CN108736157B - Miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on acoustic standing wave resonant structure - Google Patents
Miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on acoustic standing wave resonant structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
- H02J50/23—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized low-frequency/very-low-frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure, which consists of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure and an electrically small antenna, wherein the acoustic standing wave resonant structure consists of a piezoelectric driver, a piezoelectric transducer and an electrode. The dimension of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure of the antenna can be within ten centimeters in a low frequency/very low frequency range, and compared with the dimension of one tenth of the radiation wavelength of a small antenna under the traditional electrical matching, the dimension of the antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure can be reduced to one thousandth of the radiation wavelength, so that the miniaturization of the low frequency/very low frequency antenna is really realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna miniaturization, and particularly relates to a miniaturized low-frequency/very-low-frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure.
Background
Low Frequency (LF) and Very Low Frequency (VLF) are radio waves with frequency bands of 30kHz to 300kHz and 3kHz to 30kHz, respectively, and have irreplaceable positions in the fields of time service, navigation, geological prospecting, underground communication, submarine and ocean communication, etc. because they have the advantages of reduced propagation attenuation, strong penetrability, etc.
Portability and miniaturization of low/very low frequency antennas have been a bottleneck problem in the field of low frequency communications. Generally, the size of an antenna is in the same order of magnitude as the wavelength of radio waves, and the wavelength of LF/VLF is as long as several kilometers, which brings many engineering difficulties to the manufacture of the antenna, and the huge antenna is difficult to conceal and easy to attack, thereby seriously affecting the safety of low-frequency communication. In order to realize miniaturization and portability of LF/VLF antennas, practical transmitting antennas usually employ small-sized antennas, such as small loop antennas, short element antennas, whose maximum size is less than one tenth of the radiation wavelength. However, electrically small antennas have three inherent drawbacks while possessing the advantages of small size: (1) the size of the antenna is too small compared with the working wavelength, the radiation resistance of the antenna is very small, and the input reactance component is very large; (2) the radiation resistance is too small compared with the antenna loss resistance, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is very low; (3) the energy storage and quality factor are too high, which results in an abnormally narrow antenna operating band.
In order to efficiently and non-destructively feed the high frequency power from the transmitter to the electrically small antenna, a matching network is necessary that matches the characteristic impedance of the feed line to the input impedance of the antenna. The traditional matching network mainly cancels out the reactance part in the antenna impedance by introducing a reactive compensation element; then, through an impedance transformation structure, the only pure impedance part left in the antenna impedance is equal to the characteristic impedance of the feeder line.
However, when the conventional matching network is applied to an electrically small antenna, the following three disadvantages are present:
(1) in LC resonant networks, the reactive compensation element introduced forms a resonant loop with the electrically small antenna, which is required to have a high quality factor Q (up to several hundred) when resonating, because the radiation resistance is small, much less reactive than it is. In the resonant circuit, because the current is also increased by Q times, the resistive loss of the compensating element per se can increase Q2The antenna is tens of thousands of times, so that on one hand, serious loss is brought, and on the other hand, the resonance Q value is limited, so that the antenna is difficult to generate effective radiation;
(2) the high-Q LC resonant network has extremely strong frequency selectivity, or the resonant frequency is extremely sensitive to distribution parameters, and when the high-Q LC resonant network is influenced by application environments, such as temperature change, slight deformation of an antenna and the approach of a metal object to the antenna, the resonant frequency is shifted, so that the performance of the antenna is rapidly reduced;
(3) in high Q resonant tanks, the impedance at the resonance point tends to deviate significantly from 50 ohms, and their matching with a 50 ohm transmission line means that a large transformation ratio is required. At high ratios, the resistive losses of the elements in the matching network can be more pronounced, further reducing the overall efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a miniaturized low-frequency/very-low-frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure, and solves the problems that a traditional low-frequency/very-low-frequency antenna in the prior art is large in matching network loss, poor in frequency stability, limited in quality factor Q and low in radiation efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the miniaturized low-frequency/very-low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure consists of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure and the electrically small antenna,
the acoustic standing wave resonant structure is used for impedance transformation and boosting to transmit the output high voltage to the electrically small antenna;
and the electrically small antenna is used for realizing the radiation of electromagnetic waves by taking the high voltage output by the acoustic standing wave resonant structure as an excitation source.
Further, the acoustic standing wave resonance structure is composed of a piezoelectric driver, a piezoelectric transducer and an electrode;
the piezoelectric drive is used for generating mechanical vibration in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure under the excitation of an input source voltage;
piezoelectric transduction for converting mechanical vibration in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure into a voltage output;
and the electrode is used for transmitting an input voltage to the piezoelectric driver, connecting the piezoelectric driver and the piezoelectric transduction and outputting a voltage generated on the piezoelectric transduction.
Furthermore, the number of the electrodes is 3, and the electrodes are respectively arranged at two ends of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure and at the joint of the piezoelectric drive and the piezoelectric transduction.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric driving and piezoelectric transduction adopt a multi-element piezoelectric ceramic material which mainly adopts lead titanate and lead zirconate titanate.
Further, the piezoelectric drive and the piezoelectric transduction are in a low-frequency band, and a thin wafer type vibrator which vibrates in the radial direction is selected; and selecting a strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator which vibrates along the length direction in the very low frequency band.
Further, the electrode is any one of a silver palladium electrode or a silver electrode.
Furthermore, the electrically small antenna adopts a short element antenna.
Further, in the low frequency band, the corresponding resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure in the fundamental wave resonant mode is:
wherein f isr1Is the fundamental resonance frequency, D is the diameter of the thin disc type vibrator, rho is the density of the material,
for short-circuit compliance coefficient, σ is Poisson's ratio, η1Is the root of a Bessel function;
in the very low frequency band, the resonance frequency of the half-wave resonance mode of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure is as follows:
wherein f isr2Is half-wave resonant frequency, L1For length of piezoelectric-driven elongated thin-sheet vibrator, L2Is the length of the piezoelectric transduction strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator, rho is the density of the material,
short circuit compliance factor;
open circuit compliance factor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the miniaturized low-frequency/very-low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonance structure is integrally formed by the acoustic standing wave resonance structure and the electrically small antenna, namely, the acoustic standing wave resonance structure is used for replacing the traditional LC matching network, wherein the acoustic standing wave resonance structure comprises a piezoelectric driving part and a piezoelectric transduction part, and the conversion of electric energy-mechanical energy-electric energy-electromagnetic energy is realized. Compared with the resistive loss of the traditional LC element, the energy conversion process in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure only has very small dielectric loss and mechanical loss, so that the miniaturized low-frequency/very low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure has ultralow loss, thereby ensuring that the antenna has very high radiation efficiency; on the other hand, by adjusting physical parameters such as materials and dimensions of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure, the acoustic standing wave resonance structure can obtain tens of thousands of Q values, so that the Q value limit of a circuit element matcher is broken through, and the ultrahigh Q value far higher than that of an electrical matcher is realized;
(2) the working frequency of the antenna is equal to the resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure, the latter mainly depends on the material, vibration mode and size parameters of the structure, and the influence of the change of the working environment of the antenna on the resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure can be almost ignored, so that the miniaturized low-frequency/very low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure has very good frequency stability, thereby ensuring the stable working performance of the antenna;
(3) the acoustic standing wave resonance structure adopted in the invention has the characteristic of boosting: the input source voltage can be increased by N times and output to the electrically small antenna. The input resistance in the equivalent circuit of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure is very small, the output resistance is very high, the whole acoustic standing wave resonance structure can be equivalent to an impedance converter with high transformation ratio, and the matching of 50 ohms of the feed source and the impedance of the electrically small antenna is realized;
(4) the operating frequency of the electrically small antenna of the present invention depends on the resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure, not the size of the antenna. Because the wavelength of the sound wave is far smaller than that of the electromagnetic wave, the dimension of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure can be within ten centimeters in a low frequency/very low frequency range, and compared with the dimension of one tenth of the radiation wavelength of the electrically small antenna under the traditional electrical matching, the dimension of the antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonance structure can be reduced to one thousandth of the radiation wavelength, so that the miniaturization of the low frequency/very low frequency antenna is really realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic standing wave resonant structure;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure, the resonant frequency of which is located at 100kHz in the low frequency band according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a physical equivalent circuit model of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure according to the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure having a resonant frequency at 20kHz in the very low frequency band according to the second embodiment.
In the figure, 1 is an acoustic standing wave resonance structure, 1-1 is piezoelectric drive, 1-2 is piezoelectric transduction, 1-3 is electrodes, and 2 is an electrically small antenna.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The miniaturized low-frequency/very low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure is composed of an acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 and an electrically small antenna 2, as shown in figure 1, wherein the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is composed of a piezoelectric drive 1-1, a piezoelectric transduction 1-2 and an electrode 1-3, as shown in figure 2;
the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is used for impedance transformation and boosting to transmit the output high voltage to the electrically small antenna 2;
a piezoelectric driver 1-1 for generating mechanical vibration in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 under excitation of an input source voltage;
the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 is used for converting mechanical vibration in the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 into voltage output;
the electrode 1-3 is used for transmitting input voltage to the piezoelectric driver 1-1, connecting the piezoelectric driver 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 and outputting voltage generated on the piezoelectric transduction 1-2;
and the electrically small antenna 2 is used for realizing the radiation of electromagnetic waves by taking the high voltage output by the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 as an excitation source.
The piezoelectric drive 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 adopt a multi-element piezoelectric ceramic material which takes lead titanate and lead zirconate titanate as main bodies;
the electrodes 1-3 adopt any one of silver palladium electrodes or silver electrodes, and the electrodes 1-3 are adhered to the piezoelectric drivers 1-1 and the piezoelectric transducers 1-2 through conductive adhesive;
the vibration mode of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 selects any one of a stretching vibration mode, a bending vibration mode and a thickness shear vibration mode; the resonance frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 is the same as the frequency of an input signal by selecting the material of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 and adjusting the parameters of the vibration mode and the geometric dimension of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1;
under the condition that the input frequency, the material and the vibration mode of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 are determined, the specific size of the vibrator used by the piezoelectric drive 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 is determined by the formula (1) or the formula (2);
in a low-frequency band, a thin wafer type vibrator is selected for the piezoelectric drive 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 to vibrate along the radial direction, and the corresponding resonance frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 in a fundamental wave resonance mode is as follows:
wherein f isr1Is the fundamental resonance frequency, D is the diameter of the thin disc type vibrator, rho is the density of the material,
for short-circuit compliance coefficient, σ is Poisson's ratio, η1Is the root of Bessel function and is related to Poisson's ratio, e.g. 0.27, η1＝2.03；σ＝0.30，η1＝2.05；σ＝0.36，η1＝2.08；
In a very low frequency band, the piezoelectric drive 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 select strip-shaped thin sheet vibrators to vibrate along the length direction, and the resonance frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 in a half-wave resonance mode is as follows:
wherein f isr2Is half-wave resonant frequency, L1Is the length of a piezoelectric driven 1-1 strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator, L2The length of the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator is shown, rho is the density of the material,
short circuit compliance factor;
is the open circuit compliance coefficient;
the electrically small antenna 2 is a short element antenna, and the length of the short element antenna is less than or equal to one percent of radiation wavelength in a low frequency/very low frequency band.
The working principle and the process of the miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure are as follows:
firstly, a piezoelectric driver 1-1 converts input source voltage into mechanical vibration, the piezoelectric driver 1-1 is made of piezoelectric materials, an electrode 1-3 transmits the input voltage to the piezoelectric driver 1-1 by utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric materials, when an alternating current electric field is applied to the piezoelectric driver 1-1, the direction of the electric field is consistent with a piezoelectric axis, the piezoelectric materials are compressed and extended alternately in the same period according to the phase of the electric field, and the vibration is transmitted in the piezoelectric materials in the form of sound waves; the geometrical size of the piezoelectric material is adjusted, so that the mechanical resonance frequency of the piezoelectric drive 1-1 is the same as the frequency of the input voltage, and at the moment, the sound wave exists in the piezoelectric material in the form of standing wave and the amplitude reaches the maximum value;
secondly, the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 converts mechanical vibration into high-voltage output, the mechanical vibration can be transmitted to the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 from the piezoelectric drive 1-1 through the electrode 1-3 due to the tight connection of the piezoelectric drive 1-1, the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 is also made of piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 converts the mechanical vibration on the piezoelectric drive 1-1 into voltage by utilizing the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric materials, the voltage is output by the voltage stage 1-3, compared with the low-voltage input of the piezoelectric drive 1-1, the output voltage on the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 is increased by Q times, and Q is a quality factor of the whole structure;
finally, the output high voltage is used as an excitation source of the electrically small antenna 2 to realize the radiation of electromagnetic waves, and the energy of the whole system follows the conversion process of electric energy-mechanical energy-electric energy-electromagnetic energy.
Example one
Fig. 3 illustrates a miniaturized low frequency/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure with a resonant frequency of 100kHz in a low frequency band, and the working range of a radial vibration mode of a thin disc type oscillator is 90kHz-1MHz, so that the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 herein adopts an integrated piezoelectric structure of radial vibration. The piezoelectric material forming the piezoelectric drive 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 is PZT-8, the polarization direction P and the vibration direction T are shown in figure 3, the piezoelectric drive 1-1, the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 and the electrodes 1-3 are connected through conductive adhesive, and the physical parameters of the PZT-8 are as follows: density rho 7.6g cm-3Poisson's ratio σ of 0.32, relative dielectric constant
Mechanical quality factor Qm1000, piezoelectric constant d31＝-97×10-12m·V-1Short circuit compliance factor
At a known pressureIn the case of the physical parameters of the electric material and the resonance frequency, the radius r of the thin wafer type resonator can be obtained as 11.8mm according to the formula (1). In order to ensure that the fundamental wave of radial vibration is the main component in the piezoelectric structure, the ratio of the diameter D and the thickness t of the thin wafer type vibrator satisfies D/t<20, selecting the thickness t of the piezoelectric drive to be 1-112mm, 1-2 thickness t of piezoelectric transduction2The thickness of the electrodes 1-3 was 5 μm, 4 mm.
FIG. 4 is a physical equivalent circuit model of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 based on the thin disk type vibrator of radial vibration, wherein R, L, C is the equivalent resistance, the equivalent inductance and the equivalent capacitance, respectively, Cd1Is an input capacitance, Cd2Is the output capacitance. Step-up ratio a of the radial vibration type acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1vComprises the following steps:
wherein R isLIs a load resistance, frIs a resonant frequency, Cd2Is an output capacitor, R is an equivalent resistor, Cd2And the calculation formula of R is as follows:
at a resonance frequency of 100kHz, the equivalent load of the electrically small antenna 2 can be regarded as no load, i.e. RLThe no-load step-up ratio of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 was calculated to be 285 by substituting the physical parameters of the piezoelectric material PZT-8 into equations (3) to (5). The electrically small antenna 2 is a short element antenna, the size of which is one thousandth of the radiation wavelength.
t1And t2The thickness of (A) can be selected as desired, and t can be shown by the formulas (3) to (5)1And t2The thickness of (A) affects the equivalent circuit parameters R, Cd2Step-up ratio AvThe step-up ratio can be calculated directly from equations (3) - (5) for a given structure; conversely, if a given literPressure ratio calculation t1And t2，t1And t2Should be formed by D/t<20 and formulae (3) - (5) are jointly identified; the thickness of the electrodes 1-3 is selected to be 5 μm according to the empirical value and the factors of processing technique and measurement precision.
Example two
Fig. 5 illustrates a miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure with a resonant frequency at 20kHz in the very low frequency band. The working range of the long strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator along the length vibration mode is 200Hz-30kHz, and the multilayer piezoelectric structure has higher voltage boosting ratio than the single-layer structure, so that the acoustic standing wave resonance structure 1 adopts an integrated multilayer piezoelectric structure. The piezoelectric material forming the piezoelectric driver 1-1 and the piezoelectric transducer 1-2 also adopts PZT-8, the polarization direction P and the vibration direction T are shown in figure 5, and the connection among the piezoelectric driver 1-1, the piezoelectric transducer 1-2 and the electrode 1-3 in a multilayer structure is realized by conductive adhesive. The physical parameters of PZT-8 are: density rho 7.6g cm-3Poisson's ratio σ of 0.32, relative dielectric constant
Mechanical quality factor Qm1000, piezoelectric constant d31＝-97×10-12m·V-1Short circuit compliance factor
Open circuit compliance factor
Knowing the physical parameters of the piezoelectric material, the half-wave resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is 20kHz, and the length L of the piezoelectric drive 1-1 elongated thin sheet vibrator can be obtained according to the formula (2)1Length L of piezoelectric transduction 1-2 strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator being 42.3mm249.2 mm. Ensuring that the fundamental wave of the vibration in the length direction is mainly used in the piezoelectric structure, and the total length L of the strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator is equal to L1+L2The width W and the thickness t are far larger than the width W and the thickness t, the width W is 10.6mm, the thickness t is 1.2mm, the piezoelectric driver 1-1 has 10 layers, each layer is 0.12mm, and the thickness of the electrode 1-3 is 5 mum。
The width and thickness have little influence on the resonance frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1.
At the resonant frequency of 20kHz, the equivalent load of the electrically small antenna 2 can be regarded as no load, and the no-load step-up ratio of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 at this time is:
wherein QmIs a mechanical quality factor, K31Is a transverse electromechanical coupling coefficient, K, of the strip-shaped thin-sheet vibrator33The longitudinal electromechanical coupling coefficient is L, and the total length L of the piezoelectric driving 1-1 and the piezoelectric transduction 1-2 strip-shaped thin sheet vibrators is equal to L1+L2And t is the thickness of the strip-shaped thin-sheet vibrator.
The physical parameters of PZT-8 and the geometric dimension of the strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator are substituted into formula (6), and the voltage boost ratio of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 corresponding to the resonant frequency of 20kHz is 2446. The electrically small antenna 2 is a short element antenna, the size of which is one thousandth of the radiation wavelength.
The number of layers N can affect the capacitance, inductance and voltage boosting ratio in the figure 4, N can be selected according to needs, the thickness of the electrodes 1-3 is selected to be 5 micrometers according to empirical values and by combining factors such as processing technology and measurement precision.
At a low frequency band, corresponding to a radiation wavelength of 103m～104m, corresponding to a radiation wavelength of 10 in the very low frequency band4m～105m, the size of the traditional electrically small antenna is one tenth of the radiation wavelength and can reach several kilometers; for the antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure, the working frequency is determined by the resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 but not the size of the antenna, the piezoelectric material is selected from piezoelectric ceramic PZT-8, in a low frequency band, a thin wafer type vibrator is adopted in a radial vibration mode, the radial dimension range of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is 3.9 mm-39 mm, in a very low frequency band, a thin and long piece in the length direction is adopted in a vibration mode, and the length range of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is 61 mm-610 mm.
The structural size of the electrically small antenna 2 may be equal to or less than one hundredth of the radiation wavelength, and therefore, the size of the antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 as a whole may be made small, for example, at 300kHz, less than 1m, and the antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure 1 is miniaturized.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The miniaturized low-frequency/very low-frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure is characterized by consisting of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) and the electrically small antenna (2),
the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) is used for impedance transformation and boosting to transmit the output high voltage to the electrically small antenna (2);
the small electric antenna (2) is used for realizing the radiation of electromagnetic waves by taking the high voltage output by the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) as an excitation source;
the acoustic standing wave resonance structure (1) consists of a piezoelectric drive (1-1), a piezoelectric transduction (1-2) and an electrode (1-3);
a piezoelectric drive (1-1) for generating mechanical vibration in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) under excitation of an input source voltage;
a piezoelectric transducer (1-2) for converting mechanical vibrations in the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) into a voltage output;
the electrode (1-3) is used for transmitting an input voltage to the piezoelectric driver (1-1), connecting the piezoelectric driver (1-1) and the piezoelectric transducer (1-2) and outputting a voltage generated on the piezoelectric transducer (1-2);
the piezoelectric drive (1-1) and the piezoelectric transduction (1-2) adopt a multi-element piezoelectric ceramic material which takes lead titanate and lead zirconate titanate as main bodies;
the vibration mode of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure (1) is any one of a stretching vibration mode, a bending vibration mode and a thickness shear vibration mode;
the electrically small antenna (2) adopts a short element antenna.
2. The miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on an acoustic standing wave resonant structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the electrodes (1-3) is 3, respectively provided at both ends of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) and at the junction of the piezoelectric driver (1-1) and the piezoelectric transducer (1-2).
3. The miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric driver (1-1) and the piezoelectric transducer (1-2) select a thin disk type vibrator vibrating radially in the low frequency band; and selecting a strip-shaped thin sheet vibrator which vibrates along the length direction in the very low frequency band.
4. The miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrodes (1-3) are silver palladium electrodes or silver electrodes.
5. The miniaturized low/very low frequency transmitting antenna based on the acoustic standing wave resonant structure of claim 3, wherein the resonant frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonant structure (1) in the fundamental resonant mode in the low frequency band is:
wherein f isr1Is the fundamental resonance frequency, D is the diameter of the thin disc type vibrator, rho is the density of the material,
for short-circuit compliance coefficient, σ is Poisson's ratio, η1Is the root of a Bessel function;
in the very low frequency band, the resonance frequency of the acoustic standing wave resonance structure (1) in the half-wave resonance mode is as follows:
wherein f isr2Is half-wave resonant frequency, L1Is the length of the piezoelectric driven (1-1) elongated thin sheet vibrator, L2Is the length of the piezoelectric transduction (1-2) elongated thin sheet vibrator, rho is the density of the material,
short circuit compliance factor;
open circuit compliance factor.
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| CN113224509B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-06-14 | 华南理工大学 | Acoustic wave resonance electrically small antenna and preparation method thereof |
| CN113745796B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-11-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Polarization controllable acoustic excitation antenna |
| CN114024131B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-01-24 | 北京邮电大学 | Piezoelectric mechanical antenna, preparation method thereof and communication equipment |
| CN114039199B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-12-06 | 北京邮电大学 | Piezoelectric ring mechanical antenna with tunable frequency and communication equipment |
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