CN108738127B - Radio remote unit, baseband processing unit, distributed base station and synchronization method thereof - Google Patents
Radio remote unit, baseband processing unit, distributed base station and synchronization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
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- H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radio remote unit, a baseband processing unit, a distributed base station and a synchronization method thereof, wherein the radio remote unit comprises: the satellite receiving module is used for receiving satellite signals and generating standard time information according to the satellite signals; and the clock generating module is used for generating a working clock of the remote radio unit and system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information. According to the remote radio unit, the baseband processing unit and the distributed base station, the baseband processing unit can be synchronized to the remote radio unit through accurate system time information, and the working state of the remote radio unit can be described and controlled through more accurate system time information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a radio remote unit, a baseband processing unit, a distributed base station and a synchronization method thereof.
Background
The distributed Base station divides the traditional macro Base station equipment into two functional modules according to functions, wherein the functions of a Base Band, a master control, transmission, a clock and the like of the Base station are integrated on a Base Band Unit (BBU), and the Base Band processing Unit has small volume and very flexible installation position; radio frequency in a transceiver, a power amplifier and the like is integrated on a Radio Remote Unit (RRU), and the RRU is arranged at an antenna end. One baseband processing unit is connected with a plurality of radio remote units through transmission media such as optical fibers, and a brand-new distributed base station solution is formed.
With the development of wireless communication technology, an open radio frequency digital interface is adopted as an interface protocol between a baseband processing unit and a radio remote unit. According to the protocol, the function of the radio frequency front end is abstracted, and the characteristics of the whole radio frequency front end are described through the numerical value of the data packet, so that the baseband processing unit can directly extract the characteristic parameters of the corresponding waveform through the data packet in the processing of the data, and the processing work of the waveform characteristics in the traditional sense is not required to be finished. Therefore, the requirement of clock synchronization between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit is reduced, namely, the synchronization between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit can be allowed to be completed only by relying on the precise time information transmitted between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit.
However, in the conventional method for clock synchronization Of the distributed base station, the satellite receiving module is placed in the baseband processing unit to generate standard Time information, for example, a Pulse Per Second (1 PPS) signal and Time Of Day (TOD) information are generated, the baseband processing unit issues the standard Time information to the radio remote unit, and an operating clock and system Time information Of the radio remote unit are generated according to the standard Time information. Because the remote radio unit and the baseband processing unit are remotely connected through transmission media such as optical fibers, and errors of standard time information are correspondingly increased through remote transmission, the accuracy of generating the system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information issued by the baseband processing unit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low accuracy of system time information of a radio remote unit generated according to standard time information issued by a baseband processing unit.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a remote radio unit comprising:
the satellite receiving module is used for receiving satellite signals and generating standard time information according to the satellite signals;
and the clock generating module is used for generating a working clock of the remote radio unit and system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information.
Optionally, the satellite receiving module is a GPS receiving module, a GLONASS receiving module, a beidou receiving module, or a Galileo receiving module.
Optionally, the standard time information includes a first second pulse signal and time of day information.
Optionally, the clock generating module includes:
a frequency synthesizer for performing locking processing on the first second pulse signal to generate a counting clock and the working clock;
a counter for counting pulses of the count clock to obtain a count value;
the first memory is used for storing an integer part of the day time information and a decimal part of the counting value, wherein the integer part of the day time information is the integer part of the system time information, and the decimal part of the counting value is the decimal part of the system time information.
Optionally, the frequency synthesizer is further configured to perform locking processing on the first second pulse signal to generate a second pulse signal;
the rising edge of the second pulse-per-second signal is the reset input of the counter.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention further provides a baseband processing unit, comprising:
a local clock for generating local time information of the baseband processing unit;
the second memory is used for storing the local time information, the identity codes of the radio remote units and the time deviation between the baseband processing unit and each radio remote unit;
and the processor is used for obtaining the system time information of each remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information according to the identity code, the time deviation and the local time information.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a distributed base station, which comprises the baseband processing unit and more than one remote radio unit.
Optionally, the baseband processing unit and the radio remote unit are connected by an optical fiber, an ethernet cable, or a USB3.0 data line.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a synchronization method of the distributed base station, which comprises the following steps:
the radio remote unit sends a synchronous message and a following message to the baseband processing unit in sequence, wherein the following message comprises the sending time of the synchronous message;
after receiving the synchronous message, the baseband processing unit records the receiving time of the synchronous message;
after receiving the following message, the baseband processing unit records the sending time of the synchronous message;
the baseband processing unit sends a delay request message to the remote radio unit and records the sending time of the delay request message;
after receiving the delay request message, the remote radio unit sends a delay response message to the baseband processing unit, wherein the delay response message comprises the receiving time of the delay request message;
after receiving the delay response message, the baseband processing unit records the receiving time of the delay request message;
the baseband processing unit obtains the time deviation according to the receiving time of the synchronous message, the sending time of the delay request message and the receiving time of the delay request message;
the baseband processing unit stores the time offset into the second memory;
and the baseband processing unit acquires system time information of the remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information according to the time deviation and the local time information.
Optionally, the obtaining the time offset according to the receiving time of the synchronization packet, the sending time of the delay request packet, and the receiving time of the delay request packet includes:
according to
Obtaining the time offset, wherein toffsetFor said time deviation, t1Is the sending time, t, of the synchronization message2Is a stand forTime of receipt of the synchronization message, t3Is the sending time, t, of the delay request message4The receiving time of the delay request message is the receiving time of the delay request message.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the radio remote unit, the baseband processing unit and the distributed base station provided by the invention, the satellite receiving module and the clock generating module are arranged in the radio remote unit, so that the standard time information generated by the satellite receiving module does not need to reach the radio remote unit through long-distance transmission, and therefore, the system time information generated by the clock generating module according to the standard time information is more accurate. The baseband processing unit can be synchronized to the remote radio unit through accurate system time information, and the working state of the remote radio unit can be described and controlled through more accurate system time information.
The synchronization method of the distributed base station provided by the invention adopts a pseudo synchronization mode, namely: and the radio remote unit transmits an accurate clock to the baseband processing unit, and the baseband processing unit calculates the time deviation between the radio remote unit and each radio remote unit and stores the time deviation. When the baseband processing unit needs to communicate with a certain remote radio unit, the system time information corresponding to the remote radio unit by the local time information can be calculated according to the time deviation and the local time information corresponding to the remote radio unit. The pseudo-synchronization operation between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit is used for obtaining the synchronization time without updating the clock, so that the baseband processing unit can support the access of more remote radio units, and the capacity of the distributed base station can be improved while the performance of the distributed base station is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote radio unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a clock generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a baseband processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of message transmission between a radio remote unit and a baseband processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote radio unit, where the remote radio unit includes a satellite receiving module 11 and a clock generating module 12.
Specifically, the satellite receiving module 11 is configured to receive a satellite signal and generate standard time information according to the satellite signal. The satellite receiving module 11 disciplines the crystal oscillator through the satellite signal generated by the satellite navigation system, and realizes high-precision frequency and time output. The satellite receiving module 11 includes, but is not limited to, a GPS receiving module, a GLONASS receiving module, a beidou receiving module, or a Galileo receiving module according to the type of satellite navigation system generating the satellite signals.
The clock generating module 12 is configured to generate a working clock of the remote radio unit and system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information. The working clock is a clock required by the remote radio unit for performing various processing on a radio frequency signal, for example, a sampling clock for analog-to-digital conversion, a sampling clock for digital-to-analog conversion, a clock required by modulation and demodulation, and the like; the system time information is used for describing time nodes for the radio remote unit to perform various processing on radio frequency signals. Since the standard time information as the system time information does not satisfy the requirement of the remote radio unit for accurate time, the clock generation module 12 is required to generate system time information with higher accuracy based on the standard time information, that is, the accuracy of the system time information is higher than that of the standard time information.
Taking the standard Time information including a first Second Pulse (1PPS, 1Pulse Per Second) signal and Time Of day (TOD, Time Of Date) information as an example, the present embodiment provides a specific structure Of the clock generating module 12. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the clock generation module 12, and the clock generation module 12 includes a frequency synthesizer 21, a counter 22, and a first memory 23. Specifically, the frequency synthesizer 21 is configured to perform a locking process on the first second pulse signal to generate a counting clock and the operating clock; the counter 22 is used for counting the pulses of the counting clock to obtain a counting value; the first memory 23 is configured to store an integer part of the day-time information and a fractional part of the count value, where the integer part of the day-time information is an integer part of the system time information, and the fractional part of the count value is a fractional part of the system time information.
Since the first second pulse signal is affected by jitter of the wireless transmission link and has a jitter value of about 50 nanoseconds, the first second pulse signal needs to be locked by the frequency synthesizer 21. Also, the frequency synthesizer 21 performs a clock distribution operation to generate the count clock and the operation clock. In this embodiment, the bandwidth of the phase-locked loop of the frequency synthesizer 21 is set to 0.01 hz, the jitter value of the first second-second pulse signal can be reduced by 0.5 ns, and the frequency of the counting clock is 1 ghz. Because the counting clock and the working clock are both synchronized to the standard time information of the satellite positioning time service system, the frequencies of the radio remote units are all uniform synchronous clock sources. The counter 22 counts the count clock in increments of one clock cycle by one clock cycle, and the count value thus generated is used as the fractional part of the system time information. Since the day time information can only provide time information of millisecond level, the present embodiment adopts an integer part of the day time information as an integer part of the system time information, and uses a fractional part of the count value as a fractional part of the system time information, thereby forming a complete system time information. The first memory 23 is used to store the system time information, and in this embodiment, the first memory 23 is a register. In the clock generation module 12 provided in this embodiment, since the counting clock is generated by locking the first second pulse signal, the fractional part of the system time information generated by performing the count-up with the counting clock can provide a time accuracy of 0.5 ns even if the accuracy of the system time information reaches a nanosecond level.
Further, considering that the accuracy of the counting process of the counter 22 is not completely affected by the accuracy of the counting clock, the performance of the counter 22 itself also affects the accuracy of the counting value, because the basic element of the counter 22 is an electronic device, and the electronic device affects the counter 22 due to temperature variation, aging of the device itself, and other factors. Therefore, in this embodiment, the frequency synthesizer 21 is further configured to perform a locking process on the first second pulse signal to generate a second pulse signal, and a rising edge of the second pulse signal is a reset input of the counter 22, and perform a reset operation on the counter 22, so that the influence of the counter 22 itself does not deteriorate the accuracy of the system time information due to accumulation.
In the remote radio unit provided in this embodiment, the satellite receiving module and the clock generating module are disposed in the remote radio unit, so that the standard time information generated by the satellite receiving module does not need to reach the remote radio unit through long-distance transmission. Therefore, the system time information generated by the clock generation module according to the standard time information is more accurate. Through accurate system time information, the working state of the remote radio unit can be described and controlled more accurately.
Due to the adoption of the open radio frequency digital interface, the baseband processing unit and the radio remote unit do not need to carry out frequency synchronization and do not need to carry out time synchronization. However, considering the requirement of the transceiver and the transceiver for high-speed data transmission, if the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit are not synchronized in clock, the time deviation between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit is not constant, which may result in too long data transceiving waiting time, too large local cache data, and increased data transceiving delay, which may greatly affect the performance of the distributed base station. Therefore, in view of the above reasons, the present invention further provides a baseband processing unit, a distributed base station and a synchronization method thereof, so as to implement time synchronization between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, thereby enhancing the transmission performance of the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a baseband processing unit, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the baseband processing unit, where the baseband processing unit includes a local clock 31, a second memory 32, and a processor 33.
In particular, the local clock 31 is used to generate local time information of the baseband processing unit. In this embodiment, the local clock 31 may be a quartz crystal oscillator. The local time information generated by the quartz crystal oscillator has very good accuracy and stability and low cost. The second memory 32 is configured to store the local time information, the id of each remote radio unit, and the time offset between the baseband processing unit and each remote radio unit. Since the baseband processing unit is usually connected to more than one remote radio unit, each remote radio unit corresponds to a unique id code for distinguishing each remote radio unit. The distances between the radio remote units and the baseband processing unit are different, and the time deviation between the radio remote units and the baseband processing unit is different. Therefore, the second memory 32 is required to store the id of each remote radio unit and the time offset between the baseband processing unit and each remote radio unit. In this embodiment, the second memory 32 may be a register. The processor 33 is used for identifying the identity codeAnd the time deviation and the local time information acquire system time information of each remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information. When the baseband processing unit needs to be connected to a certain remote radio unit, the processor 33 is configured to perform the formula tRRU＝tBBU-toffsetAnd obtaining system time information of the local time information corresponding to the radio remote unit, thereby realizing time synchronization when the baseband processing unit is connected with a plurality of radio remote units. Wherein, tRRUThe local time information corresponds to the system time information of the radio remote unit, tBBUFor the local time information, toffsetThe time offset between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit is used.
In the baseband processing unit provided in this embodiment, pseudo synchronization is performed between the baseband processing unit and each remote radio unit, that is, synchronization time is obtained but a clock is not updated. The baseband processing unit records the time deviation between the baseband processing unit and each remote radio unit, so that the clock synchronization of a plurality of remote radio units can be supported.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a distributed base station, where the distributed base station includes a baseband processing unit provided in embodiment 2 and one or more remote radio units provided in embodiment 1. The baseband processing unit and the radio remote unit can be connected through an optical fiber, a high-speed copper medium Ethernet cable or a USB3.0 data cable, and the specific use medium depends on the environment. Further, the specific structure of the remote radio unit may refer to the description in embodiment 1, and the specific structure of the baseband processing unit may refer to the description in embodiment 2, which is not described herein again.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a synchronization method for a distributed base station, where the structure of the distributed base station is as described in embodiment 3. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of message transmission between a radio remote unit and a baseband processing unit in this embodiment, where the synchronization method of the distributed base station includes:
the radio remote unit is arranged in the front-to-back directionThe baseband processing unit sends a synchronous message and a following message, wherein the following message comprises the sending time t of the synchronous message1；
After the baseband processing unit receives the synchronous message, the receiving time t of the synchronous message is recorded2；
After receiving the following message, the baseband processing unit records the sending time t of the synchronous message1；
The baseband processing unit sends a delay request message to the radio remote unit and records the sending time t of the delay request message3；
After receiving the delay request message, the remote radio unit sends a delay response message to the baseband processing unit, where the delay response message includes the receiving time t of the delay request message4；
After receiving the delayed response message, the baseband processing unit records the receiving time t of the delayed request message4；
The baseband processing unit receives the time t according to the synchronous message2Sending time t of the synchronous message1Sending time t of the delay request message3And the receiving time t of the delay request message4Obtaining the time offset;
the baseband processing unit stores the time offset into the second memory;
and the baseband processing unit acquires system time information of the remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information according to the time deviation and the local time information.
In this embodiment, the arithmetic mean of the time offset from the radio remote unit to the baseband processing unit and the time offset from the baseband processing unit to the radio remote unit is used as the time offset, i.e. based on
Obtaining the time offset, wherein toffsetIs the time offset. In other embodiments, the time offset may also be a geometric average, a weighted average, or the like of the time offset from the radio remote unit to the baseband processing unit and the time offset from the baseband processing unit to the radio remote unit, which is not limited in the present invention. It should be noted that the synchronization packet is sent to the baseband processing unit by the radio remote unit, so that the sending time of the synchronization packet is obtained by timing the system time information, and the receiving time of the synchronization packet is obtained by timing the local time information; the delay request message is sent to the remote radio unit by the baseband processing unit, so that the sending time of the delay request message is obtained by timing the local time information, and the receiving time of the synchronous message is obtained by timing the system time information.
Further, in this embodiment, the time for the remote radio unit to send the follow-up packet is not limited, and the follow-up packet may be sent before the baseband processing unit receives the synchronization packet, or may be sent after the baseband processing unit receives the synchronization packet, as long as it is ensured that the follow-up packet is sent after the synchronization packet is sent. In this embodiment, the sequence of obtaining the time offset from the radio remote unit to the baseband processing unit and obtaining the time offset from the baseband processing unit to the radio remote unit is not limited, that is, the time offset from the radio remote unit to the baseband processing unit may be obtained first, or the time offset from the baseband processing unit to the radio remote unit may be obtained first.
According to the distributed base station provided by the invention, as the satellite receiving module is arranged in the radio remote units, a plurality of synchronous signal sources appear in the distributed base station, and the radio remote units cannot be synchronized, because only one reference clock exists in the whole network. In order to facilitate the completion of synchronization and data transmission between the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, the synchronization method of the distributed base station provided in this embodiment adopts a pseudo-synchronization mode, that is, the remote radio unit transmits an accurate clock to the baseband processing unit, and the remote radio unit calculates and stores a time offset between the remote radio unit and each remote radio unit. And when the baseband processing unit needs to be connected with a certain remote radio unit, obtaining the system time information of the local time information corresponding to the remote radio unit according to the time deviation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A remote radio unit, comprising:
the satellite receiving module is used for receiving a satellite signal and generating standard time information according to the satellite signal, wherein the standard time information comprises a first second pulse signal and time-of-day information;
a clock generating module, configured to generate a working clock of the remote radio unit and system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information;
the satellite receiving module and the clock generating module are arranged in the radio remote unit;
the clock generation module includes:
a frequency synthesizer for performing locking processing on the first second pulse signal to generate a counting clock and the working clock;
a counter for counting pulses of the count clock to obtain a count value;
the first memory is used for storing an integer part of the day time information and a decimal part of the counting value, wherein the integer part of the day time information is the integer part of the system time information, and the decimal part of the counting value is the decimal part of the system time information.
2. The remote radio unit of claim 1, wherein the satellite receiving module is a GPS receiving module, a GLONASS receiving module, a beidou receiving module or a Galileo receiving module.
3. The remote radio unit according to claim 1, wherein the frequency synthesizer is further configured to lock-process the first second pulse signal to generate a second pulse signal;
the rising edge of the second pulse-per-second signal is the reset input of the counter.
4. A baseband processing unit, comprising:
a local clock for generating local time information of the baseband processing unit;
the second memory is used for storing the local time information, the identity codes of the radio remote units and the time deviation between the baseband processing unit and each radio remote unit;
the processor is used for obtaining system time information of each remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information according to the identity code, the time deviation and the local time information;
the remote radio unit comprises:
the satellite receiving module is used for receiving a satellite signal and generating standard time information according to the satellite signal, wherein the standard time information comprises a first second pulse signal and time-of-day information;
a clock generating module, configured to generate a working clock of the remote radio unit and system time information of the remote radio unit according to the standard time information;
the satellite receiving module and the clock generating module are arranged in the radio remote unit;
the clock generation module includes:
a frequency synthesizer for performing locking processing on the first second pulse signal to generate a counting clock and the working clock;
a counter for counting pulses of the count clock to obtain a count value;
the first memory is used for storing an integer part of the day time information and a decimal part of the counting value, wherein the integer part of the day time information is the integer part of the system time information, and the decimal part of the counting value is the decimal part of the system time information.
5. A distributed base station comprising the baseband processing unit of claim 4 and one or more remote radio units of any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. The distributed base station of claim 5, wherein the baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit are connected by an optical fiber, an Ethernet cable, or a USB3.0 data cable.
7. The distributed base station of claim 5, comprising:
the radio remote unit sends a synchronous message and a following message to the baseband processing unit in sequence, wherein the following message comprises the sending time of the synchronous message;
after receiving the synchronous message, the baseband processing unit records the receiving time of the synchronous message;
after receiving the following message, the baseband processing unit records the sending time of the synchronous message;
the baseband processing unit sends a delay request message to the remote radio unit and records the sending time of the delay request message;
after receiving the delay request message, the remote radio unit sends a delay response message to the baseband processing unit, wherein the delay response message comprises the receiving time of the delay request message;
after receiving the delay response message, the baseband processing unit records the receiving time of the delay request message;
the baseband processing unit obtains the time deviation according to the receiving time of the synchronous message, the sending time of the delay request message and the receiving time of the delay request message;
the baseband processing unit stores the time offset into the second memory;
and the baseband processing unit acquires system time information of the remote radio unit corresponding to the local time information according to the time deviation and the local time information.
8. The distributed base station of claim 7, wherein obtaining the time offset according to the receiving time of the synchronization packet, the sending time of the delay request packet, and the receiving time of the delay request packet comprises:
according to
Obtaining the time offset, wherein,
in order to be able to determine the time offset,
is the sending time of the synchronization message,
is the time of receipt of the synchronization message,
for the time of sending the delay request message,
the receiving time of the delay request message is the receiving time of the delay request message.
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| CN111294071B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-01-25 | 中国移动通信集团福建有限公司 | State data management method, device, equipment and medium for radio remote unit |
| CN110913471B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-12-25 | 四川天邑康和通信股份有限公司 | Synchronization method and system for radio remote unit of central unit of base station |
| CN111954298B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-07-12 | 电子科技大学 | Clock synchronization device and system suitable for millimeter wave radio frequency remote module |
| CN113316245B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-18 | 新华三技术有限公司 | Method and device for aligning air interface system frames |
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| CN103259607A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Clock synchronization method and clock synchronization device |
| CN102624512A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-08-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for realizing clock synchronization |
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| CN105634716A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-06-01 | 中国飞行试验研究院 | Airborne network IEEE1588 protocol slave clock port synchronization method |
| EP3307015A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-04-11 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and device for protocol conversion |
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