CN109064063A - A kind of food safety risk Source Tracing system and method based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of food safety risk Source Tracing system and method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109064063A CN109064063A CN201811058108.0A CN201811058108A CN109064063A CN 109064063 A CN109064063 A CN 109064063A CN 201811058108 A CN201811058108 A CN 201811058108A CN 109064063 A CN109064063 A CN 109064063A
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
Block chain technology, the database layer and communication layers of system are applied in the present invention by the present invention relates to a kind of food safety risk Source Tracing method and system based on block chain, and visualization technique is applied to the operation layer of system.Data upload needs the digital signature of initiator to ensure that data are not tampered, and data are all stored into block chain.Data access is controlled by permission, is accessed by executing intelligent contract to data in block chain.Using Force-Directed Graph and flows to map and show that food risk is traced to the source process.When food-safe risk is traced to the source, user drills through retrospect source by Force-Directed Graph upwards, tracking food flow direction is drilled through still further below, Force-Directed Graph drilling operation is shown with map linkage is flowed to, flowing to arrow in map indicates risk food flow direction, wherein regional colour darkness is different, represents risk and flows to degree difference.The present invention not only solves traditional food and traces to the source that data storage is dangerous, and the problems such as central database is easily attacked also provides the user with friendly Visual Intelligent Interface Model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to block chain technology, visualization technique, the fields such as food safety, and in particular to one kind is based on block chain
Food safety risk Source Tracing system and method.
Background technique
Food-safety problem is a system problem, and it is wider to be related to face, and it is larger to solve difficulty.In traditional trace to the source no matter
Be country encouragement or enterprise effort, fail to solve commodity trace to the source it is anti-fake in maximum problem --- who has to provide
The information of public credibility.Traditional food safety management system is pushed by government, covering food production base, food processing enterprise
The upstream and downstream of the entire food industries chain such as industry, food terminal sale can be with once food quality goes wrong at consumer end
Networking inquiry is carried out by the code of tracing to the source on food labelling, finds the manufacturing enterprise of the food, the place of production of food, specific peasant household etc.
Whole circulation informations specify the corresponding legal liabilities in accident side.Conventional information only gives the book keeping operation mode at a center, from technology
Information can be tampered for angle, but after having block chain, block chain is trustization, decentralization, block
Data such as can not distort at the characteristics substantially, and visualization technique is seldom applied to food safety risk Source Tracing by tradition.
Block chain technique functions were the scholar of " in this acute hearing " (Satoshi nakamoto), bit coin by assumed name derived from 2008
It is block chain application scenarios the most successful so far.Block chain technology using comparative maturity have bit coin, ether mill,
Super account book etc., is based on block chain technical characterstic, and block chain is suitable for all trades and professions.Based on block chain characteristic, very great enterprise
Block chain technology is applied to foodstuff traceability by industry, and in October, 2016, Wal-Mart's food safety cooperation center existed with IBM and Tsing-Hua University
Foodstuff traceability system of the Chinese pilot based on block chain technology, in March, 2017, Alibaba ate with PricewaterhorseCoopers's cooperation development
Product supply block chain test item, in May, 2017 Wal-Mart and IBM U.S.'s pilot based on block chain technology mango supply
Chain is traced to the source project etc..Many papers combine block chain with tracing to the source, and few patents or paper are applied to visualization
Foodstuff traceability.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of food safety based on block chain
Risk Source Tracing system and method, block chain have decentralization, can not distort, open the important features such as transparent, can with this
Trusted and safety problem with solving food data, visualize with visual analysis technology then it is food-safe trace to the source play it is very big auxiliary
Effect is helped, quick recognition capability of the mankind on visualization model is made full use of.
Food safety risk Source Tracing system and method proposed by the present invention based on block chain, by block chain technology and
Visualization technique implantation food risk trace to the source framework progress；
The database layer, for all information in memory block chain, block chain structure is carried out by file system
Storage, include in block chain in have the related of the last state of block chain and all Transaction Informations and intelligent contract
Information, all information of acquisition include that food load duty square bar material, time, geographical location are stored in the form of block, often
A block is divided into block head and block body, and block head includes block height, transaction Hash and previous block Hash, block body packet
Transaction Information is included, is established the link between block and block by the previous block cryptographic Hash in block head, multiple block datas
It is stored by file system, database layer is responsible for recording the Transaction Information passed through of knowing together in communication layers；
The communication layers include network structure and agreement, realize P2P network, provide service, base for bottom block chain network
In block chain technology using super account book Fabric as platform and Gossip data dissemination agreement, the communication layers interior joint and service
Different roles is distributed, is divided into three types, respectively detection node, supervisory node, ordering joint according to functional role, is examined
It surveys the transaction that node submits user to be endorsed and (presently mainly signed), endorsement is traded by rear dry run, supervision section
Point is responsible for maintenance block chain, regularly the transaction block after sequence can be obtained from ordering joint (Orderer), to the friendship in block
Final detection is easily carried out, detection executes legal transaction after passing through, writes the result into block chain, the node in Fabric network
Between state synchronized and data distribution carried out by Gossip agreement, operation layer is directly come into contacts with communication layers, and communication layers are real
Showed connection to database layer to support, user by the operation layer the data after signature be uploaded to described in communication layers into
Row common recognition, the data after passing through of knowing together can be packaged into block and be uploaded to the database layer；
The operation layer supports the access of user, is the entrance of human-computer interaction, is mainly directed towards the developer of business,
User is come into contacts with using SDK with Fabric network, and user can initiate formally to trade, and calls intelligent contract can be right in operation layer
The state of block chain is operated, and intelligent contract provides support of the programmability to upper layer application, and user passes through intelligent contract
API write oneself intelligent contract, the information in block chain can be updated or read operation, the operation layer are
The bridge that user and communication layers are come into contacts with, the transaction that operation layer is submitted grasp database layer after communication layers common recognition passes through
Make, user is indirectly read out database layer data by operation layer and visualizes.
In the present invention, the food risk visual analysis system based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that described logical
Believe in layer, it is to be based on PKI system that the digital certificate, which is issued, and the number of digital certificate and MSP are associated, in conjunction with affiliated
MSP carries out authentication and permission control.
In the present invention, the food risk visual analysis system based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that the industry
It is engaged in layer, the client (SDK) obtains signing certificate (ECerts) by CA, and ECerts includes two public keys
It is right: a signature key to and an encryption key pair.
In the present invention, the food risk visual analysis system based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that the industry
It is engaged in layer, by Force-Directed Graph and flows to map and show that food risk is traced to the source process, pass through the Force-
Directed Graph traces to the source to risk case, is visualized by flowing to map to the space-time of risk case.
A kind of food safety risk Source Tracing method based on block chain, which comprises the following steps:
(1) user registers, and is based on PKI system, issues digital certificate to each user using PKI system, generates number
Word certificate with the identity of identity user, closed by the number of each identity and MSP (Membership Service Provider)
Connection carries out authentication and permission control in conjunction with affiliated MSP；
(2) whether verifying user is the user registered in (1), by food related data typing supply chain after being verified,
After node receives data, whether integrality, signature, the data for verifying data structure are repeated, and whether checkout transaction meets
Endorsement strategy, check readset close in version and account book it is whether consistent, when the above detection by after execution block in
Licit traffic updates account book state；
(3) all users obtain data from the account book that step (2) updates all in accordance with the permission of itself, use Force-
It Directed Graph and flows to map and shows that food risk is traced to the source process, when food risk case occurs, user passes through
Force-Directed Graph drills through retrospect source upwards, drills through tracking food flow direction, Force-Directed still further below
Graph interior joint indicates specific geographical location, and the line between node and node indicates the relationship between two geographical locations,
Force-Directed Graph drilling operation shows that flowing to arrow in map indicates the stream of risk food with map linkage is flowed to
To the colour darkness for flowing to each area in map is different, then the degree for representing risk flow direction is different, flows to map for opening up
Show the space characteristics of food, convenient for quickly recovering the analysis of food and degree of risk.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) compared with prior art, present invention combination block chain technology have decentralization, can not distort, open it is transparent etc.
Important feature solves trust and safety problem during food data report generation with this.
(2) compared with prior art, the invention proposes Force-Directed Graph shows food wind with map is flowed to
Danger is traced to the source process, is traced to the source by Force-Directed Graph risk case, by flowing to map to risk case
Space-time visualized, make full use of quick recognition capability of the mankind on visualization model.
(3) present invention be applied to block chain food safety risk to trace to the source to be trustization, gone to center based on block chain
Change, block data such as can not distort at the characteristics substantially, it is ensured that data it is secure and trusted, visualization is applied to food safety by the present invention
It is to make full use of quick identification energy of the mankind on visualization model based on information visualization and visual analysis technology that risk, which is traced to the source,
Power is the form of visual representation data, information and knowledge transformation, by human brain and modern computer this 2 most powerful information
Processing system links together, and by providing effective interaction visual interface, allows one to rapidly and accurately observe, filters, visits
Rope, understanding and analysis large-scale data, so that effectively discovery is hidden in the feature and rule of information inside.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of present system；
Fig. 2 is the network node architecture figure of present system.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) food safety risk Source Tracing method and system framework such as Fig. 1 based on block chain, is broadly divided into database
Layer, communication layers, operation layer.Wherein database layer includes block chain structure and multiple database structures, block chain structure record
Be Status Change history, State Database is slip condition database, record the last state traded in block chain,
History Database is historical data base, and the historical variations of storage configuration, Index Database is index data base, is deposited
Put index information.The communication layers interior joint distributes different roles, respectively detection node (DTP), supervisory node
(SVP), different nodes can all know together to transaction.The operation layer by intelligence and about Smart contract to data into
Row operation.Wherein block chain technology is applied to the database layer and communication layers of system, and visualization technique is applied to the business of system
Layer.
(2) for database layer for all information in memory block chain, block chain structure is deposited by file system
Storage, the related letter of the interior last state for having block chain for including in block chain and all Transaction Informations and intelligent contract
Breath etc., all information of acquisition include that food load duty square bar material, time, geographical location etc. are stored in the form of block,
Each block is divided into block head and block body, and block head includes block height, transaction Hash and previous block Hash, block body
Including Transaction Information, established the link between block and block by the previous block cryptographic Hash in block head, multiple block counts
It is stored according to by file system, database layer is mainly responsible for record and the Transaction Information in communication layers occurs；
(3) communication layers include network structure and agreement, realize P2P network, provide service for bottom block chain network, be based on
Block chain technology is using super account book Fabric as platform and Gossip data dissemination agreement, the communication layers interior joint and service point
With different roles, three types, respectively detection node, supervisory node, ordering joint are divided into according to functional role, are detected
The transaction that node submits user is endorsed and (is presently mainly signed), and endorsement is traded by rear dry run, supervisory node
It is responsible for maintenance block chain, regularly the transaction block after sequence can be obtained from ordering joint (Orderer), to the transaction in block
Carry out final detection, detection executes legal transaction after passing through, write the result into block chain, the node in Fabric network it
Between state synchronized and data distribution carried out by Gossip agreement, operation layer is directly come into contacts with communication layers, and communication layers are realized
The connection of database layer is supported, user is uploaded to data after signature the communication layers progress by the operation layer
Common recognition, the data after passing through of knowing together can be packaged into block and be uploaded to the database layer；
(4) operation layer supports the access of user, is the entrance of human-computer interaction, is mainly directed towards the developer of business, user
It is come into contacts with using SDK with Fabric network, user can initiate formally to trade, and call intelligent contract can be to block in operation layer
The state of chain is operated, and intelligent contract provides support of the programmability to upper layer application, and user passes through the API of intelligent contract
The intelligent contract of oneself is write, the information in block chain can be updated or read operation, the operation layer are users
The bridge come into contacts with communication layers, the transaction that operation layer is submitted operate database layer after communication layers common recognition passes through, use
Family is indirectly read out database layer data by operation layer and visualizes.
(5) block chain network framework is as shown in Fig. 2, Orderer node is responsible for carrying out the transaction received in a network
Overall situation sequence, Orderer mainly provide two interfaces of Broadcast and Deliver, and org1 and org2 respectively represent two not
With tissue, all Peer nodes are accounting nodes in each tissue, are responsible for verifying from sequence service node block chain
The copy of status data and account book is safeguarded in transaction.The service node that sorts receives the transaction comprising detection signature, the friendship to not being packaged
It easily is ranked up generation block, is broadcast to Peer node.Detection node (Detection peer, DTP) is dynamic role, is
It is bound with specific intelligent contract, Preliminary detection is carried out to transaction request, detection carries out signature endorsement after passing through.Supervisory node
(Supervision peer, SVP) responsible transaction verified from sequence service node block chain, maintenance status data and account book
Copy.Host node is to be responsible for obtaining most at ordering joint (Orderer peer, ODP) with the node for service node communication of sorting
New block and within the organization portion are synchronous.
(6) when a certain food event occurs, relevant departments enter block chain network by public key, are initiating formal transaction
Before, it needs first to construct transaction motion and submits to detection node (DTP), endorsed and (presently mainly signed), relevant departments
It receives and can use endorsement one legal transaction request of construction after enough endorsements are supported, be sent to the progress of Orderer node
Sequence, supervisory node regularly can obtain the batch transaction block structure after sequence from Orderer node, carry out to these transaction
Final inspection checks and then obtains database layer data relevant to this event using the ID of food after passing through, and data include
It carries on a shoulder pole and blames the information such as square bar material, time, geographical location, Force-Directed can be used in operation layer after acquisition data
It Graph and flows to map and shows that food risk is traced to the source process, retrospect risk is drilled through by Force-Directed Graph upwards
Food source, that is, risk food are specifically which place still further below drills through tracking risk food flow direction since,
Force-Directed Graph interior joint indicates specific geographical location, and Force-Directed Graph is similar with tree graph,
Root node indicates the source of risk case in Force-Directed Graph, and the line between node and node indicates two ground
The relationship between position is managed, child nodes are then the geographical locations that father node is flowed to, that is, the position of risk food flows to,
Force-Directed Graph drilling operation shows that flowing to arrow in map indicates the stream of risk food with map linkage is flowed to
To the colour darkness for flowing to each area in map is different, then the degree for representing risk flow direction is different.Force-Directed
Graph can directly show that geographical location flows to, and flow to map and be used to show the space characteristics of food and the degree of risk of food,
Convenient for quickly recovering the analysis of food and degree of risk.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of food safety risk Source Tracing system based on block chain characterized by comprising database layer, communication
Layer and operation layer；
The database layer, for all information in memory block chain, block chain structure is stored by file system
, the related letter of the interior last state for having block chain for including in block chain and all Transaction Informations and intelligent contract
Breath, all information of acquisition include that food load duty square bar material, time, geographical location are stored in the form of block, each
Block is divided into block head and block body, and block head includes that block height, transaction Hash and previous block Hash, block body include
Transaction Information is established the link between block and block by the previous block cryptographic Hash in block head, and multiple block datas are logical
It crosses file system to be stored, database layer is responsible for recording the Transaction Information passed through of knowing together in communication layers；
The communication layers include network structure and agreement, realize P2P network, provide service for bottom block chain network, are based on area
Block chain technology is using super account book Fabric as platform and Gossip data dissemination agreement, the communication layers interior joint and service distribution
Different roles is divided into three types, respectively detection node, supervisory node, ordering joint, detection section according to functional role
The transaction that point submits user is endorsed, and endorsement is traded by rear dry run, and supervisory node is responsible for safeguarding block chain, can be determined
The slave ordering joint of phase obtains the transaction block after sequence, carries out final detection to the transaction in block, detection is held after passing through
The legal transaction of row, writes the result into block chain, carries out state by Gossip agreement between the node in Fabric network
Synchronous and data distribution, operation layer are directly come into contacts with communication layers, and communication layers realize the support of the connection to database layer, user
The data after signature are uploaded to the communication layers by the operation layer to know together, the data after common recognition passes through can be packaged
The database layer is uploaded at block；
The operation layer supports the access of user, is the entrance of human-computer interaction, is mainly directed towards the developer of business, user
It is come into contacts with using SDK with Fabric network, user can initiate formally to trade, and call intelligent contract can be to block in operation layer
The state of chain is operated, and intelligent contract provides support of the programmability to upper layer application, and user passes through the API of intelligent contract
The intelligent contract of oneself is write, the information in block chain can be updated or read operation, the operation layer are users
The bridge come into contacts with communication layers, the transaction that operation layer is submitted operate database layer after communication layers common recognition passes through, use
Family is indirectly read out database layer data by operation layer and visualizes.
2. the food risk visual analysis system according to claim 1 based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that: described
In communication layers, it is to be based on PKI system that the digital certificate, which is issued, and the number of digital certificate and MSP are associated, in conjunction with affiliated
MSP carries out authentication and permission control.
3. the food risk visual analysis system according to claim 1 based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that: described
In operation layer, the client obtains signing certificate ECerts by CA, and ECerts includes two public key pairs: a label
Name key pair and an encryption key pair.
4. the food risk visual analysis system according to claim 1 based on block chain technology, it is characterised in that: described
In operation layer, by Force-Directed Graph and flows to map and show that food risk is traced to the source process, by described
Force-Directed Graph traces to the source to risk case, is visualized by flowing to map to the space-time of risk case
It shows.
5. a kind of food safety risk Source Tracing method based on block chain, which comprises the following steps:
(1) user registers, and is based on PKI system, issues digital certificate to each user using PKI system, generates number card
With the identity of identity user, the number of each identity and MSP (Membership Service Provider) are associated book,
Authentication and permission control are carried out in conjunction with affiliated MSP；
(2) whether verifying user is the user registered in (1), by food related data typing supply chain, node after being verified
After receiving data, whether integrality, signature, the data for verifying data structure are repeated, and whether checkout transaction meets
Endorsement strategy, check readset close in version and account book it is whether consistent, when the above detection by after execution block in
Licit traffic updates account book state；
(3) all users obtain data from the account book that step (2) updates all in accordance with the permission of itself, use Force-
It Directed Graph and flows to map and shows that food risk is traced to the source process, when food risk case occurs, user passes through
Force-Directed Graph drills through retrospect source upwards, drills through tracking food flow direction, Force-Directed still further below
Graph interior joint indicates specific geographical location, and the line between node and node indicates the relationship between two geographical locations,
Force-Directed Graph drilling operation shows that flowing to arrow in map indicates the stream of risk food with map linkage is flowed to
To the colour darkness for flowing to each area in map is different, then the degree for representing risk flow direction is different, flows to map for opening up
Show the space characteristics of food, convenient for quickly recovering the analysis of food and degree of risk.
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| CN109492054A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 北京食安链科技有限公司 | A kind of food quality data sharing method and system based on block chain |
| CN109918867A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-21 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Peer system file source tracing method based on block chain |
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