CN108738158B - LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization - Google Patents

LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization Download PDF

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CN108738158B
CN108738158B CN201810446445.0A CN201810446445A CN108738158B CN 108738158 B CN108738158 B CN 108738158B CN 201810446445 A CN201810446445 A CN 201810446445A CN 108738158 B CN108738158 B CN 108738158B
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李方敏
曾源远
张韬
彭小兵
栾悉道
杨志邦
马小林
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Changsha University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0057—Physical resource allocation for CQI
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1273—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load

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Abstract

The invention discloses an LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of physical resource blocks which can be called in a single transmission time interval according to a bandwidth value of a downlink, determining the number of users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation and a resource allocation algorithm, determining the measurement values of all the users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the determined resource allocation algorithm, and allocating all the physical resource blocks which can be called to the users according to the obtained measurement values of all the users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called. The invention can solve the technical problem that the actual data transmission quantity of the user in the physical resource block distribution process is possibly reduced because the factors of mutual influence of the distributed physical resource blocks in the actual data transmission process are not deeply considered in the conventional LTE downlink scheduling method.

Description

LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to an LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization.
Background
A Long Term Evolution (LTE) network is currently gaining a great popularity as a mainstream wireless communication network. Downlink scheduling is an important link in the existing LTE network, and currently, generally adopted downlink scheduling methods mainly include a Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm, a maximum carrier quality indicator (Max-CQI) algorithm, a maximum Weighted Delay First (M-LWDF) algorithm, and an Exponential Proportional fair (EXP/PF) algorithm.
However, the above downlink scheduling methods all have non-negligible drawbacks: the factors that the allocated physical resource blocks affect each other in the actual data transmission process are not deeply considered, and therefore, the actual data transmission quantity of the user in the physical resource block allocation process may be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization, and aims to solve the technical problem that the actual data transmission quantity of a user in the physical resource block distribution process is possibly reduced because the factors influencing each other in the actual data transmission process of the distributed physical resource blocks are not deeply considered in the conventional LTE downlink scheduling method.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization, including the steps of:
(1) obtaining the number of physical resource blocks which can be called in a single transmission time interval according to the bandwidth value of a downlink, and determining the number of users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation and a resource allocation algorithm;
(2) determining the measurement values of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1);
(3) and (3) allocating all the callable physical resource blocks to the users according to the measurement values of all the users to be allocated with the physical resource blocks, obtained in the step (2), on all the callable physical resource blocks.
Preferably, when the bandwidth values of the LTE downlink are 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20MHz, the corresponding number of physical resource blocks is 6, 15, 25, 50, 75, and 100, respectively.
Preferably, the resource allocation algorithm can be a proportional fair PF algorithm, a maximum load ratio dry Max-CQI algorithm, a maximum weighted delay first M-LWDF algorithm, or an exponential proportional fair EXP/PF algorithm.
Preferably, the step (2) is specifically:
firstly, the ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource block obtained by all users to be allocated with the physical resource block is calculated, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000021
effvaluen＝10·log(-log(s))
wherein s is an intermediate variable, and n represents the number of physical resource blocks that each user to be subjected to physical resource block allocation has acquired; sinrjThe value represents the ratio of effective signals to interference noise of each user to be allocated with a physical resource block on the obtained j-th physical resource block; effvaluenThe ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise on n physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks is represented;
secondly, according to the number n of physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks and the ratio effvalue of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource blocks obtained by all the usersnTo obtain the total data transmission amount of all n physical resource blocks that the user has obtained, which is represented by the following function:
bittransn＝GetBit(effvaluen,n)
wherein bittransnRepresenting the actual data quantity which can be transmitted by all n physical resource blocks and is obtained by a user; GetBIT represents a functional expression for obtaining transmission data;
then, the total data transmission amount of all n +1 physical resource blocks to be obtained by the user is calculated
Figure BDA0001657313270000031
And the total data transmission amount bittrans of all the n physical resource blocks which are obtainednThe difference between the two data is used as a change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount before and after the allocation of the physical resource block by the user, and the specific formula is as follows:
data_change＝bittransn+1-bittransn
and finally, determining the metric value metric of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1) and the obtained change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount of the users before and after the physical resource block allocation.
Preferably, the operation process of obtaining the function expression GetBit of the transmission data is specifically that, firstly, according to the ratio effvaluenAnd inquiring a CQI coding mode table of the LTE system to determine a modulation and coding mode to be adopted by the physical resource block, then finding a corresponding data carrying quantity in the CQI coding mode table according to the determined modulation and coding mode, and finally multiplying the data carrying quantity by the number of the physical resource blocks to obtain the total data transmission quantity of all the n physical resource blocks which is obtained by the user.
Preferably, when the resource allocation algorithm is a maximum carrier-to-interference algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000032
where i denotes the number of users to be allocated a physical resource block.
Preferably, when the resource allocation algorithm is a proportional fair algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000033
wherein
Figure BDA0001657313270000034
Representing the average throughput of the ith user before the current transmission time interval.
Preferably, when the resource allocation algorithm is a maximum weighted delay-first algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000041
wherein the intermediate variable ωi＝-logδi/τiWherein δiIndicates the maximum likelihood that the head-of-line queuing delay of the ith user exceeds the delay threshold, τiRepresents the target maximum delay, d, of the ith useriAnd (t) queuing delay for the line head of the ith user.
Preferably, when the resource allocation algorithm is a proportional fair algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000042
wherein average head-of-line queuing delay
Figure BDA0001657313270000043
nRRepresenting the number of real-time services for the user.
Preferably, step (3) comprises in particular the following sub-steps:
(3-1) counting all users needing data transmission in all users needing physical resource block allocation, and obtaining the measurement values of all the counted users on all the physical resource blocks according to the result of the step (2);
and (3-2) for each physical resource block, allocating the physical resource block to the user corresponding to the maximum value in the metric values corresponding to the physical resource block in all the users counted in the step (3-1).
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts the step (2) to obtain the measurement values of all users on all the physical resource blocks which can be called, thereby ensuring that all the physical resource blocks can increase the actual data transmission quantity in the distribution process, and solving the technical problem that the prior method can possibly cause the reduction of the actual data transmission quantity of the users in the distribution process of the physical resource blocks.
(2) The invention can increase the actual data transmission quantity of all physical resource blocks in the distribution process, thereby effectively improving the throughput of the whole LTE system and improving the packet loss rate of the LTE system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization of the present invention includes the following steps:
(1) obtaining the number of physical resource blocks which can be called in a single transmission time interval (1 millisecond) according to the bandwidth value of a downlink, and determining the number of users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation and a resource allocation algorithm;
specifically, for downlink bandwidths of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20MHz, the number of corresponding physical resource blocks is 6, 15, 25, 50, 75, and 100.
The resource allocation algorithm used in this step may be a Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm, a maximum carrier quality indicator (Max-CQI) algorithm, a maximum Weighted Delay First (M-LWDF) algorithm, or an Exponential Proportional fair (EXP/PF) algorithm.
(2) Determining the measurement values of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1);
specifically, in this step, the ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource block, which is obtained by all users to be allocated with the physical resource block, is calculated first, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000061
effvaluen＝10·log(-log(s))
wherein s is an intermediate variable, and n represents the number of physical resource blocks that each user to be subjected to physical resource block allocation has acquired; sinrjThe value represents the ratio of effective signals to interference noise on the obtained jth physical resource block of each user to be allocated with the physical resource block (j is a natural number and j is less than or equal to x, wherein x represents the total number of the physical resource blocks which can be called); effvaluenThe unit of the ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise on the n physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks is dB.
Secondly, according to the number n of physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks and the ratio effvalue of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource blocks obtained by all the usersnTo obtain the total data transmission amount of all n physical resource blocks that the user has obtained, which is represented by the following function:
bittransn＝GetBit(effvaluen,n)
wherein bittransnRepresenting the actual data quantity which can be transmitted by all n physical resource blocks and is obtained by a user; GetBIT represents a functional expression for obtaining the transmission data, which is first of all according to the ratio effvaluenThe method comprises the steps of inquiring a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) coding mode table of an LTE system to determine a modulation and coding mode to be adopted by a physical resource block, finding a corresponding data carrying quantity (Bits Carried) in the CQI coding mode table according to the determined modulation and coding mode, and multiplying the data carrying quantity by the number of the physical resource blocks to obtain the data transmission total quantity of all n physical resource blocks which are obtained by a user.
Subsequently, calculating the user to obtainThe obtained data transmission total amount of all n +1 physical resource blocks
Figure BDA0001657313270000062
And the total data transmission amount bittrans of all the n physical resource blocks which are obtainednThe difference between the two data is used as a change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount before and after the allocation of the physical resource block by the user, and the specific formula is as follows:
data_change＝bittransn+1-bittransn
finally, determining the measurement values of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1) and the obtained change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount of the users before and after the physical resource block allocation;
for the maximum carrier-to-interference algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000071
wherein i represents the serial number of the user to be allocated with the physical resource block, and i is less than or equal to y, wherein y represents the number of the user to be allocated with the physical resource block;
for the proportional fair algorithm, the metric is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000072
wherein
Figure BDA0001657313270000073
Representing the average throughput of the ith user before the current transmission time interval.
For the maximum weighted delay-first algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000074
wherein the intermediate variable ωi＝-logδi/τiWherein δiIndicates the maximum probability that the Head-of-line blocking (HOL) delay of the ith user exceeds the delay threshold, tauiRepresents the target maximum delay, d, of the ith useriAnd (t) queuing delay for the line head of the ith user.
For the exponential proportional fairness algorithm, the metric is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0001657313270000075
wherein average head-of-line queuing delay
Figure BDA0001657313270000076
nRRepresenting the number of real-time services for the user, including video, audio, etc.
If there are x physical resource blocks that can be called, and the number of users to be allocated is y, then after this step is finished, the obtained metric value of the 1 st user on all y physical resource blocks is (metric)11，metric12，metric13，metric1y) The 2 nd user's metric value on all y physical resource blocks is (metric)21，metric22，metric23，metric2y) …, the value of the metric for the x-th user on all y physical resource blocks is (metric)x1，metricx2，metricx3，metricxy)。
(3) And (3) allocating all the callable physical resource blocks to the users according to the measurement values of all the users to be allocated with the physical resource blocks, obtained in the step (2), on all the callable physical resource blocks.
The method specifically comprises the following substeps:
(3-1) counting all users needing data transmission in all users needing physical resource block allocation, and obtaining the measurement values of all the counted users on all the physical resource blocks according to the result of the step (2);
(3-2) for each physical resource block, allocating the physical resource block to the user corresponding to the maximum value in the metric values corresponding to the physical resource block in all the users counted in the step (3-1);
for example, for the 2 nd physical resource block, there are a plurality of metric values corresponding thereto, which are respectively the metric12，metric22，…，metricx2This step is to find the largest of these values, such as metric52Then the result of this step is to allocate the 2 nd physical resource block to the 5 th user.
Results and analysis of the experiments
Tables 1 and 2 are the average throughputs of the users in the video service at 30km/h and 120km/h, respectively. Compared with the image and the table data, the throughput of the video service is improved to a certain extent, and the average throughput obtained by the video service is continuously reduced with the continuous increase of the number of users, but the total increase is still considerable.
Video average throughput (kbps) at table 130 km/h
Figure BDA0001657313270000081
Video average throughput (kbps) at table 2120 km/h
Figure BDA0001657313270000091
The average throughputs of the users in Best effort (Be for short) service are 30km/h and 120km/h in tables 3 and 4 below, respectively. The throughput of the present invention is increased compared to the MT algorithm. In the MT algorithm, since the algorithm itself allocates the physical resource blocks to the users with the best channels, the throughput of the system is improved to the minimum, and even since part of the physical resource blocks are allocated to the video service, the throughput of the Be type is slightly reduced, but the overall throughput of the present invention is still in an improved state.
Table 330 km/h throughput of Be service (kbps)
Figure BDA0001657313270000092
TABLE 4120 km/h throughput of Be service (kbps)
Figure BDA0001657313270000093
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An LTE downlink scheduling method based on throughput optimization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) obtaining the number of physical resource blocks which can be called in a single transmission time interval according to the bandwidth value of a downlink, and determining the number of users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation and a resource allocation algorithm;
(2) determining the measurement values of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1); the step (2) is specifically as follows:
firstly, the ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource block obtained by all users to be allocated with the physical resource block is calculated, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002950177360000011
effvaluen＝10·log(-log(s))
wherein s is an intermediate variable, and n represents the number of physical resource blocks that each user to be subjected to physical resource block allocation has acquired; sin rjThe value represents the ratio of effective signals to interference noise of each user to be allocated with a physical resource block on the obtained j-th physical resource block; effvaluenThe ratio of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise on n physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks is represented;
secondly, according to the number n of physical resource blocks obtained by each user to be allocated with the physical resource blocks and the ratio effvalue of the comprehensive effective signal to the interference noise of the physical resource blocks obtained by all the usersnTo obtain the total data transmission amount of all n physical resource blocks that the user has obtained, which is represented by the following function:
bittransn＝GetBit(effvaluen,n)
wherein bittransnRepresenting the actual data quantity which can be transmitted by all n physical resource blocks and is obtained by a user; GetBIT represents a functional expression for obtaining transmission data; the operation process of obtaining the function expression GetBIT of the transmission data is specifically that firstly, according to the ratio effvaluenInquiring a CQI coding mode table of an LTE system to determine a modulation and coding mode to be adopted by a physical resource block, then finding a corresponding data carrying quantity in the CQI coding mode table according to the determined modulation and coding mode, and finally multiplying the data carrying quantity by the number of the physical resource blocks to obtain the total data transmission quantity of all n physical resource blocks acquired by the user;
then, the total data transmission amount bittrans of all n +1 physical resource blocks to be obtained by the user is calculatedn+1And the total data transmission amount bittrans of all the n physical resource blocks which are obtainednThe difference between the two data is used as a change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount before and after the allocation of the physical resource block by the user, and the specific formula is as follows:
data_change＝bittransn+1-bittransn
finally, determining the measurement values of all users to be subjected to physical resource block allocation on all the physical resource blocks which can be called according to the resource allocation algorithm determined in the step (1) and the obtained change value data _ change of the actual data transmission total amount of the users before and after the physical resource block allocation;
(3) and (3) allocating all the callable physical resource blocks to the users according to the measurement values of all the users to be allocated with the physical resource blocks, obtained in the step (2), on all the callable physical resource blocks.
2. The LTE downlink scheduling method of claim 1, wherein when the bandwidth values of the LTE downlink are 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20MHz, the corresponding physical resource block numbers are 6, 15, 25, 50, 75, and 100, respectively.
3. The LTE downlink scheduling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resource allocation algorithm can be proportional fair algorithm PF, maximum carrier-to-interference algorithm Max-CQI, maximum weighted delay-first algorithm M-LWDF, or exponential proportional fair algorithm EXP/PF.
4. The LTE downlink scheduling method of claim 3, wherein when the resource allocation algorithm is a maximum carrier to interference (MTR) algorithm, the metric value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002950177360000021
where i denotes the number of users to be allocated a physical resource block.
5. The LTE downlink scheduling method of claim 3, wherein when the resource allocation algorithm is a proportional fair algorithm, the metric value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002950177360000031
wherein r isi MRepresenting the average throughput of the ith user before the current transmission time interval.
6. The LTE downlink scheduling method of claim 3, wherein when the resource allocation algorithm is a maximum weighted delay first algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure FDA0002950177360000032
wherein the intermediate variable ωi＝-logδi/τiWherein δiIndicates the maximum likelihood that the head-of-line queuing delay of the ith user exceeds the delay threshold, τiRepresents the target maximum delay, d, of the ith useriAnd (t) queuing delay for the line head of the ith user.
7. The LTE downlink scheduling method of claim 3, wherein when the resource allocation algorithm is a proportional fair algorithm, the calculation formula of the metric value is as follows:
Figure FDA0002950177360000033
wherein the average head-of-line queuing delay di M(t)＝∑jωjdj(t)/nR，nRRepresenting the number of real-time services for the user.
8. The LTE downlink scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that step (3) comprises in particular the following sub-steps:
(3-1) counting all users needing data transmission in all users needing physical resource block allocation, and obtaining the measurement values of all the counted users on all the physical resource blocks according to the result of the step (2);
and (3-2) for each physical resource block, allocating the physical resource block to the user corresponding to the maximum value in the metric values corresponding to the physical resource block in all the users counted in the step (3-1).
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