CN108742547B - Method and device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information - Google Patents

Method and device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information Download PDF

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CN108742547B
CN108742547B CN201810657651.6A CN201810657651A CN108742547B CN 108742547 B CN108742547 B CN 108742547B CN 201810657651 A CN201810657651 A CN 201810657651A CN 108742547 B CN108742547 B CN 108742547B
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李莹光
涂圣贤
余炜
林晓杰
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Shanghai Bodong Medical Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention providesThere is provided a method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising the steps of: receiving anatomical data and a geometric model of a portion of a vessel segment; acquiring the blood flow velocity V of a blood flow model of the region of interest according to the anatomical data and by combining the individual specific data; establishing a cross-sectional shape model of the target blood vessel at each position between a near-end terminal point and a far-end terminal point; calculating a morphological difference function f (x) of the target vessel lumen; calculating to obtain a first pressure difference deltaP based on the morphological difference function f (x) and the blood flow velocity V0(ii) a First pressure differential Δ P based on patient smoking history information0A correction is made to obtain the second pressure difference ap. The method is based on the morphological difference function f (x), the influence of plaque information on the blood vessel pressure difference is determined, the blood viscosity u and the deviation correction parameter k are introduced based on the smoking history information of the patient, and the first pressure difference delta P to the patient is obtained0And correcting to obtain the second pressure difference delta P, so that the calculation accuracy of the pressure difference is improved.

Description

Method and device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomedicine, in particular to a method and a device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information.
Background
The deposition of lipids and carbohydrates in human blood on the vessel wall will form plaques on the vessel wall, which in turn leads to vessel stenosis; especially, the blood vessel stenosis near the coronary artery of the heart can cause insufficient blood supply of cardiac muscle, induce diseases such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and the like, and cause serious threat to the health of human beings. According to statistics, about 1100 million patients with coronary heart disease in China currently have the number of patients treated by cardiovascular interventional surgery increased by more than 10% every year.
Although conventional medical detection means such as coronary angiography CAG, Computed Tomography (CT), OCR, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and the like can display the severity of coronary stenosis of the heart, the ischemia of the coronary cannot be accurately evaluated. In order to improve the accuracy of coronary artery function evaluation, Pijls in 1993 proposes a new index for estimating coronary artery function through pressure measurement, namely Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR), and the FFR becomes the gold standard for coronary artery stenosis function evaluation through long-term basic and clinical research.
The Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) generally refers to the fractional flow reserve of myocardium, and is defined as the ratio of the maximum blood flow provided by a diseased coronary artery to the maximum blood flow when the coronary artery is completely normal. Namely, the FFR value can be measured and calculated by measuring the pressure at the position of the coronary stenosis and the pressure at the position of the coronary stenosis under the maximal hyperemia state of the coronary artery through a pressure sensor. In recent years, the method for measuring the FFR value based on the pressure guide wire gradually enters clinical application and becomes an effective method for obtaining accurate diagnosis for patients with coronary heart disease; however, pressure guidewires are prone to damage to the patient's blood vessels during the intervention; meanwhile, when the FFR value is measured through the pressure guide wire, drugs such as adenosine/ATP and the like need to be injected to ensure that the coronary artery reaches the maximum hyperemia state, and part of patients feel uncomfortable due to the injection of the drugs, so that the method for measuring the FFR value based on the pressure guide wire has great limitation. In addition, although the measurement of FFR based on pressure guide wire guidance is an important indicator of coronary stenosis hemodynamics, the popularization and application of the method for measuring FFR based on pressure guide wire is severely limited due to the high cost of the pressure guide wire and the difficulty in operation of interventional vascular procedures.
At present, the difference of geometric parameters of the cross section forms of the vessel lumens of a proximal end point and a distal end point is obtained based on the geometric parameters of a target vessel, only the form difference of real lumens of the proximal end point and the distal end point is considered, then the difference is expressed by the geometric parameters, the geometric parameters are simplified into the change of area/diameter, when the areas of the two lumens are the same, the obtained differential derivative is 0, the pressure difference is considered to be 0, and the influence of plaque information on the pressure difference is ignored. For example, it is possible that the area change of the cross section between adjacent layers is 0, but the position of the patch is different, that is, the morphological difference is not 0, and thus the FFR value may not be 0, that is, the patch information affects the accuracy of the FFR value.
In addition, because there are about 200 more known toxins in tobacco smoke, such as: benzene, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, tobacco tar and nicotine are substances which have influences on blood fat and blood viscosity. Nicotine can increase blood carbon monoxide, increase blood LDL-C, and reduce HDL-C, and can cause atherosclerosis; rutin protein in tar can increase blood platelet, increase blood platelet aggregation, increase fibrinogen to increase blood viscosity, and blood viscosity change can affect pressure difference. For all blood flow models, when the blood viscosity is high, the energy loss of blood passing through the position of a stenosis is large, the pressure difference becomes large, the adoption of the blood viscosity of normal people can cause the pressure difference underestimation, and the accuracy of the pressure difference calculation is reduced.
In view of the above, it is necessary to design a method and apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information and a device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information, which can improve the accuracy of test results.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising the steps of:
receiving anatomical data of a part of a blood vessel section, and acquiring a geometric model of a region of interest according to the anatomical data;
acquiring a blood flow model of the region of interest according to the anatomical data and by combining the individual specific data;
preprocessing the geometric model, and establishing a cross section morphological model of the target blood vessel at each position between a near-end terminal point and a far-end terminal point;
fitting the cross section shape models under different scales by taking a near-end endpoint of the target blood vessel as a reference point, and calculating a shape difference function f (x) of the lumen of the target blood vessel, wherein the scale is the distance between two adjacent cross sections when the shape difference function f (x) is calculated;
calculating and obtaining a first pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel based on the morphological difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel lumen and a blood flow model0；
The first pressure difference Δ P based on the smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel, wherein the second pressure difference delta P is different from the first pressure difference delta P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure BDA0001701980550000031
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0The correction coefficient k is the blood viscosity of a normal person, k is the correction coefficient, e is a natural constant, and preferably, the value range of the correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38.
As a further development of the invention, the first pressure difference value Δ P0Satisfies the following relation:
ΔP0＝(c1V+c2V2+c3V3+…+cmVm)*(α1*∫f1(x)dx+α2*∫f2(x)dx
+…+αn*∫fn(x)dx)
wherein V is a blood flow velocity, which is directly/indirectly obtained by the blood flow model, and the blood flow velocity V may be a constant; c. C1、c2、c3、…、cmParameter coefficients respectively representing the blood flow velocity V; f is1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) Is a morphological difference function of different scales; n is different scales and is a natural number more than or equal to 1; alpha is alpha1、α2、…、αnAre respectively f1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) M is a positive integer of 1 or more.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the normal human blood viscosity u0Is an empirical value; or the blood viscosity u of the patient is obtained by measurement.
As a further development of the invention, the function f of the morphological difference isn(x) For detecting adjacent lumen cross-sectional shapes caused by nth lesion featuresAnd the geometric parameters corresponding to the state difference.
As a further development of the invention, the geometric parameters comprise the morphology of the cross-section of each vessel segment at the proximal end point in the region of interest, the morphology of the cross-section of each vessel segment at the distal end point in the region of interest, and the morphology of the cross-section of each vessel segment at each cross-section between the proximal end point and the distal end point in the region of interest, the morphology of the cross-section comprising at least the geometry, area, diameter or plaque information of the cross-section.
As a further improvement of the invention, the blood flow model comprises a fixed blood flow model and an individualized blood flow model, and the individualized blood flow model comprises a resting state blood flow model and a loaded state blood flow model.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the blood flow model includes a blood flow velocity V; when the blood flow model is a resting state blood flow model, the blood flow velocity V can be obtained by calculating the filling velocity of the fluid in the blood vessel section; or obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree; when the blood flow velocity V is obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree, the geometric parameters further include one or more of the length, perfusion area, and branch angle of the vessel segment in the vessel tree.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing geometric parameters and patient-specific data of a region of interest in an anatomical model of a part of a blood vessel section;
a blood flow feature processor for establishing a geometric model and a blood flow model of the region of interest based on the geometric parameters and the patient-specific data;
the blood flow characteristic processor is further used for acquiring a cross section morphology model and a pressure difference calculation model of the target blood vessel at each position between the near end terminal point and the far end terminal point based on the geometric model and the blood flow model; meanwhile, target blood in the region of interest is obtained according to the pressure difference calculation model and the hemodynamicsFirst pressure difference deltap between any two positions of the tube0；
The blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to determine the first pressure difference Δ Ρ based on a smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel;
the second pressure difference Δ P and the first pressure difference Δ P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure BDA0001701980550000051
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0The correction coefficient k is the blood viscosity of a normal person, k is the correction coefficient, e is a natural constant, and the value range of the correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to obtain a blood viscosity u of the patient; or the device for acquiring the pressure difference based on the smoking history information further comprises a speed collector, wherein the speed collector is used for acquiring the blood flow speed V of the region of interest.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the speed collector comprises a speed calculation module and a speed extraction module; the speed extraction module can directly acquire the blood flow speed V through the data acquisition unit and can also directly extract the blood flow speed V through the blood flow model; the speed calculation module also comprises a speed conversion module and a speed measurement module; the blood flow velocity can be obtained by converting the filling velocity of the fluid in the blood vessel section through the velocity conversion module, and can also be obtained by measuring and calculating the shape of the blood vessel tree through the velocity measuring and calculating module, wherein the shape of the blood vessel tree at least comprises one or more of the volume, the area and the length of the blood vessel tree and the diameter of a lumen in the blood vessel tree.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for acquiring the pressure difference based on the smoking history information, disclosed by the invention, is based on the morphological difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel, the influence of plaque information in the stenosis on the pressure difference of the blood vessel is determined, and meanwhile, the method is based on the smoking history of a patientIntroducing the blood viscosity u and the correction parameter k into the information, and measuring the first pressure difference delta P of the patient0The correction is performed to obtain the second pressure difference Δ P, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the pressure difference.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of the apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to the present invention.
FIG. 2a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a target blood vessel.
Fig. 2b is a schematic cross-sectional area of another location in the target vessel.
Fig. 2c is a schematic cross-sectional area obtained by fitting fig. 2a and 2 b.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a method for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information, which comprises the following steps:
receiving anatomical data of a part of a blood vessel section, and acquiring a geometric model of a region of interest according to the anatomical data;
acquiring a blood flow model of the region of interest according to the anatomical data and by combining the individual specific data;
preprocessing the geometric model, and establishing a cross section morphological model of the target blood vessel at each position between a near-end terminal point and a far-end terminal point;
fitting the cross section shape models under different scales by taking a near-end endpoint of the target blood vessel as a reference point, and calculating a shape difference function f (x) of the lumen of the target blood vessel, wherein the scale is the distance between two adjacent cross sections when the shape difference function f (x) is calculated;
calculating to obtain a first pressure difference delta P based on the morphological difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel lumen and a blood flow model0；
The first pressure difference Δ P based on the smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel, wherein the second pressure difference delta P is different from the first pressure difference delta P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure BDA0001701980550000061
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0The correction coefficient k is an empirical value, preferably, the value range of the correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38, and u is a natural constant0Are empirical values.
The blood viscosity u of the patient is obtained by measurement.
Wherein the first pressure difference Δ P0Satisfies the following relation:
ΔP0＝(c1V+c2V2+c3V3+…+cmVm)*(α1*∫f1(x)dx+α2*∫f2(x)dx
+…+αn*∫fn(x)dx)
wherein V is a blood flow velocity, which is directly/indirectly obtained by the blood flow model, and the blood flow velocity V may be a constant; c. C1、c2、c3、…、cmParameter coefficients respectively representing the blood flow velocity V; alpha is alpha1、α2、…、αnAre respectively provided withIs f1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) M is a positive integer of 1 or more. F is1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) Is a morphological difference function of different scales; n is a different scale, a natural number greater than or equal to 1, i.e., a different resolution.
The different dimensions include a first dimension, a second dimension, …, an nth dimension.
The first scale morphological difference function f1(x) The method is used for detecting geometric parameters corresponding to the difference of the cross section forms of adjacent lumens caused by the first lesion feature; the second scale morphological difference function f2(x) The geometric parameters are used for detecting the geometric parameters corresponding to the difference of the cross section forms of the adjacent lumens caused by the second lesion characteristics; accordingly, the morphological difference function fn(x) The method is used for detecting the geometric parameters corresponding to the difference of the cross section shapes of the adjacent lumens caused by the nth lesion characteristics. The function f of morphological differences caused by the nth lesion feature isn(x) It is meant that different lesion ranges correspond to different scales, for example: localized lesions affect the local, diffuse lesions affect the global, etc.
The establishment of the cross section shape model comprises the following steps:
s1, defining the cross section of the target blood vessel at the proximal end endpoint as a reference surface, and obtaining a central radial line of the geometric model through a central line extraction and establishment method;
s2, establishing a coordinate system by taking the central point of the reference surface as an origin, segmenting the target blood vessel along the direction perpendicular to the central radial line, projecting the inner and outer edges of each cross section in the coordinate system to obtain plane geometric images of the lumen cross section of the target blood vessel at each position, and finishing the establishment of the cross section morphological model.
Specifically, the cross-sectional morphology model includes plaque information at each cross-sectional position, the plaque information is lesion information of a target blood vessel, and a large amount of data indicates that: when the length of the plaque (namely the lesion) is more than 20mm, the blood pressure difference of the target blood vessel is increased, and further the calculation of a blood flow characteristic value such as a Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) is subjected to error; when the composition of the plaque at the same cross section is complex or the size is too large, so that the stenosis rate of the target blood vessel is high, the pressure difference of the target blood vessel is further increased; meanwhile, when the plaque is at different positions, different target coronary perfused myocardial area areas will cause the ratio of the lesion position to the non-lesion position to change, further affecting the blood flow velocity V, thereby causing the deviation of the target blood vessel pressure difference.
Therefore, when the cross-sectional morphology model is established, the plaque information further includes the existence of the plaque, the position of the plaque, the size of the plaque, the composition of the plaque and the change of the composition of the plaque, and the shape of the plaque and the change of the shape of the plaque, and in the present invention, the plane geometric image of the lumen cross-section at each position needs to be taken as a reference by the coordinate system established in step S2 to specify the position of the plaque on each cross-section, so as to facilitate the subsequent fitting of the cross-sectional morphology model.
The method for acquiring the blood vessel pressure difference further comprises the step of fitting the cross section shape models under different scales, and calculating a shape difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel lumen. Wherein the morphological difference function f (x) is a function representing the cross-sectional morphological change of the target vessel at different positions as a function of the distance x from the position to the reference point; and the obtaining of the morphological difference function f (x) comprises:
establishing a shape function of each cross section based on the cross section shape model;
fitting the morphological functions of two adjacent cross sections, and acquiring difference change functions of the two adjacent cross sections under different scales;
and taking the proximal end point of the target blood vessel as a reference point, acquiring the change rate of the lumen form along with the distance x from the reference point according to the difference change function, and normalizing the position parameters of the target blood vessel in the range from the proximal end point to the distal end point to finally acquire a form difference function f (x).
The shape function comprises an area function, a diameter function or an edge distance function, namely, the difference change function of two adjacent cross sections under different scales can be obtained through fitting among the area, the diameter or the edge distance function of each cross section in the invention; further, the change rate of the lumen morphology along with the distance x from the reference point is obtained through a difference change function, and a morphology difference function f (x) is obtained.
Referring to fig. 2a to 2c, the processing procedure of the morphological difference function f (x) is illustrated as the change of the cross-sectional area of the lumen of the target blood vessel: fitting two cross-sectional shape models of adjacent layers of the target blood vessel, wherein when the cross-sectional area of one lumen of the adjacent layers is increased by a region A1, corresponding to an area S1, the cross-sectional area of the other lumen of the adjacent layers is decreased by a region A2, corresponding to an area S2, the two portions S1 and S2 are non-overlapping portions of the adjacent lumens, and the remaining adjacent lumens are overlapped by a region A3, having an area S3, then f (x) can be expressed as: (x) is (S1+ S2)/(S1+ S2+ S3). It can be seen that if the lumen morphology of adjacent layers is the same, S1 ═ S2 ═ 0, and f (x) ═ 0, otherwise f (x) > 0. Therefore, based on the morphological difference, the influence of the plaque position on the blood vessel pressure difference is determined, the influence of the plaque position on the blood vessel pressure difference in the traditional method is avoided, and the accuracy of the pressure difference delta P is improved. Of course, the representation of the change in cross-sectional area is merely a representation of one geometric parameter, and many other representations are possible. For example: the distance between each point of the blood vessel boundary and the corresponding point of the adjacent layer can also be represented. Two cross sections with identical shapes have a distance of 0, while the shapes are different, even if the areas are identical, and the distance between corresponding points is greater than 0.
Wherein the geometric model comprises at least one vessel tree comprising an aorta or comprising an aorta and a plurality of coronary arteries emanating from the aorta; or the geometric model can also be at least one single branch vessel section.
The geometric parameters include the morphology of the cross-section at the proximal end point of each vessel segment in the region of interest, the morphology of the cross-section at the distal end point of each vessel segment in the region of interest, and the morphology of the cross-section at each cross-section between the proximal end point and the distal end point of each vessel segment in the region of interest.
The morphology of the cross-section includes at least geometry, area, diameter, or plaque information of the cross-section.
The blood flow model comprises a fixed blood flow model and an individualized blood flow model. In the present invention, the blood flow model further includes a blood flow velocity V, and when the blood flow model is a fixed blood flow model, the blood flow velocity V is obtained empirically.
The personalized blood flow model comprises a resting state blood flow model and a loaded state blood flow model; when the blood flow model is a resting state blood flow model, i.e. the patient is in a non-congestive state, the operator can see the process of fluid filling in the vessel segment on the coronary angiographic image, and thus the blood flow velocity V can be calculated from the velocity of fluid filling in the vessel segment. Specifically, the average flowing speed of the contrast agent of the target blood vessel in the coronary angiography process is obtained by utilizing a gray-scale time fitting function, or the average flowing speed of the contrast agent of the target blood vessel in the coronary angiography process is calculated by utilizing a TIMI frame counting method; and obtaining the maximum blood flow velocity Vmax by a table look-up method according to the obtained average blood flow velocity V. It should be understood that the blood flow velocity V may also be obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree. When the blood flow velocity V is obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree, the geometric parameters further include one or more of perfusion area and branch angle of the vessel segment in the vessel tree.
When the blood flow model is a loading state blood flow model, i.e., the patient is in a maximal hyperemic state (e.g., the patient is hyperemic with a microcirculation extender), the blood flow rate can be obtained according to the obtained blood flow rate V of the blood flow model of the patient.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first pressure difference Δ P0And may be independent of the blood flow velocity V, when the first pressure difference ap is present0The calculation formula at different scales is:
ΔP0＝k*[α1*∫f1(x)dx+α2*∫f2(x)dx+…+αn*∫fn(x)dx]
where k is a correction parameter, and k is a constant that is a value directly/indirectly obtained based on the individual information. (ii) a
α1、α2、…、αnRespectively is a function f of the morphological difference of the vessel lumen under different scales1(x)、f2(x)、…、fn(x) The weighting coefficient of (2). The present invention also provides a device for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing geometric parameters and patient-specific data of a region of interest in an anatomical model of a part of a blood vessel section;
a blood flow feature processor for establishing a geometric model and a blood flow model of the region of interest based on the geometric parameters and the patient-specific data;
the blood flow characteristic processor is further used for acquiring a cross section morphology model and a pressure difference calculation model of the target blood vessel at each position between the near end terminal point and the far end terminal point based on the geometric model and the blood flow model; meanwhile, according to the pressure difference calculation model and the hemodynamics, a first pressure difference delta P between any two positions of a target blood vessel of the region of interest is obtained0；
The blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to determine the first pressure difference Δ Ρ based on a smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel;
the second pressure difference Δ P and the first pressure difference Δ P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure BDA0001701980550000111
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0The correction coefficient k is the blood viscosity of a normal person, k is the correction coefficient, e is a natural constant, and preferably, the value range of the correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38.
The blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to obtain a blood viscosity u of the patient.
The device for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information further comprises a speed collector, wherein the speed collector is used for acquiring the blood flow speed V of the region of interest.
The speed collector comprises a speed calculation module and a speed extraction module; the speed extraction module can directly acquire the blood flow speed V through the data acquisition unit and can also directly extract the blood flow speed V through the blood flow model.
The speed calculation module also comprises a speed conversion module and a speed measurement module; the blood flow velocity V can be obtained by converting the filling velocity of the fluid in the blood vessel section through the velocity conversion module, and can also be obtained by measuring and calculating the shape of the blood vessel tree through the velocity measuring and calculating module, wherein the shape of the blood vessel tree at least comprises one or more of the volume, the area and the length of the blood vessel tree and the diameter of a lumen in the blood vessel tree.
In summary, the method for acquiring pressure difference based on smoking history information of the present invention defines the influence of plaque information in stenosis on the pressure difference of blood vessels based on the morphological difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel, and introduces the blood viscosity u and the correction parameter k based on the smoking history information of the patient, and applies the first pressure difference Δ P to the patient0And correcting to obtain the second pressure difference delta P, so that the accuracy of the second pressure difference delta P is improved, the accuracy of the FFR value obtained based on the second pressure difference delta P is improved, and the reference value of the obtained FFR value in clinical medical treatment is increased.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising the steps of:
receiving anatomical data of a part of a blood vessel section, and acquiring a geometric model of a region of interest according to the anatomical data;
acquiring a blood flow model of the region of interest according to the anatomical data and by combining the individual specific data;
preprocessing the geometric model, and establishing a cross section morphological model of the target blood vessel at each position between a near-end terminal point and a far-end terminal point;
fitting the cross section shape models under different scales by taking a near-end endpoint of the target blood vessel as a reference point, and calculating a shape difference function f (x) of the lumen of the target blood vessel, wherein the scale is the distance between two adjacent cross sections when the shape difference function f (x) is calculated;
calculating and obtaining a first pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel based on the morphological difference function f (x) of the target blood vessel lumen and a blood flow model0；
The first pressure difference Δ P based on the smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel, wherein the second pressure difference delta P is different from the first pressure difference delta P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure FDA0002769513080000011
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0Is the blood viscosity of normal person, k is the deviation correction coefficient, and e is the natural constant.
2. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 1, wherein: the value range of the deviation correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first pressure difference Δ Ρ is a difference in pressure based on smoking history information0Satisfies the following relation:
ΔP0＝(c1V+c2V2+c3V3+…+cmVm)*(α1*∫f1(x)dx+α2*∫f2(x)dx+…+αn*∫fn(x)dx)
wherein V is a blood flow velocity, which is directly/indirectly obtained by the blood flow model, and the blood flow velocity V may be a constant;
c1、c2、c3、…、cmparameter coefficients respectively representing the blood flow velocity V; f is1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) Is a morphological difference function of different scales; n is different scales and is a natural number more than or equal to 1; alpha is alpha1、α2、…、αnAre respectively f1(x)，f2(x)…fn(x) M is a positive integer of 1 or more.
4. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 1, wherein: the blood viscosity u of the normal person0Is an empirical value; or the blood viscosity u of the patient is obtained by measurement.
5. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 3, wherein: the morphological difference function fn(x) The method is used for detecting the geometric parameters corresponding to the difference of the cross section shapes of the adjacent lumens caused by the nth lesion characteristics.
6. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 5, wherein: the geometric parameters comprise the morphology of the cross section of each blood vessel section at the proximal end point in the region of interest, the morphology of the cross section of each blood vessel section at the distal end point in the region of interest, and the morphology of the cross section of each blood vessel section between the proximal end point and the distal end point in the region of interest, wherein the morphology of the cross section at least comprises the geometric shape, the area, the diameter or the plaque information of the cross section.
7. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 6, wherein: the blood flow model comprises a fixed blood flow model and an individualized blood flow model, and the individualized blood flow model comprises a resting state blood flow model and a loaded state blood flow model.
8. The method of acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 7, wherein: the blood flow model comprises a blood flow velocity V, and when the blood flow model is a resting blood flow model, the blood flow velocity V can be obtained by calculating the filling velocity of the fluid in the blood vessel section; or obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree; when the blood flow velocity V is obtained by morphological calculation of the vessel tree, the geometric parameters further include one or more of the length, perfusion area, and branch angle of the vessel segment in the vessel tree.
9. An apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information, comprising:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing geometric parameters and patient-specific data of a region of interest in an anatomical model of a part of a blood vessel section;
a blood flow feature processor for establishing a geometric model and a blood flow model of the region of interest based on the geometric parameters and the patient-specific data;
the blood flow characteristic processor is further used for acquiring a cross section morphology model and a pressure difference calculation model of the target blood vessel at each position between the near end terminal point and the far end terminal point based on the geometric model and the blood flow model; meanwhile, according to the pressure difference calculation model and the hemodynamics, a first pressure difference delta P between any two positions of a target blood vessel of the region of interest is obtained0；
The blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to determine the first pressure difference Δ Ρ based on a smoking history information of the patient0Correcting to obtain a second pressure difference delta P between any two positions of the target blood vessel;
the second pressure difference Δ P and the first pressure difference Δ P0Satisfies the following relation:
Figure FDA0002769513080000031
wherein u is the blood viscosity of the patient and u is0The correction coefficient k is the blood viscosity of a normal person, k is the correction coefficient, e is a natural constant, and the value range of the correction coefficient k is 0.27-0.38.
10. The apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 9, wherein: the blood flow characteristic processor is further configured to obtain a blood viscosity u of the patient; or the device for acquiring the pressure difference based on the smoking history information further comprises a speed collector, and the speed collector is used for acquiring the blood flow speed V of the region of interest.
11. The apparatus for acquiring a pressure difference based on smoking history information according to claim 10, wherein: the speed collector comprises a speed calculation module and a speed extraction module; the speed extraction module can directly acquire the blood flow speed V through the data acquisition unit and can also directly extract the blood flow speed V through the blood flow model; the speed calculation module also comprises a speed conversion module and a speed measurement module; the blood flow velocity can be obtained by converting the filling velocity of the fluid in the blood vessel section through the velocity conversion module, and can also be obtained by measuring and calculating the shape of the blood vessel tree through the velocity measuring and calculating module, wherein the shape of the blood vessel tree at least comprises one or more of the volume, the area and the length of the blood vessel tree and the diameter of a lumen in the blood vessel tree.
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