CN108839577B - Hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system and passenger car - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system and passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN108839577B CN108839577B CN201810639489.5A CN201810639489A CN108839577B CN 108839577 B CN108839577 B CN 108839577B CN 201810639489 A CN201810639489 A CN 201810639489A CN 108839577 B CN108839577 B CN 108839577B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system and a passenger car, wherein the hybrid power system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell controller, a hydrogen fuel cell system, a DC/DC converter, a DC/DC controller, a motor controller and a driving motor connected with a power coupler, which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the motor controller is electrically connected with a power distribution cabinet, an external charging port and a power cell in sequence; the generator and the driving motor are mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism through the power coupler, driving wheels are mechanically connected to two sides of the rear axle speed reducing mechanism, and the external charging port is in communication connection with the battery management system. The passenger car using the power system has high energy utilization rate and saves electric quantity; under severe working conditions, the output power of the generator is switched to drive the vehicle to run, the power can be generated by the generator and stored in the power battery, the energy utilization and distribution can be maximized, the total energy of the power system is improved, and the endurance mileage is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system and a passenger car.
Background
The experts in the industry consider that there are many uncertainties about which power assembly of a battery vehicle and a fuel vehicle will become the mainstream in the future. The electromotion is the inevitable trend of the future development of the automobile power assembly, and the situation that a plurality of electromotion forms coexist is inevitable for the power of the whole automobile in the future. However, the power ratios of the various types still have great variables. First, subsidies are cancelled after 2020, and the market is completely free to compete, and which kind of power will become the mainstream, and is uncertain at present. Second, battery performance will increase and cost will certainly decrease in the future, but it is uncertain when to break through technology and when to meet market demands. Finally, the charging infrastructure has uncertainty, the national plan is 2020, 430 thousands of charging piles are built nationwide, and the charging requirement of 500 thousands of electric vehicles can be met. But the construction process is difficult and serious, and the requirement of the comprehensive popularization of the battery car in the future can not be met; private car charging remains a long-standing problem.
The previous enterprises can also do selection questions on the hybrid technical route, namely the hybrid operation without electricity insertion in the traditional sense; the voltage of the vehicle is increased to 200V-300V, and the fuel engine is stopped under the working conditions of idle speed, low speed, sliding and the like of the vehicle, and meanwhile, the energy recovery under most working conditions can be realized, and the oil saving effect of 25-35% is realized. Another plug-in hybrid; the battery capacity is increased, the motor power is increased, long-distance pure electric driving is realized primarily, more energy is recovered, and the oil saving effect of 70-80% can be realized by using hybrid power in short distance or city electricity and long distance according to different charging habits of users; at present, 90 percent of mixed movement in China is of the type; the application research of hydrogen energy in the traffic field is more and more active, the fuel cell automobile takes hydrogen as fuel, the energy conversion rate is high, the fuel economy is good, and no pollutant is discharged in the running process of the fuel cell automobile. The hydrogen is used as a transportation energy carrier, the source of the hydrogen is wide, and various fossil energy, renewable energy, nuclear energy and the like can be converted into the hydrogen energy, so that the hydrogen energy has important significance for realizing the strategy of energy diversification and guaranteeing the national energy safety. Fuel cell vehicle technology is an attractive option compared to conventional vehicles that rely heavily on petroleum fuels and have significant exhaust emissions, and is therefore gaining wide attention and support from governments, enterprises, and academia.
In recent years, the research and development of fuel cell automobiles in China are rapidly advanced, the cooperative promotion of sense organ, production, science and research is presented, and the hydrogen energy and fuel cell passenger car technology is not only a development strategy direction supported by government, but also a key point of the development of strategic products in the passenger car field. The famous passenger car enterprises, energy enterprises and fuel cell enterprises in the world support and develop research and development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell passenger cars. The traditional hydrogen fuel cell passenger car has the following defects: the single pure fuel cell drive (PFC) has large power and high cost, puts high requirements on the dynamic performance and the reliability of the fuel cell system, and cannot recover braking energy; the power battery is jointly driven with the auxiliary power battery (FC + B), the whole vehicle is increased in mass due to the use of the power battery, the dynamic property and the economical efficiency are influenced, the energy loss is caused in the charging and discharging process of the power battery, and the battery is less and slower to charge due to the braking and energy recovery; driving (FC + C) with a super capacitor, the super capacitor has low specific energy, limited energy storage and short peak power; and the endurance mileage is shorter under the condition of no hydrogenation.
Therefore, in order to fully exert the advantages of the combined drive (FC + B) of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power cell and the series-parallel hybrid Power (PSHEV), ensure sufficient power supply and low power consumption of auxiliary equipment, improve the total energy of a power system, increase the endurance mileage, have high energy utilization rate, greatly reduce the cost of the whole vehicle, store more electric energy quickly, have long-lasting peak power of an engine, realize long-distance pure electric driving and recover more energy, and have higher dynamic performance and economical efficiency such as short-distance or urban power consumption, long-distance hybrid power consumption and the like according to different charging habits of users.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system and a passenger car, aiming at solving the problems that the auxiliary equipment is insufficient in power supply, a water heating management system and a fuel cell stack are heated without adopting an electric heating strategy, and the water circulation heating of an engine is adopted to save electric quantity; the total energy of the power system is improved, and the endurance mileage is increased; the energy utilization rate is high; the high-power structural form of a single fuel cell is improved, the cost of the whole vehicle is greatly reduced, the working efficiency of the fuel cell is higher, the performance requirement is lower, the cold starting performance is better, the power cell not only brakes and recovers energy, but also utilizes a generator to generate electricity, the stored electricity quantity is faster and more, the peak power duration of the engine is long, the long-distance pure electric driving is realized, more energy is recovered, and the power performance and the economy of short-distance or urban electricity consumption, long-distance hybrid power and the like are higher according to different charging habits of users.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system, which comprises a hydrogen fuel cell controller, a hydrogen fuel cell system, a DC/DC converter, a DC/DC controller, a motor controller and a driving motor, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell controller, the hydrogen fuel cell system, the DC/DC converter, the DC/DC controller, the motor controller and the driving motor are sequentially and electrically connected;
the hybrid power system further comprises a vehicle-mounted charger, a generator and an engine mechanically connected with the generator, wherein the generator and a driving motor are mechanically connected with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism through a power coupler, driving wheels are mechanically connected to two sides of the rear axle speed reducing mechanism, the hydrogen fuel battery controller, the DC/DC controller, the battery management system and the motor controller are in communication connection with the whole vehicle controller, and the external charging port is in communication connection with the battery management system.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel cell controller converts the voltage of the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system through a DC/DC converter and then transmits the converted voltage to the motor controller, and the motor controller controls the driving motor, which is mechanically connected to the rear axle reduction mechanism through the power coupler to drive the wheels.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hydrogen fuel cell controller converts the voltage of the surplus electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system through the DC/DC converter, transmits the converted voltage to the power distribution cabinet, and transmits the converted voltage to the power battery to charge the power battery.
As a further scheme of the invention, the power battery transmits electric energy to the motor controller through the power distribution cabinet, the motor controller controls the driving motor, and the driving motor is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism through the power coupler so as to drive the driving wheels to run.
As a further scheme of the invention, the external charging port charges the power battery through the power distribution cabinet; and after the driving motor is braked and recovers electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted to the power distribution cabinet through the motor controller so as to charge the power battery.
As a further scheme of the invention, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electric energy generated by the generator is transmitted to the power battery through the power distribution cabinet to be stored; the engine is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism through the power coupler to drive wheels to run.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel cell controller transmits the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system to the motor controller through the DC/DC converter and the power battery together through the power distribution cabinet, the motor controller controls the driving motor, and the driving motor is mechanically connected to the rear axle speed reduction mechanism through the power coupler to drive the driving wheels.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hydrogen fuel cell controller converts the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system through a DC/DC converter and then transmits the electric energy to the motor controller, so as to control the driving motor and the engine to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism through the power coupler together to drive the wheels to run.
As a further scheme of the invention, the power battery transmits electric energy to the motor controller through the power distribution cabinet, controls the driving motor and the engine to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism through the power coupler together, and drives the wheels to run.
The invention also provides a passenger car with the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system, which comprises a car body, wherein the front part of the car body is provided with a control box, and a hydrogen fuel cell controller and a whole car controller are arranged in the control box; a hydrogen storage system is arranged in the middle of the vehicle body underframe and fixed by a first bolt, a hydrogen storage fire extinguisher is arranged above the hydrogen storage system, a communicating pipe is arranged between the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogenation port, and a hydrogen fuel cooling system is also arranged at the same time and fixed on the vehicle body underframe by a second bolt; the rear part of the vehicle body is provided with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism which is mechanically connected with wheels at two sides and a driving motor, a supporting beam of the universal bin is provided with a motor controller, a power coupler is arranged at the connecting part of the driving motor and an engine, the rear part of the vehicle body is also provided with an external charging port, and a power battery, a power distribution cabinet and a two-in-one controller are arranged on the external charging port;
the power distribution cabinet, the two-in-one controller, the DC/DC converter, the DC/DC conversion controller and the power battery management system are arranged on a third supporting beam; the rear tail of the car roof is provided with a hyperbaric chamber, a cooling fan and a fire extinguisher are arranged above the hyperbaric chamber, a vehicle-mounted charger is arranged close to the right side and is mechanically welded below the car roof through a fixed support, and a power battery fire extinguisher is arranged close to the left side; the power battery is arranged on the first supporting beam and the second supporting beam, an air filter is arranged below a fourth supporting beam arranged at the rear part of the vehicle body and fixed through a third bolt, an air compressor is arranged on a framework beam below the air filter and fixed through a fourth bolt, a hydrogen fuel cell system is arranged below the framework beam and fixed on a fixed support through a fifth bolt and a sixth bolt, a fixed plate is arranged on the fixed support, a driving motor and an engine are arranged on the right side of the fixed support, the driving motor and the engine are fixedly installed through a first fixed support and a second fixed support, and a generator is arranged on the framework beam on the rightmost side of the fixed support and fixed through a seventh bolt;
a hydrogen fuel cell system assembly is arranged at the rear tail of the vehicle body and comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system, the hydrogen fuel cell system is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an air compressor through an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe of the air compressor is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an air filter, the air inlet pipe of the air filter is communicated with a top air inlet pipe, a protective cover and a filter screen are arranged outside a port of the top air inlet pipe, and all gas-communicated hose joints are fixedly locked by a clamp;
the hydrogen storage system comprises a fixing frame, wherein the fixing frame is provided with four gas storage bottles, three vent valve pipes are arranged on the gas storage bottles, upper pipelines of the three vent valve pipes are fixed along an upper beam of the fixing frame by adopting fixing clamps, lower pipelines of the three vent valve pipes are fixed along a middle beam of the fixing frame by adopting fixing clamps, lower pipelines of the four gas storage bottles are connected by using a three-way pipe, a fixing support is arranged at the bottom of the fixing frame, the four gas storage bottles placed on the fixing support are fixed by adopting semicircular iron ring belts and through eighth bolts, a third communication pipe of the three vent valve pipes is closed, the lower pipelines are connected with an outer through pipe, the outer through pipe is respectively communicated with a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe through the three-way pipe, a pressure release valve is arranged on the gas outlet pipe and is communicated with a pressure release port through the gas pipe, and an air pressure sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a gas valve assembly are also arranged;
the hydrogen fuel cooling system comprises a fixed support, wherein four cooling fans are arranged on the fixed support and fixed through a ninth bolt, the fixed support is mechanically welded with the underframe of the vehicle body, and a fan controller and a temperature controller are further arranged on the left side of the fixed support.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the passenger car with the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system forms a driving mode in a diversified combination form, has high energy utilization rate and reduces economic cost;
2. the combination of the hydrogen fuel cell, the power cell and the generator solves the defect of insufficient power supply of auxiliary equipment, the heating of the hydrothermal management system and the fuel cell stack does not adopt an electric heating strategy any more, and the water circulation heating of the engine is adopted, so that the electric quantity is saved;
3. the combination mode of the hydrogen fuel cell, the power cell and the engine can adopt different combinations or single power output according to different working conditions, so that the total energy of the power system can be improved, the endurance mileage can be increased, and the energy utilization rate is high;
4. the high-power structural form of a single fuel cell greatly reduces the cost of the whole vehicle, and the fuel cell has high working efficiency, low performance requirement and good cold start performance;
5. the power battery not only brakes and recovers energy, but also utilizes the generator to generate electricity, and the stored electric quantity is faster and more; under the condition that the engine works, the engine is always controlled to be in a half-charging and half-discharging state, and neither overcharging nor overdischarging exists, so that the safety is high, and the service life is long;
6. under the condition that the engine works, the peak power duration of the engine is long, the oil saving rate is high, the long-distance pure electric vehicle can be realized, more energy can be recovered and generated, and the vehicle has the advantages of high dynamic performance and economical efficiency, such as short-distance or urban power utilization, long-distance hybrid power utilization and the like according to different charging habits of users.
7. The hydrogen fuel system is designed at the bottom, in order to maximize the utilization of space, and meanwhile, a protective cover at the top of the traditional hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and guard plates at two sides are removed, so that the preparation quality of the whole vehicle is reduced, the cost is saved, and the appearance of the vehicle body is more attractive;
drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a front view of the interior of a passenger vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right-side view of the interior of a passenger vehicle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a hydrogen fuel cell system assembly configuration within a vehicle body;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a hydrogen storage system in the vehicle body;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of the hydrogen storage system inside the vehicle body;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a hydrogen fuel cooling system in the interior of the vehicle body;
fig. 8 is a plan view of the hydrogen fuel cooling system inside the vehicle body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid system, which includes, as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen fuel cell controller 202, a hydrogen fuel cell system 19, a DC/DC converter 33, a DC/DC controller 203, a motor controller 4, and a drive motor 5 connected to a power coupler 105, which are electrically connected in this order. The motor controller 4 is electrically connected with a power distribution cabinet 8, an external charging port 11 and a power battery 7 in sequence. The hybrid power system further comprises a vehicle-mounted charger 32, a generator 35 and an engine 6 mechanically connected with the generator 35, wherein the generator 35 and the driving motor 5 are mechanically connected with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 through a power coupler 105, and two sides of the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 are mechanically connected with driving wheels 106. The hydrogen fuel cell controller 202, the DC/DC controller 203, the battery management system 34 and the motor controller 4 are in communication connection with the vehicle control unit 201, and the external charging port 11 is in communication connection with the battery management system 34.
The hydrogen fuel cell controller 202 converts the voltage of the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 by the DC/DC converter 33 and transmits the converted electric power to the motor controller 4, the motor controller 4 controls the driving motor 5, and the driving motor 5 is mechanically connected to the rear axle reduction mechanism 104 by the power coupler 105 to drive the driving wheels 106.
The hydrogen fuel cell controller 202 converts the excess electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 into voltage through the DC/DC converter 33, and transmits the voltage to the distribution cabinet 8, and then transmits the voltage to the power battery 7 to charge the power battery.
The power battery 7 transmits electric energy to the motor controller 4 through the power distribution cabinet 8, the motor controller 4 controls the driving motor 5, and the driving motor 5 is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 through the power coupler 105 to drive the driving wheels 106 to run.
The external charging port 11 charges the power battery 7 through the power distribution cabinet 8; after the driving motor 5 is braked and recovers energy, the energy is transmitted to a power distribution cabinet 8 through the motor controller 4 to charge a power battery 7.
The engine 6 drives the generator 35 to generate electricity, and the electric energy generated by the generator 35 is transmitted to the power battery 7 through the power distribution cabinet 8 to be stored; the engine 6 is mechanically connected to a rear axle reduction mechanism 104 via a power coupling 105, and drives wheels 106 to run.
The hydrogen fuel cell controller 202 transmits the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 to the motor controller 4 through the DC/DC converter 33 and the power battery 7 together through the power distribution cabinet 8, and controls the driving motor 5 to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 through the power coupler 105 to drive the wheels 106 to run.
The hydrogen fuel cell controller 202 transmits the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 to the motor controller 4 through the DC/DC converter 33, controls the driving motor 5 and the engine 6 to be mechanically connected to the rear axle reduction mechanism 104 through the power coupler 105, and drives the wheels 106 to run.
The power battery 7 transmits the electric quantity to the motor controller 4 through the power distribution cabinet 8, controls the driving motor 5 and the engine 6 to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 through the power coupler 105, and drives the wheels 106 to run.
The embodiment also provides a passenger car adopting the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system, as shown in fig. 2, which includes a car body 210, a control box 204 is arranged at the front part of the car body 210, and a hydrogen fuel cell controller 202 and a vehicle control unit 201 are arranged in the control box 204. The middle part of the vehicle body underframe 1 is provided with a hydrogen storage system 2 and fixed by a first bolt 101, and a hydrogen storage fire extinguisher 13 is arranged above the hydrogen storage system 2. A communicating pipe 102 is arranged between the hydrogen storage system 2 and the hydrogen adding port 10, and a hydrogen fuel cooling system 3 is also arranged at the same time, and the hydrogen fuel cooling system 3 is fixed on the vehicle body underframe 1 through a second bolt 103. The rear part of the vehicle body 210 is provided with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104, the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 is mechanically connected with the wheels 106 at two sides and the driving motor 5, and the supporting beam 12 of the universal bin 212 is provided with a motor controller 4. The connection part of the driving motor 5 and the engine 6 is provided with a power coupler 105, the rear part of the vehicle body 210 is also provided with an external charging port 11, and a power battery 7, a power distribution cabinet 8 and a two-in-one controller 9 are arranged on the external charging port.
As shown in fig. 3, a high-pressure cabin 213 is arranged at the rear end of the vehicle roof 29, a cooling fan 31 and a fire extinguisher 30 are arranged above the high-pressure cabin 213, a vehicle-mounted charger 32 is arranged near the right side, the vehicle-mounted charger 32 is mechanically welded below the vehicle roof 29 through a fixed bracket 28, a power battery fire extinguisher 27 is arranged near the left side, and a power distribution cabinet 8, a two-in-one controller 9, a DC/DC converter 33, a DC/DC conversion controller 203 and a power battery management system 34 are mounted on the third support beam 26. The power battery 7 is provided on the first support beam 24 and the second support beam 25. An air filter 23 is arranged below a fourth support beam 214 arranged at the rear part of the vehicle body 210, the air filter 23 is fixed through a third bolt 38, an air compressor 22 is arranged on a framework beam 215 below the air filter 23 and is fixed through a fourth bolt 216, a hydrogen fuel cell system 19 is arranged below the framework beam 215, the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 is fixed on a fixed support 21 through a fifth bolt 20 and a sixth bolt 17, a fixed plate 18 is arranged on the fixed support 16, a driving motor 5 and an engine 6 are arranged on the right side, the driving motor 5 and the engine 6 are fixedly installed through a first fixed support 14 and a second fixed support 15, and a generator 35 is arranged on a framework beam 36 on the rightmost side and is fixed through a seventh bolt 37.
As shown in fig. 4, the hydrogen fuel cell system assembly 217 at the rear end of the vehicle body 210 comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system 19, the hydrogen fuel cell system 19 is communicated with an air outlet pipe 218 of an air compressor 22 through an air inlet pipe 42, an air inlet pipe 41 of the air compressor 22 is communicated with an air outlet pipe 40 of an air filter 23, an air inlet pipe 39 of the air filter 23 is communicated with a top air inlet pipe 46, a protective cover 43 and a filter screen 44 are arranged outside a port of the top air inlet pipe 46, and all gas-communicated hose joints are fixedly locked by a clamp 45.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the hydrogen storage system 2 includes a fixing frame 48, the fixing frame 48 is provided with four air cylinders 219, the air cylinders 219 are provided with three air vent valve pipes 49, an upper pipe 50 of each air vent valve pipe 49 is fixed along an upper beam 52 of the fixing frame 48 by using a fixing clip 51, a lower pipe 47 is fixed along a middle beam 53 of the fixing frame 48 by using a fixing clip 51, the lower pipes 47 of the four air cylinders 219 are connected by using a three-way pipe 54, a fixing support 58 is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame 48, the four air cylinders 219 placed on the fixing support 58 are fixed by using a semicircular iron ring belt 59 and by using an eighth bolt 60, a third communicating pipe 64 of the three air vent valve pipes 49 is closed, the lower pipe 220 is connected with an outer communicating pipe 61, the outer communicating pipe 61 is respectively communicated with an air inlet pipe 67 and an air outlet pipe 68 by using a three-way pipe 69, a pressure release valve 62 is provided on the air outlet pipe 68 and is communicated with a pressure release port 70 by using an air pipe 71, an air pressure sensor 63, a hydrogen concentration sensor 65 and an air valve assembly 66 are also provided.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the hydrogen fuel cooling system 3 includes a fixing bracket 74, four cooling fans 73 are disposed on the fixing bracket 74 and fixed by ninth bolts 76, the fixing bracket 74 is mechanically welded to the vehicle body underframe 1, and a fan controller 72 and a temperature controller 75 are disposed on the left side of the fixing bracket 74.
The working principle of the passenger car with the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system is as follows:
1) the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage system 2 and the oxygen in the air are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell system 19 carried by a passenger car to generate electric energy, and the redundant electric energy flows to the power battery 7 to be stored; when the power is insufficient, the power battery 7 can output energy independently; when the hydrogen fuel is used up, the power battery 7 is directly charged by the external charging port 11; finally, various power energies enable the driving motor 5 to work, and mechanical energy generated by the driving motor 5 is transmitted to driving wheels 106 through a rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 to drive the passenger car to run;
2) when no hydrogen station or charging pile exists in the field, the engine 6 directly works, can be transmitted to the wheels 106 through the power coupler 105 through the rear axle speed reducing mechanism 104 to continuously drive the passenger car to run, and charges the power battery 7 by using the generator 6, so that the endurance mileage is greatly increased.
3) The control strategy of the system is different along with different combination structure forms of the power system and different driving modes, and the optimal energy distribution of three basic control targets of the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the driving range of a passenger car is followed in the running process of the vehicle; under severe working conditions, if the pure electric mode or the hydrogen fuel system is used for outputting power, the electric quantity and the hydrogen of the power battery are used too fast, and the working efficiency and the expected mileage are both low, so that the pure electric mode is used for outputting power when starting, the engine is supported to run when the rotating speed is stable, whether the pure electric mode is closed or not is judged according to the SOC charge state of the power battery, and if the SOC charge state is at the maximum value, the pure electric mode is preferentially used; on the contrary, the vehicle is driven to run by switching to the output power of the generator, the power can be generated by the generator and stored in the power battery, the energy utilization and distribution can be maximized, the hydrogen fuel cell system is not started, and the pure electric mode is switched into when good road conditions are met.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (1)
1. The passenger car using the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system is characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell controller (202), a hydrogen fuel cell system (19), a DC/DC converter (33), a DC/DC controller (203), a motor controller (4) and a driving motor (5) connected with a power coupler (105) which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the motor controller (4) is electrically connected with a power distribution cabinet (8), an external charging port (11) and a power cell (7) in sequence;
the hybrid power system further comprises a vehicle-mounted charger (32), a generator (35) and an engine (6) mechanically connected with the generator (35), wherein the generator (35) and a driving motor (5) are mechanically connected with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through a power coupler (105), two sides of the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) are mechanically connected with driving wheels (106), the hydrogen fuel cell controller (202), the DC/DC controller (203), the battery management system (34) and the motor controller (4) are in communication connection with the whole vehicle controller (201), and the external charging port (11) is in communication connection with the battery management system (34);
the hydrogen fuel cell controller (202) converts the voltage of the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) through a DC/DC converter (33) and then transmits the electric energy to the motor controller (4), the motor controller (4) controls the driving motor (5), and the driving motor (5) is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through a power coupler (105) to drive wheels (106) to run;
the hydrogen fuel cell controller (202) converts the redundant electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) through a DC/DC converter (33), transmits the voltage to a power distribution cabinet (8), and transmits the voltage to a power battery (7) to charge the power battery;
the power battery (7) transmits electric energy to the motor controller (4) through the power distribution cabinet (8), the motor controller (4) controls the driving motor (5), and the driving motor (5) is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through the power coupler (105) to drive wheels (106) to run;
the external charging port (11) charges the power battery (7) through the power distribution cabinet (8); after the driving motor (5) brakes and recovers electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted to a power distribution cabinet (8) through a motor controller (4) to charge a power battery (7);
the engine (6) drives the generator (35) to generate electricity, and electric energy generated by the generator (35) is transmitted to the power battery (7) through the power distribution cabinet (8) to be stored; the engine (6) is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through a power coupler (105) to drive wheels (106) to run;
the hydrogen fuel cell controller (202) transmits electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) to the motor controller (4) through the DC/DC converter (33) and the power battery (7) through the power distribution cabinet (8), the motor controller (4) controls the driving motor (5), and the driving motor (5) is mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through the power coupler (105) to drive wheels (106);
the hydrogen fuel cell controller (202) converts the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) through a DC/DC converter (33) and then transmits the electric energy to the motor controller (4), and controls the driving motor (5) and the engine (6) to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through a power coupler (105) together so as to drive wheels (106) to run;
the power battery (7) transmits electric energy to the motor controller (4) through the power distribution cabinet (8), controls the driving motor (5) and the engine (6) to be mechanically connected with the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) through the power coupler (105) together, and drives wheels (106) to run;
the passenger car of the hydrogen fuel cell series-parallel hybrid power system further comprises a car body (210), wherein a control box (204) is arranged at the front part of the car body (210), and a hydrogen fuel cell controller (202) and a whole car controller (201) are arranged in the control box (204); a hydrogen storage system (2) is arranged in the middle of the vehicle body underframe (1) and is fixed by a first bolt (101), a hydrogen storage fire extinguisher (13) is arranged above the hydrogen storage system (2), a communicating pipe (102) is arranged between the hydrogen storage system (2) and the hydrogen adding port (10), and a hydrogen fuel cooling system (3) is also arranged at the same time, and the hydrogen fuel cooling system (3) is fixed on the vehicle body underframe (1) by a second bolt (103); the rear part of the vehicle body (210) is provided with a rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104), the rear axle speed reducing mechanism (104) is mechanically connected with wheels (106) on two sides and a driving motor (5), a motor controller (4) is arranged on a supporting beam (12) of the universal bin (212), a power coupler (105) is arranged at the connecting part of the driving motor (5) and an engine (6), the rear part of the vehicle body (210) is also provided with an external charging port (11), and a power battery (7), a power distribution cabinet (8) and a two-in-one controller (9) are arranged on the external charging port;
the power distribution cabinet (8), the two-in-one controller (9), the DC/DC converter (33), the DC/DC conversion controller (203) and the power battery management system (34) are arranged on a third supporting beam (26); the rear tail of the car roof (29) is provided with a high-pressure cabin (213), a cooling fan (31) and a fire extinguisher (30) are arranged above the high-pressure cabin (213), a vehicle-mounted charger (32) is arranged close to the right side, the vehicle-mounted charger (32) is mechanically welded below the car roof (29) through a fixed support (28), and a power battery fire extinguisher (27) is arranged close to the left side; the power battery (7) is arranged on the first supporting beam (24) and the second supporting beam (25), an air filter (23) is arranged below a fourth supporting beam (214) arranged at the rear part of the vehicle body (210), the air filter (23) is fixed through a third bolt (38), an air compressor (22) is arranged on a framework beam (215) below the air filter (23) and is fixed through a fourth bolt (216), a hydrogen fuel cell system (19) is arranged below the framework beam (215), the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) is fixed on a fixed support (21) through a fifth bolt (20) and a sixth bolt (17), a fixed plate (18) is arranged on the fixed support (16), a driving motor (5) and an engine (6) are arranged on the right side of the fixed support, the driving motor (5) and the engine (6) are fixedly installed through a first fixed support (14) and a second fixed support (15), a generator (35) is arranged on the rightmost framework beam (36) and is fixed through a seventh bolt (37);
a hydrogen fuel cell system assembly (217) is arranged at the rear tail of the vehicle body (210), the hydrogen fuel cell system assembly (217) comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system (19), the hydrogen fuel cell system (19) is communicated with an air outlet pipe (218) of an air compressor (22) through an air inlet pipe (42), an air inlet pipe (41) of the air compressor (22) is communicated with an air outlet pipe (40) of an air filter (23), an air inlet pipe (39) of the air filter (23) is communicated with a top air inlet pipe (46), a protective cover (43) is arranged outside a port of the top air inlet pipe (46) and is provided with a filter screen (44), and all gas-communicated hose joints are fixedly locked by using a clamp (45);
the hydrogen storage system (2) comprises a fixing frame (48), the fixing frame (48) is provided with four air storage bottles (219), the air storage bottles (219) are provided with three vent valve pipes (49), an upper pipeline (50) of each three vent valve pipe (49) is fixed along an upper beam (52) of the fixing frame (48) by a fixing clamp (51), a lower pipeline (47) is fixed along a middle beam (53) of the fixing frame (48) by the fixing clamp (51), the lower pipelines (47) of the four air storage bottles (219) are connected by a three-way pipe (54), a fixing support (58) is arranged at the bottom of the fixing frame (48), the four air storage bottles (219) arranged on the fixing support (58) are fixed by semicircular iron ring belts (59) through eighth bolts (60), a third communicating pipe (64) of each three vent valve pipe (49) is closed, and the lower pipeline (220) is connected with an outer communicating pipe (61), the outer through pipe (61) is respectively communicated with an air inlet pipe (67) and an air outlet pipe (68) through a three-way pipe (69), the air outlet pipe (68) is provided with a pressure release valve (62) and is communicated with a pressure release port (70) through an air pipe (71), and the outer through pipe is also provided with an air pressure sensor (63), a hydrogen concentration sensor (65) and an air valve assembly (66);
the hydrogen fuel cooling system (3) comprises a fixed support (74), wherein four cooling fans (73) are arranged on the fixed support (74) and are fixed through ninth bolts (76), the fixed support (74) is mechanically welded with the underframe (1) of the vehicle body, and a fan controller (72) and a temperature controller (75) are further arranged on the left side of the fixed support (74).
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