, and when the beam waist of the laser source is positioned at other positions, the position of the image space beam waist passing through the beam expanding system is changed greatly, but the radius of the image space beam waist is unchanged and is equal to the original beam waist radius multiplied by the beam expanding ratio M. The beam waist radius after passing through the beam expanding system is 5mm in this embodiment. And secondly, the cylindrical lens is positioned near the rear group of the beam expanding system, the distance is suitable for mounting and adjusting the cylindrical lens, and the length of the system is reduced as much as possible. After passing through the cross section (XZ plane) with focal power of the cylindrical lens, the beam waist is located on the image focal plane of the cylindrical lens and also at a proper position of the object space of the zoom illumination objective (for example, the distance between the beam waist and the first piece of the zoom objective is not less than 6mm), and the radius of the beam waist is reduced, and the radius of the beam waist is compressed to micron level in the embodiment; while the waist radius is unchanged across the cylinder lens cross-section (YZ plane) where no optical power is present. Finally, viewed from the XZ plane, after the compressed beam waist passes through the three-component zoom illumination objective lens, emergent light is approximate to parallel light beams; seen from a YZ plane, the emergent light beam is a Gaussian light beam with a small beam waist, the beam waist of an image space of the Gaussian light beam is located at a fixed position behind the zoom illumination objective lens compensation group, namely, the position is kept unchanged in the zooming process, the total length of the system is fixed, a sample does not need to be moved in the zooming process, and a user can conveniently observe the sample.
The expression of the laser gaussian beam waist is shown in formula (1):
ω0′＝λf′/πMω0 (1)
wherein λ is the wavelength of the laser source, ω0The radius of the beam waist of the laser source, f' the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens, M the beam expansion ratio of the beam expansion system, omega0Is a process ofThe beam waist radius of the light sheet behind the zoom illumination objective. The sheet thickness is defined as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) at the YZ plane sheet waist, which is the radius ω0' dependence on the thickness of the slide (FWHM) is shown in equation (2):
FWHM≈1.66ω0′ (2)
the zoom ratio of the zoom illumination objective lens is 5, the focal length is 14.19-70.93 mm, the beam waist radius of an optical sheet passing through the zoom illumination objective lens is 0.48-2.40 mu m, and the corresponding optical sheet thickness is 0.8-4 mu m; the direction perpendicular to the cross section is the length direction of the optical sheet, the length value L is equal to two times Rayleigh distance, and the size of the L is 2.73-68.16 μm. The arrangement that the focal length is continuously changed within the range of 14.19-70.93 mm effectively ensures the light sheet with the thickness changing within the range of 0.8-4 mu m.
The variable optical sheet illumination system based on the principle lists short-focus, middle-focus and long-focus light path schematic diagrams of figures 3-8, focal lengths of corresponding zoom illumination objectives are 14.19-42.56-70.93 mm respectively, thicknesses of corresponding optical sheets are 0.8-2.4-4 μm respectively, point diagrams of the illumination system are shown in figures 9-11 respectively, and physical optical propagation diagrams are shown in figures 12-14 respectively.
Example two:
a schematic diagram of a variable-light-sheet illumination system based on the zoom principle, as shown in fig. 15, sequentially from an object side to an image side, comprising: the variable light sheet with the thickness of 0.8-4.0 mu m (full width at half maximum) is planned to be realized at a certain fixed position of an image space of the zoom illumination objective lens, and the beam waist radius of the corresponding light sheet is 0.48-2.40 mu m. The wavelength lambda of the laser light source is 532nm, and the beam waist radius is 0.5 mm. The beam expanding system adopts an inverted Galileo or inverted Keplerian telescope system, and the length can be reduced by adopting the inverted Galileo telescope system; the beam expansion ratio M is determined as required, and is equal to the ratio of the focal lengths of the rear group 2-2 and the front group 2-1 of the beam expansion system, and the beam expansion ratio of the embodiment is determined to be 10 times. The system diaphragm is positioned in the front group 2-1 of the beam expanding system, the position and the size of the diaphragm are fixed, the difficulty of mechanical design is greatly reduced, and the total light energy of the system is constant. The sagittal focal length of the cylindrical lens with the focal power can be determined by referring to the clear aperture of the cylindrical lens and according to the requirement of being beneficial to aberration correction, the proper F number (such as being more than or equal to 3) is determined. The zoom illumination objective lens adopts a four-component mechanical compensation zoom optical system with front and rear fixed groups; the zoom ratio of the zoom illumination objective lens is consistent with the thickness ratio of the variable light sheet. The four-component varifocal illumination objective lens sequentially comprises a front fixed group 4-1, a varifocal group 4-2, a compensation group 4-3 and a rear fixed group 4-4 from an object side to an image side, wherein focal lengths are positive, negative, positive and positive. The four-component zoom objective system is beneficial to the aberration correction of the system and the optimization of the illumination uniformity of an optical sheet. The arrangement of the rear fixed group enables the irradiance uniformity to be optimized to reach the optimal state, and the rear working distance and the optical cylinder length of the system can be adjusted. The principle of producing variable thickness and length light sheets is as follows: the light emitted from the laser light source is collimated through the beam expanding system; the collimated light beam passes through the cylindrical lens, is converged in the direction with focal power, is compressed into a line focusing light beam at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens and is emitted in parallel in the direction without the focal power; then, light sheets with different thicknesses and lengths are obtained near the back focal plane of the image space by means of the change of the focal length of the back zoom illumination objective lens. The focal length is continuously changed within a certain range, the generation of the light sheet with continuously changed thickness is effectively ensured, and the light sheet with proper thickness can be selected through zooming according to requirements in the process of observing a sample.
The object-image transformation relation of laser Gaussian beam waist in the system is as follows: firstly, the beam waist of the laser light source can be positioned on the object space or the image space focal plane of the front group of the beam expanding system, and also can be positioned nearby the object space or the image space focal plane, but not positioned on any lens surface, so that the lens is prevented from being damaged by higher laser energy; when the beam waist of the laser source is strictly positioned on the object space focal plane of the front group 2-1 of the beam expanding system, the beam waist passing through the beam expanding system is also strictly positioned on the image space focal plane of the rear group 2-2 of the beam expanding system, and when the beam waist of the laser source is positioned at other positions, the position of the image space beam waist passing through the beam expanding system is changed greatly, but the radius of the image space beam waist is unchanged and is equal to the original beam waist radius multiplied by the beam expanding ratio M. The beam waist radius after passing through the beam expanding system is 5mm in this embodiment. And secondly, the cylindrical lens is positioned near the rear group of the beam expanding system, the distance is suitable for mounting and adjusting the cylindrical lens, and the length of the system is reduced as much as possible. The beam waist passing through the cross section (XZ plane) with focal power of the cylindrical lens is positioned on the image focal plane of the cylindrical lens and is also positioned at a proper distance (for example, the distance between the beam waist and the first piece of the zoom objective is more than or equal to 6mm) of the object space of the zoom illumination objective, the radius of the beam waist is reduced, and the radius of the beam waist is compressed to micron level in the embodiment; while the waist radius is unchanged across the cylinder lens cross-section (YZ plane) where no optical power is present. Finally, viewed from an XZ plane, after the compressed beam waist passes through the four-component zoom illumination objective lens, emergent light is approximately regarded as parallel light beams; seen from a YZ plane, the emergent light beam is a Gaussian light beam with a small beam waist, the beam waist of an image space of the Gaussian light beam is located at a fixed position behind the zoom illumination objective lens compensation group, namely, the position is kept unchanged in the zooming process, the total length of the system is fixed, a sample does not need to be moved in the zooming process, and a user can conveniently observe the sample. The zoom ratio of the zoom illumination objective lens is 5, the focal length is 14.19-70.93 mm, the beam waist radius of an image space is 0.48-2.40 mu m, and the thickness of an optical sheet is 0.8-4 mu m; the direction perpendicular to the cross section is the longitudinal direction of the optical sheet, and the size of the optical sheet is 2.73 to 68.16 μm.
The variable optical sheet illumination system based on the above principle lists short-focus, middle-focus and long-focus optical path schematic diagrams of fig. 16-21, focal lengths of corresponding zoom illumination objectives are 14.19-42.56-70.93 mm respectively, corresponding optical sheet thicknesses are 0.8-2.4-4 μm respectively, point diagrams of the illumination system are shown in fig. 22-24 respectively, and physical optical propagation diagrams are shown in fig. 25-27 respectively.
From the design result, the system realizes continuous change of the size of the light sheet without adding a complex zoom system, and reduces the material and processing cost. Besides the common spherical mirror, the practical optical system can be properly added with an aspheric surface according to the requirements of aberration and light sheet uniformity optimization.
The technical solution is not described in detail and belongs to the technology known to the skilled person.
Claims (4)
1. A variable-light-sheet lighting system based on a zooming principle comprises, arranged from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: the zoom illumination objective lens comprises a laser light source, a beam expanding system, a cylindrical lens and a zoom illumination objective lens, wherein the beam expanding system is a beam expanding system with a fixed beam expanding ratio, the zoom illumination objective lens is a three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens, the three-component mechanical compensation zoom illumination objective lens sequentially comprises a front fixed group, a zoom group and a compensation group from an object side to an image side, the focal length of the front fixed group is positive, the focal length of the zoom group is negative, and the focal length of the compensation group is positive; the Gaussian beam emitted from the laser light source is emitted as a collimated beam through the beam expanding system; the collimated light beam passes through the cylindrical lens, is converged in the direction with the focal power, is compressed into a line focusing light beam at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens, and is emitted in parallel in the direction without the focal power; then, light sheets with different thicknesses and different lengths are obtained near the back focal plane of the image space by means of the change of the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens; the thickness of the polished section, the wavelength of the laser source, the beam expansion ratio of the beam expansion system and the beam waist radius of the laser source satisfy the following relations:
FWHM≈1.66ω0′；
wherein: omega0′＝λf′/πMω0FWHM is the thickness of the optical sheet, λ is the wavelength of the laser light source, ω0The radius of the beam waist of the laser light source, f' is the focal length of the zoom illumination objective lens, and M is the beam expansion ratio of the beam expansion system.
2. The variable light sheet illumination system based on the zoom principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the beam expanding system adopts an inverted Galileo telescopic system.
3. The variable light sheet illumination system based on the zoom principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the waist of the Gaussian beam is compressed after passing through the section with focal power of the cylindrical lens, and the radius of the waist of the Gaussian beam is unchanged after passing through the section without focal power of the cylindrical lens, so that the original circularly symmetric beam is changed into a line focusing beam, and a sheet of light is formed.
4. The variable light sheet illumination system based on the zoom principle as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the three-component mechanically compensated zoom illumination objective is replaced by a four-component mechanically compensated zoom illumination objective having a front fixed group, a zoom group, a compensation group and a rear fixed group in order from an object side to an image side, and a focal length is positive, negative, positive and positive in order.
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