CN108808884A - A kind of electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system - Google Patents

A kind of electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108808884A
CN108808884A CN201710298098.7A CN201710298098A CN108808884A CN 108808884 A CN108808884 A CN 108808884A CN 201710298098 A CN201710298098 A CN 201710298098A CN 108808884 A CN108808884 A CN 108808884A
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voltage
winding
circuit
energy
inductance
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CN201710298098.7A
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顾伟
云珂
朱莲莉
徐波
夏义
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201710298098.7A priority Critical patent/CN108808884A/en
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    • H02J5/005
    • H02J7/025

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the electromagnet coupling devices in a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system, including common frequency power network, rectification circuit, energy converter, compensation network, the energy control apparatus of electromagnetic coupling circuit and electric vehicle, alternating voltage is converted into DC voltage by the common frequency power network signal by rectification circuit by rectification circuit, then DC voltage is converted into high-frequency ac voltage by energy converter inversion, high-frequency ac voltage carries out the compensation of energy by compensation network, using electromagnetic coupling circuit, armature winding will generate alternating magnetic field in surrounding space, alternating voltage is correspondingly induced in secondary windings, the electric vehicle energy control device control signal of generation is for driving electric vehicle energy control device.Coupling of the present invention is good, and efficiency of transmission is high, and system stability is strong.

Description

A kind of electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of energy transfer, the electromagnet coupling dress in especially a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system It sets.
Background technology
With the oil-fired continuous deterioration increasingly in short supply and natural environment that globalizes, using on-vehicle battery group as power The electric vehicle in source becomes a kind of green traffic tool most with prospects, and in recent years, multinational government has put into effect various in succession Push Development of Electric Vehicles and universal preferential policy.Each automobile leading enterprise has successively formulated the electric vehicle of oneself both at home and abroad Development plan;Meanwhile a large amount of newborn enterprises are also continuously added in the R&D force of electric vehicle, to promote Development of Electric Vehicles It infuses new blood.However, charging problems but become the biggest problem of limitation Development of Electric Vehicles.
Electric vehicle is mainly using conduction power supply mode at present, however this charging modes have following drawback:Such as charge electricity Stream is big, heavy and unsightly, the security risks such as mechanical wear and electric leakage.Wireless charging technology can overcome above-mentioned drawback well User only needs to reach electric vehicle into specified charged area, and there is no directly electrical connections with power end for vehicle-mounted end, just It can charge to electric vehicle.The technology is known as stationary radio energy transmission technology.
However, electric vehicle static state wireless charging technology is restricted by the development of current power battery technology, there is as follows The problem of several aspects:
(1) course continuation mileage is short;
(2) the longer charging time;
(3) it frequently charges;
(4) battery pack is heavy, and complete vehicle quality improves, and reduces the bearing capacity of vehicle;
(5) the occupied space of battery pack is larger, and the effective rate of utilization of interior space reduces, and of high cost.
In this context, there has been proposed electric vehicle dynamic mode wireless power technologies.It is with non-contacting side Formula is that the electric vehicle in traveling provides energy supply in real time.Electric vehicle can be carried on a small quantity even without battery-mounted group, It solves the problems, such as course continuation mileage, while improving safety and the convenience of electric energy supply;And contribute to reduction electric vehicle initial Purchase cost solves it and is limited by the high cost problem of high capacity cell, pushes the marketization of electric vehicle.
But it there is no the electromagnet coupling device in a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system in the prior art.
Invention content
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the electromagnet coupling in a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system Device.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is:A kind of electromagnet coupling in electric motor car wireless charging system Device, including sequentially connected common frequency power network, rectification circuit, energy converter, compensation network, electromagnetic coupling circuit and electronic The energy control apparatus of vehicle, the common frequency power network transmit a signal to rectification circuit, and alternating voltage is converted into directly by rectification circuit Galvanic electricity pressure, is then transferred to energy converter by DC voltage, and DC voltage inversion is converted into high frequency by energy converter Alternating voltage is simultaneously transmitted to compensation network, and compensation network carries out energy compensating to voltage, then the voltage after compensation is transmitted Give electromagnetic coupling circuit;At this point, armature winding can generate alternating magnetic field in surrounding space, correspondingly induced in secondary windings Alternating voltage, generated electric vehicle energy control device control signal is for driving electric vehicle energy control device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is:1) present invention is made using full-bridge type inverter power converter System works under resonance condition, keeps power supply and the frequency transmitted between winding consistent, in high-power applications, not only provides Enough output powers also have corresponding output frequency.2) compensation network of the invention improves under electric vehicle dynamic mode Wireless power transmission performance compensates winding both sides.Make it that resonance occur under the working frequency of power supply, efficiency of transmission reaches To maximum.3) coupling performance of electromagnetic coupling mechanisms of the present invention is the key problem of dynamic mode wireless energy transfer system design The basis and.In the parallel dynamic radio energy transmission system of more armature windings of the present invention, coupling is good, and efficiency of transmission is high, is Stability of uniting is strong.4) primary and secondary winding of the present invention is separable loosely coupled transformer, there are larger air gap between winding, So transmission range is relatively long.5) the electromagnet coupling device essence in electric motor car wireless charging system of the invention is just Grade and the separable loosely coupled transformer of secondary windings, there are larger air gap between winding, part magnetic flux is only and a winding turns Chain and forms closed magnetic circuit not with another winding linkage by media such as air, therefore the leakage magnetic flux of transformer is larger, leads Cause leakage inductance larger (its inductance value is suitable with magnetizing inductance), the coefficient of coup relatively low, primary and secondary voltage and current relationship Not exclusively meet turn ratio relationship.But in more parallel dynamic radio energy transmission systems of armature winding, coupling is good, efficiency of transmission Height, system stability are strong.Just due to the electromagnet coupling device in this kind of electric motor car wireless charging system have the advantages that it is as above, The utilization rate of energy can not only be improved by, which being applied in radio energy transmission system, can also increase transmission range.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electromagnet coupling device composition frame chart in electric motor car wireless charging system.
Fig. 2 is the electromagnet coupling device schematic diagram in electric motor car wireless charging system.
Fig. 3 is reaction type PWM converter circuit diagram.
Fig. 4 is model when MOSFET is closed.
Fig. 5 is model when MOSFET is opened.
Representative meaning is numbered in figure is:1 is common frequency power network, and 2 be rectification circuit, and 3 be electrical energy changer, and 4 be benefit Network is repaid, 5 be electromagnetic coupling circuit, and 6 control signal for the energy control apparatus of electric vehicle.
Specific implementation mode
Electromagnet coupling device in a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system of the present invention, including sequentially connected power frequency The energy control apparatus 6 of power grid 1, rectification circuit 2, energy converter 3, compensation network 4, electromagnetic coupling circuit 5 and electric vehicle, The common frequency power network 1 transmits a signal to rectification circuit 2, and alternating voltage is converted into DC voltage by rectification circuit 2, then will be straight Galvanic electricity pressure is transferred to energy converter 3, energy converter 3 by DC voltage inversion be converted into high-frequency ac voltage and by its It is transferred to compensation network 4, compensation network 4 carries out energy compensating to voltage, then the voltage after compensation is transferred to electromagnetic coupling electricity Road 5;At this point, armature winding can generate alternating magnetic field in surrounding space, alternating voltage is correspondingly induced in secondary windings, institute The electric vehicle energy control device control signal of generation is for driving electric vehicle energy control device 6.
Second inductance L2, third inductance L3, the 4th inductance L4 are connected on two primary respectively in the electromagnetic coupling circuit 5 Side winding and primary side winding, first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3 be respectively be connected on two primary side windings and The internal resistance of primary side winding, I1, I2, I3 are respectively the current value of two primary side windings and primary side winding, and M12, M13, M23 divide Mutual inductance not between primary and secondary winding.
D1, D2, D3 and D4 constitute full-bridge circuit in the rectification circuit 2, and C4 is the input capacitance for being connected in parallel on full-bridge, L1 To be connected on the input inductance of full-bridge, Mos is the control Mos pipes for being connected in parallel on rectification circuit, and C0 is the voltage stabilizing for being connected in parallel on output end Capacitance, D5 are the diode between Mos pipes and C0.
First capacitance C1, the second capacitance C2, third capacitance C3 are the benefit of primary and secondary winding respectively in the compensation network 4 Repay capacitance.
The present invention is described in further detail below.
1. the electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system
There are many different coupled modes for electromagnetic coupling device, main difference is that primary and secondary winding connection type, the present invention Using using more armature windings parallel, circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
Common frequency power network signal 1, rectification circuit 2 (constitute full-bridge circuit, C4 is be connected in parallel on full-bridge defeated by D1, D2, D3 and D4 Enter capacitance, L1 is the input inductance for being connected on full-bridge, and Mos is the control Mos pipes for being connected in parallel on rectification circuit, and C0 is to be connected in parallel on output The electric capacity of voltage regulation at end, D5 are that the diode that Mos is managed between C0 is constituted), electrical transformation device 3 is (straight by power tube, diode The energy conversion device of galvanic electricity to high-frequency alternating current is constituted), compensation network 4 (is primary and secondary winding respectively by C1, C2, C3 Compensating electric capacity), electromagnetic coupling circuit 5 (it is respectively the self-induction for being connected on two primary side windings and primary side winding by L2, L3, L4, R1, R2, R3 are respectively the internal resistance for being connected on two primary side windings and primary side winding, and I1, I2, I3 are respectively two primary side windings With the current value of primary side winding, M12, M13, M23 are respectively the mutual inductance between primary and secondary winding), the energy hole of electric vehicle Device controls signal 5.
Main components:Rectification circuit diode, high-frequency inverter circuit power amplifier, compensation network capacitance, electromagnetism coupling Close circuit multi-primary transformers, resistance.
For electromagnetic coupling device in order to realize the output of maximal efficiency, stability is good, must be first-class in coupling:
The principal element for influencing coupling performance is shape and geometric parameter, the magnetic conductivity of medium between Yi Jiyuan, secondary windings, Inductance value, equivalent resistance and itself natural resonance frequency of winding itself are all important parameter simultaneously.It is larger in order to obtain Efficiency of transmission needs to select suitable winding shape and size.
2. rectification circuit and electrical energy changer design
There are two main classes for power inverter in electric vehicle dynamic mode radio energy transmission system, and a part is to be used for In addition the high frequency rectifying device of AC-DC is the high-frequency ac power for driving armature winding.System can high efficiency of transmission depend on Whether system works under resonance condition, to keep power supply and the frequency transmitted between winding consistent, especially be answered high-power It uses, enough output powers to be not only provided, also there is corresponding output frequency, thus high frequency electric source is that whole device is set One ring of key of meter.It can realize that the major way of large power supply has oscillatory type, inverter circuit under megahertz rank at present And power amplifier.Meanwhile some insignificant parasitic parameters at a lower frequency, the performance of circuit will be generated in high frequency Vortex, leakage inductance, the AC impedance of conducting wire and the distribution capacity of great influence, especially electromagnetic device, in high and low frequency following table Now all it is very different.Since the transimission power that electric vehicle dynamic mode power supply system requires is larger, while by power electronics The limitation of device, for system operating frequency generally in tens kHz to thousands of kHz etc., frequency is higher, and powerful output is just more difficult to It realizes, therefore is more suitable for using inverter circuit, analysis from now on is all based on inversion expansion.In order to simultaneously meet output power and Frequency is controllable, and design at present uses full bridge inversion circuit.
3. compensation network
In order to improve wireless power transmission performance under electric vehicle dynamic mode, need to compensate winding both sides.Make Resonance occurs in it under the working frequency of power supply, and efficiency of transmission reaches maximum.Capacitance compensation is generally used, series compensation is will be electric Appearance is connected with the inductance of winding, and shunt compensation is the both sides that capacitance is connected in parallel on to winding equivalent inductance, primary and secondary to have Series connection and shunt compensation two ways, many of method can be combined arbitrarily, and there are four types of common basic compensation networks, i.e.,;SS, SP、PS、PP。
For electronic dynamic mode radio energy transmission system, the sides " can be achieved on electrical supply rail and run for electric vehicle While filling ", but since the relative position of the secondary windings of vehicle-mounted end and the energy transmitting guide rail for being embedded in subsurface is variation, deposit It is bringing the result is that the coefficient of coup k of system changes in randomness;And it is electronic on one section of energy transmitting guide rail The quantity of automobile is uncertain, so the load of system is to change.In conclusion more parallel dynamics of armature winding supply Electric system should use SS compensation topologies.
4. electromagnetic coupling circuit
Traditional multiwinding transformer is in close coupling state, around there are one armature winding and several secondary windings on iron core Become skin device.Air gap between primary and secondary winding is smaller, and leakage inductance is much smaller than magnetizing inductance, and between primary and secondary winding Mutual inductance is larger, the coefficient of coup is higher, and the voltage and current of primary and secondary meets corresponding turn ratio relationship respectively.Such case Under, analyze and can ignore when calculating the influence of leakage inductance.
And the electromagnetic coupling mechanisms in dynamic mode radio energy transmission system, essence are that primary and secondary winding is separable Loosely coupled transformer, there are larger air gap between winding, part magnetic flux only and a winding linkage, not with another winding turns Chain, and form closed magnetic circuit by media such as air, therefore the leakage magnetic flux of transformer is larger, cause leakage inductance it is larger (its inductance value with Magnetizing inductance is suitable), the coefficient of coup it is relatively low, primary and secondary voltage and current relationship not exclusively meet turn ratio relationship. When with voltage and current relationship of traditional multiwinding transformer model to describe loosely coupled transformer primary and secondary winding, need Leakage inductance and magnetizing inductance are separated to consider, therefore the inconvenient analysis for loosely coupled transformer.
The mutual inductance equivalent model of Multiple coil loosely coupled transformer is analyzed using the concept of reflecting voltage and induced voltage Primary and the secondary coupled relation around elder sister, i.e., analyze the coupling of primary and secondary windings using mutual inductance parameter Relationship.When being analyzed, the magnetizing inductance of transformer and leakage inductance are integrated into the inductance value of primary and secondary windings, Calculating is no longer distinguished, therefore using cross high cumulant Multiple coil loosely coupled transformer analyze relatively easy.
Design of transformer in flyback converter under continuous conduction mode
The practical consideration of design of transformer
Transformer is element mostly important in inverse-excitation type converter.Its effect has DC isolation, AC coupled, voltage Transformation and magnetic energy storage.When the magnetic energy of transformer increases, electric current is flowed in armature winding, and magnetic energy reduces, and electric current is in secondary Winding flows.Therefore the transformer in inverse-excitation type converter plays a part of storing inductance and magnetic energy transmission, is also used as transformation Device provides DC isolation, AC coupled and the conversion of Current Voltage.
Armature winding should be since skeleton innermost layer around can reduce the length of line in this way so that the copper of armature winding Loss reaches minimum.In addition, because secondary windings is as Faraday shield, EMI noise radiation can also reduce, and armature winding is most Inner layer should connect with the drain electrode of power MOSFET, to which the shielding with ceiling voltage coil brought by secondary windings can most Greatly.In multiple-channel output transformer, the secondary windings of peak power output should be placed near one layer of armature winding, can be protected in this way Card preferably couples and reduces leakage inductance.If secondary winding turns are less, coil should be made to be dispersed throughout the width of entire window So that the coefficient of coup maximizes.If secondary winding turns are less and are coiled by line, coiling should be since flat bed along window Mouth width degree is around to increase the coefficient of coup, reduce approach effect.
The transformer area to work under square-wave voltage
It is by the window area of maximum current density limitation in winding wire
Assuming that winding area is assigned as NpAwp=NsAws, then window area be
The cross-sectional area of magnetic core should be
Therefore show that the area product of magnetic core is
Voltage is that the cross-sectional area of magnetic core needed for the transformer of square wave is
Therefore, the area product of magnetic core is
Area area method
For continuous conduction mode, the electric induction in PWM converter meets following condition:
1. requiring L > L when being continuously turned on workmin
2.Bmax< BsOr λmax< λs.For FERRITE CORE, in room temperature, Bs< 0.5T;At T=100 DEG C, Bs =0.3T.
3.PL< PL(max).Because of PL≈Pw=PrL,rL< rLmax
4.Jmax< JMAX.Its representative value is JMAX=0.1~5A/mm2
The peak of alternating component-peak delta i in inductive currentLThe amplitude of caused exchange flux is generally direct current flux Sub-fraction.It is superimposed upon DC current I in many cases,LOn AC inductance electric current it is too small, to not interfere with single line Overall current density.
The present invention using full-bridge type inverter power converter make system work under resonance condition, keep power supply and transmission around Frequency between group is consistent, in high-power applications, not only provides enough output powers, also has corresponding output frequency.

Claims (4)

1. the electromagnet coupling device in a kind of electric motor car wireless charging system, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected work Frequency power grid (1), rectification circuit (2), energy converter (3), compensation network (4), electromagnetic coupling circuit (5) and electric vehicle energy Amount control device (6), the common frequency power network (1) transmit a signal to rectification circuit (2), and rectification circuit (2) turns alternating voltage It changes DC voltage into, DC voltage is then transferred to energy converter (3), energy converter (3) is inverse by DC voltage Change is converted into high-frequency ac voltage and is transmitted to compensation network (4), and compensation network (4) carries out energy compensating to voltage, then Voltage after compensation is transferred to electromagnetic coupling circuit (5);At this point, armature winding can generate alternating magnetic field, phase in surrounding space Alternating voltage is induced in secondary windings with answering, generated electric vehicle energy control device control signal is electronic for driving Vehicle energy control apparatus (6).
2. the electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The second inductance (L2), third inductance (L3), the 4th inductance (L4) are connected on two primary sides respectively in the electromagnetic coupling circuit (5) stated Winding and primary side winding, first resistor (R1), second resistance (R2), 3rd resistor (R3) be respectively be connected on two primary sides around The internal resistance of group and primary side winding, I1, I2, I3 are respectively the current value of two primary side windings and primary side winding, M12, M13, M23 is respectively the mutual inductance between primary and secondary winding.
3. the electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute D1, D2, D3 and D4 constitute full-bridge circuit in the rectification circuit (2) stated, and C4 is the input capacitance for being connected in parallel on full-bridge, and L1 is to be connected on The input inductance of full-bridge, Mos are the control Mos pipes for being connected in parallel on rectification circuit, and C0 is the electric capacity of voltage regulation for being connected in parallel on output end, and D5 is Mos manages the diode between C0.
4. the electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The first capacitance (C1), the second capacitance (C2), third capacitance (C3) are the compensation of primary and secondary winding respectively in the compensation network (4) stated Capacitance.
CN201710298098.7A 2017-04-30 2017-04-30 A kind of electromagnet coupling device in electric motor car wireless charging system Pending CN108808884A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109256823A (en) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-22 南京理工大学 A kind of novel control device in wireless charging system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101789637A (en) * 2010-02-26 2010-07-28 南京博兰得电子科技有限公司 Inductive coupling type electric energy transmission device
CN204304626U (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-04-29 中国矿业大学 A kind of distributed magnetic path non-contact electric energy transmission system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101789637A (en) * 2010-02-26 2010-07-28 南京博兰得电子科技有限公司 Inductive coupling type electric energy transmission device
CN204304626U (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-04-29 中国矿业大学 A kind of distributed magnetic path non-contact electric energy transmission system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109256823A (en) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-22 南京理工大学 A kind of novel control device in wireless charging system

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