CN109047759A - A kind of Laser Scanning for improving interlaminar strength and reducing buckling deformation - Google Patents
A kind of Laser Scanning for improving interlaminar strength and reducing buckling deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109047759A CN109047759A CN201810927924.4A CN201810927924A CN109047759A CN 109047759 A CN109047759 A CN 109047759A CN 201810927924 A CN201810927924 A CN 201810927924A CN 109047759 A CN109047759 A CN 109047759A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The present invention provides the Laser Scannings of a kind of raising interlaminar strength and reduction buckling deformation, one powder bed is divided into multiple subdivisions, successively scan each subdivision, and make the laser beam scan path angle and adjacent difference of each subdivision, the at least part of scan path of each subdivision and at least part of scan path of adjacent subdivision are end to end simultaneously, next powder bed is scanned using same method again until completing all printings after completing the scanning of a powder bed, in this way since the thermal stress that scan path constantly changes therefore adjacent subsection is different from therefore reduces buckling deformation amount on the whole, simultaneously because at least part of scan path of each subdivision and at least part of scan path of adjacent subdivision are end to end, therefore the interconnectivity between subdivision is enhanced to improve Interlaminar strength.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of to improve interlaminar strength and reduce swashing for buckling deformation
Light scan method.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) is commonly called as 3D printing, has merged CAD, material
Material processing with forming technique, based on digital model file, by software and digital control system by dedicated metal material, non-gold
Belong to material and biomaterial for medical purpose, is successively accumulated according to modes such as extruding, sintering, melting, photocuring, injections, produce reality
The manufacturing technology of body article.It is a kind of " oneself relative to cooked mode difference traditional, to raw material removal-cutting, assembling
On down " by the manufacturing method of material addition, from scratch.This makes the past by the constraint of conventionally manufactured mode, and nothing
The complex structural member manufacture that method is realized becomes possible.Increasing material manufacturing prints three-dimension object in a hierarchical manner.In general, by 3D CAD mould
Type is cut into the multilayer of uniform thickness, is then delivered in printer and prints threedimensional model.
Selective laser sintering (SLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) are that increasing material manufacturing manufactures part in a hierarchical manner
With the routine techniques of complex object.Dense powder lamination is placed, layer thickness is uniform, then in selective laser melting
In the case of be sintered and powder or melt powder under the energy laser of selective laser sintering.For entire manufacturing process, three-dimensional CAD
Model is converted into multiple two dimension two-dimensional surfaces in homogeneous thickness, is stacked according to the material heap that needs a person with the qualifications of a general of part or product,
Due to 2D layers of simplicity, it is possible to produce complicated geometry.
Selective laser sintering (SLS) technology is mainly to utilize the original substantially of dusty material high temperature sintering under laser irradiation
Reason controls light source locating device by computer and realizes accurate positioning, then successively sintering accumulation molding.
SLS is that powder is sintered using infrared laser, first one layer of dusty material is spread with powdering roller bearing, by printing device
Constant temperature facility be heated to a certain temperature for being just below the powder sintered point, then laser beam irradiates on bisque, makes
Illuminated powder temperature rises on melting point, is sintered and realizes with the following part for having made forming and coheres.When one
After a level completes sintering, print platform declines the height of a thickness, and powdering system is that print platform spreads new powder
Material, then control laser beam irradiates again is sintered, and loops back and forth like this, is layering, until completing entire three-dimensional article
The print job of body.
SLM technology is completely melt under the heat effect of laser beam using metal powder, molding one through cooled and solidified
Kind technology is completed after fusing, operating platform lowers one using high-power laser beam by one layer of metal powder processing fusion molding
The distance of thickness continues to process next layer of powder, repeats this step, until the region for delimiting (selected needs to process) is all molten
Casting is completed, and a three-dimensional compound is just obtained.Required product (part) is exactly that successively processing logical in this way is accumulated.In height
Under laser energy density effect, metal powder is completely melt, can be achieved to form with the soldering of solid metal metallurgy after cooling.
SLM technology is exactly based on this process, and accumulation molds the rapid shaping technique of 3D solid layer by layer.
The processing technology of deposition and laser fusing for every layer of powder, the size and uniformity of powder particle are to closing weight
It wants.The material powder successively melted in a particular manner by laser energy, to manufacture such article or object, crystal grain ruler
Very little heterogeneity can crack effect in powder bed, while diffuse to interlayer connection, and will lead to heat-fusible materials
In conjunction with heterogeneity.
Printing need to define scanning speed every time, and for slow scanning speed, laser energy is by long duration of action in processed
Material, vice versa.Therefore, scanning speed is to influence another key factor of powder bed sintering and fusing, for very fast
Scanning speed, due to energy supply deficiency, which will not be sintered or melt, this eventually results in structure porosity and melting
The not generation of foot phenomenon.Equally, if scanning speed is slower than required speed, the more energy of material will be supplied to, this will
Lead to excess molten, the enhancing of thermal stress also leads to warpage and cracks.
Laser scanning strategy is material powder controls an important factor for its fusing is moved towards under laser energy effect, it can be
Thermal stress is generated around laser action point, therefore, if all positions of adjacent layer are overlapped, strong heat can be generated and answered
Power, thermal stress eventually generate the war ping effect with crackle, eventually lead to structural failure.In laser scanning strategy scope, most
Common scanning mode has simple scanning, zig-zag and cross scan strategy.
As shown in Figure 1, being the schematic diagram of most common simple scanning, zig-zag and cross scan strategy, along z-axis side
It being stacked to layer-by-layer scanning, black arrow indicates the direction of scan path, and figure (b) show simple scanning, as shown in its upper surface,
There are multiple scan path arrows along positive direction of the x-axis, along positive direction of the x-axis, i.e., just along x-axis the scan path of the scanning mode is uniformly
Laser returns to negative direction of the x-axis and is further continued for next scan path, each scan path after the previous scan path in direction
It is all identical；Figure (a) show zig-zag, unlike simple scanning, along the previous scanning road of positive direction of the x-axis
Laser can go back to form next scan path from positive direction of the x-axis toward negative direction scanning again after diameter, be formed repeatedly past
Multiple jagged scanning mode back and forth；Figure (a) show the scanning of cross scan namely upper one layer of scanning and this layer
Path it is cross-shaped, one layer of scanning as above is the zig-zag along x-axis, and next layer of scanning is the zigzag along y-axis
Scanning so intersects and stacks repeatedly.
Laser overlapping is existing overlapping phenomenon, usually partly overlapping scanning between two adjacent lines in scanning process
Path, this is an important phenomenon, because overlapping will be such that printing path merges, additional overlapping meeting is so that dusty material
Generation is melted again, and therefore, it will affect efficiency and time.Equally, lesser overlapping may be that adjacent molten road is not exclusively bonded phenomenon
The reason of generation.
When being produced with increases material manufacturing technology to a variety of materials, since laser facula has a diameter determined, because
This high energy acts in powder bed, due to the presence of thermal stress, it may be observed that the disturbance of powder and broken, material fusing
After be easy to produce fault of construction (such as warpage and crackle).
Laser power (watt), scanning speed (mm/s), overlapping material rate (%) and sweep span (millimeter) are to influence SLM
The factor of technologic material forming.
Because most of rapid shaping techniques have manufactured part in a manner of Layered manufacturing, each layer of thickness, table
An important factor for face quality and outline definition are at definition product quality.If first layer has coarse surface quality and does not advise
Surface profile then, subsequent layer also will receive influence, this eventually results in structure porosity and the bad phenomenon of Coating combination.
As shown in Fig. 2, being the comparative test an of zig-zag and cross scan gold sample.The average thickness of the sample is carried out
Analysis, analysis shows, since scanning has melted some extra powder in second of scanning, so the thickness of cross scan layer
For 358 μm the thickness of (intersect upper one layers and this layer), which is greater than (i.e. two layers of 278 μm of value of zig-zag strategy
The thickness of identical zig-zag layer).Identical sweep parameter has scanned twice in identical layer in cross scan,
So more heats are provided to powder, so that more powder sintered to bottom.Therefore, in cross scan strategy we
It can find the increased phenomenon of thickness, therefore zig-zag dominance of strategies is to can be improved intensity (the i.e. layer of interlayer connection
Between combine more closely spacing it is smaller), but due to having thermal residual strain in each layer of same direction, interlayer will appear
Buckling deformation, with the increase of the printing number of plies, buckling deformation can constantly increase, since the thermal stress of each layer mutually increases, warpage
Effect is consequently increased, and simple scanning is also same situation.In cross scan strategy, material powder last layer always perpendicular to
The direction of preceding layer is irradiated with a laser.Since each layer is actually perpendicular to preceding layer, each layer of thermal stress direction is not
It is identical, it will not add up, so this laser scanning great advantages are to reduce buckling deformation amount.But actually due to each layer
Perpendicular to preceding layer, printable layer is not built upon previous laser scanning line road, but in the vertical direction of preceding layer.Institute
It is reduced with interlaminar strength, the interlaminar strength of interlayer is poor (i.e. Coating combination defective tightness spacing is larger).
Therefore it can be found that there is interlaminar strength difference or buckling deformations for relatively conventional scanning mode in the prior art
Defect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the Laser Scannings of a kind of raising interlaminar strength and reduction buckling deformation, to overcome above-mentioned mention
The defect of the interlaminar strength existing in the prior art difference or buckling deformation that arrive.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: it is a kind of improve interlaminar strength and reduce buckling deformation laser sweep
Retouch method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: a powder bed being divided into N*M subdivision (N >=2, M >=2), to first by the way of simple scanning
A subdivision carries out laser scanning, so that first subdivision includes multiple laser beam scan paths with first angle, each
The laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；
Step 2: pair second subdivision adjacent with first subdivision progress laser is swept by the way of simple scanning
It retouches, so that second subdivision includes multiple laser beam scan paths with second angle, each laser beam scan path is equal
Including beginning and end, wherein second angle and first angle be not identical；
Step 3: remaining subdivision successively being scanned using the scanning mode of step 2 to complete the scanning of flood, is kept
The angle of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision and the laser beam scan path of adjacent previous subdivision not phase
Together, and the starting point of at least part of laser beam scan path of each subdivision and/or terminal are sub-portion adjacent thereto
The terminal and/or starting point of the laser beam scan path divided.
Preferably, the laser scanning is selective laser sintering (SLS) or selective laser melting (SLM).
Preferably, the laser scanning of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision and adjacent previous subdivision
The angle in path differs 5 degree or more.
Preferably, the laser scanning of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision and adjacent previous subdivision
The angle in path differs within 15 degree.
Preferably for first subdivision, the minimum angles of laser beam scan path are greater than or equal to 10 degree.
Preferably for first subdivision, the maximum angle of laser beam scan path is less than or equal to 45 degree.
A kind of Laser Scanning reducing buckling deformation, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: laser scanning being carried out to first layer powder by the way of simple scanning, so that one layer of powder includes multiple
Laser beam scan path with first angle, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；
Step 2: laser scanning being carried out to second layer powder by the way of simple scanning, so that second layer powder includes more
A laser beam scan path with second angle, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end, wherein second jiao
It spends not identical as first angle；
Step 3: remaining powder bed is successively scanned, so that each layer of powder includes that multiple laser with a certain angle are swept
Path is retouched, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end, wherein the angle of the laser beam scan path of each layer of powder
It spends and is different from the laser beam scan path angle of preceding layer and later layer powder.
Preferably, the laser scanning is selective laser sintering (SLS) or selective laser melting (SLM).
Preferably, the angle of the laser beam scan path of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each powder bed and adjacent preceding layer
5 degree of degree difference or more.
Preferably, the angle of the laser beam scan path of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each powder bed and adjacent preceding layer
Within 15 degree of degree difference.
Preferably for first layer powder, the minimum angles of laser beam scan path are greater than or equal to 10 degree.
Preferably for first layer powder, the maximum angle of laser beam scan path is less than or equal to 45 degree.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) powder bed is divided into multiple subdivisions by the present invention, successively scans each subdivision, and make each sub-portion
Point laser beam scan path angle and adjacent difference, while at least part of scan path of each subdivision and adjacent
At least part of scan path of subdivision is end to end, is swept again using same method after completing the scanning of a powder bed
Next powder bed is retouched until completing all printings, in this way since scan path constantly changes the thermal stress of therefore adjacent subsection
Be different from therefore reduce buckling deformation amount on the whole, simultaneously because at least part of scan path of each subdivision with
At least part of scan path of adjacent subdivision is end to end, therefore enhances the interconnectivity between subdivision to mention
High interlaminar strength；
(2) in the present invention in such a way that multilayer successively prints, and make the laser beam scan path of each layer of powder
The laser beam scan path angle of angle and preceding layer and later layer powder is different from, in this way due to the scanning road of adjacent layer
The thermal stress that the angle of diameter constantly changes therefore adjacent layer is different from therefore reduces on the whole buckling deformation amount.
Other than objects, features and advantages described above, there are also other objects, features and advantages by the present invention.
Below with reference to figure, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of simple scanning, zig-zag and cross scan strategy.
Fig. 2 is the comparative test figure of zig-zag and cross scan gold sample.
Fig. 3 is the laser scanning structural schematic diagram of a powder bed of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to be better understood by technology contents of the invention, spy lifts specific embodiment and institute's attached drawing is cooperated to be described as follows.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to improve interlaminar strength and reduce the Laser Scanning of buckling deformation the following steps are included: step in conjunction with Fig. 3
1: a powder bed being divided into 6*5 subdivision (each lattice is a subdivision in figure), using the side of simple scanning
Formula carries out laser scanning to first subdivision, so that first subdivision includes multiple laser scanning roads with first angle
Diameter (as shown in the arrow in figure in subdivision), each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；Step 2: using
The mode pair of simple scanning second subdivision neighbouring with first subdivision carries out laser scanning, so that second subdivision
Including multiple laser beam scan paths with second angle, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end, wherein
Second angle is not identical as first angle；Step 3: using the scanning mode of step 2 successively scan the 3-30 subdivision to
The scanning for completing flood keeps the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision and the laser of adjacent previous subdivision
The angle of scan path is not identical, and the starting point of at least part of laser beam scan path of each subdivision and/or end
Point is the terminal and/or starting point of the laser beam scan path of subdivision adjacent thereto.
The flood schematic construction being illustrated in figure 3 after the completion of scanning comprising 30 subdivisions, wherein each subdivision
Including multiple laser beam scan paths, the laser scanning of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision subdivision adjacent thereto
Path angle is different from, and the starting point of at least part of laser beam scan path of each subdivision and/or terminal are
The terminal and/or starting point of the laser beam scan path of subdivision adjacent thereto.
A powder bed is divided into multiple subdivisions in the present embodiment, successively scans each subdivision, and makes every height
Partial laser beam scan path angle and adjacent difference, at the same at least part of scan path of each subdivision with it is adjacent
Subdivision at least part of scan path it is end to end, complete after the scanning of a powder bed again using same method
Next powder bed is scanned until completing all printings, in this way since the heat that scan path constantly changes therefore adjacent subsection is answered
Power is different from therefore reduces buckling deformation amount on the whole, simultaneously because at least part of scan path of each subdivision
It is end to end at least part of scan path of adjacent subdivision, thus enhance the interconnectivity between subdivision to
Improve interlaminar strength.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Laser Scanning reducing buckling deformation is the following steps are included: step 1: by the way of simple scanning pair
First layer powder carries out laser scanning, so that one layer of powder includes multiple laser beam scan paths with first angle, Mei Gesuo
Stating laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；Step 2: laser being carried out to second layer powder by the way of simple scanning and is swept
It retouches, so that second layer powder includes multiple laser beam scan paths with second angle, each laser beam scan path is wrapped
Beginning and end is included, wherein second angle and first angle be not identical；Step 3: remaining powder bed is successively scanned, so that each
Layer powder includes multiple laser beam scan paths with a certain angle, and each laser beam scan path includes starting point and end
Point, wherein the laser beam scan path angle of the angle of the laser beam scan path of each layer of powder and preceding layer and later layer powder
Degree is different from.
In the present embodiment in such a way that multilayer successively prints, and make the angle of the laser beam scan path of each layer of powder
It spends and is different from the laser beam scan path angle of preceding layer and later layer powder, in this way due to the scan path of adjacent layer
Angle constantly change the thermal stress of therefore adjacent layer and be different from therefore reduce buckling deformation amount on the whole.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Laser Scanning for improving interlaminar strength and reducing buckling deformation, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: a powder bed being divided into N*M subdivision (N >=2, M >=2), to first son by the way of simple scanning
Part carries out laser scanning, so that first subdivision includes multiple laser beam scan paths with first angle, it is each described
Laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；
Step 2: pair second subdivision adjacent with first subdivision carries out laser scanning by the way of simple scanning, makes
Obtaining second subdivision includes multiple laser beam scan paths with second angle, and each laser beam scan path has included
Point and terminal, wherein second angle and first angle be not identical；
Step 3: remaining subdivision successively being scanned using the scanning mode of step 2 to complete the scanning of flood, is kept each
The angle of the laser beam scan path of a subdivision is not identical as the angle of the laser beam scan path of adjacent previous subdivision, and
And the starting point and/or terminal of at least part of laser beam scan path of each subdivision are swashing for subdivision adjacent thereto
The terminal and/or starting point in optical scanning path.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the laser scanning be selective laser sintering (SLS) or
Selective laser melting (SLM).
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision
5 degree or more are differed with the angle of the laser beam scan path of adjacent previous subdivision.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the angle of the laser beam scan path of each subdivision
It is differed within 15 degree with the angle of the laser beam scan path of adjacent previous subdivision.
5. a kind of Laser Scanning for reducing buckling deformation, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: laser scanning being carried out to first layer powder by the way of simple scanning, so that one layer of powder includes multiple having
The laser beam scan path of first angle, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end；
Step 2: laser scanning being carried out to second layer powder by the way of simple scanning, so that second layer powder includes multiple tools
Have the laser beam scan path of second angle, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end, wherein second angle with
First angle is not identical；
Step 3: remaining powder bed is successively scanned, so that each floor powder includes multiple laser scanning roads with a certain angle
Diameter, each laser beam scan path includes beginning and end, wherein the angle of the laser beam scan path of each layer of powder with
The laser beam scan path angle of preceding layer and later layer powder is different from.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the laser scanning be selective laser sintering (SLS) or
Selective laser melting (SLM).
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the angle of the laser beam scan path of each powder bed with
The angle of the laser beam scan path of adjacent preceding layer differs 5 degree or more.
8. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the angle of the laser beam scan path of each powder bed with
The angle of the laser beam scan path of adjacent preceding layer differs within 15 degree.
9. method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that for first subdivision or first layer powder, swash
The minimum angles in optical scanning path are greater than or equal to 10 degree.
10. method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that for first subdivision or first layer powder,
The maximum angle of laser beam scan path is less than or equal to 45 degree.
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| CN110449581A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-15 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of TiAl+Ti2The method of AlNb composite material Laser Melting Deposition preparation |
| CN114131050A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Unsupported 3D printing method |
| CN114951697A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing and scanning method based on SLM technology |
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