CN108957524B - Device and method for mounting geophone for monitoring microseism - Google Patents
Device and method for mounting geophone for monitoring microseism Download PDFInfo
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- CN108957524B CN108957524B CN201811043987.XA CN201811043987A CN108957524B CN 108957524 B CN108957524 B CN 108957524B CN 201811043987 A CN201811043987 A CN 201811043987A CN 108957524 B CN108957524 B CN 108957524B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for mounting a geophone for monitoring microseism, belonging to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring and prevention, wherein the mounting device comprises a push disc, the middle part of the push disc is provided with a through hole, the top part of the push disc is connected with a connector, the inner wall of the connector is provided with an internal thread, and the connector is connected with an external thread at the lower end of a drill collar through the internal thread during mounting; the bottom of the pushing disc is connected with an ice block, the ice block is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the ice block is smaller than that of the pushing disc; a concrete disc is iced in the ice block, the bottom of the concrete disc is connected with a detector and supporting legs, and the length of the supporting legs is larger than that of the detector. The invention also comprises an installation method of the detector, the detector can be stably installed at the bottom of the drill hole in time before the hole collapses, the coupling of the bottom of the detector and the rock mass is ensured, the signal-to-noise ratio of the acquired data is improved, and the device has a simple structure and is convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring and prevention and control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for mounting a geophone for monitoring a microseism.
Background
The monitoring of the rocky slope is always a weak link in the landslide monitoring and early warning process, and the existing conventional monitoring means such as surface displacement, deep displacement, pore water pressure and rainfall monitoring means have defects in the process of responding to the deformation monitoring and early warning and forecasting of the rocky slope. Rock deformation, landslide, earthquake and other activities generate rock fracture caused by earth stress changes before occurrence, which is a condition for generating micro-seismic signals. Compared with conventional monitoring, the microseism monitoring directly monitors the damage of the rock mass and the essential damage of the rock mass, so that the capturing efficiency of the rock mass damage is higher. In addition, the space position, the strength and the fracture time of the rock fracture can be positioned through microseismic monitoring, and the geometric dimension of the rock fracture crack is calculated, so that monitoring and early warning of geological disasters in a certain area are realized.
In the micro-seismic detection, the detectors need to be vertically arranged at the bottoms of corresponding drill holes. In the prior art, a detector is generally hoisted to the bottom of a drill hole through a rope, but loose soil, gravel and the like can appear on the inner wall of the drill hole, and the detector can touch the soil or the gravel in the descending process of the detector, so that the position of the detector deviates, the installation position of the detector is inaccurate, and the error of a detection result is large. In addition, if more loose soil, gravels and the like appear on the inner wall of the drill hole, the detectors are possibly blocked by the soil, the gravels and the like, so that the detectors cannot be installed at the bottom of the drill hole, and the installation fails. In addition, after the geophone is installed at the bottom of a drill hole, the geophone is easy to float, incline or even topple over when concrete is quickly poured into the drill hole, and in order to avoid the situation, concrete is usually poured very slowly, so that the construction efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the device is simple in structure and convenient to use, and can be used for stably installing the detector at the bottom of a drill hole in time before a hole collapses, so that the construction efficiency is improved, the coupling of the bottom of the detector and a rock mass is guaranteed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of acquired data is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a mounting device for a geophone used for monitoring microseisms comprises a push disc, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the push disc, the top of the push disc is connected with a connector, internal threads are formed in the inner wall of the connector, and the connector is connected with external threads at the lower end of a drill collar through the internal threads during mounting; the bottom of the pushing disc is connected with an ice block, the ice block is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the ice block is smaller than that of the pushing disc; a concrete disc is iced in the ice block, the bottom of the concrete disc is connected with a detector and supporting legs, and the length of the supporting legs is larger than that of the detector.
Further, the ice blocks are filled with glass fibers or 100-mesh quartz sand. The filled glass fiber or quartz sand is interwoven with the ice, so that the ice blocks can become firmer and are not easy to break in the process of conveying the detector. After the ice melts, quartz sand settles at the bottom of the detector, so that on one hand, the uneven bedrock surface is more flat, and the inclination angle of the detector is reduced; on the other hand, the detector can be fully coupled with the bedrock, and the data acquisition quality is improved.
Further inject, the bottom of pushing away the driving disk still is connected with two first montants, all be connected with first horizontal pole on two first montants. Make the driving disk and ice-cube be connected more firmly like this, prevent that the ice-cube from coming off.
Further inject, the concrete disc top is connected with two second montants, all be connected with the second horizontal pole on two second montants. Therefore, the concrete disc is more stably connected with the ice blocks, and the concrete disc is prevented from falling off.
Further defined, the second vertical rod and the second horizontal rod are both made of concrete. After concrete is poured into the drilled hole, the second vertical rod, the second transverse rod and the concrete are combined into a whole, the combination is good, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Further limiting, three elastic sheets are uniformly connected to the outer wall of the concrete disc along the circumferential direction. When pouring concrete into the drilling more fast, three shell fragment supports on the inner wall of drilling, can prevent that the wave detector from toppling over or overturning in the drilling.
Further limit, the quantity of supporting legs is three, the supporting legs is the cylinder structure and is made by the concrete. Can improve the stability of support like this, after pouring the concrete in to drilling, the supporting legs closes as an organic whole with the concrete, and the associativity is good, improves the accuracy that detects.
Further inject, evenly seted up water drainage tank along the circumferencial direction on the outer wall of propelling movement dish. When using the rig to promote the ice-cube along drilling downwards through pushing away the driving disk, if there is ponding in the drilling, ponding can be along the water drainage tank upwards discharge, conveniently pushes away the driving disk decline.
The invention also provides a method for installing the geophone for monitoring the microseism, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating a concrete structure.
The method comprises the steps of prefabricating a concrete disc, manufacturing a second vertical rod and a second cross rod from concrete at the top of the concrete disc, manufacturing three supporting legs from concrete at the bottom of the concrete disc, embedding a detector into the bottom of the concrete disc during prefabrication, enabling a signal wire of the detector to penetrate through the middle of the concrete disc and then penetrate out of the top of the concrete disc, and embedding three elastic sheets into the outer wall of the concrete disc in the circumferential direction.
And step two, ice sealing.
Bend three shell fragment to the middle part, then form the ice-cube with the water cooling, after the ice-cube formed, three shell fragment ice-cube was sealed in the ice-cube, and the ice-cube is connected in the bottom of pushing away the driving disk, and concrete disc and three supporting legs all seal in the ice-cube.
And step three, mounting.
1) After a drill is used for drilling a drill hole, the drill bit at the lower end of the drill collar is taken down, the connector is connected with the lower end of the drill collar, the signal line of the detector sequentially penetrates through the drill collar, the drill rod and the kelly bar and finally penetrates out of the upper end of the kelly bar.
2) Using the drill, the ice cubes are pushed down the bore hole by pushing the disc until they are pushed to the bottom of the bore hole.
And step four, melting.
After the installation is accomplished, the ice-cube melts gradually into water, and three shell fragment resumes under the spring action and opens, supports on the inner wall of drilling, and concrete disc and detector support in the drilling bottom through the supporting legs, will promote the dish through the rig and upwards promote, will push away the dish and take out from drilling.
And step five, filling.
The detector is poured by cement paste on the upper portion of the drill hole, when the pouring speed is high, the three elastic pieces are supported on the inner wall of the drill hole, the detector can be prevented from falling or overturning in the drill hole as far as possible, the concrete disc and the supporting legs can prevent the detector from floating upwards, so that the detector and bedrock are completely coupled, the cement paste is poured until the position 1 meter away from the well mouth is backfilled by the soil, and the installation is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages:
1. the existing drilling machine is used as a power structure for conveying the detector, so that the detector can be conveyed to the bottom of a drill hole under the condition of unsmooth hole wall.
2. The detector is stored in the ice block filled with glass fiber or quartz sand, the strength of the ice block is increased, and the mechanical structure and high-sensitivity components of the detector can be effectively protected from being damaged in the conveying process.
3. The ice cubes are filled with quartz sand, and after the ice cubes are melted, the settled quartz sand is beneficial to smooth and stable full coupling of the bottom of the detector and the bedrock, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected data is effectively improved.
4. The arrangement of the elastic sheet and the supporting legs can prevent the detector from floating up and inclining in the drilled hole and the like when concrete is poured fast as far as possible, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
the main element symbols are as follows:
the device comprises a pushing disc 1, a connector 2, internal threads 3, an ice block 4, a concrete disc 5, a detector 6, supporting legs 7, a first vertical rod 8, a first cross rod 9, a second vertical rod 10, a second cross rod 11, an elastic sheet 12, a water drainage groove 13, a drill collar 14 and a kelly 15.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following technical solutions are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1 to 3, the device for mounting the geophone used for monitoring the microseism comprises a pushing disc 1, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the pushing disc 1 and is used for penetrating a signal line of the geophone 6, a connector 2 is connected to the top of the pushing disc 1, internal threads 3 are formed in the inner wall of the connector 2, the connector 2 serves as a female head and the lower end of a drill collar 14 serves as a male head during mounting, and the connector 2 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the drill collar 14 through the internal threads 3.
During installation, after a drill is used for drilling a drill hole, a drill bit at the lower end of the drill collar 14 is taken down, the connector 2 is connected with the lower end of the drill collar 14, and in order to prevent a signal wire of the detector 6 from being abraded by the inner wall of the drill hole, the signal wire (not shown in the figure) of the detector 6 sequentially penetrates through the drill collar 14, the drill rod and the kelly 15 and finally penetrates out of the upper end of the kelly 15.
The bottom of the pushing disc 1 is connected with an ice block 4, the ice block 4 is of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the ice block 4 is smaller than that of the pushing disc 1, and therefore friction between the ice block 4 and the inner wall of a drill hole can be reduced in the process that the pushing disc 1 and the ice block 4 descend. In order to connect the ice block 4 and the push disk 1 more firmly, in this embodiment, preferably, the bottom of the push disk 1 is further connected with two first vertical rods 8, and the two first vertical rods 8 are connected with the first cross rod 9, so that the push disk 1 and the ice block 4 are connected more stably, and the ice block 4 is prevented from falling off. In fact, there are various ways to make the connection of the ice cubes 4 to the push tray 1 more secure, such as connecting the bottom of the push tray 1 with a U-shaped structure, and when the ice cubes 4 have solidified, a portion of the ice passes through the holes of the U-shaped structure, making the connection of the push tray 1 to the ice cubes 4 more secure.
A concrete disc 5 is iced in the ice block 4, the bottom of the concrete disc 5 is connected with a detector 6 and three supporting legs 7 with cylindrical structures, and the length of each supporting leg 7 is greater than that of the detector 6. After the ice blocks 4 are melted, the three supporting feet 7 can support the concrete disc 5 and the detector 6 at the bottom of the drill hole, so that the detector 6 is prevented from being inclined due to the fact that the detector 6 directly falls at the bottom of the drill hole. The top of the concrete disc 5 is connected with two second vertical rods 10, and the two second vertical rods 10 are connected with second cross rods 11. Therefore, the concrete disc 5 is more stably connected with the ice blocks 4, and the concrete disc 5 is prevented from falling off.
When the device is used, firstly, the concrete disc 5 needs to be prefabricated, the second vertical rod 10 and the second cross rod 11 are manufactured at the top of the concrete disc 5, and the three supporting legs 7 are manufactured at the bottom of the concrete disc 5 at the same time, in the embodiment, in order to improve the binding property between the concrete structure and poured concrete and improve the detection accuracy, the supporting legs 7, the second vertical rod 10 and the second cross rod 11 are preferably made of concrete, after the concrete is poured into a drill hole, the supporting legs 7, the second vertical rod 10 and the second cross rod 11 are integrated with the concrete, the binding property is good, and the detection accuracy is improved; in addition, when the detector is filled, the concrete disc 5, the supporting feet 7 and the like are made of concrete, so that the gravity is high, the detector 6 can be prevented from floating upwards, and the detector 6 is completely coupled with bedrock.
When the concrete structure is prefabricated, the detector 6 is embedded into the bottom of the concrete disc 5, and a signal wire of the detector 6 penetrates through the middle of the concrete disc 5 and then penetrates out of the top of the concrete disc 5.
In order to prevent the detector 6 from falling or turning in a drill hole as much as possible, when a concrete structure is prefabricated, three elastic sheets 12 are embedded into the outer wall of the concrete disc 5 along the circumferential direction, when ice is sealed, the three elastic sheets 12 are bent towards the middle part, then water is cooled to form an ice block 4, and after the ice is sealed, the three elastic sheets 12 are ice sealed in the ice block 4; after the ice block 4 melts, the three elastic sheets 12 are restored to be opened under the action of the elastic force and supported on the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the wave detector 6 can be prevented from falling or turning in the drill hole as much as possible.
When installed, the drill is used to push the ice cubes 4 down the borehole by pushing the disc 1 until it reaches the bottom of the borehole. In this process, if have the earth that drops etc. to pile up in the drilling bottom in the drilling, when pushing away driving disk 1 and promoting ice-cube 4 to the drilling bottom, ice-cube 4 can be crowded leaving all around piled up earth etc. to make ice-cube 4 comparatively land on the drilling bottom smoothly.
In order to make the ice block 4 stronger and reduce wear when lowered in the drill hole, it is preferable that the ice block 4 is filled with glass fiber or 100 mesh quartz sand. The filled glass fiber or quartz sand is interwoven with the ice, so that the ice blocks can become firmer and are not easy to break in the process of conveying the detector. After the ice melts, the quartz sand settles at the bottom of the detector 6, so that on one hand, the uneven bedrock surface is more flat, and the inclination angle of the detector 6 is reduced; on the other hand, the detector 6 can be fully coupled with the bedrock, and the data acquisition quality is improved.
There may be ponding in drilling, so in this embodiment, evenly seted up water drainage tank 13 along the circumferencial direction on the outer wall of promotion dish 1, ponding can be along water drainage tank 13 upwards discharge, conveniently pushes away the decline of dish 1.
The invention also provides a method for installing the geophone for monitoring the microseism, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating a concrete structure.
Firstly, prefabricating a concrete disc 5, manufacturing a second vertical rod 10 and a second cross rod 11 on the top of the concrete disc 5 by using concrete, manufacturing three supporting legs 7 on the bottom of the concrete disc 5 by using concrete, embedding a detector 6 into the bottom of the concrete disc 5 during prefabrication, enabling a signal wire of the detector 6 to penetrate through the middle of the concrete disc 5 and then penetrate out of the top of the concrete disc 5, and embedding three elastic sheets 12 on the outer wall of the concrete disc 5 along the circumferential direction.
And step two, ice sealing.
The three elastic sheets 12 are bent towards the middle, then the water is cooled to form the ice blocks 4, after the ice blocks are formed, the three elastic sheets 12 are iced in the ice blocks 4, the ice blocks 4 are connected to the bottom of the pushing disc 1, and the concrete disc 5 and the three supporting legs 7 are sealed in the ice blocks 4.
And step three, mounting.
1) After a drill is used for drilling a drill hole, a drill bit at the lower end of the drill collar 14 is taken down, the connector 2 is connected with the lower end of the drill collar 14, a signal wire of the detector 6 sequentially penetrates through the drill collar 14, the drill rod and the kelly 15, and finally penetrates out of the upper end of the kelly 15.
2) Using the drilling machine, the ice cubes 4 are pushed down the drill hole by pushing the disc 1 until they reach the bottom of the drill hole.
And step four, melting.
After the installation is accomplished, ice-cube 4 melts gradually into water, and three shell fragment 12 resumes under the spring action and opens, supports on the inner wall of drilling, and concrete disc 5 and detector 6 support in the drilling bottom through supporting legs 7, will push away driving disk 1 and upwards promote through the rig, will push away driving disk 1 and take out from drilling.
And step five, filling.
The upper portion of the drill hole is filled with cement slurry, when the filling speed is high, the three elastic pieces 12 are supported on the inner wall of the drill hole, the detector 6 can be prevented from being inclined or turned in the drill hole, the concrete disc 5 and the supporting legs 7 can prevent the detector 6 from floating upwards, the detector 6 and bedrock are completely coupled, the cement slurry is filled with soil until the position 1 meter away from the well mouth, and the installation is completed.
The present invention provides a device and method for installing a geophone for monitoring microseisms. The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to facilitate an understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A mounting device for a geophone used in monitoring microseisms, comprising: the drill collar is characterized by comprising a pushing disc (1), wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the pushing disc (1), the top of the pushing disc (1) is connected with a connector (2), internal threads (3) are formed in the inner wall of the connector (2), and the connector (2) is connected with external threads at the lower end of a drill collar (14) through the internal threads (3) during installation;
the bottom of the pushing disc (1) is connected with an ice block (4), the ice block (4) is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the ice block (4) is smaller than that of the pushing disc (1);
the ice-blocking type ice-making machine is characterized in that a concrete disc (5) is arranged in the ice block (4) in an ice-sealing mode, the bottom of the concrete disc (5) is connected with a detector (6) and supporting legs (7), the length of the supporting legs (7) is larger than that of the detector (6), three elastic pieces (12) are evenly connected to the outer wall of the concrete disc (5) in the circumferential direction, and glass fibers are filled in the ice block (4).
2. A mounting apparatus for a geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the bottom of push disc (1) still is connected with two first montants (8), all be connected with first horizontal pole (9) on two first montants (8).
3. A mounting apparatus for a geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the top of the concrete disc (5) is connected with two second vertical rods (10), and the two second vertical rods (10) are connected with second cross rods (11).
4. A mounting apparatus for a geophone in accordance with claim 3, wherein: the second vertical rods (10) and the second cross rods (11) are made of concrete.
5. A mounting apparatus for a geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the number of the supporting feet (7) is three.
6. A mounting apparatus for a geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the supporting legs (7) are of a cylindrical structure and are made of concrete.
7. A geophone mounting apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and the outer wall of the pushing disc (1) is uniformly provided with drainage grooves (13) along the circumferential direction.
8. A method of installing a geophone mounting apparatus in accordance with claim 7, wherein: mainly comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out,
firstly, prefabricating a concrete structure;
firstly, prefabricating a concrete disc (5), prefabricating a second vertical rod (10) and a second cross rod (11) on the top of the concrete disc (5), prefabricating three supporting feet (7) on the bottom of the concrete disc (5), embedding a detector (6) into the bottom of the concrete disc (5), and embedding three elastic sheets (12) on the outer wall of the concrete disc (5);
step two, ice sealing;
the three elastic sheets (12) are bent towards the middle and are iced and sealed in the ice blocks (4), the ice blocks (4) are connected to the bottom of the pushing disc (1), and the concrete disc (5) and the three supporting legs (7) are sealed in the ice blocks (4);
step three, mounting;
1) after a drill is used for drilling a drill hole, a drill bit at the lower end of the drill collar (14) is taken down, the connector (2) is connected with the lower end of the drill collar (14), a signal line of the detector (6) sequentially penetrates through the drill collar (14), the drill rod and the kelly (15), and finally penetrates out of the upper end of the kelly (15);
2) using the drilling machine, pushing the ice blocks (4) downwards along the drill hole by pushing the disc (1) until the ice blocks are pushed to the bottom of the drill hole;
step four, melting;
after the installation is finished, the ice blocks (4) are gradually melted into water, the three elastic sheets (12) are restored to be opened under the action of elasticity and supported on the inner wall of the drilled hole, the concrete disc (5) and the detector (6) are supported at the bottom of the drilled hole through supporting feet (7), the pushing disc (1) is lifted upwards through the drilling machine, and the pushing disc (1) is taken out of the drilled hole;
step five, filling;
and (5) grouting the upper part of the drilled hole with cement slurry until the position 1 m away from the well mouth is backfilled with soil, and finishing installation.
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| CN201811043987.XA CN108957524B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Device and method for mounting geophone for monitoring microseism |
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| CN201811043987.XA CN108957524B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Device and method for mounting geophone for monitoring microseism |
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| CN114236605B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-08-19 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Earthquake monitoring device in mine area and using method thereof |
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| US5080190A (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-01-14 | Southwest Research Institute | Reversible rigid coupling apparatus and method for borehole seismic transducers |
| EP2008121A4 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2014-12-03 | Soundblast Technologies Llc | System and method for generating and controlling conducted acoustic waves for geophysical exploration |
| CN201527480U (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-07-14 | 煤矿瓦斯治理国家工程研究中心 | Fixing device and mounting device for sensor |
| CN102155263B (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2013-01-09 | 北京科技大学 | Under-mine deep hole microseism monitoring sensor mounting device |
| CN104330819B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of microseismic sensors recoverable erecting device and installation method |
| EP3080642B1 (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2021-06-16 | Total Se | System and method for coupling a seismic sensor to the ground |
| CN105837863A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 四川电力设计咨询有限责任公司 | Coupling agent for multichannel transient surface wave reconnaissance and detection detector and preparation method thereof |
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