CN109063285B - Design method of earth slope drilling arrangement scheme - Google Patents
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Abstract
A design method for an earth slope drilling hole arrangement scheme comprises the steps of firstly establishing an earth mass parameter model based on a non-stationary random field theory, further reflecting the influence of field information obtained from different drilling holes on earth mass parameter probability distribution through a Bayesian update analysis method, finishing the estimation of spatial variation earth mass parameter statistical characteristics and slope posterior failure probability, and finally determining the optimal drilling hole position and the optimal drilling hole distance of a slope according to information analysis. The method has the advantages of clear concept, high calculation precision, reasonable description of the spatial variability characteristics of the soil body parameters and the like, and can obtain more valuable field test data on the premise of consuming the least engineering investigation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a soil slope drilling arrangement scheme, in particular to a drilling arrangement design method of an unsaturated viscous soil slope.
Background
Drilling is an important technical means of geological exploration, is widely applied to searching and exploring various minerals, oil and gas reservoirs, underground water, geothermy and stratums, and provides geological data for water conservancy construction, engineering buildings, traffic facilities and the like. Particularly, when slope engineering design is carried out, the acquisition of various soil body parameters is very important, and reasonable drilling arrangement scheme design is needed for acquiring more real drilling experiment data. The drill hole arrangement is mainly related to determining drill hole positions, drill hole intervals, drill hole depths, drill hole numbers and the like. The optimal drilling arrangement scheme can obtain the most valuable field test data on the premise of saving engineering exploration cost.
At present, a drilling arrangement design method does not form a relatively unified understanding, and only geotechnical engineering exploration specifications (GB 50021-2001) give corresponding calculation regulations:
(1) The exploration lines are arranged in a direction vertical to the slope, and when the exploration lines meet weak interlayers or unfavorable structural surfaces, drilling holes are properly encrypted. The depth of the exploration hole should penetrate through the potential sliding surface and go deep into the stabilizing layer by 2-5 m. In addition to conventional drilling, exploratory holes, exploratory troughs, exploratory wells, and deviated holes may be employed as desired.
(2) When the exploration is arranged, the influence of the exploration on the engineering natural environment is considered, and the damage to underground pipelines, underground engineering and the natural environment is prevented. And well backfilling is required after drilling, exploratory well and exploratory groove are completed.
(3) The survey point spacing on the main survey line should not be greater than 50 m and not less than 3 survey points.
(4) The distance between the exploration lines of the slope with the first level of exploration grade is 20-30 m, and the distance between the exploration points is 15-20 m; the distance between the exploration lines of the slope with the second-level exploration grade is 30-40 m, and the distance between the exploration lines is 25-30 m; the distance between the exploration lines of the side slope with the exploration grade of three levels is 40-50 m, and the distance between the exploration points is 30-40 m.
At present, how to design an optimal earth slope drilling arrangement scheme under the premise of only knowing the prior information of rock-soil body parameters, including determining the optimal drilling position, drilling interval, drilling number and the like, is still a key problem.
The imperfection of the drilling arrangement design theory and the unreasonable design of the drilling arrangement scheme can cause the change of the on-site exploration scheme and the increase of the construction cost, so that valuable on-site test data are difficult to obtain, and even safety accidents can be caused. For example, in 2014, the Hubei Ziguo county in the three gorges reservoir region of 9 months takes place of large-area mountain landslideThe whole of the mountain power station is damaged, and the 348 national road is interrupted because real field experiment data is not obtained during geological exploration, so that the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation is overestimated. And then for example, shaqu ore 4 # The coal seam is not well optimized due to the fact that drilling arrangement parameters are not well optimized, so that the situations of machine halt (average 1.2 times/h) and machine halt (average 3.6 times/month) of a tunneling machine set are frequent, and mining connection is seriously influenced.
Therefore, there are many problems to be solved in the design process of the current side slope drilling scheme, such as:
(1) The method is influenced by deposition, post-deposition, chemical weathering, carrying action, load history and the like, even if the characteristics of soil bodies at different positions of a homogeneous soil layer are different and have certain correlation, the correlation is inherent spatial variability of soil body parameters, the current drilling arrangement scheme design does not reasonably describe the influence of the spatial variability of the soil body parameters, and a conservative design scheme can be caused.
(2) The soil parameter prior information is very critical to the optimization design of the drilling hole arrangement scheme, however, the characteristic that the mean value and the standard deviation of the soil parameter gradually increase along the buried depth is not basically considered when the soil parameter prior information is represented at present, and the designed drilling hole arrangement scheme has larger deviation with the actual engineering.
(3) The common multi-objective optimization design method not only has very large calculation amount in the optimization process, but also cannot well utilize limited site information such as site test data and the like; the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation method is difficult to solve the problem of high-dimensional optimization design of a slope drilling arrangement scheme considering the spatial variability of soil parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for designing an earth slope drilling arrangement scheme aiming at the prior art, which is used for carrying out accurate and efficient optimization design on the drilling arrangement scheme, determining the optimal drilling position and the optimal drilling distance of a slope in a more convenient way, and obtaining the most valuable survey experiment data at the lowest engineering survey cost, thereby providing more comprehensive stratum information for knowing the stability of the slope.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The method for designing the earth slope drilling arrangement scheme comprises the following steps.
(1) And (3) constructing a soil parameter non-stationary random field model.
The method comprises the steps of collecting rough soil parameter prior information (mean value, standard deviation, probability distribution, fluctuation range and the like), dividing a slope random field grid, generating a non-stationary random field realization value with soil parameters gradually increasing along with the slope burial depth, and sequentially assigning the random field realization value to a slope model.
(2) Representative boreholes were randomly placed and simulated virtual field trial data.
According to geotechnical engineering exploration specifications (GB 50021-2001) and slope grades, a series of drill hole positions and drill hole intervals are randomly distributed on the surface of the slope, and virtual field test data obtained from the drill holes are simulated by adopting a Quasi random sampling technology on the basis of soil body parameter prior information aiming at each representative drill hole.
(3) And (3) establishing a spatial variation soil parameter statistical characteristic updating model.
Based on virtual field test data, establishing a likelihood function considering measurement and model conversion uncertainty, determining a constant related to the likelihood function, defining a new failure area, calculating the occurrence probability of a field information event by adopting a subset simulation method, obtaining failure samples from the occurrence probability, and estimating posterior probability density functions of space variation soil body parameters corresponding to different representative borehole combinations according to the failure samples.
(4) And calculating the posterior failure probability of the slope.
On the basis of estimating the posterior probability density function of the spatial variation soil parameters by adopting a subset simulation method, a slope failure area is constructed, and the posterior probability of the slope corresponding to different representative drilling hole combinations is calculated by adopting the subset simulation method again.
(5) And analyzing the site information quantity.
Based on the soil body parameter posterior probability density function and the slope posterior failure probability, the influence of field information on slope reliability updating and information quantity analysis is reflected by using a field information quantity expected value, the drilling position and the drilling interval corresponding to the optimal representative drilling combination are determined, and the optimal slope drilling arrangement scheme is guided and designed.
When the optimal borehole placement is calculated by using the analysis model: the shear strength parameters of the soil body can be simulated into a non-stationary lognormal random field, and the volume weight of the soil body is regarded as a constant; the site prior information described can be obtained from engineering experience, engineering analogy, survey reports and relevant literature.
The field information such as field test data collected from different drill holes of a specific field is used for updating the statistical characteristics of the soil parameters, and the influence of the field information on the probability distribution of the soil parameters and the slope stability can be reflected by the estimated posterior probability density function of the soil parameters and the posterior failure probability of the slope. The smaller the discreteness of the posterior probability density function is, the lower the posterior failure probability of the side slope is, and the more reasonable the borehole arrangement is.
The method is characterized in that a Bayesian method is used for updating the probability density function of the spatial variation soil parameters, calculating the posterior failure probability of the slope, and determining the optimal drilling position and the optimal drilling distance of the slope according to the field information analysis. The method has the advantages of clear concept, high calculation precision, reasonable description of inherent spatial variability of soil body parameters and the like, and can obtain more valuable field test data on the premise of consuming the least engineering investigation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a borehole arrangement.
Fig. 2 is a drill floor plan.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a borehole.
In the drawings: d 1 For horizontal distance of drilling, d 2 CPT1, \ 8230, CPT14 is a static sounding borehole, 1-2 is plain filling, 3-2 is silty clay, 3-3 is silty sandstone,W 2 is a weak weathering soil layer and is characterized in that,W 3 is a strong weathering soil layer.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
(1) And constructing a soil parameter non-stationary random field model.
The side slope surface soil body is influenced by factors such as ground rainfall, weathering, vegetation transpiration, traffic and the like, so that the uncertainty of the shear strength parameter of the side slope surface soil body surface is simulated by adopting lognormal distribution; simulating and reflecting the variability of the rate (trend component) of the soil shear strength parameter along with the increase of the burial depth by adopting the lognormal distribution; and simulating the variability of the random fluctuation component of the soil shear strength parameter by adopting a stable normal random field with the mean value of 0 and the standard deviation of a certain constant. Then dividing a side slope random field unit grid, dispersing the stationary normal random field by adopting a Karhunen-Loeve series expansion method, and calculating the soil body parameter non-stationary random field realization value on the basis.
(2) And (3) establishing a spatial variation soil parameter statistical characteristic updating model.
Selecting drill holes at different positions and any two drill hole combinations with different intervals from CPT1, \8230;, simulating virtual field test data of different soil layers (plain filling soil, silty clay and siltstone) obtained from CPT14 based on Quasi random sampling technology, establishing a likelihood function considering uncertainty of measurement and model conversion according to the virtual field test data, determining constants related to the likelihood function, defining a new failure area, establishing a bridge between Bayesian update and structural reliability analysis, converting a complex Bayesian update problem into an equivalent structural reliability problem, solving the structural reliability problem by adopting a subset simulation method, and estimating a posterior probability density function of a spatial variation parameter.
(3) And calculating the posterior failure probability.
On the basis of estimating the posterior probability density function of the spatial variation soil parameters by adopting the subset simulation method, a slope failure area is constructed, and the posterior failure probability of the slope is calculated by adopting the subset simulation method again.
(4) And analyzing the site information quantity.
The optimal drilling position, the optimal drilling distance and the like are determined by comparing the information quantity provided by the test data obtained by different drilling arrangement schemes for knowing the slope stability. The larger the information quantity value is, the larger the information quantity provided for knowing the slope stability performance by the test data acquired in a certain drilling arrangement scheme is, namely the more reasonable the designed drilling position and drilling interval are, and vice versa.
Specific examples of the present invention are as follows.
1. The slope height of a certain non-drainage saturated clay slope is 10 m, the slope angle is 26.6 degrees, and the volume weight of the soil body is 20 kN/m 3 Considered as a constant. The horizontal distance of the side slope is 60 m, and the elevation is-20 m-0.
2. The steps of designing the arrangement scheme of the side slope drilling holes according to the invention are as follows.
(1) And constructing a soil parameter non-stationary random field model.
Simulating the non-drainage shear strength of the surface of the side slope into a lognormal random variable with a priori mean value of 14.67 kPa and a priori standard deviation of 4.034 kPa based on the collected site prior information; simulating the rate (trend component) reflecting the increase of the soil strength along with the burial depth into a lognormal random variable with the prior mean value of 0.3 and the prior standard deviation of 0.09; the fluctuation component of the soil shear strength parameter is simulated into a stable normal random field with the prior mean value of 0 and the prior standard deviation of 0.24, and the horizontal fluctuation range and the vertical fluctuation range of the soil parameter obtained by the field cross plate shear test are respectively 38 m and 3.8 m. And dividing a side slope random field unit grid into 910 quadrilateral and triangular mixed units with horizontal and vertical sizes of 2.0 m and 0.5 m respectively. And simulating a stationary normal random field of the soil parameter fluctuation component by adopting a Karhunen-Lo efe series expansion method, and calculating the implementation value of the soil parameter non-stationary random field on the basis.
(2) And (3) establishing a spatial variation soil parameter statistical characteristic updating model.
Selecting a combination of boreholes at different locations and any two boreholes having different spacings from the CPT1, \8230;, the CPT14, multiplying the non-stationary random field realization values by the total error realization value taking into account the measurement and analog conversion uncertainties, wherein the total error is modeled as a log normal distribution with a median of 1.0 and a standard deviation of a constant, yields sets of virtual field test data acquired from certain boreholes. And establishing a likelihood function required by Bayesian analysis according to the above, defining a new failure region, and converting the complex Bayesian updating problem into an equivalent structure reliability problem.
(3) And estimating the posterior probability density function of the soil body parameters and the posterior failure probability of the slope.
And estimating the posterior probability density function and the slope posterior failure probability of the soil parameters by adopting a subset simulation method, wherein the number of samples in each layer is 1000, and the conditional probability is 0.1.
(4) And analyzing the field information quantity.
And calculating the expected value of the field information amount by utilizing Monte Carlo simulation according to the obtained slope posterior failure probability. The greater the expected value of the amount of information, the greater the amount of information that field test data obtained from a particular borehole location provides for understanding formation properties and slope stability performance. According to the calculation result, when the drilling position is gradually changed from the left side of the slope to the right side of the slope, the expected value of the information amount is increased and then reduced, the expected value reaches the maximum value at the position near the top of the slope, and the expected value is reduced to the minimum value at the right side of the toe of the slope. The slope surface area near the top of the slope can be presumed to be the optimal drilling position. Similarly, by comparing expected values of the amount of information calculated from test data obtained from any two combinations of boreholes at different pitches, an optimum horizontal fluctuation range (19 m) of the borehole pitch of about one-half times can be obtained.
Claims (3)
1. A method for designing an earth slope drilling arrangement scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Constructing a soil parameter non-stationary random field model:
collecting soil parameter prior information: dividing a slope random field grid into a mean value, a standard deviation, a probability distribution and a fluctuation range, generating a non-stationary random field realization value of which soil body parameters are gradually increased along with the slope burial depth, and sequentially assigning the random field realization value to a slope model;
(2) Representative boreholes were randomly placed and virtual field trial data was simulated:
according to geotechnical engineering exploration specifications and slope grades, randomly arranging a plurality of representative drill holes on the surface of a slope according to a series of drill hole positions and drill hole intervals, and simulating virtual field test data acquired from the drill holes by adopting a Quasi random sampling technology based on soil body parameter prior information aiming at each representative drill hole;
(3) Establishing a spatial variation soil parameter statistical characteristic updating model:
establishing a likelihood function considering measurement and model conversion uncertainty based on virtual field test data, determining a constant related to the likelihood function, defining a new failure area, calculating the occurrence probability of a field information event by adopting a subset simulation method, obtaining failure samples from the occurrence probability, and estimating posterior probability density functions of space variation soil body parameters corresponding to different representative borehole combinations according to the failure samples;
(4) Calculating the posterior failure probability of the slope:
on the basis of estimating the posterior probability density function of the spatial variation soil parameters by adopting a subset simulation method, constructing a slope failure area, and calculating the posterior probability of the slope corresponding to different representative drilling combinations by adopting the subset simulation method again;
(5) Analyzing the site information quantity:
based on a soil parameter posterior probability density function and a slope posterior failure probability, the influence of field information on slope reliability updating and information quantity analysis is reflected by utilizing a field information quantity expected value, and the larger the field information quantity expected value is, the larger the field test data obtained from a certain drilling position provides information quantity for understanding stratum characteristics and slope stability performance is, and the slope surface close to the top of the slope is taken as an optimal drilling position; also, the optimum drill hole pitch can be obtained by comparing the expected value of the amount of information calculated from the experimental data obtained from any two drill hole combinations at different pitches.
2. The method for designing an earth slope drilling arrangement scheme according to claim 1, wherein when the drilling arrangement is calculated: simulating the soil shear strength parameter into a non-stationary lognormal random field, and taking the soil volume weight as a constant; the site priors described are obtained from engineering experience, engineering analogies, geological survey reports and relevant literature data.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the field test data collected from different boreholes in a specific site is used to update the statistical characteristics of the soil parameters, and the influence of the field test data on the probability distribution of the soil parameters and the stability of the slope is reflected by the estimated posterior probability density function of the soil parameters and the posterior probability of failure of the slope, and the smaller the dispersion of the posterior probability density function is, the lower the posterior probability of failure of the slope is, indicating that the borehole is more reasonable to arrange.
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| CN112241594B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-06-07 | 同济大学 | Rapid optimization method for side slope exploration drilling arrangement scheme |
| US11530609B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2022-12-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Well placing using bayesian network expert system |
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