CN109003185B - Intelligent contract establishing method and device, computing equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Intelligent contract establishing method and device, computing equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for establishing an intelligent contract, computing equipment and a storage medium, which are suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps: a first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; and if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computers, in particular to a method and a device for establishing an intelligent contract, computing equipment and a storage medium.
Background
In general, when business relations are established among different enterprises, units or individuals, in order to save time and improve efficiency, electronic contracts are generated at the same time, and signing parties can establish the electronic contracts on the basis of mutual trust, so that when corresponding businesses are executed, if the triggering conditions of the electronic contracts are met, corresponding operations can be automatically executed. For example, the bank and the client trust each other to sign a contract for automatic payment of a credit card, and on the date of payment, the bank can automatically deduct the corresponding amount from the associated savings card without manual operation of the client, thereby improving the efficiency.
However, the electronic contract is an executable code recorded in a computer and is a digitized contract, and electronic contracts established between different banks and different mechanisms in different areas are likely to be acquired by other users, so that user information is leaked, even hacked or tampered, and further the security and accuracy of transaction records may be affected; moreover, the premise of the mode is that the signing parties trust each other, so that few enterprises which are completely trusted by the user can be provided, and the applicability of the electronic contract can be reduced.
In summary, the existing electronic contracts have the problems of low safety and low applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for establishing an intelligent contract, computing equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the problems of low safety and low applicability of the existing method for establishing an electronic contract.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent contract establishing method, which is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
a first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract;
if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
In one possible implementation, the first participant is a participant that newly joins the blockchain system;
before the first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant, the method further comprises the following steps:
the first participant obtains a key pair of the first participant, the key pair comprising a public key and a private key.
A possible implementation manner, before the first participant sends the update request based on the first intelligent contract to the second participant, the method further includes:
and the first participant confirms the transaction authority to be changed and generates the transaction authority mapping relation.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
the first participant receives an updating request which is sent by the second participant and is based on the second intelligent contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the third intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent contract establishing method, which is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
the second participant receives the update request sent by the first participant based on the first intelligent contract; the first participant and the second participant are either participants of the first smart contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
when the second participant confirms that the transaction authority mapping relation meets the updating rule, a second intelligent contract is generated based on the updating request;
sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second participant confirms that a second intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a second intelligent contract in the update request;
and if the second participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent contract establishing device, which is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is applicable to a first participant, comprising:
a sending module, configured to send an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract;
the determining module is used for updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system if the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
In one possible implementation, the first participant is a participant that newly joins the blockchain system; the device further comprises:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain, by the first participant, a key pair of the first participant, where the key pair includes a public key and a private key.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining module is further configured to confirm the transaction right to be changed and generate the transaction right mapping relationship.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining module is further configured to receive an update request based on the second intelligent contract sent by the second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
the determining module is further configured to update the third intelligent contract to the intelligent contract of the block chain system if it is determined that the received confirmation matching response satisfies a consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent contract establishing device, which is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is adapted for a second participant, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for receiving an update request sent by a first participant and based on the first intelligent contract; the first participant and the second participant are either participants of the first smart contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
the determining module is used for generating a second intelligent contract based on the updating request when the transaction authority mapping relation is confirmed to meet the updating rule; sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second intelligent contract generated based on the update request is confirmed to match the second intelligent contract in the update request; and if the received confirmation matching response is confirmed to meet the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform a method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computing device of an intelligent contract, which comprises:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing the method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention according to the obtained program.
Compared with the prior art, in the embodiment of the invention, the establishment of the intelligent contract is realized by a block chain technology based on a consensus algorithm, and the method is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; in the method, a first participant sends an updating request based on the intelligent contract to a second participant; wherein the update request includes a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between a transaction corresponding to the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; by the method, the authority can be established when each participant in the block chain executes the affairs in the intelligent contract, the benefit of each participant in the business is effectively guaranteed, potential safety hazards possibly caused when each participant executes the intelligent contract are further prevented, the data confidentiality is improved, the safety and the transaction accuracy of each participant in the intelligent contract can be guaranteed, and the applicability of the intelligent contract is improved. When the second participant confirms that the second intelligent contract generated according to the updating request is matched with the second intelligent contract in the updating request, a matching confirmation response is sent; and if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system. By the method, the intelligent contract can be updated based on the approval of each participant, so that the safety of the intelligent contract is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent contract block chain provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating a method of trading smart contracts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for establishing an intelligent contract according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for establishing an intelligent contract provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for establishing an intelligent contract provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent contract establishing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent contract creation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The block chain or the distributed account book network is a peer-to-peer network, namely, the nodes of the public chain such as Bizhou currency, Ether Fangfang and the like and the nodes of the alliance chain such as Fabric, Corda and the like are communicated and connected through the P2P network, and the rights are equal. Compared with the existing electronic contract, the establishment of the intelligent contract is realized through the block chain technology based on the consensus algorithm, so that the safety and the accuracy of the intelligent contract can be ensured; in addition, the block chain technology can sign corresponding electronic contracts without mutual trust of both signing parties, so that the applicability of the establishment method of the intelligent contracts can be improved. Taking Fabric as an example, the bottom layer blockchain platform may adopt a Fabric platform, and the corresponding intelligent contract layer may adopt a docker technology to realize a Go language compiling and executing environment; the application layer comprises interfaces which are provided by all participants for calling the data service platform, and application logic is realized.
The intelligent contracts established on the block chain technology are exemplified by taking an ether house as an example. Of course, other underlying platforms and corresponding compilation and execution environments may be used and are not limited thereto.
Etherum is a decentralized application platform built on top of blockchain technology. It allows anyone to build and use a decentralized application running through blockchain techniques in the platform. The Ethernet workshop platform encapsulates the bottom layer blockchain technology, so that a blockchain application developer can directly develop based on the Ethernet workshop platform, and the developer only needs to concentrate on the development of the application, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty. Programs on an EtherFang are referred to as smart contracts, which are collections of code and data.
Intelligent contracts are understood to be contracts (special transactions) written in code that can be executed automatically (message-driven) on a blockchain. EtherFang is more complete (in computer science terminology, it is called "TuinflexFang"). The intelligent contract is very suitable for application scenarios with high requirements on trust, safety and durability, such as: digital currency, digital assets, voting, insurance, financial applications, forecasted markets, title ownership management, internet of things, point-to-point transactions, and the like.
There are two types of accounts in an etherhouse: an external account and a contract account. The external account is private key controlled (by a person) and has no associated code. One external account may sign a transaction with a private key and send a message to another external account or a contract account. Transferring messages between two external accounts is a process of value transfer. Contract accounts are controlled by and have code associated with their contract code. Messages from the external account to the contract account activate the code of the contract account before the contract account performs the corresponding operation (e.g., transfer of a token, write to internal storage, dig up a new token, perform some operation, send other messages, create a new contract, etc.).
The intelligent contract construction based on the block chain, namely a plurality of participants jointly participate in making an intelligent contract, comprises the following steps:
firstly, a user needs to register as a user of a block chain, and the block chain is returned to the user for a pair of public keys and private keys; the public key is used as an account address of the user on the block chain, and the private key is used as a unique key for operating the account. As shown in fig. 1, a blockchain and distributed ledger network represents the identity of each participant in the network through its public key. The public and private key pair of participant 1 is (PK1, SK 1); the public and private key pair of participant 2 is (PK2, SK 2); the public and private key pair of participant 3 is (PK3, SK 3); the public and private key pair of participant 4 is (PK4, SK 4).
Step two, two or more than two users jointly agree a commitment according to the needs, and the commitment comprises the rights and obligations of both sides; these rights and obligations are written electronically in machine language; each participant signs with respective private keys; to ensure the validity of the contract.
Step three, the signed intelligent contract is diffused and stored in a block chain through a P2P network according to the promised content;
step four, the contracts are diffused in the whole block chain network in a mode of P2P, and each node receives one contract; the verification node in the block chain can firstly store the received contract into the memory, wait for a new round of consensus time and trigger consensus and processing of the contract.
Step five, when the consensus time arrives, the verification node packages all contracts stored in the latest period of time into a contract set (set), calculates the Hash value of the contract set, and finally assembles the Hash value of the contract set into a block structure to be diffused to the whole network; after receiving the block structure, other verification nodes take out the Hash of the contract set contained in the block structure and compare the Hash with the contract set stored by the other verification nodes; simultaneously sending a contract set approved by the user to other verification nodes; through such multiple rounds of sending and comparing; all the verification nodes eventually agree on the latest contract set within a specified time.
Step six, the newly achieved contract sets are diffused to the whole network in the form of blocks, as shown in fig. 2, each block contains the following information: the Hash value of the current block, the Hash value of the previous block, the timestamp when consensus is achieved, and other description information; the most important information of the block chain in the same time is a set of contracts with agreed consensus; and the nodes receiving the contract set verify each contract, and the verified contract is finally written into the block chain only, wherein the verified content mainly refers to whether the private key signature of the contract participant is matched with the account.
When the compiled contract bytecode is deployed on the ether house block chain in the form of a transaction sent by an external account number, the address of the contract account is used to mark the contract. After the contract is deployed, when the method of the intelligent contract needs to be called, only a message needs to be sent to the contract account, and the code of the intelligent contract is executed in the EVM after being triggered by the message.
When triggering the intelligent contract, the execution of the intelligent contract may include: the contract participant is a related participant for executing the intelligent contract, and sends a message through an external account of the contract participant to trigger the intelligent contract; a contract resource set, which is a participant resource involved in executing intelligent contracts, such as accounts of participating parties, owned digital property, and the like; the affairs in the intelligent contract mainly contain data to be sent; and the events in the intelligent contracts are descriptive information of the data. After the affair and the event information are received by the execution node of the intelligent contract, the resource state in the contract resource set is updated, and then the intelligent contract is triggered to judge the state machine. The state machine comprises current resource state judgment, next contract transaction execution selection and the like; if the intelligent contract system determines that the trigger condition contained in the event is met, automatically sending out preset data resources and the event comprising the trigger condition from an automatic state machine of the intelligent contract; and the contract transaction set is a next action or behavior set of the intelligent contract, controls the assets of the intelligent contract and responds to the received information.
Specifically, the execution of the intelligent contract based on the blockchain may include:
step one, regularly checking intelligent contracts in a block, and traversing a state machine, affairs and trigger conditions in each contract one by one; pushing the transaction meeting the condition to a queue to be verified, and waiting for consensus; transactions that do not meet the trigger condition will continue to be deposited on the blockchain.
Step two, the latest round of verified transactions can be diffused to each verification node, and the verification nodes firstly carry out signature verification to ensure the validity of the transactions as common block chain transactions or transactions; the transaction passing the verification enters a to-be-identified set, and after most verification nodes achieve the identification, the transaction is successfully executed and the user is informed. The intelligent contracts executed by the nodes are mutually independent, when the intelligent contracts executed by the nodes are finished, whether the mutual verification results are consistent or not is judged, and after the verification is passed, the results are returned to the user.
After the transaction is successfully executed, the state opportunity of the intelligent contract judges the state of the contract, and after all the transactions included in the contract are sequentially executed, the state opportunity marks the state of the contract as finished and removes the contract from the latest block; otherwise, the mark is marked as in progress, and the mark is continuously stored in the latest block to wait for the next round of processing until the processing is finished; the whole transaction and state processing is automatically completed by an intelligent contract system arranged in the bottom layer of the block chain, and the whole process is transparent and cannot be tampered.
Further, in order to further improve the security, the invocation request may also be an encrypted invocation request such as asymmetric encryption or symmetric encryption, and the specific signature algorithm is not limited herein.
In conclusion, compared with the existing electronic contract, the establishment of the intelligent contract is realized through the block chain technology based on the consensus algorithm, so that the safety and the accuracy of the intelligent contract can be ensured; in addition, the block chain technology can sign corresponding electronic contracts without mutual trust of both signing parties, so that the applicability of the establishment method of the intelligent contracts can be improved.
Further, however, from the perspective of invoking the intelligent contract, any node in the network may invoke the transaction in the intelligent contract without any restriction, due to the equal authority of each participant in the intelligent contract. For example, there is no concept of any rights setting in the public chain; whereas in a federation chain rights can only be defined based on whether or not a participant of a contract joins the contract. For example, in a four party alliance chain of unionpay, wanda, jingdong and recruiting bank, if only unionpay, wanda and jingdong are participators of a certain contract, when the intelligent contract is initialized or deployed, the public keys of the unionpay, wanda and jingdong parties are bound by the intelligent contract, which means that only the three parties can use the intelligent contract, and the recruiting bank cannot use the contract. However, in this contract, there are multiple transactions that can be invoked or run at will for each participant. In 2016, the problem occurs in the intelligent contracts of the Etherhouse crowd funding project DAO, and since anyone writing the intelligent contracts can call all the methods in the intelligent contracts, hackers find the vulnerabilities of the contracts, which directly causes the hard bifurcation of the Etherhouse.
Therefore, it is necessary to determine the authority for the transaction of each participant in the contract, so that each participant can perform its own job and ensure the interests of each party. As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a trading method for an intelligent contract, which is applied to a blockchain system of multiple participants deployed with an intelligent contract, and includes:
step 401: a first participant sends a call request for calling a transaction 1 of the intelligent contract to a second participant;
the call request can also comprise a signature generated by the first participant on the transaction 1 according to the private key of the first participant;
step 402: after receiving the calling request, the second participant confirms whether the transaction authority mapping relation between the first participant and the transaction 1 exists or not according to the transaction authority mapping relation in the intelligent contract; if yes, go to step 403; if not, go to step 405;
in particular, the second participant may first extract all public keys { PK ] that may invoke transaction 1 from the transaction privilege mapping1，PK2，PK3And then confirming whether a transaction authority mapping relation between the first participant and the transaction 1 exists. The transaction authority mapping relationship may be determined before deployment of the intelligent contract, or may be updated in the execution process of the intelligent contract, which is not limited herein, and the specific generation method is described in detail later. A schematic diagram of the mapping relationship may be as shown in fig. 3, where transaction 1 may be invoked by participant 1, participant 2, and participant 3. Transaction 2 may be invoked by participant 1 and participant 4, and transaction n may be invoked by participant n.
Step 403: the second participant confirms that the call request passes the verification, generates a signature for the confirmation response according to the private key of the second participant, spreads the signature to the whole network and broadcasts the signature to the first participant and other second participants;
specifically, the second participant extracts all public keys { PK ] that can call transaction 1 from the transaction authority mapping relationship1，PK2，PK3And verifying the signature of the call request.
Step 404: if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation response meets the consensus condition, calling a transaction 1;
step 405: and determining that the call request is an illegal call, specifically, ignoring the call request, or rejecting the call request by the intelligent contract.
By the method, the authority can be established when each participant in the block chain executes the affairs in the intelligent contract, the benefit of each participant in the business is effectively guaranteed, potential safety hazards possibly caused when each participant executes the intelligent contract are further prevented, the data confidentiality is improved, the safety and the transaction accuracy of each participant in the intelligent contract can be guaranteed, and the applicability of the intelligent contract is improved.
For an application scenario in which a second participant sends an update request for a smart contract to a first participant, the method further comprises:
step one, the first participant receives an updating request which is sent by the second participant and is based on the second intelligent contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
step two, if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the third intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
By the method, the modification of the authority when each participant in the block chain executes the transaction in the intelligent contract is updated based on the agreement of each participant, so that the benefit of each participant in the service is effectively ensured, and the applicability of the intelligent contract is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent contract establishing method, which is suitable for a blockchain system of a multi-party participant deployed with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
step 501: the second participant receives the update request sent by the first participant based on the first intelligent contract;
wherein the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the first intelligent contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
step 502: when the second participant confirms that the transaction authority mapping relation meets the updating rule, a second intelligent contract is generated based on the updating request;
step 503: sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second participant confirms that a second intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a second intelligent contract in the update request;
step 504: and if the second participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
The embodiments shown in fig. 4 and 5 are scenarios in which the participants have set the transaction authority relationship of each participant to update the smart contract if the smart contract has been deployed. In practical applications, a situation that the transaction right of a participant needs to be changed may also be involved, so that the embodiment of the present application provides a method for changing the transaction right, as shown in fig. 6, which is suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant deployed with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
step 601: a first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant;
wherein the update request includes a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract.
One possible application scenario may be that after the first intelligent contract is deployed, the first intelligent contract is updated in a manner that the first participant generates a second intelligent contract, so as to add or delete the mapping relationship between the first participant and each transaction.
In one possible implementation, the first participant is a participant newly joining the blockchain system after the first intelligent contract is deployed; before the first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant, the method further comprises the following steps: the first participant obtains a key pair of the first participant, the key pair comprising a public key and a private key.
Specifically, when a new participant is added to the blockchain system or the distributed ledger network, the new participant automatically generates an external account representing the identity of the new participant from the local, namely, a public and private key Pair (PK)new，SKnew)。
In a possible implementation manner, the first participant may be a participant when the first intelligent contract is deployed, or may be a participant newly joining the blockchain system; before the first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant, the method further comprises the following steps: and the first participant confirms the transaction authority to be changed and generates the transaction authority mapping relation.
In a specific implementation process, the second intelligent contract sent by the first participant to the second participant can update the address of the intelligent contract after the first intelligent contract for the first participant according to the transaction authority mapping relation; the address may be a hash value; the public key of the first participant may be a hash value, or may be in other identification manners, which is not limited herein.
Step 602: the second participant receives an updating request of the first intelligent contract, and generates a second intelligent contract based on the updating request when the transaction authority mapping relation is confirmed to meet an updating rule;
step 603: and when the second participant confirms that the second intelligent contract generated based on the updating request is matched with the second intelligent contract in the updating request, sending a confirmation matching response to the participant of the block chain.
Specifically, the second participant may match an address (hash value) of the second intelligent contract generated according to the update request with an address of the second intelligent contract in the update request, and if the matching is successful, determine the validity of the second intelligent contract.
Step 604: and if the first participant and the second participant confirm that the received confirmation matching responses meet the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the blockchain system.
Wherein the confirmation match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches the second intelligent contract in the update request.
The security of each participant in executing the intelligent contract is improved by setting that each participant can only call some transaction rights. By the method, the intelligent contract can be updated based on the approval of each participant, and the safety of the intelligent contract is further ensured.
In the deployment process of the intelligent contract, a first participant establishes a mapping relation between a transaction in the intelligent contract and a public key of the first participant, a second participant participating in the deployment of the intelligent contract verifies the mapping relation through a consensus algorithm, and if the verification is successful, the mapping relation is stored in an account book of each participant to ensure that the mapping relation cannot be tampered. After the intelligent contract is deployed, establishing a mapping relation between all transactions in the intelligent contract and the first participant and the second participant.
In the specific implementation process, the method can comprise the following steps:
firstly, a first participant sends an updating request based on a transaction authority mapping relation of the first participant to a second participant; the updating request comprises the public key of the first participant and the transaction authority of the first participant;
wherein the transaction permission mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction permission requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
and step two, if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, adding the mapping relation of the first participant into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
Wherein the confirm match response is sent for the second participant when the first participant confirms possession of the transaction rights in the update request.
The embodiment of the application only updates the mapping relation of the transaction authority, so that the setting of the transaction authority of each participant is quickly completed in the deployment process of the intelligent contract, the applicability of the intelligent contract is improved, and the safety of the intelligent contract is effectively improved.
In order to improve the security, the transaction permission change request may further include a signature of the first participant, where the signature of the first participant is generated by the first participant according to the transaction permission change request and a private key of the first participant; the second participant can verify the validity of the first participant according to the signature of the first participant; and if the verification is successful, confirming that the transaction permission change request is sent by the first participant, and then verifying the transaction permission change request by a consensus algorithm. The consensus algorithm may be pre-agreed by the platform, or jointly agreed by each participant, and is not limited herein.
In one particular embodiment, the first participant 1 of the intelligent contract is an outbound remittance and the second participant 2 is an inbound remittance and the second participant 3 remittance 3 participants of the inbound remittance. Taking the intelligent contract as the cross-border remittance inquiry service as an example, the establishment process of the intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a transaction authority mapping relation between each participant and a transaction to generate an intelligent contract.
The transactions to be invoked by each participant include 5, namely, submission of a money transfer, transfer, transfer posting, transfer clearing, transfer inquiry. The transaction authority mapping relationship is established for the participants of the 5 transactions, namely, the first participant 1 can only call two transactions of submitting remittance and remittance inquiry, the second participant 2 can only call three transactions of remittance transfer, remittance clearing and remittance inquiry, and the second participant 3 can only call two transactions of remittance entry and remittance inquiry.
In the specific implementation process, the transaction authority mapping relationship includes the binding of the 'remittance submission' transaction and the public key of the second participant 3; the "money transfer" transaction is bound to the public key of second participant 2; the "remittance posting" transaction is bound to the second participant 3 public key; the "remittance clearing" transaction is bound to the public key of second participant 2; the remittance enquiry transaction is open and can be invoked by any participant.
And step two, deploying the intelligent contracts to each node.
By the method, the participants with different functions can only call corresponding affairs, each participant is ensured to take his own role when calling the intelligent contract, and the safety and the adaptability of the intelligent contract are effectively improved.
The intelligent contract establishing process can also comprise a method for adding a new participant into a blockchain, and comprises the following steps:
step one, a first participant 2 sends an updating request based on a first intelligent contract to a second participant 1-3 and a first participant 1; the first participant 2 is a new participant, and the update request includes the public key of the first participant 2 and the second intelligent contract;
the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract obtained by updating the first intelligent contract by the first participant 2 based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relationship comprises a mapping relationship between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant 2 and the public key of the first participant 2;
step two, if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
And each participant realizes the change of the transaction authority of the first participant 2 according to the updated second intelligent contract, and the first participant 2 obtains the corresponding authority.
Taking the intelligent contract as a cross-border remittance inquiry service as an example, the execution process of the intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
step one, a first participant 1 initiates a call request of 'submitting remittance' transaction, wherein the call request comprises that the first participant 1 signs the 'submitting remittance' transaction according to a private key of the first participant 1, and the request is broadcasted to each node in a network;
and step two, the intelligent contract extracts a public key corresponding to the remittance transaction from the mapping relation to verify the signature in the calling request, and after the verification is passed, the data uploaded by the first participant 1 is stored in an account book.
Taking the intelligent contract as the cross-border remittance transfer service as an example, the execution process of the intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
step one, a first participant 1 initiates a call request of a remittance transfer transaction, wherein the call request comprises that the first participant 1 signs the remittance transfer transaction according to a private key of the first participant 1, and the request is broadcasted to each node in a network;
and step two, the node server extracts a public key corresponding to the remittance transfer transaction from the mapping relation to verify the signature in the calling request, and if the public key of the first participant 1 does not exist in the remittance transfer transaction authority mapping relation, the node server confirms the verification signature and returns an error.
As shown in fig. 7, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent contract establishing apparatus, which is suitable for a blockchain system of multiple participants deployed with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is applicable to a first participant, comprising:
a sending module 701, configured to send an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract;
a determining module 702, configured to update the second intelligent contract to the intelligent contract of the blockchain system if it is determined that the received confirmation matching response satisfies a consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
In one possible implementation, the first participant is a participant that newly joins the blockchain system; the device further comprises:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain, by the first participant, a key pair of the first participant, where the key pair includes a public key and a private key.
The determining module 701 is further configured to confirm the transaction right to be changed and generate the transaction right mapping relationship.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining module is further configured to receive an update request based on the second intelligent contract sent by the second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
a determining module 702, configured to update the third intelligent contract to the intelligent contract of the blockchain system if it is determined that the received confirmation matching response satisfies a consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
As shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent contract establishing apparatus, which is suitable for a blockchain system of multiple participants deployed with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is adapted for a second participant, comprising:
an obtaining module 801, configured to receive an update request sent by a first participant and based on the first intelligent contract; the first participant and the second participant are either participants of the first smart contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
a determining module 802, configured to generate a second intelligent contract based on the update request when it is determined that the transaction right mapping relationship satisfies the update rule; sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second intelligent contract generated based on the update request is confirmed to match the second intelligent contract in the update request; and if the received confirmation matching response is confirmed to meet the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
It should be noted that, the apparatus for establishing an intelligent contract according to the embodiment of the present invention may be an integrated apparatus integrated in a corresponding electronic device, such as a PC, a tablet computer, or a mobile phone, or may be an independent apparatus disposed outside the corresponding electronic device, which is not limited in this respect in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute any one of the methods described in the above embodiments.
The computer storage media may be any available media or data storage device that can be accessed by a computer, including, but not limited to, magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical memory (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), Solid State Disks (SSDs)), etc.
An embodiment of the present application provides a computing device for an intelligent contract, including:
a memory for storing program instructions;
and the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing any method in the embodiment according to the obtained program.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus (device), or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (devices) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (12)
1. The method for establishing the intelligent contract is characterized by being suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
a first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract;
if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
2. A method of establishing an intelligent contract according to claim 1, wherein the first participant is a participant newly joining the blockchain system;
before the first participant sends an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant, the method further comprises the following steps:
the first participant obtains a key pair of the first participant, the key pair comprising a public key and a private key.
3. A method of establishing an intelligent contract as defined in claim 1, wherein prior to the first participant sending an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant, further comprising:
and the first participant confirms the transaction authority to be changed and generates the transaction authority mapping relation.
4. A method of establishing intelligent contracts according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises:
the first participant receives an updating request which is sent by the second participant and is based on the second intelligent contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
if the first participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the third intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
5. The method for establishing the intelligent contract is characterized by being suitable for a block chain system of a multi-party participant with a first intelligent contract; the method comprises the following steps:
the second participant receives the update request sent by the first participant based on the first intelligent contract; the first participant and the second participant are either participants of the first smart contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
when the second participant confirms that the transaction authority mapping relation meets the updating rule, a second intelligent contract is generated based on the updating request;
sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second participant confirms that a second intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a second intelligent contract in the update request;
and if the second participant confirms that the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
6. An intelligent contract establishing device is characterized by being suitable for a block chain system of multi-party participants with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is applicable to a first participant, comprising:
a sending module, configured to send an update request based on the first intelligent contract to a second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant; the first participant and the second participant are any participants of the smart contract;
the determining module is used for updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system if the received confirmation matching response meets the consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the second participant confirms that the second smart contract generated based on the update request matches the second smart contract in the update request.
7. An apparatus for establishing an intelligent contract according to claim 6, wherein the first participant is a participant newly joining the blockchain system; the device further comprises:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain, by the first participant, a key pair of the first participant, where the key pair includes a public key and a private key.
8. The apparatus for establishing an intelligent contract according to claim 6, wherein the determining module is further configured to confirm the transaction right to be changed and generate the transaction right mapping relationship.
9. The intelligent contract establishing apparatus according to claim 7,
the obtaining module is further configured to receive an update request based on the second intelligent contract sent by the second participant; the updating request comprises a public key of the second participant and a third intelligent contract; the third intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the second participant updates the second intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the second participant and a public key of the second participant;
the determining module is further configured to update the third intelligent contract to the intelligent contract of the block chain system if it is determined that the received confirmation matching response satisfies a consensus condition; the confirm match response is sent when the first participant confirms that a third intelligent contract generated based on the update request matches a third intelligent contract in the update request.
10. An intelligent contract establishing device is characterized by being suitable for a block chain system of multi-party participants with a first intelligent contract; the apparatus is adapted for a second participant, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for receiving an update request sent by a first participant and based on the first intelligent contract; the first participant and the second participant are either participants of the first smart contract; the updating request comprises a public key of the first participant and a second intelligent contract; the second intelligent contract is an intelligent contract after the first participant updates the first intelligent contract based on the transaction authority mapping relation; the transaction authority mapping relation comprises a mapping relation between the transaction authority requested to be updated by the first participant and a public key of the first participant;
the determining module is used for generating a second intelligent contract based on the updating request when the transaction authority mapping relation is confirmed to meet the updating rule; sending a confirmation match response to the participant of the blockchain when the second intelligent contract generated based on the update request is confirmed to match the second intelligent contract in the update request; and if the received confirmation matching response is confirmed to meet the consensus condition, updating the second intelligent contract into the intelligent contract of the block chain system.
11. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or causing the computer to perform the method of claim 5.
12. A computing device for intelligent contracts, comprising:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling program instructions stored in said memory, for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 in accordance with the obtained program, or for performing the method of claim 5 in accordance with the obtained program.
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| CN111445234A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 延安医链区块链科技有限公司 | Intelligent contract program updating system and method based on medical block chain |
| CN111445235A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 延安医链区块链科技有限公司 | Key management method based on medical block chain |
| CN109934593B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2023-07-04 | 众安信息技术服务有限公司 | Design method and device for realizing block chain system supporting multiple signatures |
| CN110083604B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-10-08 | 上海脆皮网络科技有限公司 | Data right confirming method and device |
| US11694110B2 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2023-07-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Aggregated machine learning verification for database |
| CN111080292B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-09-10 | 支付宝(杭州)信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring block chain transaction signature data |
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