CN109121225A - A kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN - Google Patents
A kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN Download PDFInfo
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- CN109121225A CN109121225A CN201811204798.6A CN201811204798A CN109121225A CN 109121225 A CN109121225 A CN 109121225A CN 201811204798 A CN201811204798 A CN 201811204798A CN 109121225 A CN109121225 A CN 109121225A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN, which includes water monitoring device, base station equipment and water quality monitoring center；Water monitoring device includes multiple sensor nodes, and sensor node is monitored perception to waters to be monitored, and the water quality condition sensing data of acquisition is sent to base station equipment；Base station equipment converges the water quality condition sensing data that each sensor node is sent, and water quality monitoring center is forwarded to after being handled；It alarms for the water quality condition sensing data that base station equipment is sent to be analyzed and processed and shown in water quality condition sensing data exception at water quality monitoring center.The water quality monitoring system realizes to the comprehensive of waters to be monitored, many reference amounts monitoring by the multiple sensor nodes being arranged in waters to be monitored, substantially increases the precision of monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wireless, and in particular to a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN.
Background technique
Water environment monitoring is the basis of environmental protection, and the purpose is to provide the foundation of science decision for environmental protection.When
River, lake etc. happen suddenly water environment pollution accident when, existing conventional means cannot achieve it is rapid, accurate, dynamically monitoring with it is pre-
Report, so that being difficult to quickly, properly make a policy.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN, the water quality monitoring system include water monitoring device, base station equipment and water
Quality supervision measured center；The water monitoring device includes multiple sensor nodes, and the sensor node carries out waters to be monitored
Monitoring perception, and the water quality condition sensing data of acquisition is sent to the base station equipment (BS)；The base station equipment (BS) is converged
Gather the water quality condition sensing data that each sensor node is sent, the water quality monitoring center is forwarded to after being handled；The water
Quality supervision measured center is used for the water quality condition sensing data that sends to the base station equipment and is analyzed and processed and shows, and in water quality
It alarms when state sensing data exception.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention provides a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN, the water quality monitoring system
System is realized by the multiple sensor nodes being arranged in waters to be monitored to the comprehensive of waters to be monitored, many reference amounts prison
It surveys, substantially increases the precision of monitoring.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment in attached drawing is not constituted to any limit of the invention
System, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to the following drawings
Other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the block schematic illustration of one embodiment of the invention water quality monitoring system；
Fig. 2 is the frame construction drawing at the water quality monitoring center of one embodiment of the invention.
Appended drawing reference: water monitoring device 1；Base station equipment 2；Water quality monitoring center 3；Alarm 4；Data processor 31；
Display 32.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN, which includes water monitoring device 1, base
Station equipment 2 and water quality monitoring center 3；Water monitoring device 1 includes multiple sensor nodes, and sensor node is to waters to be monitored
It is monitored perception, and the water quality condition sensing data of acquisition is sent to base station equipment 2；Base station equipment 2 converges each sensor
The water quality condition sensing data that node is sent, is forwarded to water quality monitoring center 3 after being handled；Water quality monitoring center 3 for pair
The water quality condition sensing data that base station equipment 2 is sent is analyzed and processed and shows, and in water quality condition sensing data exception
It alarms.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention provides a kind of water quality monitoring system based on wireless sensor network, the water quality monitoring
System realizes comprehensive, many reference amounts to waters to be monitored by the multiple sensor nodes being arranged in waters to be monitored
Monitoring, substantially increases the precision of monitoring.
Preferably, water quality condition sensing data includes the temperature in waters to be monitored, pH value, refractive index, conductivity and/or molten
Solve oxygen content.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, water quality monitoring center 3 includes data processor 31 and display 32；Data processor 31 will
The water quality condition sensing data received is compared with the secure threshold of corresponding setting, exports comparison result, and by display 32
Compared result is shown.
Preferably, which further includes the alarm 4 connecting with data processor, when water quality condition senses number
When according to beyond the corresponding secure threshold set, data processor 31 drives alarm 4 to alarm.
Preferably, at least one following sensors built in sensor node: temperature sensor, for acquiring at point to be monitored
Temperature；PH value sensor, for acquiring the pH value at point to be monitored；Index sensor, for acquiring at point to be monitored
Refractive index；Conductivity sensor, for acquiring the conductivity at point to be monitored；Dissolved oxygen content sensor, for acquiring wait supervise
Dissolved oxygen content at measuring point.
Preferably, in water quality monitoring system, each sensor node first passes through before acquiring water quality condition sensing data
The mode of topology evolution constructs a network topology structure of wireless sensor, specifically:
(1) in spreading well laid sensor node, base station equipment 2 is near itQ is chosen in a sensor node
A sensor node as cluster head, base station equipment 2 and its nearA sensor node together constitutes with initial topology；
(2) every a time step, selected out of optional range other than present topology one apart from base station equipment 2 most
Present topology is added in close sensor node, and obtains the neighbors collection of the sensor node；Calculate the sensor section being newly added
Point and each not only in its communication radius but also in the sensor node in present topology, the connection probability between base station equipment 2；
(3) if the connection maximum probability of the sensor node being newly added and base station equipment 2, the sensor node is elected
For cluster head, otherwise, which, which belongs to, is connected thereto the maximum cluster head of probability value, becomes the cluster member section of the cluster head
Point；
(4) (2)-(3) are continued to execute, until topology is added in all the sensors node being spread in waters to be monitored, are obtained
To updated wireless sensor topological structure.
Preferably, base station equipment 2 is near itQ sensor node is chosen in a sensor node as cluster
Head, specifically: calculating shouldThe cluster parameter of a sensor node, and obtained cluster parameter is subjected to descending arrangement, choosing
Q forward sensor node of cluster parameter marshalling is selected to as cluster head, Q is the first number of preset initial cluster, wherein sensor section
The cluster parameter of point u can be calculated using following formula:
In formula, Γ (u) is the cluster parameter of sensor node u, and cluster parameter, which is used to evaluation sensor node, becomes cluster head
Ability, cluster parameter is bigger, representative sensor node become cluster head a possibility that it is bigger；Gres(u) for sensor node u's
Residual energy magnitude, GresIt (i) is the residual energy magnitude of i-th of sensor node, andDu,BSFor sensor section
The generalized distance of point u and base station equipment 2, Di,BSFor the generalized distance of sensor node i and base station equipment 2, Du,iFor sensor section
The generalized distance of point u and i-th of sensor node, and as i=u, at this time Du,i=0, PuFor the transmitting function of sensor node u
Rate, PBSFor the reception power of base station equipment 2, α is decay factor, and d (u, BS) is the space of sensor node u and base station equipment 2
Distance, ξ1For weight coefficient, and meet ξ1+ξ2+ξ3=1.
The utility model has the advantages that in the present embodiment, defining the cluster parameter of the sensor node near base station equipment 2, and select
Q forward sensor node of cluster parameter marshalling is selected to as cluster head, by the calculation formula of the cluster parameter it is found that the present embodiment
Consider the dump energy of each sensor node, the transmission power of generalized distance and sensor node and base station equipment 2
The influence of power is received, so that the sensor node that residual energy magnitude is biggish, transmission power is high is more likely elected as cluster head,
And the building of initial primary topology is realized in turn, which is relatively beneficial to the stability of enhancing initial primary topology, opens up to be subsequent
The evolution for flutterring structure is had laid a good foundation.And the cluster parameter provided in the present embodiment joined distance factor, sensor
Node preferably selects the relatively closer sensor node of distance if other conditions are the same when connecting, avoid sensor section
The energy of point consumes excessively because of the increase of communication distance.
In one embodiment, generalized distance D of the sensor node u to base station equipment 2u,BSRefer to sensor node u
To the space length of base station equipment 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the generalized distance D of sensor node u to base station equipment 2u,BSUsing following formula
It is calculated:
In formula, Du,BSFor sensor node u to the generalized distance of base station equipment 2, d (u, BS) is sensor node u and institute
State the space length of base station equipment, EvuFor the attribute evaluation value of sensor node u, EvBSFor the attribute evaluation value of base station equipment 2,
EviFor the attribute evaluation value of i-th of sensor node, andYu,BSFor | Evu-EvBS| weight, Yi,BSFor |
Evi-EvBS| weight, and meetκ1dAnd κ1sSensor node u is illustrated respectively in the base station equipment
Generalized distance in space length and attributive distance weight, and meet κ1d+κ1s=1.
Attribute is primarily referred to as computing capability, storage capacity, transmittability, power consumption of sensor node and base station equipment etc.,
Attribute evaluation value is the comprehensive evaluation value to sensor node or base station equipment attribute, and comprehensive evaluation value is higher, represents sensing
The performance of device node or base station equipment is better.
The utility model has the advantages that in the present embodiment, defining generalized distance of the sensor node to base station equipment, the generalized distance
For measuring the influence of the space length and attributive distance of sensor node u and base station equipment 2 to sensor node.By the broad sense
The calculation formula of distance is it is found that the sensor node and space length of base station equipment 2 is bigger, its sensor node and base station equipment
2 generalized distance is bigger, and sensor node and the attributive distance of base station equipment 2 are bigger, sensor node and base station equipment 2
Generalized distance it is bigger so that the cluster parameter of the sensor node is bigger.The sensor defined through this embodiment
Node to base station equipment 2 generalized distance so that the space length of sensor node and base station equipment 2 is bigger, sensor section
The point sensor node bigger with the attributive distance of base station equipment 2 is more likely elected as cluster head, thus be conducive to energy balance,
The network topology structure of wireless sensor finally enable has better stability and survivability, advantageously reduces acquisition water
The energy consumption of matter state sensing data, saves the cost of the water quality monitoring system, extends the life of the water quality monitoring system
Order the period.
In one embodiment, the generalized distance of sensor node u and c-th of sensor node can be calculated using following formula
It arrives:
In formula, Du,cFor the generalized distance of sensor node u and c-th of sensor node, d (u, c) is sensor node u
With the space length of c-th of sensor node, d (u, k) is the space length of sensor node u and sensor node k, d (c, k)
For the space length of c sensor node and sensor node k, COM (u, c) indicates sensor node u and c-th of sensor section
The number of common neighbor node between point, Ω are to remove sensor node u and c-th of sensor node, current topological structure
The set that middle residue sensor node is constituted, EvuFor the attribute evaluation value of sensor node u, EvcFor c-th sensor node
Attribute evaluation value,For | Evu-Evc| weight,For | Evu-Evi| weight, and meetδ is to set
The invariant of a fixed very little, κ2dAnd κ2sBe illustrated respectively in the generalized distance of two sensor nodes space length and
The weight of attributive distance, meets κ1d+κ1s=1.
The utility model has the advantages that in the present embodiment, defining the generalized distance between two sensor nodes, which is used
To measure the influence of space length and attributive distance to the sensor node being newly added between two sensor nodes.It is wide by this
The calculation formula of adopted distance it is found that the space length of sensor node and other sensors node is bigger, sensor node and its
Generalized distance between his sensor node is bigger, and the attributive distance between sensor node and other sensors node is got over
Greatly, the generalized distance between sensor node and other sensors node is bigger, so that the cluster of the sensor node
Parameter is bigger.The generalized distance between two sensor nodes defined through this embodiment so that two sensor nodes it
Between the sensor node that space length is bigger, the attributive distance between two sensor nodes is bigger be more likely elected as
Cluster head, to be conducive to energy balance, the network topology structure of wireless sensor finally made have better stability and
Survivability energy advantageously reduces the energy consumption of acquisition water quality condition sensing data, saves the cost of the water quality monitoring system,
Extend the life cycle of the water quality monitoring system.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the sensor node x being newly added and the connection probability of base station equipment 2 are as follows:
In formula, ∏x,BS(BS) the connection probability value of sensor node x and the base station equipment, m are indicatedxFor sensor node
The slope for the straight line that x is formed to base station equipment 2, mbFor the slope of sensor node b to base station equipment 2 straight line formed, F { d
(x, BS) } it is decision function, which is used to determine whether sensor node x can directly carry out with the base station equipment
Information exchange, d (x, BS) indicate that the space length of sensor node x and base station equipment BS, local (x) indicate sensor node x
Neighbors collection, kxFor the node degree of sensor node x, kbFor the node degree of sensor node b, RIxIt is connect for sensor node x
Receive signal strength indication, RIbFor the received signal strength indication of sensor node b, LmaxFor the maximum of cluster head and the base station equipment 2
Communication distance, i.e., when sensor node x and the space length of the base station equipment are greater than Lmax, sensor node x and the base station
Information exchange cannot be directly carried out between equipment, conversely, can directly carry out letter between sensor node x and the base station equipment
Breath interaction, ε is topological parameter, meets 0 < ε < 1.
The utility model has the advantages that in the present embodiment, the connection defined between the sensor node being newly added and base station equipment is general
Rate, the connection probability describe a possibility that sensor node being newly added can carry out information exchange with base station equipment size,
By the calculation formula it is found that connection positional relationship of the probability from the node degree of sensor node, sensor node and base station equipment
Etc. the connection relationship that multiple angles consider the sensor node and base station equipment that are newly added, so as in all directions, it is more quasi-
The connection relationship for really measuring the sensor node and base station equipment that are newly added is conducive to subsequent to the sensor node being newly added
The accurate judgement of attaching problem.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the sensor node being newly added and the connection probability of any one cluster head
Are as follows:
Wherein:
In formula, ∏x,n(n) the connection probability value of sensor node x and cluster head n, G are indicatedres(x) for sensor node x's
Residual energy magnitude, kxFor the node degree of sensor node x, Gres(b) the residual energy magnitude for being sensor node b, kbFor sensor
The node degree of node b, F { d (x, n) } are decision function, which is used to determine that sensor node x and cluster head n whether may be used
Directly to carry out information exchange, d (x, n) indicates that the space length of sensor node x and cluster head n, local (x) indicate sensor
The neighbors collection of node x, LminFor the maximum communication distance of bunch member node, i.e., when the space of sensor node x and cluster head n away from
From greater than Lmin, information exchange cannot be directly carried out between sensor node x and cluster head n, conversely, sensor node x and cluster head n
Between can directly carry out information exchange, η1、η2For weight factor, meet η1+η2=1, Hx,nIndicate sensor node x and cluster
First n communication link quality weighted value, Hx,bIndicate the communication link quality weighted value of sensor node x and sensor node b.
The utility model has the advantages that in the present embodiment, the connection probability between the sensor node being newly added and cluster head is defined, it should
Connection probability describes a possibility that sensor node being newly added can carry out information exchange with cluster head size, by calculating public affairs
Formula is it is found that connection probability is saved from the node degree of sensor node, sensor node residual energy magnitude and sensor node and its neighbour
Multiple angles such as the link strength of point consider the connection relationship of the sensor node and cluster head that are newly added, so as to accurately
The new ownership that sensor node is added is determined, the good wireless sensor topological structure of stability is obtained.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered
Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of water quality monitoring system based on WSN, characterized in that including water monitoring device, base station equipment and water quality monitoring
Center；The water monitoring device includes multiple sensor nodes, and the sensor node is monitored sense to waters to be monitored
Know, and the water quality condition sensing data of acquisition is sent to the base station equipment；The base station equipment converges each sensor node
The water quality condition sensing data of transmission is forwarded to the water quality monitoring center after being handled；The water quality monitoring center is used for
The water quality condition sensing data of base station equipment transmission is analyzed and processed and is shown, and is different in water quality condition sensing data
It alarms when often.
2. water quality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water quality condition sensing data includes to be monitored
Temperature, pH value, refractive index, conductivity and/or the dissolved oxygen content in waters.
3. water quality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water quality monitoring center includes data processor
And display；The water quality condition sensing data received is compared by the data processor with the secure threshold of corresponding setting,
Comparison result is exported, and is shown by the display compared result.
4. water quality monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that further include the report being connect with the data processor
Alert device, when secure threshold of the water quality condition sensing data beyond corresponding setting, the data processor driving alarm is carried out
Alarm.
5. water quality monitoring system according to claim 1-4, characterized in that at least one built in sensor node
Following sensors:
Temperature sensor, for acquiring the temperature at point to be monitored；
PH value sensor, for acquiring the pH value at point to be monitored；
Index sensor, for acquiring the refractive index at point to be monitored；
Conductivity sensor, for acquiring the conductivity at point to be monitored；
Dissolved oxygen content sensor, for acquiring the dissolved oxygen content at point to be monitored.
6. water quality monitoring system according to claim 1-5, characterized in that in the water quality monitoring system,
For each sensor node before acquiring water quality condition sensing data, the mode for first passing through topology evolution constructs a wireless sensor network
Network topological structure, specifically:
(1) in spreading well laid sensor node, the base station equipment is near itQ are chosen in a sensor node
Sensor node as cluster head, the base station equipment and its nearA sensor node together constitutes with initial topology；
(2) every a time step, selected out of optional range other than present topology one apart from the base station equipment most
Present topology is added in close sensor node, and obtains the neighbors collection of the sensor node；Calculate the sensor section being newly added
Point and each not only in its communication radius but also in the sensor node in present topology, the connection probability between base station equipment；
(3) if the connection maximum probability of the sensor node being newly added and the base station equipment, the sensor node is elected
For cluster head, otherwise, which, which belongs to, is connected thereto the maximum cluster head of probability value, becomes the cluster member section of the cluster head
Point；
(4) (2)-(3) are continued to execute, until topology is added in all the sensors node being spread in waters to be monitored, are obtained more
Wireless sensor topological structure after new.
7. water quality monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that the base station equipment is near itA biography
Q sensor node is chosen in sensor node as cluster head, specifically: calculatingThe cluster of a sensor node is joined
Number, and obtained cluster parameter is subjected to descending arrangement, select the maximum Q sensor node of cluster parameter as cluster head, Q is
The preset first number of initial cluster, wherein the cluster parameter of sensor node u can be calculated using following formula:
In formula, Γ (u) is the cluster parameter of sensor node u, and cluster parameter, which is used to evaluation sensor node, becomes the energy of cluster head
A possibility that power, cluster parameter is bigger, and representative sensor node becomes cluster head is bigger；Gres(u) residue for being sensor node u
Energy value, GresIt (i) is the residual energy magnitude of i-th of sensor node, andDu,BSFor sensor node u
With the generalized distance of the base station equipment, Di,BSFor the generalized distance of sensor node i and the base station equipment, Du,iFor sensing
The generalized distance of device node u and i-th of sensor node, and as i=u, at this time Du,i=0, PuFor the hair of sensor node u
Penetrate power, PBSFor the reception power of the base station equipment BS, α is decay factor, and d (u, BS) is that sensor node u and base station are set
Standby space length, ξ1For weight coefficient, and meet ξ1+ξ2+ξ3=1.
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| CN109840366A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-06-04 | 温州宏伟建设有限公司 | A kind of municipal administration bridge condition checkout gear |
| CN110022540A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-16 | 众诚恒祥(北京)科技有限公司 | A kind of water quality safety monitoring system |
| CN110562623A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-13 | 邹瑜 | Intelligent garbage classification system |
| CN111800751A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-10-20 | 江苏华东新能源勘探有限公司（江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局八一三队） | Groundwater quality of water monitored control system |
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Application publication date: 20190101 |