CN108952639B - Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and vibration field - Google Patents
Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and vibration field Download PDFInfo
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- CN108952639B CN108952639B CN201811052271.6A CN201811052271A CN108952639B CN 108952639 B CN108952639 B CN 108952639B CN 201811052271 A CN201811052271 A CN 201811052271A CN 108952639 B CN108952639 B CN 108952639B
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/003—Vibrating earth formations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas displacement and a vibration field, which comprises the following steps: (1) deploying CO in natural gas hydrate reservoirs2Medium injection wells, natural gas production wells; (2) part of free gas is exploited, and the pressure of a hydrate reservoir is reduced to 3-5 MPa; (3) placing the vibration generator into the hydrate reservoir, injecting CO into the reservoir2Media to CO2Displacement of natural gas in the hydrate; (4) continuously or intermittently starting vibration generator to promote CO by using vibration wave2Diffusion in the deposited layer; (5) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2When the concentration is unchanged or slowly changed, the working load of the vibration generator is increased, and the energy of the vibration wave is utilized to lead CO2-fracturing of gas hydrate commingled and hydrate reservoirs; (6) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2And when the concentration is lower than 30 mol%, the natural gas production is carried out. The invention can improve CO2The efficiency and the speed of exploiting the natural gas hydrate by medium replacement are realized, the stability of a reservoir is kept, and the method has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir in the field of marine natural gas hydrate development, in particular to a method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and a vibration field.
Background
Natural gas hydrate is considered one of the important alternative energy sources in this century because of its huge reserves. According to statistics, land areas which are beneficial to generation and distribution of natural gas hydrate globally account for 27% of the total land area globally, and marine areas account for 90% of the total marine area globally. Has been proved at presentThe natural gas reserve in the hydrate reservoir reaches 2 x 1016 m3The organic carbon content is 2 times of the sum of the traditional conventional fossil energy sources (coal, petroleum and natural gas). How to realize effective exploitation of the natural gas hydrate reservoir is a current research hotspot.
The existing reported natural gas hydrate reservoir exploitation methods mainly comprise a depressurization method, a heat injection method, an inhibitor injection method, a gas replacement method, a solid fluidization development method and the like. Due to the particularity of the natural gas hydrate reservoir storage environment (shallow burial, infirm reservoir cementation, low permeability and the like), no technology realizes large-scale industrial application at present. CO 22The replacement method can simultaneously extract natural gas and bury CO2And the stability of the hydrate reservoir is kept, so that the method is considered to be safest and environment-friendly and has good practical application prospect. CO 22The principle of exploiting natural gas hydrate by the displacement method is to utilize CO2Hydrate stability conditions are superior to natural gas hydrate stability conditions by controlling temperature and pressure at CO2Injecting CO into stratum in the range of hydrate stable region and natural gas hydrate unstable region2，CO2Can replace CH in the hydrate cage4. There is a large amount of CO2Indoor studies of displacement mining of natural gas hydrates are reported. The investigators further found that when liquid CO was used2And CO2When the emulsion is used as an injection medium, the mining efficiency can be improved to a certain extent. However, overall, the results of the studies reported so far indicate that CO is present2The efficiency and rate of medium displacement natural gas hydrate production are far from the actual industrial application requirements. The main reason is that the natural gas hydrate reservoir has very poor permeability, and CO generated at periphery in the early stage of exploitation2Natural gas mixed hydrates further hinder CO2The ability to seep in the reservoir, resulting in low gas displacement production rates and efficiencies.
Improving the reservoir permeability is very common in traditional reservoir development, of which vibratory oil recovery is one. One of the main mechanisms of vibratory oil recovery is to increase the permeability of the reservoir by creating new fractures in the reservoir by the action of the vibratory waves to increase the fluid permeability and recovery.
It can be seen that the CO is effectively increased2The efficiency and the speed of the medium replacement exploitation of the natural gas hydrate have very important significance for promoting the practical application of the technology and realizing the safe and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate reservoir, and CO is used for replacing the natural gas hydrate reservoir with the medium2The combination of displacement and vibration field techniques can achieve this goal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and a vibration field2Medium and vibration generator for promoting CO by using vibration wave2And the seepage capability of the produced natural gas in the hydrate reservoir, and the displacement exploitation efficiency, speed and distance are improved. The invention has the characteristics of economy, environmental protection and safety, and CO is buried while natural gas is exploited2Solves the conventional CO2The problem of low replacement exploitation rate and efficiency is solved, the reservoir stratum is kept at high pressure in the exploitation process, the cementation state between hydrate and rock particles is not completely damaged, and the stability of the reservoir stratum is effectively protected.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas displacement and a vibration field sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) deploying CO in natural gas hydrate reservoirs2Medium injection wells, natural gas production wells;
(2) extracting partial free gas from a natural gas production well, and reducing the pressure of a hydrate reservoir to 3-5 MPa;
(3) from CO2The medium injection well puts the vibration generator into the hydrate reservoir and then injects CO into the reservoir2Media to CO2Replacement of natural gas in hydrates, CO2The injection pressure of the medium is 4-8 MPa;
(4) during displacement mining, the vibration generator is continuously or intermittently activated, using vibration wavesWeakening the cementing action among hydrate crystals and between the crystals and solid sediments and promoting CO2Diffusion in the deposit, increasing CO2The efficiency and rate of displacement mining of hydrates;
(5) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2When the concentration is unchanged or slowly changed, the working load of the vibration generator is further increased, and the generated CO is led to be utilized by utilizing the energy of the vibration wave2Fracturing of gas hydrate mixed reservoirs and non-displaced hydrate reservoirs to CO2Further displacing and exploiting natural gas hydrate to provide a seepage channel;
(6) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2When the concentration is lower than 30 mol%, the production of natural gas is carried out, and the production pressure of the natural gas is higher than the CO at the temperature of the hydrate reservoir2The phase equilibrium pressure of the hydrate is less than the phase equilibrium pressure of the methane hydrate at the hydrate reservoir temperature.
The CO is2The medium is pure CO2Gas, containing CO2Mixed gas, liquid CO2、CO2One or a mixture of several kinds of emulsion; wherein it contains CO2The mixed gas comprises flue gas, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) mixed gas and the like.
The vibration generator is placed in a sealed high-pressure steel kettle to avoid direct contact with seawater.
The vibration generator is a variable frequency vibrator, the vibration frequency can be adjusted according to needs, the vibration frequency range is 5-100 Hz, and the preferred frequency range is 20-40 Hz.
The vibration generator placing well and CO2The medium injection well can be shared or can be separately drilled. Preferably, one well is shared.
The CO is2The medium injection well and the natural gas production well can be separately drilled to realize continuous natural gas exploitation, and can also be used for realizing intermittent natural gas exploitation. Preferably, the wells are drilled separately, with the injection and production wells spaced apart.
The CO is2The medium injection well and the natural gas production well can be vertical wells or horizontal wells.
The invention converts CO into2The displacement natural gas production and the vibration technology are effectively combined, and the seepage capability of fluid in a natural gas hydrate reservoir is effectively improved by utilizing the vibration wave effect, so that CO is improved2The rate and efficiency of displacement production of natural gas hydrates. The method is suitable for exploitation and application of frozen soil zones and marine natural gas hydrate reservoirs in different reservoir environments, has important significance for promoting the gas replacement method to exploit the natural gas hydrate technology and realizing safe and effective exploitation of the natural gas hydrate reservoir, and simultaneously achieves the purpose of sealing and storing CO2And the purpose of protecting the environment is achieved.
The invention can obviously improve CO2Efficiency and rate of medium displacement natural gas hydrate production while maintaining conventional CO2All other advantages of displacement mining (maintenance of reservoir stability, CO)2Landfill, etc.), has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas displacement and a vibratory field.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the vibration generator.
FIG. 3 is a graph of changes in hydrate reservoir permeability before and after vibration at a frequency of 40 Hz.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
a method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and a vibration field specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in FIG. 1, CO is arranged in a natural gas hydrate reservoir2Medium injection wells and natural gas production wells. If free gas exists in the reservoir, part of the free gas is firstly produced through a production well to reduce the pressure of the hydrate reservoir to 3-5 MPa. Then from CO2The medium is injected into the well and a vibration generator is placed into the reservoir.
As shown in figure 2, the vibration generator is positioned in a high-pressure sealed steel kettle, the vibration generator is connected with an external variable frequency control box through a lead, and a high-pressure shell of the high-pressure steel kettle is used for preventing the vibration generator from being damaged due to direct contact with seawater.
Then injecting CO at an injection pressure of 4-8MPa2A medium. When CO is present2CO when the medium injection well and the natural gas production well are different wells2The injection process can simultaneously produce natural gas from the production well as CO in the produced natural gas2And closing the natural gas production well when the concentration reaches 30 percent or higher for carrying out the well closing operation. Continuously or intermittently starting the vibration generator in the well closing process, and periodically analyzing CO in free gas in the reservoir2Concentration: when CO is present2At concentrations below 30% and with little change over time, the free gas can be exploited and fresh CO reinjected2A medium; when CO is present2The concentration is higher than 30% and the change is small with time, the working frequency of the vibration generator is increased, and the newly generated CO is enabled2Fracturing of gas hydrate mixed and gas hydrate reservoirs (see fig. 1), enlarging CO2The sweep range of the medium in the hydrate is increased, and CO is increased2Efficiency and rate of displacement.
The production pressure of the natural gas is higher than the CO at the temperature of the hydrate reservoir2The phase equilibrium pressure of the hydrate is less than the phase equilibrium pressure of the methane hydrate at the hydrate reservoir temperature.
One outstanding point of the invention is to improve the permeability of the hydrate reservoir and increase CO2Sweep range and displacement efficiency and rate. As shown in figure 3, under the action of the vibration generator, when the vibration frequency is 40Hz, the permeability of the reservoir is remarkably improved from 0.0065mD to 5.821mD, CO2The diffusion capacity and diffusion distance of the medium in the reservoir can be obviously enhanced, and the production capacity of natural gas can be effectively improved.
The above examples illustrate that the present invention can significantly enhance CO2The speed and the efficiency of the process of replacing and exploiting the natural gas hydrate meet the long-term targets of carbon emission reduction and sealing up in China and large-scale exploitation of natural gas hydrate resources in the future.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for exploiting a natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas displacement and a vibration field sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) deploying CO in natural gas hydrate reservoirs2Medium injection wells, natural gas production wells;
(2) extracting partial free gas from a natural gas production well, and reducing the pressure of a hydrate reservoir to 3-5 MPa;
(3) from CO2The medium injection well puts a vibration generator into a hydrate reservoir, the vibration generator is placed in a sealed high-pressure steel kettle to avoid direct contact with seawater, the vibration generator is a variable frequency vibrator, and the vibration frequency range of the vibration generator is 20-40 HZ; then injecting CO into the reservoir2Media to CO2Replacement of natural gas in hydrates, CO2The injection pressure of the medium is 4-8 MPa;
(4) during replacement mining, the vibration generator is continuously or intermittently started, and the cementing action among hydrate crystals and between the crystals and solid sediments is weakened by using vibration waves to promote CO2Diffusion in the deposit, increasing CO2The efficiency and rate of displacement mining of hydrates;
(5) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2When the concentration is unchanged or slowly changed, the working load of the vibration generator is further increased, and the generated CO is led to be utilized by utilizing the energy of the vibration wave2Fracturing of gas hydrate mixed reservoirs and non-displaced hydrate reservoirs to CO2Further displacing and exploiting natural gas hydrate to provide a seepage channel;
(6) when free gas in reservoir contains CO2When the concentration is lower than 30 mol%, the production of natural gas is carried out, and the production pressure of the natural gas is higher than the CO at the temperature of the hydrate reservoir2Phase of hydrateThe equilibrium pressure is less than the phase equilibrium pressure of the methane hydrate at the hydrate reservoir temperature.
2. The method for combined gas displacement and vibratory field natural gas hydrate formation recovery of claim 1, wherein the CO is present in the reservoir2The medium is pure CO2Gas, containing CO2Mixed gas, liquid CO2、CO2One or a mixture of several kinds of emulsion; wherein it contains CO2The mixed gas is flue gas or IGCC mixed gas.
3. The method for combined gas displacement and vibratory field natural gas hydrate formation recovery of claim 1, wherein the CO is present in the reservoir2The medium injection well and the natural gas production well can be separately drilled to realize continuous natural gas exploitation, and can also be used for realizing intermittent natural gas exploitation.
4. The method for combined gas displacement and vibratory field natural gas hydrate formation recovery of claim 3, wherein the CO is2The medium injection well is drilled separately from the natural gas production well, and the injection well and the production well are distributed at intervals.
5. The method for combined gas displacement and vibratory field natural gas hydrate formation recovery of claim 3 or 4, wherein the CO is present in the reservoir2The medium injection well and the natural gas production well are vertical wells or horizontal wells.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811052271.6A CN108952639B (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and vibration field |
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| CN201811052271.6A CN108952639B (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate reservoir by combining gas replacement and vibration field |
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| CN108952639B true CN108952639B (en) | 2020-11-17 |
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| CN109488269B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-11-17 | 吕梁学院 | Carbon dioxide coal bed gas vibration anti-reflection device |
| CN112499586B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-11-23 | 西南石油大学 | Method for realizing steam reforming hydrogen production by heating water-invaded gas reservoir stratum |
| CN114293963B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-04-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Closed loop system for underground gas extraction and reinjection of coal seam anti-reflection and working method |
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| CN101666286A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | System for integrally exploiting marine energy resource |
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Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009123071A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-08 | 三井造船株式会社 | Process and apparatus for producing gas hydrate |
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