CN108918785A - A kind of device and method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence - Google Patents
A kind of device and method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918785A CN108918785A CN201810884869.5A CN201810884869A CN108918785A CN 108918785 A CN108918785 A CN 108918785A CN 201810884869 A CN201810884869 A CN 201810884869A CN 108918785 A CN108918785 A CN 108918785A
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- gauze bag
- gauze
- blade
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- aleyrodid class
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence, which is made of a gauze bag (1), the circular ring plate (5) being arranged in the middle part of gauze bag (1) and draw-string (3)；Gauze bag (1) end is provided with gauze bag opening (6), is provided with hollow flanging (4) at gauze bag opening (6), draw-string (3) is threaded through in the flanging (4)；It is offered on gauze bag (1) and puts insect population (2)；Gauze bag (1) includes two kinds of structures of A, B；Etc..The present invention is defined in toxicity test method of many key links to aleyrodid class pest, to ensure that the stability and consistency of toxicity test, it lays a solid foundation and guarantees for accurately toxicity test, accurate technological guidance can be made in the use of crop field large area for insecticide with toxicity test result of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of pest toxicity test technical fields；It particularly belongs to a kind of with live plant measurement aleyrodid
The method and technology field of class pest virulence.
Background technique
Aleyrodid class pest is the pest frequently encountered in a kind of agricultural production, wherein Bemisia tabaci be exactly in the class pest very
It is characteristic to represent species.Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) belongs to Semiptera (Hemiptera) Aleyrodidae
(Aleyrodidae), it is a kind of height omnivorous insect, was most found on the tobacco of Greece earlier than 1889 by Gennadius.
Bemisia tabaci is multiple hidden kind of complexs, has successively been reported within the border in China including 13 endemic species and 2 global invasive species
Inside hidden kind of 15 Bemisia tabacis.Bemisia tabaci is the master of the torrid zone, subtropical zone protecting field and field crop as Important Economic pest
One of pest is wanted, easily population outbreak after invasion, and be difficult to block its expansion trend, the highest attention by whole world scholar.
There are mainly three types of its hazard approach, first is that Bemisia tabaci feeding plant juice：The equal piercing and sucking plant phloem juice of Bemisia tabaci adults, nymph
Liquid causes plant weak；Meanwhile a large amount of honeydews are secreted, Pollution Plant organ and product induce the generation of sooty mould, make plant
Weaken；Second is that transmitted virus：Bemisia tabaci is the important communication media of many virosis, and the tomato yellowing as caused by geminivirus infection is bent
Leaf disease is a kind of destructive disease；Third is that causing plant physiology abnormal:It can lead to various plants physiology after Bemisia tabaci Nymph feeding
It is abnormal.The common aleyrodid class pest in China has：Hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MED, hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood and Hei Ci powder
Lice.Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood main harm greenhouse vegetable and ornamental plant, since living standards of the people step up and pattern of farming
Adjustment, greenhouse vegetable growing area increases year by year, and the greenhouse ecological ambient stable is conducive to the proliferation of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, therefore
Many area Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwoods are on the rise, it has also become the important pests of greenhouse vegetable and the production of flowers and plants.Bemisia tabaci MED is hidden
Kind (Type B Bemisia tabaci), also known as Bemisia argentifolii, maximum to the threat of production, the malicious ability of biography is most strong, and lifelong band is malicious if with poison,
It is to lead to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease popular the main reason for propagating, and it is strong to common pesticides drug resistance.It sends out for the first time within 2003
Existing hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Q type Bemisia tabaci) invades China, and harm of the Q type Bemisia tabaci in some countries and regions gradually aggravates,
Q type Bemisia tabaci gradually replaces Type B Yan Fen Wind Bemisia tabaci as main harm population in subsequent 10 years, and is in be propagated further
Spreading trend causes more serious loss.Aleurocanthus spiniferus is that a kind of universal, the serious aleyrodid of harm occurs in aleyrodid class pest,
With nymph cluster blade back, juice is sucked, is killed leaf at macula lutea, and honeydew can be secreted and induce dark mildew, it is raw to seriously affect tree vigo(u)r
It is long.
Aleyrodid class pest host range is extensive, hazard approach is various, reproductive capacity is strong, generation overlap, population growth are rapid, hair
Raw wide variety also endangers ornamental plant and weeds in addition to endangering industrial crops.Current agricultural production on using cultural control,
The methods of physical control chemical prevention and biological control control Bemisia tabaci, wherein Synthetic of the chemical prevention in Bemisia tabaci
It plays key player, especially anabasine insecticide Diacloden in reason and is widely used in prevention and treatment Yan Fen Wind, but field tobacco powder
Lice has produced Diacloden resistance.Chemical prevention is depended on to the improvement of Bemisia tabaci both at home and abroad at present, due to Bemisia tabaci
Feeding and oviposition be all at the back side of tomato leaf, medicament is not easy to reach target pest, and the use of a large amount of chemical insecticides
Bemisia tabaci resistance problems are caused to become increasingly conspicuous, therefore not only time-consuming and laborious in the preventing and controlling for producing upper Bemisia tabaci, Er Qiecheng
Effect less, to vegetables production causes very huge economic loss.Bemisia tabaci is to including organic phosphorus, pyrethroid, amino at present
A variety of insecticides including formic acid esters, anabasine, insect growth regulator, IGR etc. generate different degrees of resistance, kill with novel
The application of worm agent also produces different degrees of resistance to novel I insecticide then applied in succession, is faced in world wide
Major issue.
The toxicity test of insecticide is that a kind of quantity of toxicity indicates, i.e. toxic degree.Purpose is intended to know a certain
Kind of insecticide to the toxicity of a certain pest how, or compare several pesticides to the difference of the virulence degree of a certain insect
It not, is as the virulence size for measuring a kind of insecticide to certain insect.In order to study preferably in field control Bemisia tabaci
Method can obtain Bemisia tabaci to the resistance index of various pesticides, reach effective use pesticide control cigarette by indoor toxicity test
The purpose of aleyrodid and the development for slowing down its drug resistance.Since the polypide of Bemisia tabaci is smaller, it is easy to appear experiment in continuous mode and misses
Difference.The method that the indoor virulence research of current Bemisia tabaci is mainly used is agar leaf dip method, but this operation is relatively complicated,
The experimental material for needing to use is more, general to measure the period at 48 hours, not only takes a substantial amount of time but also takes more labor
Power, and blade is won from plant and is easy to wilt later, is dead, and survival rate will significantly on dead blade for Bemisia tabaci
It reduces, and its internal chemical component can change to the influence to experiment, meeting the tissue of dead volume plant after death
Cause biggish experimental error.Therefore the standard and method for finding a kind of suitable aleyrodid class pest toxicity test are known as needing to solve
The problem of.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of easy to operate precisely in order to the defect that solves the above problems, and the period is shorter, and experimental error is smaller
And aleyrodid class pest can be measured on live plant：Such as, hidden kind of greenhouse whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, Bemisia tabaci MED and MEAM1 virulence
Measurement device and method be make great efforts a target, it is hidden to Bemisia tabaci MED and MEAM1 in order to solve the problems, such as that this is a series of
Kind toxicity test device and effective measuring method have carried out invention research.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization.
It is a kind of with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence device, the present invention device by a gauze bag, set
Set the circular ring plate and draw-string composition in the middle part of gauze bag；Gauze bag end is provided with gauze bag opening, in gauze bag opening
It is provided with hollow flanging, draw-string is threaded through in the flanging；It is offered on gauze bag and puts insect population；Gauze bag includes two kinds of A, B
Structure, specifically, the A structure：Gauze bag has a gauze bag opening, is open in gauze bag bottom and from gauze bag
Respectively there is a circular ring plate at place, offers in gauze bag bottom and puts insect population；The B structure：Gauze bag tool is opened there are two gauze bag
Mouthful, respectively there is a circular ring plate in two from gauze bag gauze bag openings, puts insect population in the middle part of gauze bag.
It is further that insect population structure of the present invention of putting includes two kinds of a, b；It is a cylinder that a type, which puts insect population structure setting,
Shape gauze channel will be put into gauze bag from this channel for examination insect, and can knot and seal or clamp sealing with clip；B type puts worm
Mouth structure is the opening port put insect population and be set as rectangle, and the surrounding edge of opening port surrounding is provided with the rectangle being fixedly connected and is provided with
The pin thread of snap fastener velcro is provided with the lid of the female thread of snap fastener velcro, the mother of snap fastener velcro outside opening port
Lid gauze is provided in the middle part of button.
It is further that the specification of A structure gauze bag of the present invention is a length of 20cm of gauze bag, width 15cm, hollow flanging
A length of 2cm, width 15cm, in gauze bag bottom and from each circular ring plate at 8~9cm of gauze bag opening.
It is further that the specification of B structure gauze bag of the present invention is a length of 24cm of gauze bag, width 15cm, hollow flanging
A length of 2cm, width 15cm, each circular ring plate at two from gauze bag 8~9cm of gauze bags opening.The size of this gauze bag
Convenient for operating and carrying.
It is further that the present invention puts two kinds of insect population a, b；The specification that a type puts insect population is a length of 3cm, diameter be 1.5~
The cylindrical gauze channel of 1.8cm will be put into gauze bag from this channel for examination insect, and can knot and seal or clamp envelope with clip
Mouthful；The specification that b type puts insect population is that opening port length and width are respectively 2cm, and the pin thread and lid side length of snap fastener velcro are 3cm, and width is
5mm。
It is further that the specification of circular ring plate of the present invention is overall diameter 15cm, interior diameter 14.5cm, thickness 0.1~
0.2cm, material are PET material, and PET material folding resistance is good, and not easy to break, circular ring plate is fitted closely with gauze bag, is used to support
Gauze bag causes experimental error in order to avoid blade and gauze pocket facing close.The gauze bag material is white Europe root yarn, fine and closely woven degree
For 120 mesh~160 mesh.Europe root yarn material is light, will not damage to live plant；Since aleyrodid class pest individual is small, if
Using the gauze less than 120 mesh, aleyrodid class pest can then escape, if using the gauze for being greater than 160 mesh, gas permeability is bad.
It is further that the present invention is further that the material of the draw-string is cotton, and each sealing needs to wear two cotton cords, often
Root cotton cord is enclosed around bag one, contrary, each long 38cm.
Using the method for the device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence, this method of the present invention includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, the selection and cultivation of live plant selects tomato as live plant, and the tomato requires, for examination kind
Eggplant seed selects the stronger kind of resistance to move to tomato seedling in the flowerpot of same size in the greenhouse after seeding and seedling raising, uses
Nylon gauze covers, and prevents other insect infestations；The soil of the cultivation of live plant, selection is loam, and every potted flower basin is applied will not
Generate the compound fertilizer 10g of some relative effects to the insecticide in later period, plantation when is mixed together uniformly with soil；It is testing
Period poured a water every 2 days, until the size of tomato plant is able to carry out the test of aleyrodid class pest, did not sprayed during experiment
Any pesticide is spilt, tomato plant strain growth is good；Whole strain will at least have 6 branches, at least 5 blades in each branch；
Step 2, insecticide is first measured after conversion weighs and is dissolved in clearly by the configuration of insecticide and the pretreatment of tomato leaf
The medical fluid of larger concentration is configured in water, the medical fluid for being then diluted to 6~8 constant gradient concentration is respectively charged into same size
Watering can in, for use；Tomato leaf similar in size is selected, blade is squirted with clear water first, is dried, in order to avoid by other substances
Influence；The watering can of blade uniform pressure is sprayed, when sprinkling, keeps cloud point in the same size, when sprinkling distance controlling 10~
Between 20cm, until blade is squirted completely and dripped without droplet, blade is then dried into rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light
Upper gauze bag；
Step 3a, aleyrodid class adult toxicity test method：By the watering can sprinkling for examination blade equipped with insecticide, when sprinkling
Distance controlling is between 10~20cm, then will be for until squirted and dripped completely without pesticide droplets for examination blade
Examination blade dries gauze bag in rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light, and sack is tensed using draw-string, is put into 40~50 from insect population from putting
Head aleyrodid class pest enters in gauze bag；The A structure gauze bag is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag is for wearing
On limb, the blade that among limb or inconvenience is entangled with single radial cut gauze bag is entangled；
Step 3b, aleyrodid class nymph toxicity test：It allows on the present tomato leaf of aleyrodid class adult and lays eggs 24 hours, wait its hair
It educates to four age nymphs；By the watering can sprinkling equipped with insecticide for trying blade, distance controlling is between 10~20cm when sprinkling, directly
To being squirted for examination blade and being dripped without pesticide droplets completely, then will be dried in the room temperature being protected from light for examination blade
Afterwards, then by 20~30 four age nymphs it chooses to drying for putting on gauze bag, sack being tensed using draw-string on examination blade；Institute
The A structure gauze bag stated is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag entangles among limb or not for being through limb
Facilitate the blade entangled with single radial cut gauze bag；
Step 4, live plant is put into after raising 24 hours in growth cabinet and observes and records by the determination for measuring standard
The survival condition of aleyrodid class pest finds that its wing is opened significantly and touched with fine, soft fur pen when observing adult and touches polypide, twice
It is motionless, it is recorded as its death；The survival condition of nymph is then to observe that how many adult eclosion comes out, that is, completes its toxicity test；
Data analysis is carried out using SPSS22.0, obtains virulence regression equation and LC50。
It is further in step 3a or 3b of the present invention, to be not less than by the live plant blade area that gauze bag entangles
10cm2。
It is further that in step 4 of the present invention, the raising temperature of aleyrodid class pest is 26~28 DEG C, the shading value L of illumination:D
=16:8, raising humidity is 60%~70%.
It is further that in step 1 of the present invention, the specification of flowerpot is：Collar extension diameter is 18cm, and internal orifice diameter is 15.5cm,
A height of 11cm, base diameter 10.1cm, plastic material；Flowerpot tray specification is：Upper bore be 15.5cm, internal diameter 13cm,
Plastic material.This specification is moved easily and convenient for being covered with nylon wire.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MED.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is Aleurocanthus spiniferus.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are that of the invention is a kind of with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest：Greenhouse white powder
Lice, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, Bemisia tabaci hidden kind of virulence of MED and MEAM1 method, toxicity test is measured in gauze bag, solves
The experimental error of Bemisia tabaci escape and generation；The material selection white Europe root yarn of gauze bag is wear-resisting, environmentally friendly, be easy to observe tobacco powder
The state of lice；It is used to support the circular ring plate of gauze bag, using PET material, folding resistance is good, because of the support of circular ring plate, with
Exempt from gauze bag to be bonded with blade face, Bemisia tabaci can not be flown on blade and test is caused to generate error；On gauze bag and gauze bag
Draw-string design, is convenient for carrying in field test, easy to operate, will not cause mechanical damage to live plant；On gauze bag
Insect population is put, facilitates and Bemisia tabaci is smoothly put into gauze bag；Insecticide is sprayed on blade with watering can and is dried, test error is reduced
And improve the fault that Bemisia tabaci is drowned by accuracy with wet Liquid Insecticides；Insecticide can be made in live plant using watering can
Uniformly adhere on blade, receive identical dose, without winning blade, is directly tested on live plant,
It solves the blade for winning and is easy dehydration wilting, dead and dead volume plant tissue its internal chemical component after death
Can change and caused by test error.Method of the invention is in many key links to the toxicity test side of aleyrodid class pest
Method is defined, to ensure that the stability and consistency of toxicity test, lays solid base for accurately toxicity test
Plinth and guarantee can make accurate technology in the use of crop field large area for insecticide with toxicity test result of the invention
Guidance.
The present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of A structure gauze bag of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of B structure gauze bag of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that a type of the present invention puts insect population.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram that b type of the present invention puts insect population.
Figure label is：1. gauze bag, 2. put insect population, 2.1.a type puts insect population, 2.2.b type puts insect population, 3. draw-strings, 4. foldings
Side, 5. circular ring plates, 6. gauze bags opening, 7. snap fastener velcro, 8. lids, 9. lid gauzes, 10. opening ports.
Specific embodiment
It sees figure 1 and figure 2.A kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence, the present invention device
It is made of a gauze bag 1, the circular ring plate 5 being arranged in the middle part of gauze bag 1 and draw-string 3；1 end of gauze bag is provided with gauze bag
Opening 6 is provided with hollow flanging 4 at gauze bag opening 6, and draw-string 3 is threaded through in the flanging 4；It is offered on gauze bag 1
Put insect population 2；Gauze bag 1 includes two kinds of structures of A, B, specifically, the A structure：Gauze bag 1 has a gauze bag opening
6, in 1 bottom of gauze bag and from respectively having a circular ring plate 5 at gauze bag opening 6, is offered in 1 bottom of gauze bag and put insect population 2；Institute
The B structure stated：There are two gauze bag openings 6 for the tool of gauze bag 1, respectively have an annulus at 1 two from gauze bag gauze bag openings 6
Piece 5 puts insect population 2 at 1 middle part of gauze bag.
As shown in figure 3 and figure 4.It is further that insect population 2 structure of the present invention of putting includes two kinds of a, b；A type puts insect population
Structure setting is a cylindrical gauze channel, will be put into gauze bag for examination insect from this channel, and can knot and seal or use clip
Clamp sealing；It is the opening port 10 put insect population and be set as rectangle that b type, which puts insect population structure, and the surrounding edge of 10 surrounding of opening port is provided with
The rectangle being fixedly connected is provided with the pin thread of snap fastener velcro, and the female thread of snap fastener velcro is provided with outside opening port 10
Lid 8 is provided with lid gauze 9 in the middle part of the female thread of snap fastener velcro.
It is further that the specification of gauze bag 1A structure of the present invention is, gauze bag 1 a length of 20cm, width 15cm, hollow folding
Side 4 a length of 2cm, width 15cm, in 1 bottom of gauze bag and from each circular ring plate 5 at 68~9cm of gauze bag opening.
It is further that the specification of gauze bag 1B structure of the present invention is, gauze bag 1 a length of 24cm, width 15cm, hollow folding
Side length is 2cm, width 15cm, each circular ring plate 5 at 1 two from gauze bag 68~9cm of gauze bags opening.This gauze bag
Size is convenient for operation and carries.
It is further that the present invention puts two kinds of insect population 2a, b；The specification that a type puts insect population is a length of 3cm, diameter be 1.5~
The cylindrical gauze channel of 1.8cm will be put into gauze bag from this channel for examination insect, and can knot and seal or clamp envelope with clip
Mouthful；The specification that b type puts insect population is that 10 length and width of opening port are respectively 2cm, and the pin thread and 8 side length of lid of snap fastener velcro are 3cm,
Width is 5mm.
It is further that the specification of circular ring plate 5 of the present invention is overall diameter 15cm, interior diameter 14.5cm, thickness 0.1
~0.2cm, material are PET material, and circular ring plate 5 fits with gauze bag 1, are used to support gauze bag；PET material folding resistance is good,
Not easy to break, circular ring plate is fitted closely with gauze bag, is used to support gauze bag, in order to avoid blade and gauze pocket facing close, causes to test
Error.The gauze bag material is white Europe root yarn, and fine and closely woven degree is 120 mesh~160 mesh.Europe root yarn material is light, will not be to work
Body plant damages；Since aleyrodid class pest individual is small, if aleyrodid class pest can be escaped using the gauze less than 120 mesh
Ease, if using the gauze for being greater than 160 mesh, gas permeability is bad.
It is further that the present invention is further that the material of the draw-string is cotton, and each sealing needs to wear two cotton cords, often
Root cotton cord is enclosed around bag one, contrary, each long 38cm.
Using the method for the device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence, this method of the present invention includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, the selection and cultivation of live plant selects tomato as live plant, and the tomato requires, for examination kind
Eggplant seed selects the stronger kind of resistance to move to tomato seedling in the flowerpot of same size in the greenhouse after seeding and seedling raising, uses
Nylon gauze covers, and prevents other insect infestations；The soil of the cultivation of live plant, selection is loam, and every potted flower basin is applied will not
Generate the compound fertilizer 10g of some relative effects to the insecticide in later period, plantation when is mixed together uniformly with soil；It is testing
Period poured a water every 2 days, until the size of tomato plant is able to carry out the test of aleyrodid class pest, did not sprayed during experiment
Any pesticide is spilt, tomato plant strain growth is good；Whole strain will at least have 6 branches, at least 5 blades in each branch；
Step 2, insecticide is first measured after conversion weighs and is dissolved in clearly by the configuration of insecticide and the pretreatment of tomato leaf
The medical fluid of larger concentration is configured in water, the medical fluid for being then diluted to 6~8 constant gradient concentration is respectively charged into same size
Watering can in, for use；Tomato leaf similar in size is selected, blade is squirted with clear water first, is dried, in order to avoid by other substances
Influence；The watering can of blade uniform pressure is sprayed, when sprinkling, keeps cloud point in the same size, when sprinkling distance controlling 10~
Between 20cm, until blade is squirted completely and dripped without droplet, blade is then dried into rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light
Upper gauze bag；
Step 3a, aleyrodid class adult toxicity test method：By the watering can sprinkling for examination blade equipped with insecticide, when sprinkling
Distance controlling is between 10~20cm, then will be for until squirted and dripped completely without pesticide droplets for examination blade
Examination blade dries gauze bag in rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light, and sack is tensed using draw-string, is put into 40~50 from insect population from putting
Head aleyrodid class pest enters in gauze bag；The A structure gauze bag is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag is for wearing
On limb, the blade that among limb or inconvenience is entangled with single radial cut gauze bag is entangled；
Step 3b, aleyrodid class nymph toxicity test：It allows on the present tomato leaf of aleyrodid class adult and lays eggs 24 hours, wait its hair
It educates to four age nymphs；By the watering can sprinkling equipped with insecticide for trying blade, distance controlling is between 10~20cm when sprinkling, directly
To being squirted for examination blade and being dripped without pesticide droplets completely, then will be dried in the room temperature being protected from light for examination blade
Afterwards, then by 20~30 four age nymphs it chooses to drying for putting on gauze bag, sack being tensed using draw-string on examination blade；Institute
The A structure gauze bag stated is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag entangles among limb or not for being through limb
Facilitate the blade entangled with single radial cut gauze bag；
Step 4, live plant is put into after raising 24 hours in growth cabinet and observes and records by the determination for measuring standard
The survival condition of aleyrodid class pest finds that its wing is opened significantly and touched with fine, soft fur pen when observing adult and touches polypide, twice
It is motionless, it is recorded as its death；The survival condition of nymph is then to observe that how many adult eclosion comes out, that is, completes its toxicity test；
Data analysis is carried out using SPSS22.0, obtains virulence regression equation and LC50。
It is further in step 3a or 3b of the present invention, to be not less than by the live plant blade area that gauze bag entangles
10cm2。
It is further that in step 4 of the present invention, the raising temperature of aleyrodid class pest is 26~28 DEG C, the shading value L of illumination:D
=16:8, raising humidity is 60%~70%.
It is further that in step 1 of the present invention, the specification of flowerpot is：Collar extension diameter is 18cm, and internal orifice diameter is 15.5cm,
A height of 11cm, base diameter 10.1cm, plastic material；Flowerpot tray specification is：Upper bore be 15.5cm, internal diameter 13cm,
Plastic material.This specification is moved easily and convenient for being covered with nylon wire.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MED.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood.
It is further that aleyrodid class pest of the present invention is Aleurocanthus spiniferus.
Specific operation process
(1) corollary apparatus is：
Including gauze bag, put insect population, circular ring plate, hollow flanging and draw-string composition, the A structure：Gauze bag has
One opening, a length of 20cm, width 15cm, flanging a length of 2cm, width 15cm in gauze bag bottom and leave 8~9cm of mouth
It is 15cm, interior diameter 14.5cm that, which respectively there is an overall diameter at place, with a thickness of the circular ring plate of the PET material of 0.1~0.2cm, annulus
Piece fits with gauze bag, is used to support gauze bag, puts insect population in sack bottom.The B structure：There are two open gauze bag tool
Mouthful, a length of 24cm, width 15cm, flanging a length of 2cm, width 15cm respectively have one at two from gauze bag 8~9cm of opening
A overall diameter is 15cm, interior diameter 14.5cm, with a thickness of the circular ring plate of the PET material of 0.1~0.2cm, circular ring plate and gauze
Bag fits, and is used to support gauze bag, puts insect population in the middle part of sack；The measurement device includes two kinds of a, b and puts insect population, and a puts insect population
Structure：A length of 3cm, diameter are the cylindrical gauze channel of 1.5~1.8cm, will be put into gauze bag for examination insect from this channel,
It can knot and seal or clamp sealing with clip；It is the opening port put insect population and be set as rectangle, opening port four that b type, which puts insect population structure,
The surrounding edge in week is provided with the pin thread that the rectangle being fixedly connected is provided with snap fastener velcro, and snap fastener evil spirit is provided with outside opening port
The lid of the female thread of art patch, is provided with gauze in the middle part of the female thread of snap fastener velcro, opening port length and width are respectively 2cm, snap fastener
The pin thread and lid side length of velcro are 3cm, width 5mm.The gauze material is white Europe root yarn, and fine and closely woven degree is 120 mesh
~160 mesh；The material of the draw-string is cotton, and each sealing needs to wear two cotton cords, and every cotton cord is enclosed around bag one, contrary,
Each long 38cm.The size of hand watering can is：24mm bore, 200ml capacity, plastic material have rotating sprinkler, are adjusted
Atomization.The specification of flowerpot is：Collar extension diameter be 18cm, internal orifice diameter be 15.5cm, a height of 11cm, base diameter 10.1cm,
Plastic material；Flowerpot tray specification is：Upper bore is 15.5cm, internal diameter 13cm, plastic material.Cultivate the soil that tomato is selected
For loam, 10g compound fertilizer is applied.
(2) experiment condition：
Experiment carries out in growth cabinet, and growth cabinet (rising instrument, LTC-1000 in Shanghai three) condition setting is as follows：
Temperature is 27 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, and photoperiod L: D=16: 8, relative humidity is 60%~70%.
(3) for trying tomato
It is for examination tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seed variety：Beijing Zhong Yanyinong seedling section
988 kinds are ground in skill Co., Ltd；In the greenhouse after seeding and seedling raising, tomato seedling is moved in the flowerpot of same size, uses Buddhist nun
Imperial gauze covers, and prevents other insect infestations.During test, a water was poured every 2 days, until the size of tomato plant can
The test for carrying out Bemisia tabaci, does not spray any pesticide, tomato plant strain growth is good during experiment.The tomato plant of selection is at least wanted
There are 6 branches, at least 5 blades in each branch；The blade area entangled by gauze bag cannot be less than 10cm2；
(4) selected insect source
Population is established in laboratory progress Identification of Species for the aleyrodid class pest worm sources of examination, chooses the health of aleyrodid class pest
Adult.Adult worm sources：Aleyrodid class pest is subjected to purifying raising with tomato plant in growth cabinet, raising 5 is more than generation.It is real
Four age nymphs in aleyrodid class pest insect cage are taken before testing respectively, after four age nymphs sprout wings, are collected respectively with pooter same
Its aleyrodid class pest adult to sprout wings is for experiment；Nymph worm sources：Aleyrodid class pest is used into tomato plant in growth cabinet
Purifying raising is carried out, raising 5 more than generation is collected the aleyrodid class pest adult to sprout wings on the same day respectively with pooter and produced on tomato
Ovum 24 hours, it is waited to be developed to four age nymphs, selection has required amount of four ages nymph blade to be for experiment.
(5) insecticide described in is configured to：
First insecticide is measured and is dissolved in the medical fluid for being configured to larger concentration in clear water after conversion weighs, is then diluted
Medical fluid to 6~8 constant gradient concentration is contained in watering can.
(6) insecticide described in is to the processing of tomato leaf：
Blade is squirted with clear water first, is dried, in order to avoid influenced by other substances；Various concentration medical fluid is packed into again each
In watering can, the pressure of spray head is adjusted, keeps the pressure of each watering can spray head consistent, sprays tomato leaf at 10~20cm of distance
It is wet and drip without droplet, then the whole basin tomato plant covered with nylon gauze is removed to what is be protected from light and is dried at room temperature.
(7) processing of the corollary apparatus：
Aleyrodid class adult toxicity test method：It will be sprayed for examination blade equipped with the watering can of insecticide, distance is controlled when sprinkling
System is between 10~20cm, until being squirted for examination blade and being dripped completely without droplet, then will be protected from light for examination blade
Room temperature in dry gauze bag in rear enclosure, sack is tensed using draw-string, is put into 40~50 aleyrodid class pests from insect population from putting
Into in gauze bag.Aleyrodid class pest nymph toxicity test method：It allows on the present tomato leaf of aleyrodid class adult and lays eggs 24 hours,
It is developed to four age nymphs Deng it；By the watering can sprinkling equipped with insecticide for trying blade, distance controlling is in 10~20cm when sprinkling
Between, until being squirted for examination blade and being dripped without droplet completely, then will be dried in the room temperature being protected from light for examination blade
Afterwards, then by 20~30 four age nymphs it chooses to drying for putting on gauze bag, sack being tensed using draw-string on examination blade.It puts
Survival condition is observed after raising 24 hours in growth cabinet, discovery Bemisia tabaci wing is opened and used significantly when observing adult
Fine, soft fur pen, which touches, touches polypide, motionless twice, is recorded as Bemisia tabaci death；The survival condition of nymph is then that how many adult observed
Emergence comes out.
(8) morphological feature of Bemisia tabaci：
At polypide yellowish white, female polypide long (0.91 ± 0.04) mm, wing expanse (2.31 ± 0.06) mm；Male worm body is long
(0.85 ± 0.05) mm, wing expanse (1.81 ± 0.06) mm, wing 2 is right, wing white, by wax powder immaculate.The not bifurcated of preceding vein 1,
Wing closes up in ridge when static or so.
(9) avermectin is to the toxicity test using 4 kinds of female male imagos of aleyrodid of gradient living body bioassay
Result of 1 avermectin of table to the toxicity test using 4 kinds of female male imagos of aleyrodid of gradient living body bioassay
Test result (table 1) shows to survey the measurement female male imago adult toxicity test result of 4 kinds of aleyrodids using gradient living body is raw
In, the avermectin that reagent agent is 5%, hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of MED be female, male worm virulence LC50Value be respectively 0.015mg/l and
0.018mg/l, related coefficient are respectively 0.981 and 0.984；Hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of MEAM1 be female, male worm virulence LC50Value is respectively
0.017mg/l and 0.017mg/l, related coefficient are respectively 0.986 and 0.985；Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood is female, male worm virulence LC50Value
Respectively 0.015mg/l and 0.016mg/l, related coefficient are respectively 0.981 and 0.983；Aleurocanthus spiniferus is female, male worm virulence
LC50Value is respectively 0.015mg/l and 0.016mg/l, and related coefficient is respectively 0.981 and 0.983；Relative coefficient is above
0.980, show that the theoretical death rate of aleyrodid class pest and actual are significantly coincide, gained virulence regression equation is preferably
Corresponding medicament is reflected to the interior of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, hidden kind of MED and the female male worm adult of hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of MEAM1
Virulence.
(10) avermectin is to the toxicity test using 4 kinds of aleyrodid four ages nymphs of gradient living body bioassay
Result of 2 avermectin of table to the toxicity test using 4 kinds of aleyrodid four ages nymphs of gradient living body bioassay
Test result (table 2) shows to survey in 4 kinds of aleyrodid four ages nymph toxicity test results of measurement using gradient living body is raw,
The avermectin that reagent agent is 5%, the poison of hidden kind of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, MED and hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci Nymph of MEAM1
Power LC50Value respectively 0.394mg/l, 0.420mg/l, 0.415mg/l and 0.405mg/l, related coefficient difference 0.981,
0.985,0.982 and 0.983, relative coefficient is above 0.980, shows that the theoretical death rate of Bemisia tabaci and actual are aobvious
Write coincide, gained virulence regression equation preferably reflect corresponding medicament to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, hidden kind of MED and
The indoor virulence of hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci Nymph of MEAM1.
(14) insecticide is using two methods to hidden kind of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, hidden kind of MED and MEAM1 Bemisia tabaci
The result of adult and nymph toxicity test compares
3 insecticide of table using two methods to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of hidden kind of MED and MEAM1 at
The result comparison result of worm and nymph toxicity test
With the insecticide of 5% avermectin using two methods to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, hidden kind of MED and MEAM1
The adult of hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci and the comparison result (table 3) of nymph toxicity test show using two methods to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, black
It pierces in aleyrodid, the adult of hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of hidden kind of MED and MEAM1 and the measurement of nymph toxicity test method, obtained virulence
In regression equation, related coefficient is above common in the virulence regression equation that is measured using gradient living body bioassay of the present invention
Blade infusion process.Virulence regression equation obtained by measuring method of the present invention preferably reflect insecticide to Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,
The indoor virulence of the adult and nymph of hidden kind of Aleurocanthus spiniferus, MED and hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of MEAM1.
Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, the adult of hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci of hidden kind of MED and MEAM1 and nymph virulence are surveyed above
Determine process and result is described in detail, the present disclosure applies equally to other pests of aleyrodid class to carry out on live plant
Toxicity test obtains toxicity test result of the aleyrodid class pest on various live plants in the case where most efficiently.
Above-described is only specific embodiments of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are herein in scheme
It does not describe excessively.It should be pointed out that above-described embodiment is not limit the invention in any way, come for those skilled in the art
It says, all technical solutions obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.This
The protection scope that application requires should be subject to the content of its claim, and the records such as specific embodiment in specification can be with
For explaining the content of claim.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence, which is characterized in that the device is by a gauze bag
(1), circular ring plate (5) and draw-string (3) composition being arranged in the middle part of gauze bag (1)；Gauze bag (1) end is provided with gauze bag to open
Mouth (6) is provided with hollow flanging (4) at gauze bag opening (6), and draw-string (3) is threaded through in the flanging (4)；In gauze bag
(1) it is offered on and puts insect population (2)；Gauze bag (1) includes two kinds of structures of A, B, specifically, the A structure：Gauze bag (1)
It is open (6) with gauze bag, in gauze bag (1) bottom and from respectively having a circular ring plate (5) at gauze bag opening (6),
Gauze bag (1) bottom, which offers, puts insect population (2)；The B structure：Gauze bag (1) tool there are two gauze bag opening (6), from
Respectively there is a circular ring plate (5) at (1) two gauze bag opening (6) of gauze bag, puts insect population (2) in the middle part of gauze bag (1).
2. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Described insect population (2) structure of putting includes two kinds of a, b；It is a cylindrical gauze channel that a type, which puts insect population structure setting,；B type puts insect population
Structure is the opening port (10) put insect population and be set as rectangle, and the surrounding edge of opening port (10) surrounding is provided with the rectangle being fixedly connected
It is provided with the pin thread of snap fastener velcro, the lid (8) of the female thread of snap fastener velcro, primary and secondary are provided with outside opening port (10)
It detains and is provided with lid gauze (9) in the middle part of the female thread of velcro.
3. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The specification of gauze bag (1) A structure is gauze bag (1) a length of 20cm, width 15cm, hollow flanging (4) a length of 2cm, and width is
15cm, in gauze bag (1) bottom and from each circular ring plate (5) at (6) 8~9cm of gauze bag opening.
4. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The specification of gauze bag (1) B structure is gauze bag (1) a length of 24cm, width 15cm, hollow flanging a length of 2cm, width 15cm,
Each circular ring plate (5) at (1) two from gauze bag (6) 8~9cm of gauze bag opening.
5. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It puts two kinds of a, b of insect population (2)；The specification that a type puts insect population is a length of 3cm, and diameter is the cylindrical gauze channel of 1.5~1.8cm；b
The specification that type puts insect population is that opening port (10) length and width are respectively 2cm, and pin thread and lid (8) side length of snap fastener velcro are 3cm,
Width is 5mm.
6. a kind of device with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The specification of the circular ring plate (5) is overall diameter 15cm, interior diameter 14.5cm, 0.1~0.2cm of thickness, and material is PET material,
Circular ring plate (5) fits with gauze bag (1)；The gauze bag material is white Europe root yarn, and fine and closely woven degree is 120 mesh~160 mesh.
7. using the method for claim 1 device, it is characterized in that：This approach includes the following steps：
Step 1, the selection and cultivation of live plant selects tomato as live plant, and the tomato requires, for trying tomato species
Son selects the stronger kind of resistance to move to tomato seedling in the flowerpot of same size in the greenhouse after seeding and seedling raising, uses nylon
Gauze covers, and prevents other insect infestations；The soil of the cultivation of live plant, selection is loam, and every potted flower basin is applied will not be to rear
The insecticide of phase generates the compound fertilizer 10g of some relative effects, and plantation when is mixed together uniformly with soil；In experimental period
Between, a water was poured every 2 days, until the size of tomato plant is able to carry out the test of aleyrodid class pest, was not sprayed during experiment
Any pesticide, tomato plant strain growth are good；Whole strain will at least have 6 branches, at least 5 blades in each branch；
Step 2, insecticide is first measured after conversion weighs and is dissolved in clear water by the configuration of insecticide and the pretreatment of tomato leaf
It is configured to the medical fluid of larger concentration, the medical fluid for being then diluted to 6~8 constant gradient concentration is respectively charged into the spray of same size
In pot, for use；Tomato leaf similar in size is selected, blade is squirted with clear water first, is dried, in order to avoid the shadow by other substances
It rings；The watering can of blade uniform pressure is sprayed, when sprinkling keeps cloud point in the same size, and distance controlling is in 10~20cm when sprinkling
Between, until blade is squirted completely and dripped without droplet, blade is then dried into yarn in rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light
Mesh bag；
Step 3a, aleyrodid class adult toxicity test method：By the watering can sprinkling for examination blade equipped with insecticide, distance when sprinkling
Control is between 10~20cm, until squirted for examination blade and dripped without pesticide droplets completely, it then will be for trying leaf
Piece dries gauze bag in rear enclosure in the room temperature being protected from light, and sack is tensed using draw-string, and 40~50 powder are put into from insect population from putting
Lice class pest enters in gauze bag；The A structure gauze bag is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag is for being through branch
On dry, the blade that among limb or inconvenience is entangled with single radial cut gauze bag is entangled；
Step 3b, aleyrodid class nymph toxicity test：It allows on the present tomato leaf of aleyrodid class adult and lays eggs 24 hours, it is waited to be developed to
Four age nymphs；By the watering can sprinkling equipped with insecticide for trying blade, distance controlling is between 10~20cm when sprinkling, until supplying
Examination blade is squirted completely and is dripped without pesticide droplets, after then being dried in the room temperature being protected from light for examination blade, then
20~30 four age nymphs are chosen to drying for putting on gauze bag, sack being tensed using draw-string on examination blade；The A
Structure gauze bag is for entangling monolithic leaf；B structure gauze bag is for being through limb, entangling among limb or being inconvenient to use
The blade that single radial cut gauze bag entangles；
Step 4, live plant is put into after raising 24 hours in growth cabinet and observes and records aleyrodid by the determination for measuring standard
The survival condition of class pest finds that its wing is opened significantly and touched with fine, soft fur pen when observing adult and touches polypide, motionless twice
Then it is recorded as its death；The survival condition of nymph is then to observe that how many adult eclosion comes out, that is, completes its toxicity test；Using
SPSS22.0 carries out data analysis, obtains virulence regression equation and LC50。
8. a kind of method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
In step 3a or 3b, the live plant blade area entangled by gauze bag is not less than 10cm2。
9. a kind of method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
In step 4, the raising temperature of aleyrodid class pest is 26~28 DEG C, the shading value L of illumination:D=16:8, raising humidity be 60%~
70%.
10. a kind of method with live plant measurement aleyrodid class pest virulence according to claim 7, feature exist
In in step 1, the specification of flowerpot is：Collar extension diameter is 18cm, and internal orifice diameter is 15.5cm, a height of 11cm, and base diameter is
10.1cm plastic material；Flowerpot tray specification is：Upper bore is 15.5cm, internal diameter 13cm, plastic material.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112262820A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-26 | 吉林农业大学 | Device and method for measuring toxicity of plant essential oil to whitefly pests |
| CN112790161A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 中国农业大学 | Indoor biological assay method for myzus persicae |
| CN115281157A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | New application of hermetia illucens, food source of hermetia illucens Li Chun, artificial feeding method of hermetia illucens Li Chun and industrial production method of hermetia illucens |
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| CN115281157A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | New application of hermetia illucens, food source of hermetia illucens Li Chun, artificial feeding method of hermetia illucens Li Chun and industrial production method of hermetia illucens |
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| CN108918785B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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