CN108888918B - System and method for measuring multi-target motion speed under complex path - Google Patents
System and method for measuring multi-target motion speed under complex path Download PDFInfo
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- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for measuring multi-target motion speed under a complex path, belonging to the field of sports motion speed measurement. The system comprises an acceleration measuring module, a wireless gateway and an upper computer; the acceleration measuring module comprises an acceleration sensor, a controller and a wireless transceiving module; the acceleration sensor is connected with the controller; the controller is connected with the wireless transceiving module; the wireless transceiver module is connected with the wireless gateway through a wireless network; the wireless gateway is connected with the upper computer. The invention can conveniently and quickly obtain real-time and accurate movement speeds of a plurality of athletes under complex paths such as straight lines, curves, turning-back and the like, is beneficial to effectively evaluating the movement states and technical actions of the athletes by a coach and the athletes in real time, and provides data support for evaluating the effect of a specific training method and making a further training plan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sports motion speed measurement, and particularly relates to a system and a method for measuring multi-target motion speed under a complex path, which are particularly suitable for simultaneously measuring the motion speeds of multiple athletes under complex paths such as straight lines, curves and turning-back (straight line turning-back, radioactive turning-back and the like) in real time and accurately, and can be applied to the fields of sports training and mass motion body building.
Background
Currently, the commonly used speed measurement techniques and instrumentation generally include: the system comprises a segmented speed measuring system, a radar speed measuring instrument, an ultrasonic speed measuring instrument, a photography and shooting speed measuring instrument, a stopwatch, a laser speedometer and the like. These devices have more or less limitations such as inconvenient use, slow feedback speed, limited measurement accuracy, and the like, which are as follows:
1. the segmented speed measurement system comprises: the system provides the average speed between two pairs of known distance sensors, cannot provide continuous speed change conditions, the speed measurement accuracy depends on the number of the sensors, but the unlimited increase of the number of the sensors is unrealistic, and the system is only used for short-distance running projects with short movement time at present.
2. Radar velocimeter: because the radar speed measurement mainly utilizes the electromagnetic wave reflection principle, the radar speed measurement is easily interfered by external factors, the emitted microwave has wide angle, and the accuracy is greatly influenced. At present, the device is rarely used in the occasions of measuring the speed of a human body, and is only used for measuring the movement speed of various objects similar to balls.
3. Ultrasonic velocimeter: since ultrasonic waves are also a kind of sound waves, the speed of sound is temperature dependent, and is greatly affected by temperature changes when in use. Meanwhile, the target to be measured and the transducer of the sensor are not perpendicular to each other, and the sensor cannot be used normally in windy occasions and occasions requiring quick response, so that the sensor is not used in sports training occasions basically.
4. Shooting and speed measurement: at present, the method is widely used, but the method needs to process the images after shooting and shooting, calculates the speed according to parameters such as time, frame number and the like, and has slow feedback, poor timeliness and complex use.
5. Positioning and speed measuring based on systems such as GPS (global positioning system): at present, the training device is widely used in open-air occasions, but is not suitable for indoor sports training projects.
6. Laser velocimeter: the device has the advantages of high precision, quick response and the like, but the product is only suitable for measuring the speed of a single target and a simple path of linear motion.
In the sports training, how to utilize the modern scientific and technical means to realize real-time and accurate acquisition of the sports speed of the athlete is very important and urgently needed for scientifically guiding the sports training and improving the sports technical level. For example, in track and field sports and sprint skating projects, trainers have proposed an urgent need to continuously and accurately obtain the speed change curve of athletes in sprint skating or sprint training, especially to evaluate the training effect of athletes in sprint skating or sprint whole-course complex paths (including starting, accelerating, bending, sprinting and other stages); in sports items such as football, basketball, volleyball, table tennis and badminton, a plurality of athletes are usually required to simultaneously carry out important training modes such as some back-turning running, namely, a great deal of demands exist on simultaneous training and testing of the plurality of athletes. At present, no technology and product capable of accurately and simultaneously measuring the motion speed of a plurality of athletes under complex paths such as straight lines, curves and turning-back (straight turning-back, radioactive turning-back and the like) exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a system and a method for measuring the multi-target motion speed under a complex path, which can conveniently and quickly obtain the real-time and accurate motion speed of a plurality of targets under the complex paths such as straight lines, curves, turning back (straight line turning back, radioactive turning back and the like).
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-target motion speed measuring system used in a complex path comprises an acceleration measuring module, a wireless gateway and an upper computer;
the acceleration measuring module comprises an acceleration sensor, a controller and a wireless transceiving module;
the acceleration sensor is connected with the controller;
the controller is connected with the wireless transceiving module;
the wireless transceiver module is connected with the wireless gateway through a wireless network;
the wireless gateway is connected with the upper computer.
The system comprises at least two acceleration measurement modules.
The acceleration measurement module comprises a gyroscope sensor, and the gyroscope sensor is connected with the controller.
The acceleration measurement module comprises a power supply module, and the power supply module is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor, the gyroscope sensor, the controller and the wireless transceiver module;
the acceleration measurement module comprises a storage unit, and the storage unit is connected with the controller and can store data in real time.
The acceleration sensor adopts a three-axis acceleration sensor;
the controller adopts a microcontroller;
the outer contour size of the acceleration measurement module is within 20mm multiplied by 10mm, and the weight of the acceleration measurement module is within 50 g;
the wireless transceiver module adopts a WiFi module or a ZigBee module, and the maximum wireless transmission distance is more than or equal to 150 meters.
The method for measuring the multi-target motion speed under the complex path by utilizing the system comprises the following steps:
wearing the acceleration measurement module at a measurement position of a target; the measurement location comprises a chest, back or waist of the subject;
measuring the accelerations of the target in three directions by using the acceleration sensor, and converting the accelerations in the three directions into a direction angle theta of the target; meanwhile, a direction angular velocity omega of a target is obtained by measuring through a gyroscope sensor, and the direction angle theta and the direction angular velocity omega are sent to a microcontroller;
the microcontroller adopts a complementary filtering fusion algorithm to perform fusion calculation on the received direction angle theta and the direction angular velocity omega to obtain the direction angle of the acceleration of the target;
the wireless transceiving module and the wireless gateway are utilized to send the acceleration of the target measured by the acceleration sensor and the direction angle of the acceleration obtained by the fusion calculation of the microcontroller to an upper computer;
and the upper computer obtains a measurement result of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration, and displays the measurement result.
The complementary filtering fusion algorithm is as follows:
and correcting the direction angular velocity measured by the gyroscope sensor and integrating the direction angular velocity measured by the gyroscope sensor by using the direction angle measured by the acceleration sensor and the direction angle obtained by the last fusion according to the following formula:
Angle_new=Angle_last+[(θ-Angle_last)×r+ω]×t
Angle_last=Angle_new
wherein, Angle _ new is the direction Angle after the fusion, Angle _ last is the direction Angle after the last fusion, r is the fusion algorithm factor, and t is the time step of the integrator.
The upper computer obtains a measurement result of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration, and the operation of displaying the measurement result comprises the following steps:
numbering each target;
for each target, obtaining the movement speed and the displacement of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration of the target, wherein the movement speed and the displacement are measurement results;
displaying the acceleration curve, the speed curve and the displacement curve of the target on a display by taking time as an abscissa; and simultaneously displaying target information on the display, wherein the target information comprises a number, a name, a unit, an age and a remark.
The method further comprises:
the storage unit is used for temporarily storing the data of the acceleration, the direction angle and the direction angular velocity, and when the data are stored to a preset amount, the data are uploaded to an upper computer; the preset amount is between 30 and 100 bytes;
if the wireless signal reception abnormal phenomenon appears, the storage unit is used for temporarily storing data, and the temporarily stored data are uploaded to an upper computer when the wireless signal reception is normal.
The method further comprises:
acquiring video data of target motion through a video acquisition system, matching an acceleration curve, a speed curve and a displacement curve with the video data, and synchronously playing the acceleration curve, the speed curve, the displacement curve and a video on a display;
the operation of matching the acceleration curve, the velocity curve and the displacement curve with the video data comprises:
when video data of target motion is collected, a time point of an initial moment of the target motion is identified by marking key frames on a time axis, and the time point is marked as a motion starting time;
capturing motion starting point information in an acceleration signal obtained through wireless transmission, and marking motion starting time;
according to the two motion starting times, the acceleration signal and the video signal are unified on a time axis, and at the moment, the acceleration curve, the speed curve, the displacement curve and the video data are synchronized on the time axis, namely, matching is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can conveniently and quickly obtain real-time and accurate motion speeds of a plurality of athletes under complex paths such as straight lines, curves, turning back (straight line turning back, radioactive turning back and the like), is beneficial to effectively evaluating the motion states and technical actions of the athletes by a coach and the athletes in real time, and provides data support for evaluating the effect of a specific training method and formulating a further training plan.
(2) The invention has simple structure, simple and easy operation and convenient carrying, provides a brand-new sports speed measuring system which is very useful and urgently needed for coaches and athletes for the scientific training of modern sports, can obviously reduce the working intensity of the coaches and improve the efficiency and the scientific level of the sports training.
(3) The invention has wide application range, can be applied to the field of sports training in professional sports teams and sports colleges, has larger user group and has good market prospect; in addition, the invention also has good application and popularization values, and can be popularized and applied to the field of mass exercise and fitness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the velocity measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the complementary filter fusion algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interface layout of the data processing analysis software of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the system for measuring the multi-target movement velocity under the complex path of the invention comprises a plurality of acceleration measuring modules, a wireless gateway and an upper computer.
The acceleration measurement module comprises an acceleration sensor (the acceleration sensor is a three-axis acceleration sensor, and most of the acceleration sensor adopts a piezoresistive type, a capacitive type and a piezoelectric type), a microcontroller, a wireless transceiver module and a power supply module. The measurement can be realized by using an acceleration sensor alone, but in order to eliminate the deviation of the sensor, the embodiment preferably adds a gyro sensor to the system, that is, uses two sensors at the same time.
And fusing the direction angular velocity measured and calculated by the gyroscope sensor and the direction angle calculated by the acceleration sensor by adopting a complementary filtering fusion algorithm through the microcontroller, and accurately measuring and calculating the direction angle of the target motion acceleration. And then, the acceleration measuring module acquires the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor (the acceleration data is directly measured by the acceleration sensor) and the direction angle of the acceleration calculated by the microcontroller, the acceleration data is wirelessly transmitted to the upper computer through the wireless transceiver module and the wireless gateway, and finally the speed and the displacement of a plurality of targets are solved through the integral of data processing and analyzing software in the upper computer.
The number n of the acceleration measurement modules in the system is more than or equal to 2, the acceleration measurement modules are respectively from the acceleration measurement module 1 to the acceleration measurement module n in the figure 1, the requirement of multiple targets is met, the number can be within 2-10, the integrated outer contour of the acceleration measurement modules is generally within 20mm multiplied by 10mm, the weight of the acceleration measurement modules is generally within 50g, and the single working time is generally within 2-4 hours (the single working time is determined by a power supply module). In addition, the wireless transceiver module generally adopts a WiFi module or a ZigBee module, and the maximum wireless transmission distance of the wireless transceiver module reaches 150 meters.
The acceleration measurement module in the system provided by the invention is provided with a storage unit (the storage unit is connected with the microcontroller), can realize data storage in real time, can temporarily store the acquired acceleration and direction angle data, and uploads the data when the data is stored to a preset amount, wherein the preset amount of the data storage is generally within 30-100 bytes. However, when a plurality of athletes are together or the distance between the athletes is very close, the phenomenon of signal shielding in wireless transmission may exist, namely the phenomenon of abnormal wireless signal receiving occurs, at the moment, the data needs to be temporarily stored in a storage unit, and the temporarily stored data is uploaded when the signal receiving is normal.
As shown in fig. 2, the complementary filtering fusion algorithm is a function algorithm that corrects and integrates the directional angular velocity measured by the gyro sensor (the directional angular velocity directly output by the gyro sensor is the directional angular velocity) by using the directional angle measured by the acceleration sensor (the directional angular velocity directly output by the acceleration sensor is the magnitude of three directions of acceleration, and the magnitude of three directions can be converted into the directional angle) and the directional angle obtained after the last fusion, so as to effectively suppress the deviation between the acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor, and more accurately measure the directional angular change of the acceleration of the athlete, and the flow of the function algorithm is as follows:
Angle_new=Angle_last+[(θ-Angle_last)×r+ω]×t
Angle_last=Angle_new
wherein, Angle _ new is the direction Angle after the fusion, Angle _ last is the direction Angle after the last fusion, θ is the direction Angle measured and calculated by the acceleration sensor, ω is the direction angular velocity measured by the gyroscope sensor, r is the fusion algorithm factor (obtained by calibration according to the fusion effect), and t is the integrator time step (determined according to the data output frequency of the sensor).
The data processing and analyzing software in the upper computer can mark numbers according to the identity information of a target, namely, a sportsman, and the like, and the movement information such as an acceleration curve (a large curve and a direction angle curve including speed, which are directly obtained according to the collected acceleration), a speed curve, a displacement curve and the like of the sportsman can be extracted and checked through the numbers (the direction angle change of the acceleration obtained by the microcontroller is also displayed), and the movement acceleration, the speed and the displacement data of the sportsman at any moment can be checked, and the movement information (namely, the three curves) of the sportsman and the video data (the function of realizing the synchronous playing and analysis of the movement information and the video data of the sportsman belongs to another function of the data processing and analyzing software, but the video data comes from a video collecting system.
As shown in fig. 3, the data processing and analyzing software uses LabVIEW to perform graphical interface programming, the upper part of the left side of the interface marks the identity information of the target, i.e. the athlete, the lower part of the left side of the interface is an acceleration data file and a video data file of the athlete in the process of moving (the data files are automatically generated after the acceleration data and the video data are uploaded to the data processing and analyzing software), and the right side of the interface is the video and the moving information synchronized by a real-time image and data matching program. The approximate matching procedure is as follows: in the process of acquiring the sports video of the athlete, a key frame technology is used by a program, and a time point of the initial moment of the sports of the athlete is identified and marked as the starting time by marking key frames on a time axis. Meanwhile, the motion starting point information is captured by referring to the acceleration signal obtained by wireless transmission, and the motion starting time is marked. The acceleration signals of the two motion starting times and the video signals are unified on a time axis, and at the moment, the motion process video data of the athlete and the detected acceleration data are synchronized on the time axis.
The acceleration measurement module is typically mounted on the torso of the target, i.e., the athlete (a single acceleration measurement module is worn by an athlete, preferably on the chest, back, or back of the torso).
The abnormal phenomenon of wireless signal reception is generally that when a plurality of targets are together or are very close to each other, interference shielding signals may exist in wireless transmission to cause abnormal wireless signal reception.
The speed measuring system can conveniently and quickly obtain real-time and accurate motion speeds, namely the speed magnitude and direction angle, of a plurality of targets under complex paths such as straight lines, curves and turning-back (straight line turning-back, radioactive turning-back and the like), and the processing methods for the straight lines, the curves and the turning-back are completely the same.
The above-described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application and principle of the present invention disclosed in the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-described embodiment is only preferred, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring multi-target motion speed under a complex path is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is realized by adopting a multi-target motion speed measuring system under a complex path, wherein the system comprises an acceleration measuring module, a wireless gateway and an upper computer; the acceleration measuring module comprises an acceleration sensor, a controller and a wireless transceiving module; the acceleration measurement module comprises a gyroscope sensor; the acceleration measurement module comprises a storage unit; the controller adopts a microcontroller; the method comprises the following steps:
wearing the acceleration measurement module at a measurement position of a target; the measurement location comprises a chest, back or waist of the subject;
measuring the accelerations of the target in three directions by using the acceleration sensor, and converting the accelerations in the three directions into a direction angle theta of the target; meanwhile, a direction angular velocity omega of a target is obtained by measuring through a gyroscope sensor, and the direction angle theta and the direction angular velocity omega are sent to a microcontroller;
the microcontroller adopts a complementary filtering fusion algorithm to perform fusion calculation on the received direction angle theta and the direction angular velocity omega to obtain the direction angle of the acceleration of the target;
the wireless transceiving module and the wireless gateway are utilized to send the acceleration of the target measured by the acceleration sensor and the direction angle of the acceleration obtained by the fusion calculation of the microcontroller to an upper computer;
and the upper computer obtains a measurement result of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration, and displays the measurement result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the complementary filtering fusion algorithm is as follows: and correcting the direction angular velocity measured by the gyroscope sensor and integrating the direction angular velocity measured by the gyroscope sensor by using the direction angle measured by the acceleration sensor and the direction angle obtained by the last fusion according to the following formula:
Angle_new=Angle_last+[(θ-Angle_last)×r+ω]×t
wherein, Angle _ new is the direction Angle after the fusion, Angle _ last is the direction Angle after the last fusion, r is the fusion algorithm factor, and t is the time step of the integrator.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the upper computer obtains a measurement result of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration, and the operation of displaying the measurement result comprises the following steps:
numbering each target;
for each target, obtaining the movement speed and the displacement of the target by using the acceleration and the direction angle of the acceleration of the target, wherein the movement speed and the displacement are measurement results;
displaying the acceleration curve, the speed curve and the displacement curve of the target on a display by taking time as an abscissa; and simultaneously displaying target information on the display, wherein the target information comprises a number, a name, a unit, an age and a remark.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises:
the storage unit is used for temporarily storing the data of the acceleration, the direction angle and the direction angular velocity, and when the data are stored to a preset amount, the data are uploaded to an upper computer; the preset amount is between 30 and 100 bytes;
if the wireless signal reception abnormal phenomenon appears, the storage unit is used for temporarily storing data, and the temporarily stored data are uploaded to an upper computer when the wireless signal reception is normal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises:
acquiring video data of target motion through a video acquisition system, matching an acceleration curve, a speed curve and a displacement curve with the video data, and synchronously playing the acceleration curve, the speed curve, the displacement curve and a video on a display;
the operation of matching the acceleration curve, the velocity curve and the displacement curve with the video data comprises:
when video data of target motion is collected, a time point of an initial moment of the target motion is identified by marking key frames on a time axis, and the time point is marked as a motion starting time;
capturing motion starting point information in an acceleration signal obtained through wireless transmission, and marking motion starting time;
according to the two motion starting times, the acceleration signal and the video signal are unified on a time axis, and at the moment, the acceleration curve, the speed curve, the displacement curve and the video data are synchronized on the time axis, namely, matching is achieved.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the acceleration sensor is connected with the controller;
the controller is connected with the wireless transceiving module;
the wireless transceiver module is connected with the wireless gateway through a wireless network;
the wireless gateway is connected with the upper computer.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the system comprises at least two acceleration measurement modules.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the gyroscope sensor is connected with the controller.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the acceleration measurement module comprises a power supply module, and the power supply module is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor, the gyroscope sensor, the controller and the wireless transceiver module;
the storage unit is connected with the controller and can store data in real time.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the acceleration sensor adopts a three-axis acceleration sensor;
the outer contour size of the acceleration measurement module is within 20mm multiplied by 10mm, and the weight of the acceleration measurement module is within 50 g;
the wireless transceiver module adopts a WiFi module or a ZigBee module, and the maximum wireless transmission distance is more than or equal to 150 meters.
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CN205598601U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-28 | 东北石油大学 | Portable motion data trapping apparatus |
CN206638699U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-11-14 | 北京聚利科技股份有限公司 | Speed measuring device and automobile |
CN107582062A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-16 | 南京华苏科技有限公司 | A kind of indoor human body movement locus and Posture acquisition rendering method and device |
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2018
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