CN108965477B - Forestry Internet of things system - Google Patents

Forestry Internet of things system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108965477B
CN108965477B CN201810999426.0A CN201810999426A CN108965477B CN 108965477 B CN108965477 B CN 108965477B CN 201810999426 A CN201810999426 A CN 201810999426A CN 108965477 B CN108965477 B CN 108965477B
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internet
things
equipment
dimensional labels
things equipment
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CN108965477A (en
Inventor
罗孝琼
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Hebei first Forest Industry Development Co., Ltd
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Hebei Mori Landscaping Engineering Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0807Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using tickets, e.g. Kerberos
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0823Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0876Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities based on the identity of the terminal or configuration, e.g. MAC address, hardware or software configuration or device fingerprint

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of forestry Internet of things system comprising back-stage management client, back-stage management server, edge calculations equipment and multiple internet of things equipment.Edge calculations equipment includes communication module, authentication module, controller and strategy execution unit.Controller is for storing and distributing safety regulation, wherein each safety regulation corresponds to a kind of internet of things equipment;Dimensional labels are distributed to internet of things equipment according to mode associated with classification by its tag unit by authentication module, so that the corresponding a kind of internet of things equipment of each dimensional labels;Authentication module is also used to receive authentication key from the TLS endpoint of internet of things equipment and judges whether the internet of things equipment of the category is assigned dimensional labels;Strategy execution unit is used to manage the communication of internet of things equipment according to safety regulation.The present invention reduces bandwidth occupancy using edge calculations technology, additionally it is possible to telecommunication management is carried out to internet of things equipment based on safety regulation, to improve the safety of system.

Description

Forestry Internet of things system
Technical field
The present invention relates to internet of things field more particularly to a kind of forestry Internet of things system.
Background technique
Internet of Things be by information sensing devices such as radio frequency identification, infrared sensor, global positioning systems (GPS), according to The agreement of agreement swaps the information detected and communicate, to realize the function such as intelligentized identification, monitoring, positioning and management Energy.Application of the Internet of Things in forestry at present is still in the primary stage, and is mainly used for forest fire monitoring, forest disease and pest prison It surveys, timber remotely manages etc..
Existing technology of Internet of things scheme relevant to forestry are as follows: the data that the sensor being arranged in forest will test It is transmitted to the server of forest department in real time or regularly, monitoring personnel checks analysis dependency number by back-stage management client According to realize the functions such as forest pest and disease monitoring, forest fire monitoring.The forest department bigger for data volume uses Cloud computing center focuses on the mass data that sensor uploads.
However existing forestry technology of Internet of things scheme has the disadvantage that
1, since the area coverage of forest is wide, due to system for forestry for forest disease and pest protection, forest fire protection and Timber such as remotely manages at the regulatory requirement in fields, the quantity and data volume to be treated of internet of things equipment relevant to forestry All rapid growths, if these data are uploaded directly into the back-stage management server of cloud or forest department, this requires The case where cloud provides a large amount of memory space, and it is easy to appear network congestions.
2, different according to the type of forestry Internet of Things service, existing forestry internet of things equipment is more with quantity, type is more The characteristics of.However existing internet of things equipment has become entire woods there are many serious safety problems and technical problem The security risk of industry Internet of things system.For example, internet of things equipment is not deployed in the environment at forestry internet of things data center, therefore The conventional security service of protection data center can not protect internet of things equipment.In addition, most of in existing internet of things equipment Weak access mechanism is all used, therefore there are safety defects and loophole for these internet of things equipment.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of forestry Internet of things system comprising back-stage management client End, back-stage management server, edge calculations equipment and multiple internet of things equipment, edge calculations equipment are set to back-stage management service Between device and internet of things equipment, the edge calculations equipment is for managing each class associated with each forestry Internet of Things service The communication of other internet of things equipment and the data acquired to internet of things equipment are analyzed and processed, the forestry Internet of Things service Including forest disease and pest protection, forest fire protection and timber management;
The edge calculations equipment includes communication module, authentication module, controller and strategy execution unit, wherein described Controller is for storing and distributing safety regulation, wherein each safety regulation corresponds to a kind of internet of things equipment, the safety rule Then define the access rule of particular category internet of things equipment;
Dimensional labels are distributed to Internet of Things according to mode associated with classification by its tag unit by the authentication module Net equipment, so that the corresponding a kind of internet of things equipment of each dimensional labels;The dimensional labels have public key certificate, and dimension mark It signs associated with the classification of internet of things equipment and forestry Internet of Things service;
The authentication module is also used to receive authentication key from the TLS endpoint of internet of things equipment and judges the object of the category Whether networked devices are assigned dimensional labels;
The strategy execution unit be used for according to safety regulation manage internet of things equipment with it is other in forestry Internet of things system The communication of equipment.
According to a preferred embodiment, if the internet of things equipment being newly added belongs to and has distributed the Internet of Things of dimensional labels and set Existing dimensional labels are distributed to internet of things equipment by standby classification, the tag unit;
If the internet of things equipment being newly added is not belonging to distribute the internet of things equipment classification of dimensional labels, the tag unit Authentication key based on internet of things equipment generates new dimensional labels, and the authentication key includes MAC Address and general unique mark Know symbol.
According to a preferred embodiment, the tag unit is new dimensional labels generation public key certificate, and described Controller is that new dimensional labels distribute safety regulation.
According to a preferred embodiment, the strategy execution unit verifies the certificate of the first equipment, and from described first Identifier and dimensional labels are extracted in the certificate of equipment;The strategy execution unit retrieves the dimensional labels of second equipment, And the require parameter in the dimensional labels of second equipment is compared with the dimensional labels of first equipment;If Dimensional labels matching, then strategy execution unit allows the communication between the first equipment and the second equipment.Aforementioned first equipment and Two equipment include internet of things equipment, back-stage management client and back-stage management server.First equipment typically refers to initiation and object The equipment of the relevant communication of the Internet services, the second equipment typically refer to service relevant equipment in response to the Internet of Things of initiation.
According to a preferred embodiment, dimensional labels relevant to forest disease and pest protection include environmental sensor, disease The geographical location of insect pest district occurred frequently and the high-incidence temporal information of pest and disease damage;Dimensional labels relevant to forest fire protection include infrared Sensor, temperature sensor, smoke alarm etc.;Relevant dimensional labels are remotely managed to timber to include video monitoring, make a reservation for Fell geographical location, predetermined felling time and vehicle identification registration.
According to a preferred embodiment, each safety regulation is access rule, and aforementioned access rule includes white list.Recognize Demonstrate,proving module can also include safety regulation storage unit, be used to store safety regulation.
According to a preferred embodiment, Intelligent internet of things is additionally provided between internet of things equipment and edge calculations equipment Gateway, Intelligent internet of things gateway have computing unit and memory, and Intelligent internet of things gateway is using decision logic come according to data Type and data content flow into the sequence of row major grade to data, and the data that then will be above pre-set priority are transmitted to edge calculations Equipment.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, the forestry Internet of Things service range supported is wide, classification is more, can be according to the classification of each forestry Internet of Things service Different safety regulations is executed, the safety of forestry Internet of things system is significantly improved.
2, edge calculations technology is used, by edge calculations equipment to object at the network edge of forestry internet of things equipment The data of networked devices acquisition carry out preliminary treatment, and the data generated so as to avoid all internet of things equipment all intensively upload The waste of bandwidth resources caused by back-stage management server, reduces the occupancy of bandwidth, improves the effect of data classification transmission Rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the structural block diagram of forestry Internet of things system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair Bright range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured The concept of invention.
As shown in Figure 1, forestry Internet of things system of the invention includes back-stage management client, back-stage management server, side Edge calculates equipment and multiple internet of things equipment, edge calculations equipment are set between back-stage management server and internet of things equipment. Back-stage management client includes that smart phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop etc. have communication and computing function Equipment.
Edge calculations equipment is for managing the internet of things equipment for servicing associated each classification with each forestry Internet of Things Communication and to internet of things equipment acquisition data carry out preliminary treatment, edge calculations equipment support tls protocol.Edge calculations Equipment can be equipment, such as server, computer etc. with computing capability and communication function.Edge calculations equipment in the present invention " edge " concept refer to positioned at the network edge side of internet of things equipment, consequently facilitating carrying out classification communication tube to internet of things equipment Reason and the data acquired to internet of things equipment are handled.Edge calculations equipment carries out just the data that internet of things equipment acquires Step processing, which is specifically included, is analyzed and is screened according to the demand of forestry Internet of Things service to the data of internet of things equipment acquisition, from And reduce the burden of network bandwidth.
Forestry Internet of Things service includes that forest disease and pest protection, forest fire protection and timber remotely manage.Aforementioned Internet of Things Net equipment includes the picture pick-up device with communication function, enviromental monitoring equipment, temperature sensor, infrared sensor etc., Internet of Things The usual scattering device of equipment is in the wood land of management to be monitored.
Edge calculations equipment includes communication module, authentication module, controller and strategy execution unit.Wherein, controller is used In storing and distributing safety regulation, wherein each safety regulation corresponds to a kind of internet of things equipment, safety regulation defines each The access rule of classification internet of things equipment.
Dimensional labels are distributed to Internet of Things according to mode associated with classification by its tag unit and set by authentication module It is standby, so that the corresponding a kind of internet of things equipment of each dimensional labels;Dimensional labels have public key certificate, and dimensional labels and Internet of Things Net equipment and the classification of forestry Internet of Things service are associated.
Illustratively, it includes environmental sensor, pest and disease damage district occurred frequently that relevant dimensional labels are protected to forest disease and pest Geographical location and the high-incidence temporal information of pest and disease damage;Dimensional labels relevant to forest fire protection include infrared sensor, temperature Sensor, smoke alarm etc.;It includes video monitoring, the geographical position of predetermined felling that relevant dimensional labels are remotely managed to timber It sets, predetermined felling time and vehicle identification register.
Authentication module is also used to receive authentication key from the TLS endpoint of internet of things equipment and judges the Internet of Things of the category Whether equipment is assigned dimensional labels.Strategy execution unit is used to manage the safety regulation of internet of things equipment, and Internet of Things Equipment carries out TLS communication by strategy execution unit.
Preferably, if the internet of things equipment being newly added belongs to the internet of things equipment classification for having distributed dimensional labels, label list Existing dimensional labels are distributed to internet of things equipment by member.If the internet of things equipment being newly added is not belonging to distribute dimensional labels Internet of things equipment classification, tag unit generate new dimensional labels based on the authentication key of internet of things equipment, and authentication key includes MAC Address and universal unique identifier.Correspondingly, tag unit is that new dimensional labels generate public key certificate, and controller Safety regulation is distributed for new dimensional labels.
Preferably, strategy execution unit verifies the certificate of the first equipment, and extracts identifier from the certificate of the first equipment And dimensional labels;Strategy execution unit retrieves the dimensional labels of the second equipment, and will be in the dimensional labels of the second equipment Require parameter is compared with the dimensional labels of the first equipment;If dimensional labels match, strategy execution unit allows first Communication between equipment and the second equipment.
Since the area coverage of forest is wide, since system for forestry is for forest disease and pest protection, forest fire protection and wood Material such as remotely manages at the regulatory requirement in fields, and the quantity and data volume to be treated of internet of things equipment relevant to forestry are all Rapid growth, if these data are uploaded directly into the back-stage management server of cloud or forest department, this requires clouds The case where end provides a large amount of memory space, and it is easy to appear network congestions.The present invention uses edge calculations technology, in woods Edge calculations equipment is set at the network edge of industry internet of things equipment, the data that internet of things equipment acquires can not only be carried out just Step processing is to reduce bandwidth demand and cloud storage burden, additionally it is possible to pass through tls protocol and the tool of combination forestry Internet of Things service Body classification demand carries out classification telecommunication management to internet of things equipment to significantly improve the communication security of forestry Internet of things system.This Outside, the present invention can support to carry out telecommunication management to newly-increased forestry internet of things equipment, have good expansibility.
The working principle of the invention is described in detail below:
In edge calculations equipment, controller can store multiple safety regulations in its policy engine, and can give birth to At with distribution safety regulation.
Authentication module receives authentication key from the TLS endpoint in each internet of things equipment, and authentication module can determine Internet of Things Whether the classification of net equipment has been allocated that dimensional labels.If dimensional labels are associated with internet of things equipment, mould is authenticated Block will return to TLS endpoint associated with specific internet of things equipment with the certificate of ID and label.
Each strategy execution unit (PEP) is controlled by controller, to each internet of things equipment or service rule with high safety Then.Each strategy execution unit includes acting on behalf of for downloading/implementing the TLS of TLS strategy.Each internet of things equipment or Internet of Things clothes Business is configured as executing TLS communication by strategy execution unit.
In forestry Internet of things system, backstage manager can be first one as forestry Internet of Things architecture Point each of new internet of things equipment authentication registration key/voucher, to be detected based on authentication key/voucher after system Each equipment.Authentication module includes tag unit, which, which can according to need, generates new dimensional labels or will show Some dimensional labels distribute to internet of things equipment or service.
System is that the internet of things equipment of each classification distributes dimensional labels, and tag unit can also generate and issue public key card Book;Authentication module can also include safety regulation storage unit, manage the safety regulation implemented by strategy execution unit, and deposit Store up the system safety regulation sent by backstage manager.
When new internet of things equipment is added in forestry Internet of things system, administrator can be the Internet of Things being newly added Equipment is configured.The method of configuration is classified according to whether support tls protocol.
For supporting the internet of things equipment of TLS, authentication module that can receive authentication key from each internet of things equipment, this is recognized Card key can be used for identifying the ID and dimensional labels of internet of things equipment distribution.For example, in one embodiment, authentication key The MAC Address or universal unique identifier (UUID) of each internet of things equipment can be allocated to.If internet of things equipment is not A part of existing internet of things equipment classification in system, then the dimension mark with ID and internet of things equipment can be generated in authentication module The certificate of label.
Optionally, filtering and monitoring can also be performed in strategy execution unit, when identifying new internet of things equipment and be When the new internet of things equipment is assigned with a label that can not be protected, strategy execution unit is arranged for the Internet of Things and sets It is standby.Communication between internet of things equipment by TLS endpoint and strategy execution unit the safety regulation based on specific internet of things equipment come Control.
Equipment for not supporting TLS, can be connected to edge calculations equipment by things-internet gateway, in things-internet gateway With bridge, things-internet gateway can be used TLS endpoint and represent, and there is the equipment of non-TLS function to execute TLS communication.Internet of Things net It closes and bridge can be the software realization run on the Linux machine with communication connection function.
The register method of internet of things equipment is specific as follows: the authentication module of edge calculations equipment includes for storing Internet of Things The database of the authentication key of equipment, ID and dimensional labels.Backstage manager sends a request to authentication module to request equipment to be infused Volume list, after receiving enrollment form, backstage manager sends authentication key, ID and the dimensional labels of new internet of things equipment. Then, authentication module stores the data about new internet of things equipment, and confirms that new internet of things equipment can be certified in systems With use.If new internet of things equipment or the no valid certificate of service, new internet of things equipment can be by by authentication key and public affairs Encryption key is sent to authentication module to start the process of request certificate altogether.Then authentication module retrieval and received certification are close The associated ID of key and dimensional labels, and generate and return the certificate of new internet of things equipment or service.
Strategy execution unit has end port forwarding setting, and when carrying out telecommunication management, strategy execution unit is mentioned from certificate ID and dimensional labels are taken, and determines whether to communicate based on safety regulation.Strategy execution unit is obtained from strategy file Require parameter.If one of starter label is included in require parameter, allow to communicate, on the contrary then prevention is led to Letter.
One preferred embodiment is additionally provided with Intelligent internet of things gateway between internet of things equipment and edge calculations equipment, Intelligent internet of things gateway can find neighbouring internet of things equipment automatically, be connected to them by wired or wireless communication channel. The communication connection mode that Intelligent internet of things gateway is supported includes cellular network, Zigbee, bluetooth, WiFi and NFC.
Intelligent internet of things gateway has enough computing capabilitys, memory and memory capacity and artificial intelligence to analyze this Ground data are to realize the decision of local rank.Intelligent internet of things gateway has computing unit and memory, Intelligent internet of things gateway The decision logic of use includes artificial intelligence, video analysis, regulation engine and decision tree.
Intelligent internet of things gateway does not retain all data instead of and sends it to edge calculations unit, is patrolled using decision It collects to flow into the sequence of row major grade to data according to data type and data content, and creates reduced data flow, it is only selected Or the data of highest priority be used for transmission.
For example, Intelligent internet of things gateway can analyze the video data of the acquisition of the photographic device in internet of things equipment, To determine whether picture material has changed from time T1 to time T2.Intelligent internet of things gateway uses the rule comprising rule to draw It holds up, if " video camera 1 is equal to picture material of the video camera 1 at time T1 in the picture material of time T2 ", Then small significance is assigned to the video data at time T1.According to available bandwidth, can be omitted from transmission be identified as it is low It is transmitted again after the data or reduction resolution ratio of importance.Similarly, similar analysis can be carried out to sensing data.For example, Small significance data can be alternately stored in local.Therefore, from the number of the total data reduction of edge calculations equipment to be transferred to It may depend on the availability of the bandwidth to upload data according to amount.In this way, local intelligent things-internet gateway be used to select Property optimize data, thus in the case where not losing important information transmit data needed for bandwidth it is less.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of forestry Internet of things system, which is characterized in that it includes back-stage management client, back-stage management server, edge It calculates equipment and multiple internet of things equipment, edge calculations equipment is set between back-stage management server and internet of things equipment, institute Edge calculations equipment is stated for managing the communication for the internet of things equipment for servicing associated each classification with each forestry Internet of Things And to internet of things equipment acquisition data be analyzed and processed, the forestry Internet of Things service include forest disease and pest protection, Forest fire protection and timber management;
The edge calculations equipment includes communication module, authentication module, controller and strategy execution unit, wherein authentication module, Controller and strategy execution unit are connected to communication module, and controller is further connected to authentication module and strategy execution list Member;Strategy execution unit is controlled by controller, to internet of things equipment rule with high safety;
The controller is for storing and distributing safety regulation, wherein each safety regulation corresponds to a kind of internet of things equipment, institute State the access rule that safety regulation defines internet of things equipment;
Dimensional labels are distributed to Internet of Things according to mode associated with classification by its tag unit and set by the authentication module It is standby, so that the corresponding a kind of internet of things equipment of each dimensional labels;Dimensional labels have public key certificate, and dimensional labels and Internet of Things Net equipment and the classification of forestry Internet of Things service are associated;
The authentication module is also used to receive authentication key from the TLS endpoint of internet of things equipment and judges the Internet of Things of the category Whether equipment is assigned dimensional labels;The strategy execution unit is used to manage the logical of internet of things equipment according to safety regulation Letter, strategy execution unit have end port forwarding setting, when carrying out telecommunication management, strategy execution unit extracted from certificate ID with Dimensional labels, and determine whether to communicate based on safety regulation.
2. forestry Internet of things system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that if the internet of things equipment being newly added belongs to The internet of things equipment classification of dimensional labels is distributed, existing dimensional labels are distributed to internet of things equipment by the tag unit;
If the internet of things equipment being newly added is not belonging to distribute the internet of things equipment classification of dimensional labels, the tag unit is based on The authentication key of internet of things equipment generates new dimensional labels, and the authentication key includes MAC Address and universal unique identifier.
3. forestry Internet of things system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the tag unit is new dimensional labels Public key certificate is generated, and the controller is that new dimensional labels distribute safety regulation.
4. forestry Internet of things system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the strategy execution unit verifying first is set Standby certificate, and identifier and dimensional labels are extracted from the certificate of first equipment;Strategy execution unit retrieval the The dimensional labels of two equipment, and the dimensional labels of the second equipment are compared with the dimensional labels of the first equipment;If dimension mark Label matching, then strategy execution unit allows to be communicated between the first equipment and the second equipment;Aforementioned first equipment and second is set Standby includes internet of things equipment, back-stage management client and back-stage management server.
5. forestry Internet of things system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dimension relevant to forest disease and pest protection Label includes environmental sensor, the geographical location of pest and disease damage district occurred frequently and the high-incidence temporal information of pest and disease damage;It is protected with forest fire Relevant dimensional labels include infrared sensor, temperature sensor and smoke alarm;Dimensional labels relevant to timber management It is registered including video monitoring, predetermined geographical location, predetermined felling time and the vehicle identification of felling.
6. forestry Internet of things system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in internet of things equipment and edge calculations equipment Between be additionally provided with Intelligent internet of things gateway, Intelligent internet of things gateway has computing unit and memory, Intelligent internet of things gateway The sequence of row major grade is flowed into data according to data type and data content using decision logic, then will be above default preferential The data of grade are transmitted to edge calculations equipment.
CN201810999426.0A 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 Forestry Internet of things system Active CN108965477B (en)

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EP4145785A4 (en) * 2020-04-30 2023-04-05 New H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Device protection method, and devices
CN112118306A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-22 衢州学院 Grapefruit growth environment and pest and disease damage internet of things monitoring system based on edge calculation

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Address after: 051130 No. 180 Changshan Road, Yuanshi County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei

Patentee after: Hebei first Forest Industry Development Co., Ltd

Address before: 051130 No. 180 Changshan Road, Yuanshi County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei

Patentee before: HEBEI YISEN LANDSCAPING ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd.