CN108897816B - Problem-solving-oriented rhombic bidirectional thinking guide graph - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rhombic bidirectional mind map facing problem solving, which comprises a bidirectional mind map driven by participants and a bidirectional mind map de-driven by participants, and is a process from divergence to convergence of viewpoints; the bidirectional thinking guide diagram driven by the participant is a divergent guide diagram, and the bidirectional thinking guide diagram driven by the participant is a convergent guide diagram; the divergent and convergent guide maps are combined to form a rhombic bidirectional thinking guide map. The invention clearly shows the collaborative discussion process of the problem in front of the participants, so that the viewpoints, reasons and the solution are clearer, all the viewpoints proposed in the discussion process are recorded and displayed, some good ideas can inspire other participants, the participants can be effectively helped to understand the problem from the global perspective, the complex discussion process is better controlled, the defects of the thinking depth and the thinking width of people are made up, the participants can think more effectively, and a better solution for solving the problem is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the application of computer support cooperative work in the field of cooperative scientific research, in particular to a problem solution-oriented diamond bidirectional thinking guide graph which is applied to systems such as information exchange, conference systems, cooperative systems and the like.
Background
Discussion is an important way for people to communicate information, communicate experiences, create thought conflicts, and ultimately solve problems. Collaborative discussions are commonly employed, particularly for some complex problems. In general, collaborative discussions for solving problems are an orderly and concrete collaborative discussion process in which participants come up with their own opinions, incentivize each other, and expect to find a suitable solution to the problem at the end of the discussion.
For example, to solve the problem of how to improve the efficiency and quality of the collaborative discussion, the research on the intrinsic mechanism and transformation mode of the collaborative discussion is crucial, and the main task is to establish a formal model for the collaborative discussion process.
Because people lack the comprehension ability to the complex problem, the information visualization method can help the discussing person to better grasp the problem, explore ideas and inspire thinking. Thought-guide diagrams are an effective graphical tool for expressing divergent thoughts. The mind map displays the topics and the relative relationship between the topics through graphics, text and a hierarchy map, and the topics are linked with graphics or colors. According to the rules of memory, reading and thinking, the balance of science, art, logic and imagination is kept, so that the thinking process can be recorded, thinking is stimulated, and the potential of the brain is stimulated. A cooperative perception model based on information visualization introduces a plurality of graphic information visualization methods such as a task priority diagram and a thinking guide diagram to support the communication of perception information. The task priority graph is used as a visual task driving basis, the collaborative task design and the task communication are verified, and the effectiveness of the collaborative task design and the task communication in practical application is proved. Thought-panels are an efficient way to express divergent thoughts and are a natural tool to describe thought activities.
The thinking guide graph has wide application in the aspects of inspiring thinking and transmitting information, and is an effective graphic tool for expressing divergent thinking. It lacks a formalized set of expression and logical bases. Meanwhile, the collaborative discussion for solving the problem is a process from divergence to evaluation to convergence. However, the thinking guide graph has strong divergent thinking ability and weak convergence, and cannot meet the requirement of divergence to convergence in the solution of the collaborative discussion problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention avoids the problems in the prior art and provides a problem-solving-oriented diamond bidirectional mind map which comprises a divergent map part and a convergent map part. Meanwhile, a set of formalized collaborative discussion problem solution models are constructed around the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought chart and displayed by a visual method, so that the aims of enlightening thinking, accelerating discussion and obtaining a better solution are fulfilled.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph has the characteristics that: the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought graph comprises a participant-driven bidirectional thought graph and an un-driven bidirectional thought graph, and the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought graph is a divergence-convergence process of the viewpoint; the participant-driven bidirectional thought map is a divergent map, and the de-driven bidirectional thought map is a convergent map; and the divergence guide diagram and the convergence guide diagram are combined to form the diamond bidirectional thinking guide diagram.
The problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph of the invention is also characterized in that:
the nodes in the thought graph are divided into four classes, namely a target problem node, a participant node, a viewpoint node and a reason node; the view nodes comprise view approval nodes and view disapproval nodes, and if the view node O is regarded as a solution of the target problem node, the corresponding view node O is defined as a solution node; the view node P is a child node of a view node Q representing another view Q if the view P represented by the view node P is considered a child view of another view Q; conversely, a viewpoint node Q representing another viewpoint Q is a parent node of the viewpoint node P;
the divergence guide map is as follows: the constructed thinking guide graph places the target problem node at the center of the divergence guide graph as a first layer, places the participant node at a second layer, and places the viewpoint node at a third layer;
the convergence guide map is as follows: the constructed thinking digraph places the target problem node at the center of the convergence digraph as a first layer, the solution node at a second layer and the viewpoint node at a third layer.
The problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph of the invention is also characterized in that: each participant node has a respective different background color; the background color of the corresponding view node, and the participant who published the view represented by the corresponding view node, are kept consistent with the background color of the corresponding participant node.
The problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph of the invention is also characterized in that: the convergent guide map is deduced from the divergent guide map according to the following steps:
step 4.1, searching viewpoint nodes of the divergence guide graph by adopting a breadth-first traversal algorithm, and forming an initial solution space SOL by taking a solution node found firstly as an element of the initial solution space SOL;
step 4.2, taking the target problem node of the divergent guidance diagram as the target problem node of the convergent guidance diagram;
4.3, taking all solution nodes of the initial solution space SOL as child nodes of the target problem node of the convergence guide graph, thereby obtaining solution nodes of the convergence guide graph;
and 4.4, copying child nodes of all solution nodes in the divergent guide graph, and linking the child nodes with solution nodes of the convergent guide graph to obtain the convergent guide graph.
The problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph of the invention is also characterized in that: the rhombic bidirectional thought map based on the divergent map and the convergent map is generated according to the following process:
before the cooperative discussion starts, establishing an initial divergence guide map according to target problems and designed rules;
after the discussion begins, the process of solution divergence firstly occurs, and different divergence guide diagrams and solution spaces thereof are obtained; in the divergence and divergence process of the solution, the divergence guide map is continuously updated, and a corresponding convergence guide map is deduced according to the current divergence guide map; recording the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map, and displaying the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map in a visual mode to help participants to discuss; when a new solution is obtained, or a solution is changed, the convergent guide map is transformed according to the change of the divergent guide map;
when the discussion is carried out to a certain degree, convergence is started, a convergence guide map and a solution corresponding to the convergence guide map are obtained, and an improper solution is deleted, so that the convergence guide map with one or more optimal solutions is obtained.
The problem solving oriented diamond bidirectional thought guide graph of the invention is also characterized in that:
for the collaborative discussion with the target problem node P and the three participant nodes D1, D2, D3, the thought graph is constructed as follows:
Step 5, after a period of discussion, finally obtaining the divergent guidance map Mk-1Ending the divergence phase of the solution; then, the step 6 is shifted to the convergence stage of the solution;
step 6, guiding the graph M by divergencek-1Deducing to obtain a convergent guide map MkDeleting unreasonable solution nodes through evaluation and selection of participants to obtain a convergence guide map M with a reduced solution spacek+1(ii) a And finally obtaining a convergence guide map only containing one solution by gradually reducing the solution space, completing the convergence of the solution, and ending the discussion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can make the person participating in the discussion clearly understand the whole process, including the view, reason and solution, through visual display. It is easier to reject or stop if an imperfect solution is proposed, or a view that has little to no relation to the target problem.
2. All the ideas presented in the discussion process carried out in this invention are recorded and displayed, and some good ideas will inspire other participants and easily return to this idea in due course.
3. The invention displays the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map in a visual and dynamic manner, and can help the participants to understand the dynamic conversion and master the overall situation, thereby better controlling the complex and dynamic discussion process. The method makes up the deficiency of the thinking depth and breadth of people to a great extent, so that the participants can effectively think and quickly obtain a better solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a divergence map model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a convergence map model;
fig. 3 is a symbolic example of a diamond-shaped bidirectional mind map.
Detailed Description
The problem solving-oriented diamond-shaped bidirectional thought map in the embodiment comprises a participant-driven bidirectional thought map and an undriven bidirectional thought map, and the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought map is a process from divergence to convergence of viewpoints; the bidirectional thinking guide diagram driven by the participant is a divergent guide diagram, and the bidirectional thinking guide diagram driven by the participant is a convergent guide diagram; the divergent and convergent guide maps are combined to form a rhombic bidirectional thinking guide map. The divergence and convergence guidance diagrams help the participants to understand the problems from the global perspective, so that the complex discussion process is better controlled, the defects of the thinking depth and breadth of people are overcome, the participants can think more effectively, and a better solution to the problems is obtained.
The nodes in the thought-guiding graph are divided into four types, namely a target problem node, a participant node, a viewpoint node and a reason node; the view nodes comprise view approval nodes and view disapproval nodes, and if the view node O is regarded as a solution of the target problem node, the corresponding view node O is defined as a solution node; a view node P is a child node of a view node Q representing another view Q if the view P represented by the view node P is considered a child view of the other view Q; whereas the viewpoint node Q representing another viewpoint Q is a parent node of the viewpoint node P.
Divergent guidance diagram: the constructed thinking guide graph has the structure that a target problem node is arranged at the center of a divergence guide graph to serve as a first layer, participant nodes are arranged at a second layer, and viewpoint nodes are arranged at a third layer, and the structure is shown in figure 1.
And (3) convergence guidance: the constructed thinking guide graph has the structure that a target problem node is arranged at the center of a convergence guide graph to serve as a first layer, a solution node is arranged at a second layer, and a viewpoint node is arranged at a third layer, and the structure is shown in figure 2.
Each participant node has a respective different background color; the background color of the corresponding view node, and the participant who published the view represented by the corresponding view node, are kept consistent with the background color of the corresponding participant node.
In this embodiment, the convergent guide map is derived from the divergent guide map by the following steps:
and 4.1, searching viewpoint nodes of the divergence guide graph by adopting a breadth-first traversal algorithm, and forming an initial solution space SOL by taking the solution node found firstly as an element of the initial solution space SOL.
And 4.2, taking the target problem node of the divergent guidance diagram as the target problem node of the convergent guidance diagram.
And 4.3, taking all solution nodes of the initial solution space SOL as child nodes of the target problem node of the convergence guide graph, thereby obtaining solution nodes of the convergence guide graph.
And 4.4, copying child nodes of all solution nodes in the divergent guide graph, and linking the child nodes with solution nodes of the convergent guide graph to obtain the convergent guide graph.
In specific implementation, the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought guide graph based on the divergence guide graph and the convergence guide graph is generated according to the following process:
before the cooperative discussion starts, establishing an initial divergence guide map according to target problems and designed rules;
after the discussion begins, the process of solution divergence firstly occurs, and different divergence guide diagrams and solution spaces thereof are obtained; in the divergence and divergence process of the solution, the divergence guide map is continuously updated, and a corresponding convergence guide map is deduced according to the current divergence guide map; recording the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map, and displaying the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map in a visual mode to help the participants to discuss; when a new solution is obtained, or a solution is changed, the convergent guide map is transformed according to the change of the divergent guide map;
when the discussion is carried out to a certain degree, convergence is started, a convergence guide map and a solution corresponding to the convergence guide map are obtained, and an improper solution is deleted, so that the convergence guide map with one or more optimal solutions is obtained.
The diamond-shaped two-way thinking map enables the person involved in the discussion to clearly understand the whole problem solving process, the understanding of each viewpoint is clearer, and if a viewpoint which has almost no relation with the target problem is provided, the viewpoint is easier to reject or deny, and the waste of time is avoided. And when a good viewpoint is proposed, other participants are easier to enlighten, and more good viewpoints are proposed.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 3, for the collaborative discussion with the target problem node P and the three participant nodes D1, D2, D3, a thought graph is constructed as follows:
Step 5, after a period of discussion, finally obtaining the divergent guidance map Mk-1Ending the divergence phase of the solution; then step 6 is carried out to start the convergence phase of the solution.
Step 6, guiding the graph M by divergencek-1Deducing to obtain a convergent guide map MkDeleting unreasonable solution nodes through evaluation and selection of participants to obtain a convergence guide map M with a reduced solution spacek+1(ii) a And finally obtaining a convergence guide map only containing one solution by gradually reducing the solution space, completing the convergence of the solution, and ending the discussion.
Aiming at the problem that the efficiency and the quality of the collaborative discussion problem are not ideal, the invention establishes the rhombic bidirectional thinking guide diagram which specifically comprises a divergence guide diagram and a convergence guide diagram. The divergent guidance diagram is taken as a core tool for promoting the cooperative discussion, and the advantages and the disadvantages of the thought guidance diagram in expressing the divergent thinking of the cooperative discussion are avoided. The solution process of the cooperative discussion problem is regarded as the process of divergence-convergence of the viewpoint and expansion-contraction of the solution space, and a diamond-shaped bidirectional thinking guide map based on a divergence guide map and a convergence guide map is established. Furthermore, the external presentation of the internal push and visualization through the diamond-shaped two-way mind map helps the collaborative discussion process to proceed rationally in an efficient manner. The experimental result shows that when the diamond-shaped bidirectional mind map is used for discussion, the whole process can be completed in the least time, the most solutions are obtained, and the method has good practicability.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a two-way thinking of rhombus diagram towards problem solution which characterized in that: the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought graph comprises a participant-driven bidirectional thought graph and an un-driven bidirectional thought graph, and the diamond-shaped bidirectional thought graph is a divergence-convergence process of the viewpoint; the participant-driven bidirectional thought map is a divergent map, and the de-driven bidirectional thought map is a convergent map; the divergence guide diagram and the convergence guide diagram are combined to form a diamond bidirectional thinking guide diagram;
the nodes in the thought graph are divided into four classes, namely a target problem node, a participant node, a viewpoint node and a reason node; the view nodes comprise view approval nodes and view disapproval nodes, and if the view node O is regarded as a solution of the target problem node, the corresponding view node O is defined as a solution node; the view node P is a child node of a view node Q representing another view Q if the view P represented by the view node P is considered a child view of another view Q; conversely, a viewpoint node Q representing another viewpoint Q is a parent node of the viewpoint node P;
the divergence guide map is as follows: the constructed thinking guide graph places the target problem node at the center of the divergence guide graph as a first layer, places the participant node at a second layer, and places the viewpoint node at a third layer;
the convergence guide map is as follows: the constructed thinking guide graph places the target problem node at the center of the convergence guide graph as a first layer, places the solution node at a second layer, and places the viewpoint node at a third layer;
each participant node has a respective different background color; the background color of the corresponding viewpoint node and the participants who issue the viewpoints represented by the corresponding viewpoint node are kept consistent with the background color of the corresponding participant node;
the convergent guide map is deduced from the divergent guide map according to the following steps:
step 1, searching viewpoint nodes of a divergence guide graph by adopting a breadth-first traversal algorithm, and forming an initial solution space SOL by taking a solution node found firstly as an element of the initial solution space SOL;
step 2, taking the target problem node of the divergent guidance diagram as the target problem node of the convergent guidance diagram;
step 3, taking all solution nodes of the initial solution space SOL as child nodes of the target problem node of the convergence guide graph, thereby obtaining solution nodes of the convergence guide graph;
step 4, copying child nodes of all solution nodes in the divergent guide graph, and linking the child nodes with solution nodes of the convergent guide graph to obtain the convergent guide graph;
for the collaborative discussion with the target problem node P and the three participant nodes D1, D2, D3, the thought graph is constructed as follows:
step 1.1, divergent guidance map M0Is an initial state containing the target problem node P and three participant nodes D1, D2, D3; after the participant node D1 brings up views, expands views, and approves, the divergence map M is obtained1；
Step 1.2, divergent mapping M1A view node a and a view node b, wherein the view node b is a child node of the view node a; participant node D2 presents perspective node c, which is a child of perspective node a, and perspective node b is a child of perspective node c; thus, the point of view node c is inserted into the divergence guide map M1Between viewpoint node a and viewpoint node b in (1), then the divergence map M1Transition to divergent view M2；
Step 1.3, participant node D3 presents viewpoint node D, which is a complement of viewpoint node b, and adds viewpoint node f to replace the position of viewpoint node b, so that viewpoint node b and viewpoint node D become child nodes of viewpoint node f, and then divergence guide map M2Transition to divergent view M3；
Step 1.4, when the viewpoint represented by the viewpoint node f is found to be an unreasonable viewpoint, the viewpoint node f and the child nodes thereof are deleted, and the divergence guide map M is obtained4；
Step 1.5, after a period of discussion, finally obtaining the divergent drawing Mk-1Ending the divergence phase of the solution; then, the step 1.6 is carried out to start the convergence stage of the solution;
step 1.6, guide the map M by divergencek-1Deducing to obtain a convergent guide map MkDeletion by evaluation and selection of participantsReasonably solving nodes to obtain a convergence guide map M with reduced solution spacek+1(ii) a By gradually reducing the solution space, a convergence guide map containing only one solution is finally obtained, the convergence of the solution is completed, and the discussion is finished;
generating a diamond bidirectional thinking guide map based on the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map according to the following process:
before the cooperative discussion starts, establishing an initial divergence guide map according to target problems and designed rules;
after the discussion begins, the process of solution divergence firstly occurs, and different divergence guide diagrams and solution spaces thereof are obtained; in the divergence and divergence process of the solution, the divergence guide map is continuously updated, and a corresponding convergence guide map is deduced according to the current divergence guide map; recording the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map, and displaying the divergence guide map and the convergence guide map in a visual mode to help participants to discuss; when a new solution is obtained, or a solution is changed, the convergent guide map is transformed according to the change of the divergent guide map;
when the discussion is carried out to a certain degree, convergence is started, a convergence guide map and a solution corresponding to the convergence guide map are obtained, and an improper solution is deleted, so that the convergence guide map with one or more optimal solutions is obtained.
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