CN108920857B - Simulation method for sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence - Google Patents

Simulation method for sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence Download PDF

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CN108920857B
CN108920857B CN201810766765.4A CN201810766765A CN108920857B CN 108920857 B CN108920857 B CN 108920857B CN 201810766765 A CN201810766765 A CN 201810766765A CN 108920857 B CN108920857 B CN 108920857B
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chlorophyll fluorescence
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邱博
张永光
张乾
李季
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

The invention provides a sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method, which is a canopy chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method considering chlorophyll fluorescence emission, absorption and multiple scattering processes and is suitable for different ecological systems, and belongs to the research field of vegetation parameter simulation methods. The method comprises the following steps: calculating chlorophyll fluorescence of the male and female leaves on the leaf scale; and calculating the chlorophyll fluorescence on the scale of the canopy by utilizing the attenuation and multiple scattering processes of the chlorophyll fluorescence in the canopy. According to the method, continuous site-scale and global-scale chlorophyll fluorescence is obtained, and meanwhile, the chlorophyll fluorescence obtained through simulation in the leaf scale and the canopy scale is used for correcting the chlorophyll fluorescence observed by the satellite, so that the chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaf scale is obtained through inversion of a chlorophyll fluorescence product of the satellite, and the precision of monitoring the primary productivity on land is improved.

Description

Simulation method for sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation method of sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, in particular to a canopy chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method which considers chlorophyll fluorescence emission, absorption and multiple scattering processes and is suitable for different ecological systems, and belongs to the research field of vegetation parameter simulation methods.
Background
The vegetation is one of the main bodies of the terrestrial biosphere, influences the exchange of substances and energy between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere through processes of photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration and the like, and has irreplaceable effects on the aspects of adjusting global carbon balance, slowing down the rising of greenhouse gas concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the like. The photosynthesis process of the vegetation is an important component in the ecological mode at present, and the vegetation can transpire simultaneously when the vegetation performs the photosynthesis, namely the process that moisture is lost to the atmosphere from the surface (mainly leaves) of a plant body in a water vapor state, and the transpiration of the vegetation can also influence the calculation of latent heat. Transpiration by plants also directly affects the exchange of moisture between the earth's surface and the atmosphere, which is also an important factor in determining precipitation. Therefore, the ecological model needs to simulate the photosynthesis process more accurately, which has a great influence on the simulation of water circulation, carbon circulation, and surface energy balance in the global ecosystem.
The quantity of organic carbon fixed by plants in unit time through photosynthesis is the total primary productivity of the vegetation, which determines the initial substances and energy entering the terrestrial ecosystem, is the substance and energy source for the growth of the vegetation, and influences the allocation quantity of carbon pools of the vegetation, the net primary productivity and the like; on the other hand, the total primary productivity of vegetation is affected by factors such as light intensity, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, moisture, etc. Therefore, the total primary productivity of the vegetation is an important link for connecting the carbon cycle of the land and the carbon reservoir of the atmosphere, and plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle of the whole land ecosystem, the total primary productivity of the vegetation in the land ecosystem is mainly estimated by using a land process mode, an ecosystem model and a light energy utilization rate model based on remote sensing observation at present, but the estimation of the total primary productivity of the vegetation in the current model has larger uncertainty due to the aspects of model structures, parameters, input data and the like.
Chlorophyll fluorescence remote sensing developed in recent years provides new ideas and methods for estimation of total primary productivity of vegetation in the terrestrial ecosystem. The photosynthesis effective radiation absorbed by chlorophyll is about 1-2% converted into chlorophyll fluorescence radiation, which is essentially a 'luminous' phenomenon of plants at the wavelength of 650-800 nm, and chlorophyll fluorescence has two peaks at two wave bands of 685nm and 740nm, and can directly reflect the dynamic change of the actual photosynthesis of the plants. The successful inversion of the satellite chlorophyll fluorescence greatly promotes the application of the new method in the field of global carbon cycle, so that the remote sensing monitoring of regional and global vegetation photosynthesis by using the chlorophyll fluorescence is realized, and the estimation of the total primary productivity of a land ecosystem is realized. The chlorophyll fluorescence of the vegetation is closely related to the photosynthesis, and can directly reflect the actual photosynthesis state.
In recent years, some ecomodels have begun to develop chlorophyll fluorescence simulation methods for improving the carbon cycle simulation ability. The SCOPE model develops a chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis coupling model earlier, the chlorophyll fluorescence model in SCOPE divides a vegetation canopy into 60 layers, each layer simulates 13 azimuth angles and 36 inclination angles respectively, and the chlorophyll fluorescence excitation, absorption and scattering processes on the blade scale are described in more detail, but the model has large calculation amount, complex process and more input parameters, so that the SCOPE model is difficult to realize the simulation of the chlorophyll fluorescence on the global scale.
In order to realize the simulation of chlorophyll fluorescence on a global scale, a new method for simulating the chlorophyll fluorescence in the canopy, which considers chlorophyll fluorescence emission, absorption and multiple scattering processes and is suitable for different ecosystems, needs to be developed, and the uncertainty of the ecological mode on the simulation of global carbon cycle is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is:
a set of vegetation canopy chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method is provided, and is used for simulating chlorophyll fluorescence emission, absorption and multiple scattering processes on the scale of leaves, so that a simulation method of canopy chlorophyll fluorescence suitable for different ecological systems is obtained. The chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method is coupled into an ecosystem model, and chlorophyll fluorescence on a global scale is simulated.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
calculating to obtain chlorophyll fluorescence on the leaf scale by using the actual electron transmission rate and the maximum electron transmission rate which are calculated by using the existing photosynthesis model in the ecological model, and calculating to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence on the canopy scale which is applicable to different ecological systems and takes multiple scattering processes into consideration according to the canopy radiation transmission principle. The chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method is coupled to an ecosystem model, and the chlorophyll fluorescence on the global scale is obtained through inversion.
(1) Chlorophyll fluorescence on leaf scale
The solar energy absorbed by the blades is used in several ways: process of photosynthesis phiPPhotochemical quenching of phiDNon-photochemical quenching phiNAnd chlorophyll fluorescence yield phiFThus:
Figure GSB0000185694940000031
the rate of photosynthesis is expressed in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence observed under different light conditions:
Figure GSB0000185694940000032
wherein
Figure GSB0000185694940000033
Maximum amount of fluorescence radiation, k, at saturation of light radiationPIs a non-volatile organic compound (I) with a value of 0,
Figure GSB0000185694940000034
comprises the following steps:
Figure GSB0000185694940000035
the chlorophyll fluorescence yield can be obtained from the formula (1-3):
Figure GSB0000185694940000036
wherein k isF0.05 and kDMax (0.03T +0.0773, 0.087), T is the temperature in degrees celsius, kNThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GSB0000185694940000037
Figure GSB0000185694940000038
Figure GSB0000185694940000039
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GSB00001856949400000310
a＝2.83，b＝0.114，
Figure GSB00001856949400000311
to maximize the rate of photosynthesis, JeAnd JoActual and maximum electron transport rates calculated for the photosynthesis modelLeaf scale chlorophyll fluorescence is:
SIFe＝APAR·φF(8)
wherein APAR is photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the leaves, phiFThe chlorophyll fluorescence yield;
(2) chlorophyll fluorescence on the canopy scale
Chlorophyll fluorescence excited by leaves is influenced by the transmission process of canopy radiation, attenuation and scattering processes in the canopy, and chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) on the canopyc) Comprises the following steps:
SIFc＝SIFsunLAIsun+SIFshadLAIshad(9)
SIF in the formulasunAnd SIFshadFluorescence of the male and female lobes in the coronal layer, LAIsunAnd LAIshadThe leaf areas of the male and female leaves are indicated:
Figure GSB0000185694940000041
formula (III) αsunAnd βsunAttenuation and scattering coefficient of the fluorescence of the sun leaf, αshadAnd βshadAPAR, attenuation and scattering coefficient of vaginal fluorescencee_sunAnd APARe_shadRespectively representing the photosynthetically active radiation of the male and female leaves in the canopy,
Figure GSB0000185694940000042
and
Figure GSB0000185694940000043
the ratios of chlorophyll fluorescence in absorbed photons of the male and female leaves are respectively expressed and calculated by the formula (4-7), the attenuation of chlorophyll fluorescence in the coronal layer follows beer's law, and therefore the calculation formula of the attenuation coefficient is:
Figure GSB0000185694940000044
wherein theta is the solar altitude angle, omega is the concentration index, G (theta) is a G function and is used for calculating the proportion of intercepted radiation of unit leaf area, and the calculation formula of the scattering coefficient is as follows:
Figure GSB0000185694940000045
the method has the following specific beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes a chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method of a leaf scale and combines a calculation method of canopy radiation transmission to simulate the chlorophyll fluorescence of a canopy scale, couples the chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method into an ecosystem model to further simulate the chlorophyll fluorescence on a global scale, and simultaneously utilizes the simulated chlorophyll fluorescence of the leaf and canopy scales to correct a fluorescence product of a satellite to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence of the leaf scale inverted by satellite data.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the simulated effect of site-scale chlorophyll fluorescence;
FIG. 3 is a graph of simulated effect of chlorophyll fluorescence on a global scale;
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below by way of examples:
the developed chlorophyll fluorescence model was coupled into the BEPS ecological model and the effect of the simulation was evaluated at a single site as well as on a global scale using observations.
In order to evaluate the simulated effect of fluorescence, the 1-hour flux observations from the Harvard station in 2013 were used as the driving data for the real scene of the BEPS single-point model, the driving data included air temperature, precipitation, downward short wave radiation, relative humidity and air pressure, and the model integration time was from 1/2013 to 31/2013/12/31. FIG. 2 shows a comparison of model-simulated chlorophyll fluorescence with observations.
To evaluate the simulated effect of fluorescence on a global scale, the BEPS model was driven with the meteorological reanalysis data (air temperature, precipitation, shortwave radiation downwards, relative humidity and air pressure) of the european centre in 2015-2016 with a temporal resolution of 1 hour and a spatial resolution of 1 ° × 1 °, with model integration times starting at 1/2015 and ending at 31/12/2016. The model results were evaluated using the fluorescent product of OCO-2 satellite in 2015-2016. Figure 3 shows a comparison of model simulated chlorophyll fluorescence with satellite data.
According to the method provided by the invention, the simulation results of chlorophyll fluorescence in site scale and global scale can be obtained, and the chlorophyll fluorescence in leaf scale and canopy scale can be simulated respectively, so that the monitoring capability of the photosynthesis of the global terrestrial vegetation is improved.

Claims (2)

1. A simulation method of sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) chlorophyll fluorescence on leaf scale
The solar energy absorbed by the blades is used in several ways: process of photosynthesis phiPPhotochemical quenching of phiDNon-photochemical quenching phiNAnd chlorophyll fluorescence yield phiFThus:
Figure FSB0000185694930000011
the rate of photosynthesis is expressed in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence observed under different light conditions:
Figure FSB0000185694930000012
wherein
Figure FSB0000185694930000013
Maximum amount of fluorescence radiation, k, at saturation of light radiationPIs a non-volatile organic compound (I) with a value of 0,
Figure FSB0000185694930000014
comprises the following steps:
Figure FSB0000185694930000015
the chlorophyll fluorescence yield can be obtained from the formula (1-3):
Figure FSB0000185694930000016
wherein k isF0.05 and kDMax (0.03T +0.0773, 0.087), T is the temperature in degrees celsius, kNThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000185694930000017
Figure FSB0000185694930000018
Figure FSB0000185694930000019
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FSB00001856949300000110
a＝2.83，b＝0.114，
Figure FSB00001856949300000111
to maximize the rate of photosynthesis, JeAnd JoThe actual electron transfer rate and the maximum electron transfer rate calculated for the photosynthesis model, the leaf-scale chlorophyll fluorescence is:
SIFe＝APAR·φF(8)
wherein APAR is photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the leaves, phiFThe chlorophyll fluorescence yield;
(2) chlorophyll fluorescence on the canopy scale
Chlorophyll fluorescence excited by leaves is influenced by the transmission process of canopy radiation, attenuation and scattering processes in the canopy, and chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) on the canopyc) Comprises the following steps:
SIFc＝SIFsunLAIsun+SIFshadLAIshad(9)
SIF in the formulasunAnd SIFshadFluorescence of the male and female lobes in the coronal layer, LAIsunAnd LAIshadThe leaf areas of the male and female leaves are indicated:
Figure FSB0000185694930000021
formula (III) αsunAnd βsunAttenuation and scattering coefficient of the fluorescence of the sun leaf, αshadAnd βshadAPAR, attenuation and scattering coefficient of vaginal fluorescencee_sunAnd APARe_shadRespectively representing the photosynthetically active radiation of the male and female leaves in the canopy,
Figure FSB0000185694930000022
and
Figure FSB0000185694930000023
the ratios of chlorophyll fluorescence in absorbed photons of the male and female leaves are respectively expressed and calculated by the formula (4-7), the attenuation of chlorophyll fluorescence in the coronal layer follows beer's law, and therefore the calculation formula of the attenuation coefficient is:
Figure FSB0000185694930000024
wherein theta is the solar altitude angle, omega is the concentration index, G (theta) is a G function and is used for calculating the proportion of intercepted radiation of unit leaf area, and the calculation formula of the scattering coefficient is as follows:
Figure FSB0000185694930000025
the sunlight induced chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method perfects calculation of chlorophyll fluorescence on the whole canopy scale by using an existing chlorophyll fluorescence calculation method on the blade scale, respectively calculates the radiation transmission process of chlorophyll fluorescence excited on the blade in the canopy according to the canopy radiation transmission principle, firstly calculates the attenuation process of the chlorophyll fluorescence in the canopy by using a formula (11), then calculates the multiple scattering process of the chlorophyll fluorescence in the canopy by using a formula (12), and finally calculates the chlorophyll fluorescence on the canopy scale by using a formula (9-10).
2. A sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence simulation method according to claim 1, wherein in steps (1) and (2), a chlorophyll fluorescence calculation method from a leaf scale to a canopy scale is completely developed, and the chlorophyll fluorescence for satellite observation is corrected by using simulated chlorophyll fluorescence of the leaf scale and the canopy scale, and the chlorophyll fluorescence of the leaf scale is obtained by inversion from a chlorophyll fluorescence product of a satellite.
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