CN108705928A

CN108705928A - Use the mixed powered vehicle heat management of dynamic heater

Info

Publication number: CN108705928A
Application number: CN201810321127.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 大卫·科拉纹森佐
Original assignee: Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC
Current assignee: Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC
Priority date: 2017-04-11
Filing date: 2018-04-11
Publication date: 2018-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-11
Also published as: MX2018004403A; WO2018191410A1; DE102018108623A1; CA3000362A1; CN108705928B

Abstract

A kind of system and method for the application of hybrid electric internal combustion engine are provided, wherein, in the application that such as commerial vehicle, off highway vehicle and state type engine are installed, dynamotor, narrow changeable connection part and torque transmission unit between the two are arranged and are located in the controlled environment of engine front.Preferably, dynamotor is oriented and changeable connection part is horizontal is upwardly deviated from, and the front end of changeable connection part and engine crankshaft is coaxially arranged.Changeable connection part be crankshaft vibrations damper, engine accessories driving portion belt wheel and can disconnecting clutch overlapping portion integrated unit, to clutch-belt wheel-damper elements axial depth with routine band driving pulley and engine damper it is almost identical.Front end motor-generator system includes the power storage portion for receiving the electric energy caused by dynamotor when connection part is engaged.When connection part is detached from, dynamotor can use the energy returned from energy storage unit to drive the pulley portion of clutch-belt wheel-damper to drive engine accessories, and independent of engine crankshaft.

Description

Use the mixed powered vehicle heat management of dynamic heater

The application is the US patent application serial numbers No.15/378 submitted on December 14th, 2016,139 part continuation application, The complete disclosure of this application is hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description herein by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid electric vehicles, particularly, are related to a kind of for hybrid power power generation and storage The system that system selectively couples with internal combustion engine.The invention further relates to a kind of methods operating the system.

Background technology

Hybrid electric vehicle with the internal combustion engine combined with dynamotor and electric energy storage system at For suitable focus of attention in automotive field, especially in passenger car field.The development of hybrid electric vehicle system is most Closely just start that people is caused to set the commercialization of truck and bus in such as class of vehicle 2-8 and off highway vehicle, the earthwork The notable interest of standby and railway applications and fixed internal combustion engine power plant.

Hybrid electric technology provides many advantages, including fuel efficiency improvement, help to meet government regulation and want Reduction, improved vehicle performance and the lower fleet's operation cost of the internal combustion engine discharge and vehicle noise asked.These are excellent It is (such as no caused by braking that gesture reacquires the energy that otherwise can be wasted to great extent by means of hybrid electric system Can then be dissipated as to the mechanical energy of extraneous thermal energy) and another time when needed return and obtain energy, such as instead of making Use internal combustion engine as power supply to vehicle part power or assist vehicle propulsion, ability and obtain.

Typically, hybrid electric vehicle dynamotor be arranged to independently of internal combustion engine (for example, engine to It is provided with power to front-wheel using the electro-motor of separation while trailing wheel provides thrust power and wheel recovers energy in the past), or Be coupled to engine, for example, be integrated into engine " rear portion " (that is, one end that the flywheel of engine is positioned) or engine with extremely Between the power train (driveline) of wheel.Allow dynamoelectric and power generation machine equipment that torque is direct in position that should be " behind engine " It is transported to the power train and wheel of vehicle, and is for example directly driven by power train during regenerative braking event.The latter's Example includes flywheel-type dynamotor and the electro-motor of separation, in flywheel-type dynamotor, the flywheel of typical engine It is modified to be used as dynamo-electric machine rotor and the stator installed with one heart is located at around flywheel, the electro-motor of separation is arranged It is so-called given by General Motors Corporation such as in the light-duty pick ups of 2009GMC Silverado between engine and driving wheel " double mode hybrid power " speed changer, in the speed changer, speed changer accommodates two for vehicle propulsion and electric energy production Electro-motor.

Another form that dynamotor is added to internal combustion engine is to use so-called starter generator.This method will Electro-motor is directly coupled to engine to act as the generator (work(implemented conventionally by conventional band driving alternating current generator Both can) and engine starter, to reduce the alternating current generator of repetition and the weight and cost of starter electro-motor.It is this Starter generator device is especially useful in so-called engine stop-and-go system, and the stretch engine when vehicle is stopped stops Only starting system closes engine to save fuel and reduce idle exhaust emission (idling emission).Starter generator quilt It is located in behind engine (for example, the flywheel motor-generator being suitably engineered can also be used as starter), and is mounted In the front end of engine, wherein starter generator can drive the band for being coupled directly to engine crankshaft.The example of latter system " band alternator-starter " system is provided by General Motors Corporation and is used as 2007Saturn Vue sport vehicle In option.These systems are very difficult to be suitable for big engine, such as commerial vehicle diesel motor, because electro-motor must bigger The much higher torque-demand of these heavy engines of the various parts for such as being started and being operated with processing is (for example, engine cools down The power of the possible demand 50KW or more of fan, a large amount of torques of demand are with the load of driving fan band).Further, this extension Band driving in system may require that the ability with the high-level torque of transmission, this be it is impossible or at least unpractiaca, Because deal with enough torque-demand thicker and broader transmission belt and belt wheel may than it their automobile counterpart bigger and It is heavier, so that its weight, size and/or cost are restricted.

Another electrification method is that the engine and such as sky of energy consumption are individually driven using multiple individual electro-motors The vehicle accessory for adjusting compressor, power steering pump, gas compressor, engine cooling fan and coolant pump, with by from engine It removes accessory load and reduces fuel consumption.This method dramatically increases vehicle weight, cost and harness and control system circuit Length and complexity have been offseted to potentiality by removing the fuel economy provided by engine accessories load or row from engine Put reduction gain.

The hybrid electric vehicle system of the prior art has to hinder to be used in such as application of commerial vehicle kind Its many disadvantages.These disadvantages include：With attempt expand hybrid electric power train part to handle big engine very High torque output (typically, high torque (HT) exports diesel motor) associated engineering roadblock；Since these components are integrated into The rear portion of engine or caused by directly in power train engine and motor-generator operation interdependency (that is, even if When the rotation of one or the other in engine and dynamotor be not needed or even to overall vehicle operating efficiency not When sharp, the two must also rotate together)；And in the engine of no operation vehicle or the vehicle-carried auxiliary power device of operation separation (" APU "), such as special self-contained internal combustion engine packaging or the Special electric comprising multiple conventional batteries and association holding equipment Pond, in the case of, it cannot independently meet " hotel " load (for example, the night weather control of commerial vehicle tractor sleeper compartment System and 120 volts of electricity needs).These auxiliary power units very expensive (typically, thousands of dollars) weigh very much, and in sky Between be subjected to the big quantity space of demand on contained vehicle.They also further have the disadvantages that：In the feelings of the APU of fuel combustion Under condition, an oxidation of sleeper compartment can be entered during driver's rest period with the associated potential danger of open fire and generation Carbon；And in the case of all-electric APU, possibly can not return enough energy with it is long in the case where car engine is closed when Between provide vehicle all attachment demands.

Invention content

The general introduction of main front end motor-generator system component.

The present invention solves these and other problems by providing a kind of hybrid electric vehicle system, the hybrid power Electric vehicle system is located in engine front end, and dynamotor to front part of vehicle extension to require less or not require Mode arrange.As used in the description, " front end " of engine is that the torque output generated with engine is transmitted to from it The opposite one end in the end of main torque expendable part, the speed changer and drive shaft of torque expendable part such as vehicle or such as Pump the state type engine installation load of driving portion.Typically, the rear end of engine is the position where engine flywheel, and front end is such as The portion of the attachment (e.g., air-conditioning and compressed gas compressor, engine cooling fan, coolant pump, power steering pump) of engine driving Position where part.Although the discussion below focuses principally on the commerial vehicle being aligned with the longitudinal axis of vehicle in engine crankshaft Embodiment, still, the invention is not limited in the engine applications of preposition engine, longitudinal arrangement, and can be used for lateral peace The engine (including being located in front part of vehicle or the engine being transversely mounted at rear portion) of dress, in be adjacent to engine and flywheel end The region of opposite one end can also have the controlled environment of spatial altitude.

Preferably, front end motor-generator system of the invention has the dynamoelectric and power generation for the front area for being located in engine Machine, the rotary shaft line side lateral run-out with engine crankshaft.Preferably, dynamotor is supported on torque delivery section and (is also referred to as For " driving unit ") on, for example, inputting the narrow single deceleration of depth that rotation axis and engine crankshaft are coaxially arranged with it Parallel shaft gear case.Preferably, dynamotor is located in the sky between engine and neighbouring longitudinal vehicle chassis frame members Between in torque delivery section behind, or torque delivery section in the space below the coolant radiator of vehicle front. The invention is not limited in these positioning to dynamotor, but it can be positioned in the region near engine front Any position, as long as the torque delivery section of its installation can be aligned with engine crankshaft rotation axis.

Preferably, torque delivery section also provides its suitable speed ratio (e.g., 2 between outputting and inputting：1 ratio), Be preferably mutually adapted engine and dynamotor speed, that is, provide speed from engine to dynamotor increase with And the speed exported from dynamotor reduces.Torque delivery section can be with cogged gear-box or another driving cloth It sets, such as chain belt, the electronic of portion's (further described below) is disengaged between engine crankshaft and torque delivery section Generator side, torque delivery section transmit torque between dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal and the engine of torque delivery section.Torque delivery section has There is axial narrow shape, is dissipated with allowing it to be accommodated in the coolant of such as engine of engine crankshaft front and engine front Between any part of hot device.

The important feature of the present invention is dynamotor via changeable between torque delivery section and crankshaft front end Socket part (that is, can be detached from) exchanges torque with engine crankshaft.Changeable connection part includes the engine side for being directly coupled to engine crankshaft Part can be engaged with engine side section to transmit the drive part and engagement device of torque between, it is preferable that It is the clutch being activated in the axial direction between drive part and engine side section.The engine side section of connection part includes bent axle Vibration damper (hereafter, " damper "), unlike as special crankshaft vibration restraining device traditionally be fixed to bent axle Separating component conventional crankshaft damper.This be arranged such that can with flexible way accessory drive portion, dynamotor and Torque is transmitted between engine, for example, accessory drive portion is made to pass through different torque source (e.g., engine and/or dynamotor) drivings Accessory drive portion, make engine as torque source to drive the dynamotor as generator, and/or dynamotor is made to join It is connected to engine and is operable to action as motor as supplement vehicle propulsion torque source.

It is particularly preferred that changeable connection part is that have clutch between engine side damper portions and drive part Integrated clutch-belt wheel-damper elements.Driving side section includes the drive for the engine end for being configured to couple to torque delivery section Dynamic flange, driving flange also include more than one driving pulley component on their outer circumference.The preferable configuration also has concentrically These three components of belt wheel, clutch and the damper of arrangement, at least two in these components weigh each other along its rotation axis It is folded.The arrangement leads to disengaging with the axial depth greatly reduced, in order to which FEMG is mounted on the sky of engine front Between in controlled environment.It is concentrically surrounding by the way that the axial depth of clutch, belt wheel and damper is reduced to driving pulley It all or the clutches of at least substantially whole connection parts and engine side damper portions and the point that extends, can further most The axial depth of smallization connection part.

Alternately, in these three parts of clutch, belt wheel and damper portions more than one part can on demand with Other parts are coaxial but do not arrange axial overlap, to be suitble to the engine of the specific front-end arrangement from different engine feeders. For example, (that is, the band that damper does not have around its periphery drives in the engine application not being aligned with damper with driving portion Slot, such as at someIn engine arrangement), the band driving surface of the pulley portion of connection part need not be axially upper heavy Folded damper.Have on the periphery of damper and further has with driving surface and on the belt wheel for being installed on damper front Have in the other application with driving surface, such as in some DetroitIn engine, it can be used to substitute original damping The connection part of device and belt wheel can be arranged together with two band driving surfaces on the belt wheel that axis extends upwardly beyond damper (that is, damper shaft is substantially overlapped both damper and clutch upwards), in other words, can maintain the band on damper periphery Driving surface (for example, to drive the engine accessories never disconnected with bent axle, such as engine coolant to pump), while other bands Driving surface is positioned in axis and extends upwardly beyond on the pulley member of clutch.

Although the damper portions of changeable connection part referential in the following description, are connected to engine crankshaft, But changeable connection part engine connection is not limited to be connected to bent axle, and may be connected to addressable from engine front Any rotatable shaft of engine, such as bent shaft-driven jack shaft or being suitably engineered with the addressable shaft end in front Camshaft, engine can transmit torque between engine and dynamotor.Further, although in the following description, referring to Property a part for the changeable connection part with damper is connected to engine crankshaft, but the engine side of changeable connection part Connection is not limited to the part with damper, but includes the part (such as board member) of not damper, can connect It is connected to rotatable engine shaft, simultaneously supports engine side section (such as, holding and the belt wheel side clutch disc phase that can disengage portion To changeable connection part engine side clutch disc).

Preferably, FEMG dynamotor are electrically coupled to energy storage unit (" energy stores also called herein Portion ").Preferably, which includes both battery and ultracapacitor, and battery is suitable for high power capacity, chronic energy is deposited Storage such as can be stored and be returned the battery based on lithiumation of big energy, ultracapacitor with medium charge/discharge rates Electric energy can be received and discharge so that the very high charge/discharge rates of the ability of lithium battery safe handling may be exceeded.The group It closes and energy storage unit is provided, which can work together with dynamotor, to shorter than normal high level Period (that is, dynamotor more manageable than battery unit input or output loading the broader range of range) inhale It receives and/or discharge electric current, while the long-term energy stores based on battery being also provided and are returned with lower charging and discharging rate It returns.

Although use (particularly, commercial vehicular applications) of the disclosure primarily directed to FEMG systems in vehicle application, But FEMG systems are also perfectly suitable for state type engine installation (for example, spare diesel-driven generator), such as self-propelled is built The off-highway engine application of manufacturing apparatus and engine front provide other engines that the useful space of hybrid electric performance is limited Using.

The general introduction of the FEMG drivings of engine accessories

Traditionally, engine accessories are driven by band, straight by engine crankshaft via the driving band belt wheel of bolted joints to bent axle Connect driving.In FEMG systems, engine accessories are also by band wheel drive, but belt wheel is located in clutch-belt wheel-damper Dynamoelectric and power generation pusher side (" drive part " that is identified above).The belt wheel of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements is engaged when connection part When driven by engine, or driven by dynamotor when connection part is detached from.When pulley clutch damper is detached from, It is disconnected with engine by all engine accessories with wheel drive, eliminates its corresponding power demand for engine.When drawing When holding up operating, attachment is isolated with engine reduces fuel consumption.In addition, because attachment can pass through while connection part is detached from FEMG dynamotor independently drive via torque delivery section, so, engine can close or idling operation, and with very Less or there is no parasitic load, while vehicle is in halted state, to save fuel and reduce discharge.

When clutch-belt wheel-damper is detached from, further system efficiency gains can be obtained, because of dynamoelectric and power generation The service speed of machine can change as desired, to more than one with the speed operation for providing increase operating efficiency Engine accessories, while other engine accessories are operated with the speed of non-optimal efficiency, if it does, reducing overall power consumption.

Preferably, in order to increase system effectiveness, some or all engine accessories can be provided with and clutch are operated alone (unlatching/closing or variable sliding engagement), enables to selectively operate engine accessories, while other engine accessories close Machine is operated with the speed of reduction.With the ability of variable velocity operation dynamotor and it is selectively engaged, partly connects Attachment energy expenditure is cropped to only for required for current operational conditions by the combination offer for closing and being detached from independent attachment clutch It is so much, to further increase overall system efficiency.

Alternately, it is needed with the high power input that must satisfy when in the next engine accessories of current vehicle mode of operation When asking, dynamotor can be to ensure the speed for having the engine accessories of highest demand that can implement on demand driving, while its His attachment than optimal low efficiency to operate, or is disconnected (such as with the dynamotor driven by its respective clutch If fruit is equipped in this way).

Preferably, as discussed further below, FEMG controllers execute assessment such as engine accessories operating efficiency data With current vehicle operational status information (e.g., energy storage unit charged state (" SOC "), engine torque output demand, coolant temperature Degree) factor, with select vehicle operating parameter combination (e.g., independent engine accessories clutch engagement, accessory operation speed, from Clutch-belt wheel-damper band wheel speed and engagement state, dynamotor speed and torque output), to which judgement meets vehicle Operation needs while reducing fuel and compromise structure that energy uses, connection part and clutched state and operation of components speed It makes.Although can be by engine accessories as much as possible be placed in its peak value behaviour for example, providing superior overall system efficiency Make efficient state or neighbouring speed and torque output operation dynamotor and realize, still, specific vehicle needs (all The engine cooling fan of high torque requirements is such as operated to control the needs of engine coolant temperature) FEMG controls may be caused electronic Alternator speed and/or torque output are to ensure that particular demands are satisfied, and then under this vehicle operating situation to the greatest extent may be used Effectively mode it can operate other independent engine accessories by clutch-belt wheel-damper driving.

Similarly, if high (and energy storage unit is filled for the current demand of the vehicle propulsion torque from engine Electricity condition allows), then FEMG controllers can control clutch-belt wheel-damper and be switched to engagement state and instruct electronic Generator is supplied to engine crankshaft by torque is supplemented, to increase the total output for promoting torque, even if this is because of its speed and bent axle Speed in relation to and cause engine accessories with than the efficiency of optimal difference drive.

The general introduction that dynamotor uses

When operating condition allows, clutch-belt wheel-damper can be engaged, so that mechanical energy can be by electronic Generator is recovered from engine crankshaft (that is, being transmitted to the mechanical energy of dynamotor to engine from wheel recycling by power train Bent axle).For example, during deceleration situations, clutch can be engaged, to allow dynamotor use in a regenerative braking mode Make generator, braking mode is that brake air uses and the consumption of relevant compressed air generates brake(-holder) block also by minimizing Or braking pad wear reduces the pattern of the saving of the cost savings and fuel consumption brought, transfers to reduce gas compressor Using and energy expenditure.When there is any other " negative torque " demand, such as need to provide downwards when driving along hillside when vehicle When decelerative force is so that the undesirable vehicle caused by gravity accelerates to minimize, clutch can also be engaged.

When departing pulley clutch damper is engaged and operating condition allows, dynamotor can operate For output torque motor, torque will be supplemented and be supplied to engine crankshaft, so that the total torque that increase is supplied to vehicle transmission system is defeated Go out, to improve vehicle acceleration.

Other purposes of dynamotor are to eliminate counterweight, dedicated starter horse as main engine starter The needs reached.In this mode of operation, clutch-belt wheel-damper is engaged, to allow dynamotor torque directly to transmit To engine crankshaft.The purposes of dynamotor is perfectly suitable for the operating characteristic of dynamotor because its can with Output very high torque output when 0rpm opens dynamic, and near-instantaneous do like this.Dynamotor it is very fast The reaction time of speed and the ability done so repeatedly without overheat make FEMG systems are acted as to draw fuel-saving The excellent selection for holding up the primary engine starter motor in " stopping/starting " system " in " stopping/starting " system, is drawn in the engine It holds up and is started and stopped within one day repeatedly.The short restarting reaction time ability of high expectations in stopping/starting system application, Wherein, it is well known that (typically, lead to after traffic signals switch to green to starting again at mobile demand in response to driver The demand crossed the brake pedal of release vehicle and generated), driver indicates not any significant delays that automatic engine is restarted It is full.For example, typically, driver can have found one second before engine start or the delay of longer time and vehicle are begun to move into The irritating state of bottom line, if completely unacceptable.

Alternately, the dynamotor of FEMG systems can cooperate with pneumatic starter motor together as engine starter The compression pressure of storage is converted into machine torque and exports (typically, pneumatic starter ratio by operation, pneumatic starter motor Conventional motor-driven starter motor is lighter and cost is lower).The FEMG/ pneumatic starters arrangement of combination can be utilized to improve FEMG systems Weight of uniting and cost, because in anticipation maximum torque demand and engine start (particularly, cold type about FEMG dynamotor Engine start) it is associated in the case of, the supplement torque output of pneumatic starter can allow FEMG dynamotor sizes Reduce.In this case, FEMG dynamotor can be sized to meet the torque-demand (example of next lower demand Such as, the expected maximum torque demand in the combination of most demands of engine accessories), and pneumatic starter can be used for providing institute The additional engines the starting torque more than torque provided by smaller FEMG dynamotor needed.

Dynamotor can also will be drawn by clutch-belt wheel-damper clutch of engagement with eliminating via engine Equipped with weight, dedicated alternating current generator is held up with the need of 12 volts of DC current circuits supply operation voltage to typical vehicle The mode wanted drives, 12 volts of DC current circuits such as car lighting circuit of vehicle, to electronic module power feeder and Driver's comfort features (seat, sleeper compartment electricity piece of heating etc.) of 12V power supplies.In FEMG systems, the 12V needed is electric Source can easily be provided by electric pressure converter, and electric pressure converter is by operation voltage (the about 300-400 of energy storage unit Volt) it is reduced to 12 volts required by vehicle circuit.Thus, the electric energy production to energy storage unit charging of dynamotor provides The electric energy of 12V allows to eliminate conventional engine driven AC generator.The storage of big energy is also led in energy storage unit It crosses the number for reducing the 12V batteries carried required for meeting the various needs of vehicle and causes to remove additional weight and cost from vehicle Possibility.For example, in the case where there is energy storage unit, usually may tool can be with there are four the vehicle of the 12V batteries detached Only need single 12V batteries.

Similarly, electric pressure converter can be used to that 120 volts of AC powers are directly supplied directly to vehicle, such as to sleeping Dormancy compartment for utensil either air-conditioning purposes or to the trailer of attachment with operate such as refrigeration unit Trailer equipment (the latter, Preferably, the CAN system of the vehicle of the control of monitoring and trailer attachment centered on being connected to for dragger with trailer). If energy storage unit is designed to provide enough memory capacity, FEMG systems can also be eliminated vehicle equipped with of high cost And the internal combustion engine of weight supports the needs of vehicle operating when being provided with the auxiliary power unit of power to shut down when engine long duration. For example, no longer may require that APU to provide power to sleeper compartment air-conditioning unit during driver's rest period whole night.

FEMG also may be used as active damper to potentiality, with to during various loads, speed and environmental condition sometimes The fast torque reverse impulse (" torque pulsation ") encountered counts.In this application, FEMG control modules can be from vehicle sensors Receiving instruction has the signal of torque pulsation, and instruction is output to dynamotor, to generate counting torque pulse, is counted When to cancel drive train torque reverse impulse.The active damping based on FEMG dynamotor may consequently contribute to protection power train and exempt from The mechanical failure caused by the high stress promoted because of rapidly changing for torque load(ing), and by removing via vehicle chassis It is transferred to the rapid acceleration/deceleration in the compartment of driver and improves driver's comfort level.

The changeable connection part of the present invention can also be used together with dynamic heater (" DHG "), it is preferable that be used in band Have in the FEMG systems of dynamotor, to implement many additional functionalities and provide additional benefit, including potential emission slows down And save operating cost.

Dynamic heater is fluid dynamics device, typically, is driven for axis, wherein in order to generate heat in a fluid Amount, fluid is by shearing force.Then the fluid heated can be assigned to the other application in vehicle, for example, to preheat internal combustion Engine, to improve cold start and reduce reach required by the engine operation temperature that emission control system effectively acts on when Between, or heat the sleeper compartment of commerial vehicle.The example of this DHG is can be from the Island City of state of Wisconsin Merrill Lynch The no.AIR450 models that LLC is obtained.The DHG being suitable for use in commercial vehicular applications can have at one end can be by drawing Hold up the belt wheel of accessory tapes driving portion driving.DHG can also have the coaxial cycle pump unit for being located in its opposite end, to provide foot Enough inlet fluid pressures and volume, to which fluid is fed to DHG entrances and arrives down the fluid forces of transmission by DHG Swim expendable part.Preferably, this integrated DHG and pump will include bypass circulation (further described below), make when undesirable Pump output can bypass DHG when adding heat to fluid.Belt wheel can be connected via the pulley clutch of alternative engagement To DHG, to which when undesirable DHG is operated, DHG can be disconnected with engine accessories driving portion.Alternately, pump can be with DHG is detached and/or is discretely driven with DHG.

Preferably, there is DHG in FEMG systems, so that when clutch-belt wheel-damper elements and engine crankshaft are detached from When, DHG can be driven via accessory drive portion by being connected to the dynamotor of torque transmission.The construction allows DHG to be used to During engine operation and when engine shuts down, such as heating fluid is generated when requiring to be necessary in accordance with anti-idling.

In a preferred embodiment, the working fluid of DHG is identical as engine coolant.The construction and multiple streams in different system The associated maintenance cost of purposes of body minimizes, and by allowing DHG to be integrated into coolant circulating system without in Between fluid to the heat exchanger of fluid, make to cross heat exchange boundary and mix the potential of incompatible fluid (for example, oil and coolant) Property minimize.

In addition to being used as adding heat to the device of working fluid, DHG can be placed on require cooling one with The device of the high temperature operation of upper device upstream, the especially temperature with notable than leaving the fluid of DHG.For example, such as mixing The component of power car battery pack, dynamotor and power electronics can require cooling, to prevent electronic unit from overheating, together When during low environment temperature operation battery pack be also required to be heated.DHG in coolant circuit can be used to these Component, when clutch-belt wheel-damper and engine crankshaft disengaging and FEMG dynamotor quilts especially in FEMG systems When operation by torque to be supplied to accessory drive portion, it may be required that the operation of the cooling of dynamotor will take out from battery pack Electric energy convert with voltage and current appropriate supply dynamotor power electronics and battery pack itself provide cooling.

The use of one in the notable benefit of dynamic heater is to eliminate to potentiality in FEMG systems, in order to ensure When main car engine shuts down, vehicle can be provided with the heating of auxiliary, cool down and power supply in rest whole night (for example, stop It is provided with power and the sleeper compartment for controlling vehicle and/or the environment in cabin during only), and install on vehicle and draw with internal combustion The ability of the needs for the auxiliary power unit (" APU ") held up.Except the APU original acquirements and installation cost for avoiding several thousand dollars, into APU internal combustion engine maintenance costs in row, and fuel consumption cost associated with the weight for carrying APU on vehicle always it Outside, the use of dynamic heater eliminates from the internal combustion engine of APU and discharges exhaust gas, and otherwise this can be in the entire validity period of vehicle Interior appearance.As government is for " idle exhaust emission ", park or long-time rest in work whole night such as during section during the break Make point and engine operate when, bestow new and more and more stringent limitations, this is especially significant advantage.

The use of another advantage of dynamic heater is that operation intrinsic in dynamic heater is flexible in FEMG systems Property.For example, internal combustion engine (prime mover of vehicle is either in APU) usually not in an efficient way behaviour (for example, even if in idling or Also fuel is consumed in the case of being operated under a load with the speed of peak efficiencies range above and below and causes to discharge).When Operating condition requires it otherwise can meet particular vehicle component, the demand of such as gas compressor or compressor of air conditioner When the speed operation of speed above and below, this engine may not also be operated effectively.In contrast, dynamic heater exists It is very flexible when operation, it can be operated in wide velocity interval, and the energy when the vehicle demand heated for fluid is relatively low Enough exported with portion of energy operates.Although being operated with lower level efficiency, this flexibility, dynamic heater are utilized It only needs to absorb energy from energy storage unit by the needs under particular condition, thus it is whole less using energy.This makes energy The minimum energy consumption of storage part, the time that engine can remain turned off before must being recharged to energy storage unit are long Degree extends, and final, makes to recharge energy storage unit when engine operates the fuel quantity minimum that must be consumed.Cause And the acquirement of APU and the saving of operating cost and it is used together the associated fuel of dynamic heater with FEMG systems Consumption and discharge, which are saved, substantially compensates for relatively small dynamic heater and its associated member (e.g., hose, conducting wire, band driving Belt wheel and clutch) weight and cost.

The general introduction of FEMG controller programmings and operating method

In a preferred embodiment, it is preferable that the multiple signals of vehicles of FEMG monitoring control devices in the form of electronic control module, Including the signal that can be obtained in CAN the and/or SAE J1939 bus network of vehicle, if vehicle is equipped in this way.It should One in signal can be that the battery monitoring system of the charged state of energy storage unit among monitoring other parameters fills Electricity condition (SOC) indicates.Control module can be programmed to, for example, three kinds of horizontal charged states of identification, minimum charge level (for example, 20% charged state), intermediate charge level (for example, 40% charged state) and maximum charge level (for example, 80% charged state).Control module may further be programmed to：Clutch is when engaged and is detached from as judgement The charged state of the factor of the clutch of device-belt wheel-damper, dynamotor should be operated with what speed, from clutch- The operation of service speed and vehicle part and operation of some or all engine accessories with wheel drive of belt wheel-damper The current operation what combination of parameter will increase overall vehicle operating efficiency, while meet vehicle needs and meets to be used for The requirement of safety vehicle operation is (e.g., at least in the pneumatic system compressed gas storage tank of vehicle by operating gas compressor The middle gas pressure for maintaining minimum essential requirement amount, even if doing so the integral energy efficiency that can reduce vehicle).

In one embodiment, when the charged state of energy storage unit is below minimum charge level, clutch-band The clutch of wheel-damper can be engaged and dynamotor is controlled by control module so that dynamotor output is used In the electric energy of storage.In this mode of operation, dynamotor passes through wheel by engine or by engine via power train It is provided with power.Once charged state, more than minimum charge level, the clutch of clutch-belt wheel-damper can keep connecing It closes, until reaching intermediate charge level, and dynamotor is controlled to only in braking, deceleration or negative torque feelings It is produced electricl energy during condition.The mechanical energy that the pattern allows non-engine to provide is used by dynamotor on the basis of available, to Continue to charge to energy storage unit, while the amount for the engine energy that must be provided to dynamotor being made to minimize, to reduce Fuel consumption.

In another operative mode, once reaching intermediate charge level, control module can be determined that clutch-belt wheel-resistance The clutch of Buddhist nun's device can be detached from, and dynamotor is used as motor and drives engine accessories to generate torque, and not had There is the assistance of engine, that is, dynamotor becomes unique driving energy source for engine accessories.In this mode, electronic hair The electric energy that motor is stored from energy storage unit suction is to generate for being transported to clutch-belt wheel-through over-drive unit gear-box The belt wheel of damper is to drive turn of the engine accessories of such as gas compressor of engine cooling fan and pneumatic feed system Square.It is detached from engine by the torque-demand according to engine accessories, engine can utilize lower parasitic torque load operation, with It reduces the fuel consumption of engine or so that more engine torque outputs can be used for driving vehicle.Alternately, when electronic When generator can be operated to drive engine accessories in a motoring mode, engine can integrally shut down, such as, when equipped with rise Stopping in the vehicle of dynamic/halt system and when starting in traffic.

Between intermediate charge level and maximum charge level, front end dynamotor control module continues to monitor vehicle behaviour Make state, during braking, slow down or negative torque situation can utilize from by engage clutch-belt wheel-damper from Clutch and control dynamotor with produce electricl energy come further to energy storage unit charging without the use of engine fuel, this is excellent Gesture.While charging during braking, subtract in below horizontal being whenever all likely to occur of maximum charge in energy storage unit Fast or negative torque situation；In this embodiment, it avoids being used to charge more than intermediate charge level using engine fuel reducing Fuel consumption and improve whole efficiency.

Any point more than minimum charge level, dynamotor may be operative to motor and be transported to generating torque Engine crankshaft is to supplement the torque output of engine, to increase the amount of torque that can be used for driving vehicle.To the increase of power train Torque output makes vehicle acceleration that can improve and provide additional benefit, such as because of less shifting of transmission and more quickly Accelerate to cruising speed (e.g., " jump shift (skip-shifting) ", wherein dynamotor adds enough engine torques To allow to pass through more than one gear ratio with vehicle acceleration, the vehicle time and fuel to reduce speed governing disappear Consumption) and improve fuel economy.In addition, equipped with pneumatic booster system, (compressed gas is ejected into engine air admittance by " PBS " In exported with quickly providing additional engine torque) vehicle in, whenever possible, sprayed instead of using from PBS systems The compressed gas penetrated is exported with to generate additional engine torque and assisted from dynamotor substantial is used " instantaneously to connect It is logical " torque, it is possible to reduce compressed gas uses, and then is further reduced fuel consumption and component wear (with additional gas Compressor operation supplies associated consumption and abrasion to supplement compressed gas).

Once FEMG control modules judgement reached maximum charge it is horizontal and therefore do not expect further have electric energy input Into energy storage unit, in order to protect energy storage unit not damaged due to overcharging, control module will prevent electronic Generator operation is generator.In this mode, it is electro-motor that dynamotor, which can only be used only, to drive engine accessories And/or supplement driving torque is provided to engine, or if without current engine attachment demand, dynamotor can be allowed to It is rotated under the idle state of no power output.

Preferably, FEMG controllers are communicated with several vehicle control devices, and (it can be controlled the brake monitor of such as vehicle Different types of brake, such as pneumatic or liquid braking device), engine and/or variable-speed controller and management energy store The more than one controller in portion.The cooperative operation of Vehicular system is allowed in these communications.For example, being low enough to only in braking requirement It is required that using in the case of engine delays device, brake monitor and FEMG control modules can each other signal with to dynamoelectric and power generation Machine is more than the priority that delayer uses, so that if energy charged state will allow the storage of additional electrical energy (i.e. in permission Maximum state of charge energy storage unit charged state below), then dynamotor provides regenerative braking.On the contrary, if behaviour The condition of work will not so that being expected that by dynamotor generates additional electric energy, then FEMG control modules can be to brake monitor It signals, to which brake monitor activates delayer to provide desired braking amount.Preferably, the communication between controller into In row, to provide the ability of quickly more new state.For example, if driver reduces braking requirement amount during brake condition, Then brake monitor can signal to FEMG control modules to reduce regenerative braking amount.

Another example communicated between possible controller is that gas compressor operation cooperates with energy storage unit management.Example Such as, gas compression machine controller can give FEMG control modules to signal to be detached from the clutch of clutch-belt wheel-damper In the case of (engine operate or shutdown) operation dynamotor, to drive gas compressor with desired speed, with supplement Because big gas consumption demand (such as, attempt to fight big tire pressure leakage, dragger or trailer gas by tire inflation system Big gas leakage in body circuit, using the air undercarriage of trailer, the high air release during ABS system brake pressure is adjusted Or the trailer stability system activation on the road surface of low friction, operation stub Pneumatic locking/tripper, Huo Zheqi The actuating of dynamic lifting wheel shaft) caused by compressed gas storage.

It is improved by the operation bidirectional that FEMG systems provide

In addition to the feature, performance and advantage that have described, front end dynamotor method of the invention, which has, not to be required To the considerable advantage of front part of vehicle substantially changed, such as extend the nose of commerial vehicle dragger, or increases diesel engine and supply With the size of the engine chamber of the municipal bus of power.This is by using integrated clutch-belt wheel damper elements and correlation Narrow driving unit in the axial direction of connection and the coolant radiator that FEMG systems are easily accommodated in engine front and engine Between to travel to and fro between the horizontal direct result for being passed up torque of dynamotor.As a result, FEMG systems are specifically adapted for being incorporated to In existing Car design, existing internal combustion engine is reequiped in new vehicle assembling process and by using hybrid electric technology With during updating old vehicle (especially commerial vehicle) and the installation of state type engine.

Another operational advantage that FEMG systems are provided, which is it, makes dynamotor aid engine to provide long in short-term " surpass The ability of speed " vehicle operating.In this applications, the controller of vehicle will add supplement torque and vehicle tune from dynamotor The temporary override of fast device cooperates, and with of short duration " outburst " of permissible velocity, such as allows the similar speed of such as another truck Vehicle quickly overtake other vehicles completion.Of short duration, infrequently the period is so that engine and biography should be confined to using this operation mode While dynamic component overload minimizes, FEMG systems can be programmed to, and provide driver's " hypervelocity " pattern of actuating, that is, Option (e.g., " pressing to surmount " button) can be switched in driver, to be based on needing briefly to increase speed.Preferably, this Pressing can be cooperated via CAN network with the blind monitoring controller of vehicle with surmounting pattern, such as so that once blind monitoring No longer aside then overrunning operations can be terminated automatically the vehicle that system instruction is exceeded.The cooperation is whole by FEMG control modules It includes to terminate a part for the pattern that only the supplement torque of dynamotor, which is supplied to engine crankshaft,.

Dynamotor, which supplements torque, has further application, such as by automatically adding in driver assistance's system Add torque to reduce driver's feeling of fatigue, driver manual change gear transmission will be made to need to minimize when so done, especially When climbing hillside (and when associated safety requirements is satisfied, the adaptability of such as vehicle cruises-control camera And/or there is no thing in the visual field of radar system).

Supplement dynamotor torque can be used for trailer weight decision-making system, wherein add the additional force of known quantity Square and caused vehicle accelerates during supplement torque applies measurement is for vehicle mass calculating.

In the case where there is safety to ponder over, adding supplement driving torque from dynamotor should be constrained.For example, when referring to When showing that trailer wheels encounter the low friction signal of low-friction surface and received from trailer, the instruction for supplementing torque conveying should be inhibited.

FEMG systematic differences are not limited to the application that dynamotor is unique generator.It can be by by FEMG Front end installation is added to engine and/or drive chain and realizes cooperation, and drive chain also includes to after the crankshaft side of FEMG clutches The generator unit in portion, for example, at engine (such as flywheel motor-generator) rear portion, in downstream drive system (such as simultaneously Enter the dynamotor in speed changer), or at the front end of bent axle, that is, in FEMG clutches-belt wheel-damper elements Always side is engaged.

The combination of FEMG systems and " rear end " hybrid electric arrangement gives the possibility of overall vehicle operations improvement. For example, one or two for having that front end system and back-end system can make in dynamotor can be in size and weight Reduce, while also meeting vehicle demand, because dynamotor need not be sized to handle all vehicle electric demands, In, there is no the needs for meeting all vehicle power generations and power supply requirement by only one dynamotor.Further, pass through Operating flexibility can be increased there are two dynamotor, if each electronic hair in the case of other dynamotor failures Motor can at least meet basic vehicle demand, to allow vehicle perhaps to continue to operate with the performance of reduction, until reaching Until time or place that repairing can be implemented.

The operation of FEMG systems and rear end dynamotor can also cooperate, to be based on needing segmentation and/or load sharing To optimize vehicle operating.For example, assuming that engine accessories driving portion and energy storage unit charge requirement lead to simultaneously in FEMG systems It crosses and provides output to the supplement torque of vehicle transmission system and contribute to drive the feelings of vehicle with the rear end dynamotor of aid engine Under condition, load can be divided between dynamotor.Sharing the example of cooperation can be, using rear end dynamotor from transmission System is received from regenerative braking and storage energy, while keeping FEMG to be disconnected with bent axle and coupling to improve engine accessories efficiency (that is, i.e. Make, when FEMG systems disconnect with bent axle and coupling because being unable to capture the braking energy being otherwise wasted, to allow through rear end electricity Dynamic generator captures regenerating braking energy).The flexibility of FEMG systems and the combination of another part hybrid power system is unlimited , e.g., two dynamotor are operated together with the FEMG clutches of engagement, is driven so that two dynamotor provide supplement Dynamic torque or the regenerating braking energy etc. that storage is used for using two dynamotor captures.

FEMG components and controller, which can also be suitably employed in, benefits from the ability that engine accessories and engine crankshaft are detached from In, but without the needs for generating capacity for electric power that will provide for for the installation of whole FEMG systems.It is this " only Motor " application may include having following vehicle, has and does not require extra charge and high voltage power storage and distribution The operation of the complexity of system needs, it is also possible to from using FEMG systems to couple engine crankshaft and the disconnection of accessory drive portion And it is improved in efficiency and is benefited using the ability of FEMG motors driving attachment.This only motor operation can lead to from charged state Cross smaller, the supply of simpler battery pack that the alternating current generator of car engine maintains.

For example, the engine in the container carrier used at cargo-container ship harbour loading/unloading area need not work as The ability being powered to long duration when engine shuts down, such as provides night power for off-road truck sleeper compartment.And container Transport vehicle efficiency and/or torque output can utilize the bent axle of FEMG systems disconnect connection parts and its by FEMG motors to attached The association of part driving portion is controlled and is improved.For example, by every operating condition, such as during idle time by bent axle and attachment Driving portion disconnects connection to remove accessory load from engine, and efficiency improvement may be implemented；It is short while to be allowed in engine shutdown Transportation system is operated to period, the engine for enabling to carry out to save fuel stops operation；And pass through when needing Auxiliary drive torque-demand is removed from engine and puts into the whole engine torques for being output to transport driving portion.Similarly, work as expectation When supplementing the propulsion torque output of engine with FEMG motors, only motor FEMG systems can be connected to engine crankshaft.The latter Feature can enable to by allow engine by be sized to meet " average " torque-demand with smaller, gentlier and cost more It is low and be further improved, and FEMG motors provide supplement torque and always promote torque-demand with the design for meeting vehicle on demand.

To sum up, the front end motor-generator system of the present invention is uniquely suited to, using with mechanically simplifying, empty Between the effective and cost-effective speed Control for allowing engine accessories general electric driving portion hybrid electric system, It is provided to new and commerial vehicle being transformed, off highway vehicle and the installation of state type engine：Independently of engine crankshaft speed The ability of engine accessories is driven, and is operated with storing and return energy long duration when engine is inoperative and is electrically provided with power System, in the following manner, provide significant integrated fuel and cost-efficient improvement：

Make engine accessories minimum energy consumption, to increase fuel economy (that is, working as clutch-belt wheel-damper Accessory torque demand when unit is detached from engine crankshaft on removal internal combustion engine),

The energy being otherwise wasted is recycled (e.g., to generate the electric energy for storage rather than apply wheel braking with by vehicle Kinetic energy is converted into waste heat), and

The elongate member service life is (e.g., only on demand and with the attachment speed and/or duty ratio corresponding to actual vehicle demand The attachment of such as engine cooling fan, compressor of air conditioner and gas compressor is operated, rather than all attachmentes are forced with engine The speed of crankshaft speed defined operates；Make the brake wear and compressed gas that otherwise may require that engine driving gas compressor operation Body uses minimum).

By attached drawing detailed description of the present invention considered below, other purposes of the invention, advantage and novel feature will Become apparent.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1A and 1B is the schematic diagram of the general view of the arrangement of FEMG systems according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2A -2C are the sections of the embodiment of clutch-belt wheel-damper according to the present invention and the FEMG components of assembling View.

Fig. 3 A-3C are the views of the component of Fig. 2A -2C clutches-belt wheel-damper elements.

Fig. 4 is the section view of another embodiment of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the bearing cloth at clutch-belt wheel-damper elements end of FEMG gear-boxes according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention The detailed cross sectional view set.

Fig. 6 A-6C are the oblique views of the FEMG driving units of gear-box form according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the section view of the FEMG gear-boxes of Fig. 6 A-6C.

Fig. 8 is the decomposition view of FEMG clutches pneumatic actuator diaphragm arrangement according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the oblique view of another embodiment of FEMG gear-boxes according to the present invention.

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of FEMG gear-boxes mounting arrangements according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of FEMG gear-boxes mounting arrangements according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the relationship between engine and FEMG gear-box mounting bracket according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is the relationship between engine according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, FEMG gear-boxes and FEMG gear-box mounting brackets Schematic diagram.

Figure 14 is the oblique view of the FEMG gear-box mounting brackets in Figure 12-13.

Figure 15 is the oblique view of dynamotor according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the chart of the power and torque that are generated by example dynamotor according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 17 is the oblique perspective figure of the cooling arrangement of dynamotor according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 18 is the block diagram of the control of FEMG systems and signal exchange arrangement according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the parts AC and DC of the power grid of FEMG systems according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 20 is that the FEMG systems-control power transistor according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention converted for AC and DC is arranged Schematic diagram.

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram arranged to DC voltage converter before FEMG systems-control according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 22 is the schematic diagram of the two-way DC/DC converters of high voltage according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 23 is across the schematic thinking of the voltage and current response of the two-way DC/DC converters of Figure 22.

Figure 24 is the oblique view of the power electronics arrangement according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention for being integrated into dynamotor.

Figure 25 is the battery management system state of charging estimation control loop according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 26 is the flow chart of accessory operation speed selection according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 27 be dynamotor according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention and independently of engine engine accessories operation control The flow chart of strategy.

Figure 28 is the signal of the fluid circuit of the FEMG systems according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention configured with dynamic heater Figure.

Specific implementation mode

Front end motor-generator system embodiment.

Figure 1A is the schematic diagram of the component for the embodiment for showing FEMG systems according to the present invention.Figure 1B is commerial vehicle The schematic diagram of several FEMG system units in chassis.In this arrangement, engine accessories (including are arranged to and are cooled down by engine Agent radiator 20 and the gas compressor 1, compressor of air conditioner 2 and engine cooling fan 7 for attracting cooling gas) it is driven by belt wheel 5 Driving.Belt wheel 5 is coaxially positioned with damper 6, and damper 6 is coupled directly to the bent axle of internal combustion engine 8.Attachment can be straight Connection is overdrived band driving, or be provided with themselves allow to be separately configured the attachment of clutch from belt drive part Or the clutch (not shown) for the opening and closing or speed variable being all detached from.

In addition to driving accessory drive band, belt wheel 5 is coupled to the driving unit with reduction gearing 4, with single in driving The crankshaft end of member and transmission torque is connected between the opposite end of dynamotor 3 (for clarity, driving unit shell is in figure It is not shown).The portion of disengaging in the form of clutch 15 is disposed in crankshaft damper 6 with belt wheel 5 (then in driving unit With dynamotor 3) between.Although in order to clearly be illustrated schematically as axial separation component in Figure 1A, in this embodiment, Bent axle 6, clutch 15 and belt wheel 5 overlap each other at least partly in the axial direction, to make belt wheel-clutch in engine front The axial depth of device-damper assembled unit minimizes.Pulley clutch damper clutch 15 is in its engagement and disengaged position Between actuating pass through electronic control unit (ECU) 13 control.

In the electrical side of dynamotor 3, dynamotor is electrically connected to power inverter 14, and power inverter 14 will By dynamotor export caused by alternating current (AC) be transformed into can be used in energy stores and distribution system it is straight Galvanic electricity stream (DC).Similarly, power inverter 14 is in the opposite direction by the DC current from energy stores and distribution system It is transformed into alternating current input, is powered using the dynamotor 3 of the electro-motor to being generated as torque.Inverter 14 is electrically connected Be connected to energy storage units 11 (hereafter, " energy storage unit "), energy storage units 11 can receive for storage energy simultaneously And energy is exported based on demand.

In this embodiment, energy storage unit 11 includes lithium base energy-storage battery, and lithium base energy-storage battery has per element cell The rated charging voltage (opereating specification of 2.1V to 4.1V) of approximate 3.7V, lithium base energy-storage battery are connected in series to provide 400 The rated energy storage voltage (approximate 300V to 400 volts of operating voltage range) of volt, memory capacity are 12 and 17 kilowatts approximate When between electric energy.Alternately, battery can be connected and be connected in parallel according to the needs for meeting application.For example, each mould There are four 28 modules of the element cell being connected in series with can connect and be connected in parallel for block, to provide energy stores, the energy It is stored with the storage energy of 17 kilowatt hour identical with above first example, still, rated operational voltage is 200V and is Twice of one exemplary electric current output.

In addition to the lithium base energy-storage battery that capacity is relatively high, charging and discharging rate is low, energy stores in this embodiment Relatively low, the relatively high super capacitor of charging and discharging rate including multiple capacity of portion 11, is existed with providing the energy storage unit The ability of very big electric current is received and/or released in short time interval, which cannot pass through lithium base energy-storage battery (allusion quotation Type, this battery is limited to charge/discharge rates and is less than 1C to only several C) processing.

FEMG system hardware assembly embodiments.

Fig. 2A -2C show the embodiment of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 and carry the clutch-belt wheel-damping The section view of the assembled configuration of the FEMG system hardwares of device embodiment.In this embodiment, include the gear-box of reduction gearing 4 16 receive dynamotor 3 at the dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal of gear-box.Utilize the fastener (not shown) of such as bolt, electronic hair Motor 3 is fixed to the shell of gear-box 16.The armature spindle 18 of dynamotor 3 engage reduction gearing 4 it is neighbouring it is coaxial calmly The correspondence centre bore of the gear of position, to allow the torque between dynamotor 3 and reduction gearing 4 to transmit.

In the crankshaft end of gear-box 16, in this embodiment, by the bolt (not shown) across coaxial speed-down gear 4, With the reduction gearing 4 of clutch -19 co-axially align of belt wheel-damper elements clutch-band is coupled in order to rotate jointly The belt wheel side of wheel-damper elements 19.The engine side section (part with crankshaft damper 6) of the connection part is configured to lead to Cross fastener or ensure other suitable connect that engine side section 6 and bent axle rotate jointly and before being coupled to engine crankshaft End.As described further below, gear-box 16 be separately installed to by clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 maintain at With the structure of the front end co-axially align of engine crankshaft.

Section view in Fig. 2 B is the view watched above FEMG front end hardwares, the strabismus sectional view in Fig. 2 C be View at the crankshaft end of gear-box 16.In this embodiment, gear-box, dynamotor and clutch-belt wheel-damper list First assembly is arranged to, and dynamotor 3 is positioned in the left side of engine crankshaft and in the front side of gear-box 16 (far from engine The side of front), wherein the engine coolant radiator 20 that dynamotor 3 can be positioned in vehicle is below or direct Behind in the space in face.Alternately, in order to accommodate different vehicle arrangements, gear-box 16 can be with dynamotor 3 one Act the rear portion for being installed to gear-box 16, it is preferable that lateral space is (for example, be adjacent in engine bottom on the left of engine crankshaft Food tray (oil pan)) in.Gear-box 16 may further be provided with two side electric generator mounting characteristic, so that general Vehicle application that gear box designs can be used for having forward type dynamotor and with being mounted on rear side of gear-box In both applications of the vehicle application of dynamotor.

FEMG clutch-belt wheel-damper elements embodiments.

Fig. 3 A-3C are the views of the component of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 of Fig. 2A -2C.When assembled, by It is overlapped in belt wheel 5, engine side section 6 (hereafter, damper 6) and 15 substantial axial of clutch, the unit is in the axial direction It is narrow singularly.In this embodiment, belt wheel 5 has two band driving portions for being configured to driving accessory drive band (not shown) Divide 21, for example, a part is configured to the engine cooling fan 7 that clutch 15 is surrounded in driving, another part is configured to Drive other engine accessories of such as gas compressor 1.Driving band part 21 in this example concentrically surrounds 6 He of damper Clutch 15 (for clarity, the band drive part 21 for surrounding damper 6 is omitted in Fig. 2 B and 2C).

In clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19, clutch 15 includes the dog clutch element of two axial engagements 25,26.As shown in Fig. 2A -2C section views, in this embodiment, pass through the FEMG from clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 Gear box side extends through the bolt of axial screw keyhole 28, central core dog clutch element 25 in order to rotate and and damper 6 fix.Belt wheel 5 is rotationally supported at by bearing 34 on central core element 25.

The engine side section of the periphery of central core dog clutch element 25 includes external splines 29, and external splines 29 is arranged At the internal spline 30 being bonded at the inner circumferential of axially movable dog clutch element 26.External splines 29 and internal spline 30 are always Engagement, so that moveable dog clutch element 26 is while axially movable along damper rotation axis and damper 6 rotate together.

Moveable dog clutch element 26 is also equipped with axial advanced dog clutch (dog) 31, and dog clutch 31 is around element 26 gear box side (side far from engine) and is circumferentially distributed.These dog clutch 31 are configured to be bonded on facing for belt wheel 5 Space between the correspondence dog clutch 32 of engine side, as shown in Figure 3 C.By being located in damper 6 and moveable dog-clutch Spring 33 between element 26, moveable dog clutch element 26 are biased in clutch-belt wheel-resistance in bonding station In Buddhist nun's device unit, as shown in Figure 2 A.Fig. 2 B and 2C show clutch disengaging configuration, in the clutch disengaging configuration, with removable Dynamic dog clutch element 26 is compressed towards 6 axis upward displacement of damper, spring 33.

In this embodiment, clutch bar 27 of dishing out concentrically is positioned in central core dog clutch element 25 It is interior.The dish out engine side of bar 27 is arranged to and applies axial clutch breakaway force, which overcomes spring 33 bias and so that dog clutch element 26 is axially shifted towards damper 6, to by its dog clutch 31 facing forward from band The correspondence dog clutch 32 in face of engine side of wheel 5 is detached from.In this embodiment, the dish out gear-box end of bar 27 of clutch is provided with lining Set 303 and bearing 304, bearing 304 enable bushing remains stationary while bar 27 of dishing out rotates.

By clutch actuator 22, clutch bar 27 of dishing out is axially displaced to be detached from and engage dog-clutch 15. In the embodiment, clutch actuator 22 is pneumatically actuated, and compressed gas enters the dress above clutch actuator diaphragm 41 Accessory 305, to push the central part of diaphragm 41 to be contacted with bushing 303 of dishing out, so that clutch is dished out, bar 27 is towards drawing It holds up and axially shifts with disconnecting clutch 15.When compression pressure is released from clutch actuator, diaphragm 41 is far from engine Ground retracts, to allow biasing spring 33 to make to dish out bar 27 and dog clutch element 26 is axially shifted towards belt wheel 5, with weight New engagement clutch dog clutch 31,32, to which belt wheel 5 is rotated jointly with damper 6.

Fig. 4 shows the alternative embodiment of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19, wherein clutch 15 is so-called wet type Multiplate clutch.Multi-disc wet clutch includes the central part periphery for being typed into 5 inner circumferential of belt wheel and damper 6 in an alternating fashion Friction and driven disc 23.Clutch disc 23 by spring 24 between damper 6 and clutch actuator 22 in the axial direction Compressively bias (in this embodiment, pneumatically actuated clutch actuation piston).It is rubbed by what spring 24 together bias stacked It wipes and driven chip bonding clutch 15 and belt wheel 5 and damper 6 is revolved jointly each other around the rotation axis of engine crankshaft Turn.When hydraulic coupling is applied in clutch actuator 22 (in the FEMG gear box sides of actuator), spring 24 is compressed, to Allow to detach in 23 axial direction of alternate clutch friction and driven disc and to which clutch 15 is placed in disengaged position, that is, belt wheel 5 The state independently rotated with damper 6.

In this embodiment, hydraulic coupling is supplied by oil, and the oil is also to cooling and lubrication gear box reduction gearing With its associated bearing, and friction and the driven disc of cooling multi-disc wet clutch.Hydraulic coupling is applied through solenoid valve (not Diagram) it is controlled in response to the instruction from FEMG electronic control units 13.The size of clutch 15 is set to ensure can be The a large amount of torques transmitted between engine crankshaft and dynamotor will be accommodated by clutch without sliding.So far, due to clutch The axial overlap of device-belt wheel-damper elements 19 arranges that the Cooling Design of unit should be configured to ensure in all operation phases Between clutch disc be fully cooled.Although cooling down oil by being recycled in gear-box in this embodiment to provide, Other compulsory or passive cooling arrangements can be provided, as long as desired clutch temp is maintained at the operation of clutch Below temperature extremes.

FEMG gearbox embodiments.

Fig. 5 is the detailed cross sectional view of the bearing arrangement at the crankshaft end of the embodiment of FEMG gear-boxes 16.Fig. 6 A-6C and 7 show the oblique view of the gearbox embodiment, wherein a pair of of gear-box clamshell housings plate 35 is packed into reduction gearing 4, reducing gear Wheel 4 includes belt wheel end tooth wheel 36, idle pulley (idler gear) 37 and dynamotor end tooth wheel 38.

Although provide crankshaft speed than can be provided while the desired ratio of dynamotor speed be assemblied in it is specific Any gear ratio in the free space of engine application, still, in this application, gear has 2：1 driving ratio.Gear 36- 38 can be spur gear, helical gear or other gears as expected with the requirement for being suitble to specific FEMG systems application Tooth (such as double helix double helical tooth gear teeth).It is this to require to include to meet the required gear noise limitation of government's noise emissions Or driver's comfort level that helical gear can be utilized to meet limits, the mechanical strength limitation of such as tooth limiting range of stress, or The axial thrust that the double helix double helical spurgear tooth for generating equal and axially opposite thrust part meets can be utilized to limit.

Gearbox-case is pivotably supported each gear in reduction gearing 36-38 using bearing 39.Belt wheel end tooth wheel 36 are included in multiple through-holes 40 in the circumferential ring inside its gear teeth, and multiple through-hole 40 corresponds in clutch-belt wheel-resistance The hole of the front face of the belt wheel 5 of Buddhist nun's device.The reception of this some holes is configured to belt wheel end reduction gearing 36 being rotationally fixed to belt wheel 5 With when by bent axle and/or fastener that while being driven by dynamotor rotates jointly.

The center of belt wheel end reduction gearing 36 has centre bore, passes through centre bore, pneumatic power dog-clutch actuation membrane Piece 41 is located in the front face of gearbox-case.Pneumatic diaphragm 41 makes to extend and retract in piston (not shown) axial direction, piston quilt The cup shell 27 being arranged to engage on dog clutch element 26, to control the clutch of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 15 engagement and disengaging.Diaphragm 41 is shown in Figure 5 for being covered by pneumatic clutch actuator 22, and Fig. 7-8 show it is simpler, Small diaphragm lid 42 has compressed gas connection on face, and it is especially suitable for the FEMG of space-bound applications.Not periosteum How is the design of piece lid, and diaphragm 41 passes through in the front face for being installed in gearbox-case when clutch actuator 22 or cover board 42 The compressed gas in chamber above the front face of the diaphragm generated when on the diaphragm hole at place and work.The access of compressed gas It can be controlled in response to the instruction from FEMG control modules 13 by solenoid valve (not shown) with release.Although in the implementation Li Zhong clutch actuations mechanism is pneumatically actuated diaphragm, but the invention is not limited in specific clutch actuators.Example Such as, electromechanical actuator can be used, is such as configured to extend actuator rod with the electric solenoid of disconnecting clutch component.

Fig. 5 and 8 provides the further details for the pneumatic diaphragm actuator for installing the embodiment.In this embodiment, diaphragm The engine side of mounting ring 45 is configured to support and 36 associated front side bearing 39 of belt wheel end reduction gearing, and is connect on front side of it Winder piece 41.Bearing 39 can be kept by any suitable device and axial support, such as snap ring, or as shown in figure 5, Pass through nut 46.Once mounting ring is fixed in the macropore in the front face of gearbox-case clam shell plate 35 of diagram, Then belt wheel end reduction gearing 36 and its bearing 39 and diaphragm 41 are axially fixed relative to the shell of gear-box 16.

In the dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal of gear-box 16, the axis hole being aligned with the rotation axis of dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal reduction gearing 38 43 are arranged at least one of shell clam shell plate 35, as shown in Fig. 6 A-6C and 7.Axis hole 43 is sized to allow electronic The armature spindle of generator 3 is (not shown in the figure) to be entered gear-box 16 and engages dynamotor end tooth wheel 38 to revolve jointly Turn.

FEMG gear-boxes but and can be lubricated by oil cooling.Oil can be stored in self-contained oil groove or replaceability Ground, in remote location, the fuel tank of such as external container or engine, if engine and gear-box share same oil sources. Oil by the movement of gear or by distributing pressurization oily pump, can such as pass through the electrodynamic pump of the rotation driving of reduction gearing Or mechanical pump, and throughout gear-box recycle, and except lubricate and cooling gear in addition to can also cool down wet clutch from Clutch piece.Further, gear-box can be provided with accumulator, and accumulator ensures to add when the pressure generated when pump cannot be immediately available The storage level of pressure oil keeps can be used to for example activating the clutch of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements.In such an embodiment, Release pressurization oil can be used to operate the actuator of hydraulic clutch by the solenoid valve that FEMG control modules control.

Fig. 9 shows the example of gear-box available on the market, shows the dynamotor mounting arrangements replaced, wherein Dynamotor mounting flange 44 is provided is installed to gear-box without running through fastener using fastener by dynamotor To the ability in gearbox-case.

In the above-described embodiments, end reduction gearing 36,38 is engaged always via idle pulley 37.However, the present invention is simultaneously It is not limited to the single deceleration Parallel Axis gear-box of the type.More precisely, can be other torque powers transmission arrangement, such as Chain or with driving, or utilize the portion of the torque transmitting shaft such as arranged at an angle with the rotation axis of changeable connection part Part drives (for example, utilizing the gear on worm of the transmission shaft rotated on the axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of changeable connection part Driving), as long as they can bear torque to be communicated, without too big so that the axial depth of gear-box becomes not It is acceptably big.The gear-box arrangement of this replacement can be used for dynamotor 3 and be not parallel to changeable connection part Rotation axis arranges but is positioned on gear-box 16 and arranges as needed in order in the region of the confined space instead (for example, dynamotor is attached at one end of gear-box, and its rotation axis passes the embodiment of middle installation with gearbox torque Axis is sent to be aligned, gearbox torque transmission shaft is not parallel to the rotation axis of changeable connection part).

The arrangement engaged always the invention is not limited in reduction ratio is fixed can use other arrangements, such as diameter Variable belt wheel (similar with used in the transmission of some vehicle constant speeds) or can the internal gear being detached from, as long as tooth The axial depth of roller box does not interfere position of the FEMG system units in the region of engine front.

In a preferred embodiment, the reduction ratio of FEMG gearbox speed reductions gear 36-38 is 2：1, which is to be selected Bent axle rotary speed to be preferably matched to the ratio of the efficient operation velocity interval of dynamotor 3.

FEMG system hardwares install embodiment.

It offsets downward it is preferred that FEMG components are located so that dynamotor 3 is positioned in and arrives branch In the region for supportting the engine chamber of the cross side of the vehicle chassis track of engine.Figure 10 diagrams are watched from the front of vehicle towards rear portion This arrangement.This illustrates dynamotor 3 in this embodiment and the bent axle 47 of engine 8 (is located in gear-box in axial direction Behind 16), food tray 48, the relationship between longitudinal chassis track 49 and horizontal engine installation part 50

In above FEMG arrangements, bent axle 47, clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 and engine end reduction gearing 36 are fixed Position is on same rotation axis.In order to ensure the relationship is maintained, FEMG gear-boxes should be to ensure between engine and gear-box Do not relatively move, transverse to bent axle rotation axis either surround crankshaft center line, mode and be located in engine Front.

Although can be in a manner of gear-box not directly being connected to engine (for example, by from being connected to holding engine Chassis rail cradle hangs FEMG gear-boxes) installation FEMG gear-boxes, it is, however, preferable that directly gear-box is connected to Neighbouring vehicle frame member is connected to engine group.Mounting hole in FEMG gear-boxes to engine mounting bracket and gear-box Corresponding arrangement example as shown in figures 10-14.

In Fig. 10, FEMG gear-boxes 16 resist rotation or pass through fastener 306 relative to the transverse movement of engine 8 It is affixed directly to engine 8.Figure 11 shows a kind of replacement method, wherein torque arm 307 (also known as pull rod) is attached at one end The anchor point 308 of FEMG gear-boxes 16, and neighbouring frame rail 49 is attached at opposite end, to provide gear-box 16 Non-rotating support.

The FEMG installation methods further replaced are as shown in figure 12.In this embodiment, mounting bracket 51 is provided with bolt Hole 52, bolt hole 52 are arranged in branch frame peripheral to be aligned with the corresponding aperture in engine group 8, receive fastener and are used for providing The fixed support centered on engine of FEMG gear-boxes.In this example, the flat bottom of mounting bracket 51 is arranged to position It is commonly used in being installed such as commerial vehicle engine at the top of elastic engine installation part.The engine side of mounting bracket 51 It is that must extend to reach FEMG under clutch-belt wheel damper elements and/or around clutch-belt wheel damper elements to divide Gear-box mounting bracket part, while ensuring that there are available enough clearances to allow clutch-belt wheel-damper in holder A part for the holder that unit rotates wherein, gear-box can be connected to FEMG gear-box mounting brackets part.

Figure 13 and 14 schematically illustrates position of the FEMG gear-boxes 16 on this holder and surrounds FEMG reduction gearing 36 and mounting bracket 51 the sides FEMG fastener hole corresponding distribution.Figure 13 and 14 shows that on FEMG gear-boxes 16 and FEMG The correspondence fastener hole 53 of the FEMG gear box sides of mounting bracket 51 is circumferentially.In fig. 14, the engine of mounting bracket 51 Side section passes through parallel in the space of no rotary clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 with FEMG gear box sides part Link (for clarity, not shown in these figures) in the arm 54 that engine crankshaft axis extends.The arm 54 schematically illustrated is intended to Convey mounting bracket arrangement design, it is to be understood that, the connection between the engine side and FEMG gear box sides of mounting bracket can be Any construction for linking the front and back side of holder in such a way that FEMG gear-boxes are fixed in the movement relative to engine crankshaft.Example Such as, arm 54, which can be the bar or arm of welding either bolted joints to the front side of holder and/or rear side, to be in clutch- The part of the component for the integrally casting that 19 surrounding of belt wheel-damper elements extends.Preferably, mounting bracket 51 is designed to make Its FEMG gear box sides part has fastener hole pattern, and the fastener hole pattern is convenient for FEMG gear-boxes on demand relative to branch Frame rotates (" timing "), to be indexed to gear-box with various angles so that FEMG components adapt to various engine arrangements, example Such as by FEMG system modifications at various existing vehicles or fixed engine application.

FEMG systems dynamotor and electronic control embodiment.

The example for being adapted for attachment to the dynamotor of the dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal of FEMG gear-boxes is as shown in figure 15.At this In embodiment, the FEMG gear box sides 55 of dynamotor 3 include multiple studs 56, and multiple studs 56 are configured to engage gear The corresponding aperture in mounting flange on case, the mounting flange 44 shown on exemplary gear-box 16 in mounting flange such as Fig. 9. In order to transmit the torque between the rotor of dynamotor 3 and dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal reduction gearing 38, rotor hole 57, which receives, to be extended To the axis (not shown) in the corresponding aperture in reduction gearing 38.Axis between reduction gearing 38 and the rotor of dynamotor 3 can To be separating component, it can either be integrally formed rotor or reduction gearing.Axis can also be pressed into rotor and deceleration One or two in gear can either be easily passed through using the displaceable of such as axial splines or threaded connection Interconnecting piece and detach.

In this embodiment, dynamotor 3 also accommodates several electronic units of FEMG systems, and as further below It discusses, is used as the low-voltage connection of the electrical interface between dynamotor 3 and the control and energy storage member of FEMG systems Part 58 and high voltage connector 59.

Preferably, 3 size of dynamotor is set at least provide engine start, hybrid power power generation and engine accessories Driving capability.In one embodiment, as shown in the chart of Figure 16, it is 180mm to have a diameter of 220mm or so and longitudinal depth The torque that the dynamotor of the size of left and right provides approximation 300Nm in 0rpm is used for engine start, and attached in 4000rpm Close provide is up to approximation 100Nm for operating engine accessories and/or providing supplement torque to engine crankshaft to help to promote vehicle. The reduction ratio of FEMG gear-boxes is 2：In the case of 1, which is meshed well into typical commercialization The velocity interval of car engine arrives approximation 2000rpm for 0.

FEMG dynamotor design by calorifics, mechanically and electrically consider by constrain.For example, the electronic hair during starting While the temperature rise of motor is relatively restricted by the start-up function of relatively short duration, only when dynamotor is driving When the engine accessories of the requirement harshness of more than one such as engine cooling fan, the required torque exported from motor can be with In the range of 50Nm to 100Nm.In the case of not enough dynamotor coolings, in lasting high torque (HT) output condition Period temperature rise may be significant.For example, in 15A/mm²Dynamotor winding in current density, J when, it is adiabatic Temperature rise may be at 30 DEG C or so.It is therefore preferred that FEMG dynamotor be provided with it is exemplary shown in such as Figure 17 Force cooling, wherein engine coolant or cooling oil (such as oil from gearbox oil-channel) are by dynamotor Cooling channels 60 recycle.It is particularly preferred that a part 61 for cooling duct 60 is also delivered with to mounted on dynamoelectric and power generation FEMG system electronics on machine 3 provide cooling.

Selected motor type may also introduce limitation or provide specific advantage.For example, in induction type electro-motor In, using inverter (flux accordingly increases), breakdown torque can increase 10-20%, and typically, and breakdown torque is higher, For example, 2-3 times of machine rated value.On the other hand, if permanent magnet type machine is selected, excessive stator must be avoided to swash Electric current is encouraged, so that the demagnetization possibility of permanent magnet minimizes.Although physical layout and operation temperature can influence to demagnetize problematic Point, but typically, before significant demagnetization is noted, it is necessary to the current value that big twice than rated current of experience.

It is conceived to this factor, the preferred embodiment of dynamotor 3 will have in its nominal operation range The performance of 150% time operation.For example, dynamotor can be with the normal speed of 4000rpm, the maximum speed of 6000rpm The grade maximum engine speed of 3000rpm (correspond to), and in 4000rpm 60KW or so capacity.In rated voltage 400V In the case of this dynamotor that operates will be expected the continuous torque output that approximate 100Nm to be provided, be used for such as 20 The engine crank torque of the long 150Nm in short-term of second, and the peak value starting torque in the 0rpm of 300Nm.

In this embodiment, FEMG dynamotor 3 and the other component of FEMG systems are by central FEMG control modules 13, electronic controller (" ECU ") controls.Relative to dynamotor, FEMG control modules：(i) behaviour of dynamotor is controlled Operation mode, including torque output pattern, power generation mode, idle mode (idle mode) and shutdown mode, in torque output pattern In, dynamotor output is to be communicated to engine accessories and/or engine crankshaft via clutch-belt wheel-damper elements Torque, in power generation mode, dynamotor generates the electric energy for storage, and in idle mode, dynamotor neither produces Raw torque does not also produce electricl energy, and in shutdown mode, the speed of dynamotor is set to 0 (when not having engine accessories operation The clutch of demand and clutch-belt wheel-damper elements possible pattern when being detached from)；And (ii) (it is such as adopted from Required by the type of clutch actuator, via the component of such as solenoid valve and/or relay) control clutch-belt wheel-damping The engagement state of device unit.

Based on the input of various sensors and scheduled operation standard, as discussed further below, such as energy storage unit 11 charged state, the temperature levels of the high-voltage battery group in energy storage unit and current on dynamotor 3 or Torque-demand expected from person (is operated for example, realizing desired engine accessories rotary speed with the engine accessories for obtaining aspiration level The required torque of efficiency), FEMG control modules 13 control dynamotor 3 and clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19. FEMG control modules 13 also monitor dynamotor and the relevant speed signal of engine crankshaft, with by clutch actuation Device signals to ensure that the crankshaft side of clutch and belt wheel side section are speeds match before clutch to engage, and make damage from The potentiality of clutch component minimizes.

FEMG control modules 13 are communicated using number and/or analog signal with other vehicle electronic modules, are provided to obtain It takes in the data of its dynamotor and clutch-belt wheel-Damper Control algorithm, and coordinates with other vehicle control devices To judge the optimum combination of whole system operation.In one embodiment, for example, FEMG control modules 13 are configured to from braking Controller receives signal to operate dynamotor in generate mode, in response to the relatively low braking from driver Demand and provide instead of using vehicle mechanical braking regenerative braking.FEMG control modules 13 are programmed to, once it receives This signal assesses current vehicle mode of operation and provides instruction the positive signal for initiating regenerative braking to brake monitor, Or alternately, instruction be undesirable to have electric energy production and brake monitor should commanding actuator vehicle mechanical brake or The signal of person's retarder.

Figure 18 provides electronically controlled integrated example in FEMG systems.In this embodiment, FEMG control modules 13 It receives and output signal, the CAN bus for crossing vehicle is communicated with sensor, actuator and other vehicle control devices.In this example In, FEMG control modules 13 and battery management system 12 and engine control unit 63 and the electric energy management component with FEMG systems Communication, battery management system 12 monitor the charged state and other relevant energy management parameters of energy storage unit 11, engine control 63 monitoring engine sensor of unit processed and the operation for controlling internal combustion engine, the electric energy management component of FEMG systems includes that power is inverse Become device 14, power inverter 14 handle vehicle DC energy storage units and electrical consumer part (not shown in figure) between, AC it is electronic AC/DC conversions between generator 3 and the parts DC of electric bus.FEMG control modules 13 further turn with the DC-DC of vehicle Parallel operation 10 communicates, electric energy distribution of the management of DC-DC converter 10 suitable for the voltage of consumer, for example, from energy storage unit 11 400V electrical power conversions to vehicle 12V batteries 9 and such as lamp, radio, automatic seat vehicle various 12V equipment institutes The 12V needed.

Figure 18 is also illustrated from sensor 64 (for example, dynamotor clutch position sensor 101, dynamotor are fast Sensor 102, engine accessories clutch position 103, gas compressor state sensor 104, dynamic heater state is spent to pass Sensor 105, FEMG coolant temperature sensors 106, FEMG coolant pressures force snesor 107 and 12V battery voltage sensors 108) communication of the data in FEMG systematic control algorithms, sensor 64 and dynamotor 3, clutch-belt wheel-resistance are input to Clutch, various engine accessories 1 and the 12V batteries 9 of Buddhist nun's device unit 19 are associated with.

Many signals that FEMG control modules 13 are received and exchanged cross the communication for meeting 1939 standards of SAE J of vehicle Other vehicle arrangements 66 are transferred to (for example, brake monitor 111, retarder controller 112, electron gas with ALCL Assembly Line Communication Link 65 Body control (EAC) controller 113, variable-speed controller 114 and instrument board controller 115)/be transmitted from other vehicle arrangements 66. Such sensor and the operation signal of exchange and variable and the example in their corresponding sources are provided in table 1.

Table 1

Output from FEMG control modules 13 includes the torque output for controlling electric energy production or carrying out automotor-generator 3 Instruction, for engage with the instruction of the clutch of disconnecting clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19, for engaging and being detached from list The instruction (further described below) of the clutch 120 of only engine accessories 1, and for operating FEMG coolant pumps 121 Instruction.

The FEMG control module systems of FEMG system units control.

In addition to control dynamotor and its clutch connection with engine crankshaft, in this embodiment, FEMG controls Module also has the ability for the engagement state for controlling any individual clutch or all individual clutches, the individual clutch will Engine accessories are connected to the accessory drive band of the driving of belt wheel 5, to allowing FEMG control modules according to the mode of operation of vehicle Different engine accessories (the compressed gas compressor 1 of such as compressor of air conditioner 2 or vehicle) are selectively connected to attachment Driving portion and different engine accessories is made to be disconnected with accessory drive portion.For example, when operating condition is allowed, FEMG controls mould The algorithm of block can pay the utmost attention to electric energy production and judge that some engine accessories need not operate.Alternately, FEMG is controlled Module is programmed to, and is operated engine accessories in response to requiring the preferential situation of operation attachment, be will not result in even if doing so High overall vehicle operating efficiency.The example of the latter, which will be, receives compressed gas storage tank low pressure force signal, makes engagement gas The clutch of compressor and belt wheel 5 is operated with sufficiently high speed ensures that enough compressed gas are stored to meet vehicle Security needs (e.g., be used for aerobraking operation enough compressed gas) necessitate.Another example will be instruction electricity Dynamic generator and engine cooling fan clutch operate engine cooling fan to ensure that sufficient engine is cold with sufficiently high speed But, to prevent engine from damaging.

Preferably, FEMG control modules are provided with engine accessories operating characteristics data, for example, with the shape of the consult table of storage Formula.Using engine accessories operating efficiency information, when clutch-belt wheel-damper elements clutch is detached from by dynamotor Service speed the ability of substantially any desired speed is changeably controlled, and connect from the communication network of sensor and vehicle The knowledge of the mode of operation of the vehicle received, FEMG control modules 13 are programmed to, and are judged and are instructed for giving operating condition Lead to the preferred dynamotor speed and engine accessories clutched state of high-caliber overall vehicle system effectiveness Combination.

Overall system efficiency can be by there is a large amount of individually engine accessories clutches (including by opening and closing, multistage or sliding Move variable clutch) and while be modified, even if without independent attachment clutch, FEMG control modules 13 can also use Engine accessories performance information come judge so that belt wheel 5 with meet current system priority speed rotate preferred dynamoelectric and power generation Whether machine service speed, the priority enhance system effectiveness, so that it is guaranteed that meeting most heavy engine accessories demand, or meet another The motor-generator operation speed of the speed rotation of one priority, another priority are such as ensuring enough electric energy in vehicle Fully start to charge to energy storage unit 11 in the predetermined time before stored anticipation event before stopping.For example, in the reality It applies in example, FEMG control modules are programmed to, and judge the present charge state of energy storage unit 11 and driver's rest of anticipation Available time quantum before period, and initiate to there is enough energy to support vehicle systems operation when engine will be caused to close The rate of the anticipation duration (for example, 8 hours overnight time of having a rest) of (such as sleeper compartment air-conditioning) reset stage and energy is deposited The dynamotor charging that storage portion 11 carries out.

Regardless of the quantity for the independent engine accessories clutch having, it is all suitable for similar principle, that is, FEMG control modules It can be programmed to, in spite of having several, many individually engine accessories clutches again without independent engine accessories clutch, All dynamotor 3 and clutch-belt wheel-damper elements clutch are operated in a manner of meeting the priority established in algorithm Device 15.Similarly, various precedence schemes may be programmed into FEMG control modules to be suitble to specific vehicle application.Example Such as, in a preferred embodiment, energy efficiency priority algorithm can exceed and be engaged to band wheel speed and independent engine accessories clutch What construction the engine accessories of highest priority are provided with the simple analysis of Optimum Operation efficiency, but can also judge such as Fruit exists also makes overall vehicle efficiency maximumlly with wheel speed while still meeting Vehicular system demand, then with compromise The engine accessories with wheel speed combination operation whether will keep meet the needs of priority accessory, i.e., with they The speed that corresponding peak efficiency operating point deviates causes total system to be imitated while operating each in independent engine accessories Rate bigger.

FEMG electric energy productions, storage and voltage conversion embodiment.

The relationship between power electronic device and current distribution in the present embodiment illustrates in greater detail in Figure 19.Three-phase Alternating current dynamotor 3 is connected to AD/DC power inverters 14 via high voltage connector.Produced by dynamotor 3 Electric energy be converted into high voltage DC electric current to be dispensed in DC bus network 67.On the contrary, DC electric current can be fed into Bidirectional power inverter 14, using the dynamotor 3 for being converted into AC electric currents to drive as the electro-motor for generating torque.

The known embodiments of the two-way AC/DC power inverters of such as inverter 14 are as shown in figure 20.The arrangement includes six A IGBT power transistors construction, is based on vector control strategy, and switching signal is from controller (such as from FEMG control modules 13) Control circuit 68A-68F is provided.Preferably, the control module for power inverter 14 is located remotely from power inverter IGBT board is not more than 15cm.If it is desire to the electric noise in DC buses 67 is made to minimize, then power can be inserted in filter 69 Between inverter and DC bus remaining parts.

Figure 19 also shows that two main DC buses connections, the high-voltage line between power inverter 14 and energy storage unit 11 Road.Four-headed arrow instruction DC electric current in the figure can be transmitted to energy storage unit 11 to increase its charging from power inverter 14 State, or DC buses 67 can be flow to from energy storage unit to be assigned to power inverter 14 to drive dynamotor 3 or to other D/C voltage expendable parts for being connected to DC buses.In this embodiment, DC/DC electric pressure converters 70 are arranged in DC The D/C voltage caused by dynamotor 3 on the dc bus is adapted to energy stores between bus and energy storage unit 11 The preferred operations voltage in portion.Figure 19 also shows that DC buses 67 can also be connected to electric pressure converter appropriate, will such as come from all If the electric energy of the off-board power supply 310 of state type charging station is converted into the voltage in DC buses 67, to allow when the vehicle parks The AC-DC electric pressure converters 309 to charge to energy storage unit independently of dynamotor 3.

In addition to DC electric current travels to and fro between the two-way flow of energy storage unit 11, DC buses 67 also supply high voltage DC electric current To vehicle electric expendable part, such as car light, radio and other typical 12V are for electric installation, and to such as driving of 120V Person's sleeper compartment air-conditioning and/or refrigeration machine or the AC current devices for cooking surface.In both cases, voltage appropriate turns Parallel operation is arranged to for the high voltage in DC buses 67 to be converted into the appropriate DC AC electric currents of appropriate voltage.Shown in Figure 19 In embodiment, the DC electric current that rated voltage is about 400V is converted into the DC electric current of 12V by DC/DC converters 71, with to one The above conventional 12V batteries 72 charge.Thus, the common 12V loads 73 of vehicle are provided with the requirement of 12V electric power on demand Amount, without making engine drive 12V alternating current generators equipped with the engine of separation, to further increase overall vehicle effect Weight and cost are saved while rate.Figure 21 illustrates the known reality of the forward direction DC/DC converters of such as DC/DC converters 71 Apply example, wherein by providing FEMG control signals to transistor driver circuit 74 to pass through the transformer 77 of DC/DC converters Armature winding 76 manage electric current flowing, FEMG control modules 13 control the high D/C voltage from DC buses 67 to the output sections 12V 75 conversion.

Two-way high voltage DC/DC converters 70 are the electric pressure converters of so-called " decompression plus boosting " type, such as such as Figure 22 Shown in known electrical arrangement.Figure 23 is shown, when the electronic control switch S in Figure 22 is activated, input voltage vin is as how Pulse mode is driven across the corresponding current oscillation of inductor L and capacitor C, lasting output voltage vo is resulted in, around base Quasi- electricity Ya <vo>Smoothly vibrate.

Can be by the way that several electronic units be integrated into the shell of dynamotor, and meet and keep power inverter 14 The short expectation of the distance between three AC phase lines of dynamotor, as shown in figure 24.With in face of gear-box 16 The side of the opposite dynamotor in side, the conducting wire for three AC phases 78A-78C occur and are connected to circuit board 84 High voltage part 79 (in Figure 24, circuit board 84 arrive the dotted line left side part).As for the right of AC phases connection, power inverting Device is integrated into circuit board 84, and IGBT groups 80 are located under IGBT drive circuit 81.

It is comprising electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and DC for inhibiting electric noise to be equally co-located on circuit board 84 The microcontroller 83 of the part 82 of power capacitor and the insertion of FEMGECU.Dotted line is indicated from low-voltage part 86 The electrical insulator 85 of high voltage part 79 is communicated via electrical connector 58 with the remaining part of FEMG systems and vehicle part. Caused by dynamotor 3 or high voltage that dynamotor 3 is received from energy storage unit 11 and high current are from circuit The high voltage part 79 of plate 84 is transmitted to high voltage connection via the subsequent circuit paths in outer surface (not shown) of circuit board Part 59.

The integrated advantage of the dynamotor and power electronics of this high level has, and the simplified and lower installation of cost makes The electrical loss for crossing the connection of longer distance between dynamotor and power electronics minimizes, and by dynamotor Some forces the cooling ability for providing cooling without additional special electronic cooling arrangement to power electronics.

FEMG system capacities store and battery management controller embodiment.

The storage battery for being used for energy storage unit 11 in this embodiment is based on lithiumation, is lithium ion specifically Battery.The conventional batteries of such as plumbic acid chemical action are compared, lithium ion is lighter with several advantages, including weight, to " quickly filling The compatibility of electricity " charge rate is more preferable, and power density is high, energy stores and returns efficient, and has extended cycle life.

Energy storage unit 11 is sized to can to receive very big electric current from dynamotor 3 and by very big electric current It is supplied to dynamotor 3, and bent shaft-driven dynamotor can generate the electrical power of multikilowatt, when clutch-belt wheel- When damper elements are detached from engine crankshaft, drawn to drive with the torque for generating 100Nm or more except the electric current of sufficiently high pressure is required It holds up except attachment, the dynamotor of energy stores power supply can require the high-tension current of 300 peak amperes to draw to start diesel oil It holds up.

While super capacitor can handle the peak point current demand of FEMG systems, the battery unit of energy storage unit 11 Divide and be sized to be capable of providing follow current discharge rate and gross energy output, to meet the current needs of most demand.Based on quotient With the experience of vehicle operating, in this embodiment, the cell part size of energy storage unit 11 is fixed at ensuring per hour with equivalent 58KW excellent operations ten minutes (correspond to only by dynamotor certain intervals with the operation engine cooling of its maximum speed The power demand of fan, and and the use of air-conditioning and gas compressor deposited).Calculating is shown, it is assumed that power inverter 14 Operating efficiency be 95%, discharge to 58KW per hour 10 minutes ask that from energy storage unit 11 withdraw 10KWh (kilowatt When) energy.Using the system voltage of 400V, this discharge capacity requires energy storage unit battery to have approximation 15Ah (ampere-hour) Memory capacity.

Except the battery capacity of computational minimization to meet expected maximum vehicle demand in addition to, the battery of energy storage unit 11 Partial design has also contemplated base line operations needs.For example, in the presence of the operation phase for incompletely making energy storage unit battery discharge It hopes, the situation of emergency vehicle needs cannot be met (such as when dynamotor is operating as drawing by both avoiding encountering energy storage unit Engine can not be started when holding up starting device), it also avoids because discharging into the lowest element operation of battery unit manufacturer recommendation (for 3.8V-4.2V lithium-base battery units, typically, be not less than 1.5-2V/ units) below voltage and caused by potentiality Failure of battery cells.Therefore, the design of the energy storage unit of the present embodiment includes maximum electric discharge demand not by energy storage unit Battery portion discharges into 50% requirement below of capacity.The requirement leads to battery capacity of the energy storage unit 11 with 30Ah.

It is 30Ah in design object and the use of each independent rated voltage is 3.8V and is put with the discharge rate of 0.3C (this battery unit weight is 0.8Kg (kilogram) to the lithium ion battery that capacitance is 33Ah and rectangular dimension is 290mm X216mm x 7.1mm) in the case of, judge that desired energy storage capability (400V when 30Ah) can be by independent by 4 Battery cells in series pack battery module with output rated voltage for the 33Ah of 15.2V, and then by these batteries The connection 28 of block coupled in series is provided with providing battery pack, the battery pack rated voltage be 15.2V/ module x28 modules= Capacity is 33Ah when 425V (typically, actual operation voltage is equal to or less than 400V).The battery weight is approximation 90Kg (not having shell) and volume are approximate 50 liters (liter), and the weight and size are easy the chassis rail one with commerial vehicle It rises and accommodates.

Energy storage unit 11 is provided with battery management system (BMS) 12.BMS control modules monitor the charged state of battery pack And temperature, battery maintenance task (the charging shape of monitoring and adjustment single battery or battery pack of processing such as unit balance State), and battery state information is communicated to FEMG control modules 13.Battery management system 12 can be with FEMG control modules 13 cooperatively position or are remotely located from the another location of the battery pack in energy storage unit 11；However, and energy stores Battery management system 12 is installed together, module energy storage system is allowed to dispose and replace in portion 11.

Another design consideration for receiving and discharging a large amount of high-tension currents about energy storage unit 11 is to need to cool down.In this reality Apply in example, it is desirable that cooling FEMG components, energy storage unit 11, dynamotor 3, power inverter 14, gear-box 16 and from Among the clutch 15 of clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19, battery storage 11 is for cooling to avoid due to being more than temperature condition And damaging has maximum needs.The preferable temperature opereating specification of lithium ion battery is -20 DEG C to 55 DEG C.These temperature and operation Temperature extremes compares, and Operating Temperature Limit is about 150 DEG C for dynamotor 3, is 125 DEG C for power inverter 14, And it is 130 DEG C for gear-box 16 (and if clutch is oil bath wet clutch, clutch 15).In the implementation In example, by making oil cooling that all main FEMG components are recycled in gear-box, for lubricating and cooling down but, save significantly on Complexity and cost.If 11 battery pack of energy storage unit receives cooling oil as the gas/oil for dispersing the heat from oil The first component in radiator downstream, that is, recycled in cooling oil and absorb other FEMG components in oil cooling loop Heat before, then this is possible.The arrangement ensures, encounters dynamotor, power inverter and gearbox temperature in oil Before higher, battery pack is received to be flowed in the cooling oil for allowing battery pack to be maintained at 55 DEG C of temperature below.

FEMG system capacities store charged state decision algorithm embodiment.

The charged state of energy storage unit battery can be judged in various ways.Figure 25 be it is workable in the present invention The example for the battery management system charged state estimation control algorithm known.In first step S101, battery management system 12 exists (" on ") is initialized when starting.Step S102 represents the charging shape by so-called " coulomb counting " method to battery of BMS The estimation of state, here, by battery unit and group voltage (V, T) and temperature sampling to establish the baseline charge level of estimation, And it introduces battery pack from this initial point tracking and neutralizes the magnitude of current (I) taken out from battery pack.

Although being provided in real time, very accurately with relatively cheap technology however, this method of tracking charged state has The advantage of electric current flowing monitoring, still, it does not provide due to battery unit because undesirable chemical reaction and self discharge shows As the reliable instruction of the caused charge volume lost from battery.Because the phenomenon is strongly depend on temperature and can result in step The substantially loss of charge being not detected in rapid S102, so, in this embodiment, battery management system also executes additional fill Electricity condition estimation steps S103, that is, so-called " before loop " method.In the charged state evaluation method, battery is opened Road voltage is measured, and the voltage is compared with storing voltage/state-of-charge value, to provide the estimation of battery charge level, Inherently explain previous self discharge loss.In addition, by compared with previously stored information, the speed of self discharge can be evaluated whether Rate, and according to the self-discharge rate, can be evaluated whether the health status of battery (that is, high self-discharge rate instruction battery is strong Kang Du with it is new when relatively reduce).

The shortcomings that method of " before loop " is that it cannot easily be used in real time, because of the electricity of energy storage unit 11 Pond group be used to receive and discharge on demand high-tension current to support ongoing vehicle operating.As a result, when energy storage unit Battery is received by battery pack in no electric current or when in the state of being discharged from battery pack, only in administration step S103 based on Open charged state and the health status estimation of pressure.If step S103 estimations cannot be carried out, the battery management system routine row Step S104 is entered, and the step S103 estimations of nearest battery charging state and health status are used for subsequent calculating.

Local action is output and input and explains based on unit and group voltage, temperature, the electric current from step S102 Nearest step S103 correction factors, in step S104, battery management system calculating the energy in FEMG systems is deposited The available charging and discharging power limit appropriate of operation in storage portion 11, and execution unit balanced algorithm requires charging to recognize Impartial battery unit and apply selective unit charging and/or electric discharge appropriate, so that in 4 unit modules and 28 moulds Cell voltage between block is impartial.When lithium ion battery when in use, unit balance is especially important, because such unit can be with With rate aging different from each other and self discharge.As a result, changing over time, individual battery unit, which can develop, receives charge Different abilities, that is, the more than one unit of (or between disparate modules) may be caused to overcharge and other in module The case where undercharge.In any case, hence it is evident that overcharge or the battery of undercharge may be by irretrievable Damage.

In step S105, battery management system 12 communicates battery state information to FEMG control modules 13, including Information about the present charge state of power limit and temperature required by to(for) battery.With in step S106 concurrently, electricity Pool unit data are stored in reservoir, are used for the unit monitors iteration in future.Once battery state judges and unit balance Routine is completed, beginning of the control back to charging estimation control loop so that and self-discharge rate data can be used when loop starts, To be used in later step.

FEMG system operation modes and control algolithm embodiment.

In this embodiment, FEMG systems operate under several patterns, including generator mode, motoring mode, idle mould Formula, close pattern and stopping/starting pattern.Pattern of the selection for current operational conditions is based at least partially on energy storage unit 11 present charge state, wherein FEMG control modules 13 are programmed to, based on the data received from battery management system 12 And identify minimum charge level, in this embodiment, minimum charge level is the 20% of charging capacity, and intermediate charge level is 40%, maximum charge level is that 80% (level is selected to ensure that energy storage unit overcharges from battery, especially exists The self discharge of single battery unit is in the case of generation unit unbalance condition).

In generator mode, when energy stores charged state is below minimum charge level, then 15 quilt of clutch It engages and dynamotor 3 is driven to create the electric energy for storage, and clutch will be remained engaged with until reaching Until intermediate charged state level.Once it is horizontal to reach intermediate charged state, then FEMG control modules 13 on demand generator, Switch between motor, free time and close pattern.For example, if dynamotor 3 operated in the case where clutch 15 is detached from Engine accessories are driven, then when braking, deceleration or negative torque situation occur (as long as 11 charged state of energy storage unit is maintained at Maximum state of charge is below horizontal), the instruction of FEMG control modules is switched to generator mode and engages clutch 15 with to energy Storage part 11 is measured to charge.

When under the motoring mode that clutch 15 is detached from, in order to provide the speed control of infinite variable, FEMG controls mould Block 13 adjusts the amplitude and frequency for the electric current that dynamotor 3 is transported to by inverter 14.The ability allow dynamotor 3 with The mode of driving pulley 5 operates, and then it is defeated to meet the speed of the needs of current operational conditions and torque by belt wheel 5 for engine accessories Go out horizontal drive, without due to unnecessary high speed and torque output levels operation and caused by energy dissipation. FEMG systems have additional benefit to the variable output control of dynamotor 3, make to convey from energy storage unit 11 Storage electric flux amount minimize, reduce energy stores charging need and extend before reaching minimum state of charge Energy storage unit 11 can supply the time span of high-tension current.

If torque item is not braked, slows down or born to the charge level in energy storage unit 11 more than minimum level, Part exists, and engine accessories not torque of the demand from dynamotor 3, and FEMG control modules 13 trigger idle mode, In, the clutch 15 of clutch-belt wheel-damper 19 is detached from, and dynamotor " closing ", that is, is not operated to create The torque of electric energy or generation for driving engine accessories for storage.

Under either mode in generator, motor or close pattern, if engine requires to carry out automotor-generator Torque output is assisted, and FEMG control modules can instruct clutch 15 to engage, and at the same time instructing electric energy from energy storage unit 11 Dynamotor is supplied to be converted to the supplement torque to be communicated to engine crankshaft.

FEMG control modules are extraly programmed to, and prevent the over-discharge of undesired energy storage unit 11.For example, In the embodiment, when the torque of engine cooling fan 7 and speed requirement are when it designs 90% or more of greatest requirements, clutch (and therefore the clutch 15 of device-belt wheel-damper 19 is engaged to mechanically to drive engine cooling fan 7 from engine crankshaft Also the engine accessories for driving other to engage).This allows dynamotor 3 to be operated under idle or generator mode, to keep away It damages the deep discharge of energy storage unit 11 with exempting from potentiality, and storage energy is avoided to be not enough to that engine is supported to close load The state of charge condition of (for example, engine start or sleeper compartment are supported during engine closes the rest period).

Additional operation mode is starting pattern, for the cold engine of initial start and start and stop function (that is, stopping and being expert at Engine is set to shut down after being restarted when sailing recovery).In this embodiment, start and stop function is controlled by FEMG control modules 13.When (e.g., 11 charged state of energy storage unit is more than the minimum threshold for engine start, enough periods in the presence of condition appropriate Interior car speed is 0, and speed changer is that neutral gear or transmission clutch are detached from, door closing etc.), FEMG control modules are to engine Control module is signaled so that engine shuts down, to make fuel consumption and undesirable engine idle noise minimization.Work as vehicle When restoring movement, as indicated by such as operation of the signal or transmission clutch of brake pedal release, FEMG controls Module 13 instruct the engagement of clutch 15 and energy from energy storage unit 11 for giving to operate dynamotor 3 thus output In a large amount of torques of engine start.(at this in the case of during engine closes the period whether without engine accessories operational requirements In the case of, the matched needs of belt wheel-crankshaft speed are not had, because the both sides of clutch can all be 0 speed), engine start turns The conveying of square occurs from the dynamotor initial rotation speed for 0.Alternately, if it is electric during engine shuts down the period Driving pulley 5 to engine accessories to be provided with power for dynamic generator 3, then when clutch 15 is engaged, 3 meeting of dynamotor It is commanded as being slowed to rotary speed when clutch damage will appear or less.In the case of dog-clutch, this may be For 0 speed or near, and multi-disc wet clutch can be preferably compatible between the belt wheel side of clutch and static crankshaft side Some relative motions.

FEMG systems may further store enough energy to allow the operation of dynamic heater with pre- before cold start Hot and cold type engine, significantly reducing during cold start cold type engine can be to resistance that dynamotor is brought.Pass through reduction The peak value cold start torque-demand that operating condition is expected beyond vehicle that dynamotor is designed to provide, dynamic heater Use also result in the size of dynamotor, the possibility of weight and cost reduction.

The peak value cold start torque-demand that operating condition is expected beyond vehicle that dynamotor is designed to provide also may be used To be reduced by other assistance devices.For example, if engine start torque by the compressed gas storage of vehicle by being provided with power Pneumatic starter motor supplement, then the size of motor electro generator can reduce.The size of pneumatic starter motor can be with It is minimized, to ensure that it can be located in engine front together with FEMG components, because the size of pneumatic starter motor is not Needing to be set to can be by self-drive engine.Flown with rotary Engine compared to conventional electric engine starter motor is kept The option of wheel, this cold start assist cost can lower and weight it is lower, and be to what can be obtained by FEMG systems Energy efficiency of uniting, which is improved, has negligible influence.

FEMG system engine accessory operation speed and motor-generator operation speed decision algorithm.

Under the assistance of the flow chart of Figure 26 and 27, illustrate the embodiment of FEMG system control strategies, followed by the plan The Brief Discussion of basic foundation slightly.

As general case, higher conservation of fuel can by make engine accessories and other component by electric drive when The area of a room maximizes and obtains, rather than the engine machine power by traditionally providing.Improving the control strategy of electric energy deployment is Obtain these improved piths.The method of the present invention is that the number of the motor machine required by making driving attachment minimizes While, make to be maximized by the number of the component of electric drive.Thus, in the present invention, single motor motor is (such as electric Dynamic generator 3) both machine torque output and electric energy production are provided, rather than be the largely or entirely power demand portion of vehicle Part provides themselves electro-motor.This single motor/generator method is combined with control strategy, and the control strategy is true The engine accessories of either highest priority or the needs of other component for protecting most demands are satisfied, and simultaneously, by by its Operation is fitted to the condition practical extent for having been set to meet greatest requirements, and makes the inefficient operation of other attachmentes or component most Smallization.In the control strategy being discussed below, independent engine accessories are provided with clutch, according to attachment, allow them selected It closes to selecting property, with by being driven with speed as defined in the greatest requirements either attachment of highest priority or with use can The speed for becoming the clutch reduction of engagement is driven.

When engine accessories are driven by engine crankshaft, that is, when clutch 15 is engaged, each engine accessories are right Should in these attachmentes can how in the typical engine application of no FEMG systems " baseline " or " original " the control plan that operate Slightly it is mechanically driven under (OCS).In this strategy, the attachment with individual clutch is according to their independent control line Mechanism and operated, and their clutch by with non-mixed power internal combustion engine apply in it is identical in a manner of fully connect It closes, be partially engageable with or be detached from.

In contrast, when clutch-belt wheel-damper elements clutch 15 is detached from and engine accessories begin through use When the dynamotor 3 of energy from energy storage unit 11 is provided with power, the speed of belt wheel 5 is changeably controlled in FEMG control modules It spends, then engine accessories driving band drives band in a manner of meeting current vehicle and need, and compares current operational conditions without providing Accessory drive torque more than the accessory drive torque of lower requirement.Under this variable speed control (VSC) strategy, FEMG controls mould Block 13 using the operating characteristic about independent engine accessories of storage data, with further making to drive electricity in a motoring mode The mode that electric flux required by dynamic generator 3 minimizes simultaneously controls various attachmentes, and (FEMG control modules 13 can be direct Attachment, or publication signal are controlled to other modules of such as engine control module, with the desired accessory operation of instruction execution). In addition, although having depicted most effective or desired service speed for each attachment, because of dynamotor 3 The same all engine accessories taken are driven with a tape speed, so, when an attachment is operated with its optimal velocity, other Attachment may be operated with non-optimal operating point.Therefore, FEMG control modules 13 by the preferred operations speed of each attachment with work as Compared with being sufficient for their speed when the speed of maximum attachment demand drives by dynamotor 3, and judges attachment Whether individual clutch can activated the independent attachment speed closer to the preferred operations speed of independent attachment with output.Such as Fruit may, then FEMG control modules will replace common attachment clutch control strategy and on demand activation attachment clutch with Conveying provides the independent attachment speed of improved efficiency.

Engine accessories speed appropriate is selected to start from determining current operational conditions the desired ideal of each attachment Service speed uses control logic shown in such as Figure 26.

Once starting attachment speed decision algorithm, in step s 201, FEMG control modules 13 are retrieved from its reservoir 201 About the data of the current vehicle operating condition obtained from the sensor of vehicle and other controllers, and judge current operation item Part, the most data are provided to FEMG control modules 13 according to SAE J1939 procotols via CAN bus.The behaviour Work is to judge whether current operational conditions require operation particular attachment, such as engine cooling fan in step S202.If attached Part is opened, then routine advances to step S203, to judge whether attachment couples via individual attachment multiple speed clutch To accessory drive portion.

If in step S203, FEMG control modules 13 are determined with this attachment clutch, then routine advances to step What S204 can be for the desired accessory operation speed of the operating condition of judgement for determination.In the mistake of administration step S204 Cheng Zhong, FEMG control module 13 accesses for example with the information 202 of consult table, characteristic curve or mathematic functional forms, according to this Information 202 can find out the accessory operation speed that attachment effectively operates under the present operating conditions.In step S205, when it When clutch is fully engaged with, FEMG control modules 13 by determining expectation accessory operation speed compared with the speed of attachment, And attachment clutch is adjusted to set corresponding clutch operating state appropriate (e.g., the clutch in variable slip-clutch Device mobility, or have the clutch of such as 3 speed multiple discrete velocities clutch in specific reduction ratio). After according to circumstances suitably adjusting attachment clutch, in step S207, FEMG control modules 13 are verified to check FEMG systems Whether motoring mode has terminated (namely it is decided that whether dynamotor 3 continues on through drives accessory drive portion by belt wheel 5).If being System also operates in a motoring mode, then control returns to the starting point of attachment speed determination processing in view of ongoing operating condition And continue to assess attachment speed needs.If motoring mode is judged as finishing in step S207, Figure 26 routines terminate.

If in step S203, FEMG control modules 13 judge no multiple speed attachment clutch (that is, attachment speed is not Can be conditioned relative to engine speed), then routine directly proceeds to step S206 to instruct the clutch of attachment that attachment is complete It is connected to accessory drive portion entirely.Then control is converted to step S207, wherein implements said motor mode evaluation.

Figure 26 algorithms are the component parts of the whole engine accessories control strategy of the present embodiment shown in Figure 27.In FEMG systems When system algorithm starts, in step S301, FEMG control modules 13 are retrieved from battery management system 12 from its reservoir 201 and are received The data arrived, to judge the charged state of energy storage unit 11.Next, in step s 302, FEMG control modules 13 are from storage Storage 201 retrieves the data about current vehicle operating condition obtained from the sensor of vehicle and other controllers, with judgement (in this embodiment, the assessment in step S302 provides Figure 26 attachment speed decision algorithms to the current operational conditions of engine operation Step S201 in required information, thus need not be repeated in step S322 below).

After judging current operational conditions, FEMG control modules 13 judge the pattern that should operate of FEMG systems and by The engagement or disengaging (step S303) of the clutch 15 of this instruction clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19.If clutch 15 Will under the engagement state that belt wheel 5 is connected to damper 6 (then arriving engine crankshaft), then can by FEMG control modules 13 or Another accessory control module of person implements the judgement that how operated using 5 attachment of engine belt wheel.In figure 27, in step The control of engine accessories clutch is transmitted to the engine control module (ECM) of vehicle by S311, FEMG control module 13, can be with With can be with the true engine accessories speed of the mode compared with original control strategy (OCS).Attachment control is turned off manually in step S311 Later, processing terminates in step S312.

If being determined as that dynamotor 3 wants electric drive attachment (that is, " clutch-belt wheel-damper list in step S303 The clutch 15 of member 19, which is disconnected in belt wheel 5 with damper 6, to be coupled and is then disconnected under the disengaged position coupled with bent axle " " motoring mode "), then in this embodiment, dynamotor 3 is controlled using speed Control (VSC) strategy.

Here, by considering the information about the variable assessed in the characteristic and step S321 of all attachmentes, by step Preferred accessory operation speed is determined first against each attachment, in rapid S322 to implement VSC strategies.

In step S323, FEMG control modules 13 determine whether to be driven by dynamotor 3 at least one attached Part is " unlatching ", that is, in the state that it will be driven by dynamotor 3 via belt wheel 5.If do not had under the present conditions Accessory operation demand, then control return to step S303.

If being determined as at least one attachment in step S323 in " unlatching " state, FEMG is controlled in step S324 Algorithm processed determines whether that more than one attachment needs to be driven (that is, more than one attachment is " unlatching " by dynamotor 3 ).If only single attachment has torque-demand, control process have focused solely on the operation of an attachment of " unlatching " Subroutine.Thus, in step S325, calculates and the single required dynamotor of attachment is driven with its preferred operations speed Speed instructs the clutch that is operated alone of attachment to be fully engaged with, and in step S327 in step S326, instruction electricity Dynamic generator 3 is operated with the speed determined in step S325.Because the speed of dynamotor is by changeably in this embodiment Control, so, the level that can be accurately set in wheel speed 5 required by the engine accessories of driving highest demand.Then When control starts back to control algolithm.

If being determined as that more than one attachment needs are driven by dynamotor 3 in step S324, according to VSC plans Slightly, in step S328, FEMG control modules 13 are determined for each attachment and are driven with its individual preferred accessory service speed Which type of dynamotor speed attachment may require that.Then in step S329, compare calculating speed and " opened with recognizing to come from Open " the highest dynamotor speed requirement of attachment.Then in step S330, the instruction of FEMG control modules 13 needs highest The individual clutch of the attachment of dynamotor speed is fully engaged with, and in step S331, instruction dynamotor 3 operates institute The highest dynamotor speed needed.As a part for VSC strategies, in step S332, the control of FEMG control modules is surplus Under " unlatching " attachment equipped with individual clutch independent attachment clutch operation, the operations of these attachmentes is adapted to At the required highest dynamotor speed set in step S329.For example, because the dynamotor speed (clothes of setting Business needs the required speed of attachment of highest dynamotor speed) operated with its favor speed than remaining attachment required for Speed it is high, so, if attachment can then instruct this equipped with the individual clutch that can partly engage (e.g., " sliding ") Clutch allow sufficient sliding with allow its attachment speed closer to its preferred operations speed (as determined in step S322 ).Then it controls when starting back to control algolithm.

It is provided below for driving from crankshaft pulley, engine cooling fan, compressor of air conditioner and gas compressor The case where vehicle of three attachmentes and the example for executing the above method.

In this example, engine cooling fan is equipped with a variety of of such as three kinds of speed or variable velocity clutch The fan clutch (e.g., viscous fan clutches) of speed ability.Air-conditioning and gas compressor, which have, only engages and is detached from shape Individual " opening and closing " clutch of state.FEMG control modules 13 control the mode of operation of each attachment clutch.Each attachment Final speed be with wheel drive than, dynamotor speed and attachment clutch property (that is, " opening and closing ", can be changed sliding or Multiple reduction ratio grades) function.

In the simplification example, for one group of given vehicle operation conditions, the preferred operations point of each attachment and obtain The correspondence dynamotor speed of preferred operations point is taken to be：Engine cooling fan operates (rotation speed of the fan requirement electricity with 1050rpm Dynamic ratio 1.1 between alternator speed 1050rpm/ blower pulleys and belt wheel 5, then multiply gearbox speed reduction ratio 2 again：1= 1909rpm)；Compressor of air conditioner is operated (the dynamotor speed for corresponding to 1294rpm) with 1100rpm；And gas compression Machine is operated (the dynamotor speed for corresponding to 2667rpm) with 2000rpm.

If FEMG control modules 13 judge the operation of gas compressor under prescribed conditions (for example, when the compression of storage Gas flow close to for aerobraking operation is minimum level of security when) be highest priority, then FEMG control modules 13 The 2667rpm operatings required by 2000rpm rate requests of the dynamotor 3 with Support gas compressor will be instructed.However, should Dynamotor speed is substantially higher than the speed required by engine cooling fan or compressor of air conditioner (in the electronic of 2667rpm When alternator speed, engine cooling fan speed and compressor of air conditioner speed can be 1467rpm and 2267rpm respectively).It has accessed Engine accessories operating curve and according to the property of other attachment clutches, then FEMG control modules 13 can adjust clutch Engagement to operate other attachmentes closer to its preferred operations speed.For example, if fan is equipped with variable slide engaging and disengaging Device, then FEMG control modules can instruct fan clutch slippage to provide the preferred engine cooling fan speed of 1100rpm. Similarly, although compressor of air conditioner can only have " opening/closing " clutch and thus can be with when its clutch is engaged 1467rpm (rather than favor speed of 1050rpm) is driven, and still, FEMG control modules can control compressor of air conditioner The operation of " opening/closing " clutch with by the duty ratio of compressor of air conditioner be reduced to current air conditioning requirements can by only with 1467rpm periodically operates air-conditioning and the point that meets.This method is provided to FEMG control modules and is being reduced by with than necessity The higher speed of speed or the energy dissipation caused by other attachmentes is driven with unnecessary high duty ratio (e.g., 100%) While meet the abilities of the current at most needs of the engine accessories of demands.

In a further example, engine can be equipped with the attachment that cannot be disconnected with the driving band driven by belt wheel 5. In this case, FEMG control modules 13 are it is contemplated that the behaviour of maximum total system energy efficiency can be obtained by compromise Make curve and judges.For example it is assumed that gas compressor currently has greatest requirements, and with the most effective 2000rpm's of compressor Speed operating gas compressor is preferred.If then FEMG control modules judgement engine coolant pump is driven with 2667rpm Dynamic, dynamotor speed can be with undesirably low efficiency operation (that is, the pump speed of the energy expenditure to dramatically increase pump is grasped Make) and vehicle condition allow gas compressor with lower speed by operation (such as, wherein it is current to need to be " binding " compression Gas storage tanks, rather than meet urgent, safety-related compressed gas demand), FEMG control modules can be with instruction engine The lower dynamotor speed (e.g., 2400rpm) that coolant pump is operated with higher levels of efficiency, even if gas compressor It is operated with the efficiency slightly reduced in the speed, as a result, operating these attachment phases with the dynamotor speed of 2667rpm Compare, the engine coolant pump of entire combination and gas compressor operation increase overall system efficiency.

Dynamic heater embodiment.

The embodiment of fluid circulation loop 400 in FEMG systems with dynamic heater is shown in FIG. 28. In the embodiment, dynamic heater 401 is arranged to drive band (being not shown here) to drive by engine accessories via belt wheel 402 It is dynamic.DHG is further equipped with the individual clutch for allowing DHG401 to be selectively detached from belt wheel 402 and engine accessories driving portion 403.The opposite end transfer tube 404 of the rotary shaft of the driving pulley of DHG401, pump 404 provide DHG works to the entrance 405 of DHG401 Make the forced feed of fluid (in this embodiment, engine coolant).In the integrated DHG and pump embodiment, it also is provided with The by-passing valve 406 of Electromagnetically-operating and the drain line with check-valves 408, by-passing valve 406 is arranged to will be from the defeated of pump 404 Go out to be sent in the fluid circuit that DHG exports 407 downstreams.

The downstreams DHG401 are distributing manifolds 411, and distributing manifold 411 receives the heating coolant flow from DHG or comes from The stream of DHG by-pass portions.Then the stream is assigned to various branch of a circuit via solenoid valve 411A-411D on demand, eventually passes back to cold But agent storage 420.Stream is supplied to the entrance of DHG pumps 404 by coolant reservoir 420.

Fluid circuit branch there are four being shown in FIG. 28：Cabin branch 432, cabin branch 432 are arranged to coolant Cabin heat exchanger 433 in sleeper compartment and/or vehicle cabin is provided；Engine branch 442, coolant pass through engine branch 442 pass through the cooling duct of engine 8；FEMG coolants branch 452, FEMG coolants branch 452 are arranged to provide coolant To the component of the electric part of FEMG systems, include the coolant channel 61 of the battery of energy storage unit 11, FEMG power electronics With dynamotor 3；And heat exchange branch 462, heat exchange branch 462 be arranged to allow overheat from heat exchange surface 463 and/ Or it is refused back from system via the cooler 465 in the form of the heat exchanger for transferring heat into cooling fluid.In the embodiment In, cooler 465 receive also with condenser 475 refrigerant loop 472 in expansion valve 473 and by compressor of air conditioner band The refrigerant in 471 downstream of compressor of air conditioner that wheel 477 and clutch 479 drive.Clutch and belt wheel can be with for The identical design of clutch and belt wheel of DHG401.Each in branch 432,442,452,462 is provided with corresponding non-return Valve 434,444,454,464, prevent the adverse current by branch from storage 420.

It is operated together since compressor of air conditioner 471 can pump 404 by dynamotor 3 and DHG, including heat exchange branch 462 provide a system under some situation, such as the ability of coolant is cooled down when engine shuts down.

In this embodiment, energy storage unit 11, power electronics 61 and dynamotor 3 are by same coolant branch line 452 services, however, any of these components and/or all the separation from manifold 411, dedicated point can be passed through Branch supplies, as desired for specific vehicle application.

The operation of FEMG/DHG embodiments and ability in Figure 28 will now be described.It is equipped with operation and the energy of the FEMG systems of DHG Power is not limited to the description.

In this embodiment, DHG401 can be at least to be controlled in a manner of three kinds.

First, because by acting on the rotary speed of heat and DHG caused by the shearing force on the fluid in DHG at just Than, so, the speed of DHG can be varied to control the heat for being input to fluid.If being undesirable to have fluid heating, DHG It can be " closed " by being detached from DHG clutches 403.

Second, in order to change the temperature rise of the fluid across DHG, flowing through the Fluid Volume of DHG401 can change.With This mode, while the torque (then, the power consumption of DHG) for being input to DHG is kept constant, fluid temperature (F.T.) is controlled.

Third, the fluid volume in DHG401 can change between empty and full.If DHG is empty, inside DHG Rotor will be rotated will be consumed without appreciable power, because no fluid is sheared.With the filling water of DHG401 Flat to increase, power consumption and fluid temperature (F.T.) will increase.Once DHG401 is full, then the control of the heat generated in fluid can To pass through another control in control method.

In this embodiment, the heat management of the component of FEMG systems mainly utilizes first and the in the above control method Three.Preferably, the speed Control of the operation of DHG clutches 403 and the engine accessories driving portion with dynamotor 3 by with To control the heat of DHG401 institutes output and DHG401 allowed to be closed when not needed.

When DHG clutches 403 are engaged, DHG pumps 404 aspirate coolant from storage 420.DHG401 connects from pump 404 Work is completed in the coolant of receipts, and from DHG to be exported into fashionable higher temperature than it.With high speed, DHG401 can 90% of the machine power in DHG is input to conversion.The coolant exported from DHG401 is (or via bypass solenoid valve 406 Bypass the coolant of DHG) subsequently into manifold 411.Coolant depends in the path after manifold in solenoid valve 411A-411D Which be opened.The position of these solenoid valves is according to handling in such as electronic controller of FEMG electronic control units 13 What algorithm was judged heats and/or cools needs and is set.Heat and/or cool the example of demand and associated component Operation includes the following contents：

Heat energy storage part (e.g., battery)：Typically, energy storage unit will have temperature gradient, so that its specified C (or rated capacity) declines as temperature reduces.For example, battery unit can only convey 2C under -20 DEG C of lower temperature Rated value, the rated value of 1C can be only conveyed at -40 DEG C.In this mode, DHG clutches 403 are engaged to drive DHG401 and pump 404, and bypass solenoid valve 406 is closed.Manifold solenoid valve 411B is opened to allow from DHG401's Heating coolant passes through coolant branch 452 to arrive energy storage unit 11, while remaining manifold solenoid valve 411A and 411C-411D It is either closed (because need not be heated and/or cooled in its corresponding branch) or is selectively opened to solve other System heats and/or cools demand.Equally, in this mode, when manifold solenoid valve 411A is closed, according to FEMG heat managements Whether loop-external (for example, in the refrigerant loop branch for providing air-conditioning to the ventilating system of commerial vehicle driver room) has Cooling requirement, air conditioning clutch 479 can be engaged or are detached from.

When the stored energy assembly of such as battery in order to prevent reaches the temperature that insufficient power conveying may occur or less electricity Sub-control unit judgement energy stores temperature be when must improve, and can use energy stores heating mode, and cold start it Pre- thermal cell before vehicle in front operation.

In addition, when part temperatures are more than the temperature of coolant, energy stores heating mode can be used to offer pair The cooling of energy storage member.Even if after coolant heated in DHG401, which is also likely to be present, and works as DHG401 by appreciable heat is not added to coolant or DHG it is bypassed in a manner of operate when, which may also deposit .

Heat engine：In this mode, DHG clutches 403 are engaged to drive DHG401 and pump 404, bypass solenoid valve 406 are closed, and manifold solenoid valve 411C is opened to allow the heated coolant from DHG401 to pass through coolant Branch 442 arrives engine 8, while remaining manifold solenoid valve 411A-411B and 411D are closed (because in its corresponding branch Need not heat and/or cool) or be selectively opened and heat and/or cool demand to solve other systems.The pattern It is particularly useful to providing engine warm-up ability before engine cold start, and (coolant crossed by circulating-heating) provides and prevents The ability only damaged because of freezing conditions, and by shorten make in engine and exhaust gas temperature to be high enough that discharge Control system become the efficient required time and potentiality reduce the undesirable exhaust gas discharge during critical engine warms.

Heat sleeper compartment/cabin：For example, when long distance transport truck is shut down at night so that when driver's rest, Ke Nengyou The sleeper compartment of necessity heating vehicle and/or cabin.Under sleeper compartment/cabin heating mode, can by least two come Source provides the heat for transporting sleeper compartment/cabin, which includes the waste heat acquired from the engine to shut down now and carry For the heat from DHG401.Preferably, the waste heat of engine is first used as heat source, to minimize for driving DHG401's The amount of electric energy is stored, DHG operations are then carried out once engine coolant temperature is reduced to set point temperatures or less.In addition, coming It can also be used to promote sleeper compartment heating from the heat of coolant circuit 452.

In this embodiment, in the first stage of operation, it can exceed that 100 DEG C of engine coolant pumps 404 by DHG (being driven by being closed DHG clutches 403) passes through manifold solenoid valve 411C, comprising the branched line 442 and storage of engine 8 420, and recycled by manifold solenoid valve 411D, branched line 432 and sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger 433.To sleep The stream of compartment/cabin heat exchanger 433 is it may be necessary to be conditioned, to realize desired sleep temperature (for example, at 27 DEG C or less The desired temperature of driver).At this stage, seldom or no heat is added to coolant by DHG401, can be with By open bypass solenoid valve 406 and/or by under non-heated pattern (for example, DHG is empty) operate DHG401 by it is other It is logical.

When engine temperature drops to set point temperatures or less, into the second operational phase, wherein DHG401 generates heat Amount, bypass solenoid valve 406 are closed, and manifold valve 411C is closed to stop the cycle of the coolant by engine 8.For The set point temperatures switched between the stage can be scheduled or are established according to current ambient environmental condition.It is in office In the case of what, in order to ensure the engine easy in starting up at the end of the rest period of cold day gas, it may be desirable that establish absolutely lower The engine temperature limit, such as -10 DEG C.Remaining manifold solenoid valve 411A-411C is closed (because in its corresponding branch not Need to heat and/or cool) or be selectively opened with solve other systems heat and/or cool demand (for example, if During operation in dynamotor 3 to drive DHG401 and/or DHG to pump 404 whenever, energy stores temperature rise arrives More than set point temperatures, manifold solenoid valve 411B can be opened to provide cooling stream, while coolant to energy storage unit 11 Continue to flow into sleeper compartment/cabin branch 432).

Cooling sleeper compartment/cabin：In this mode, DHG clutches 403 are engaged to drive pump 404, and air-conditioning pressure Contracting machine clutch 479 is engaged to the circularly cooling agent in refrigerant loop 472.In addition, DHG bypass solenoid valves 406 can be by It opens, closes the stream to DHG401, minimized to make the DHG to coolant heat.It (is cut by DHG internal rotating formula fluids The intrinsic pump action of cutting plate) DHG that DHG401 is vented fluid with also allowing potentiality is bypassed, to reduce the suction of DHG machineries, As a result reduce 404 required driving torque power of engine accessories driving portion pump operation.Alternately, if in branched line There are available, enough cooling capacities to provide whether sufficient sleeper compartment/cabin cooling has existed but regardless of coolant in 462 It is heated in DHG401, then when needed, DHG401 can be operable to that the component of heating is required to carry into other branched lines For heated coolant.

Under sleeper compartment/cabin refrigerating mode, manifold solenoid valve 411A be opened with allow coolant (heating or Do not heat) by coolant branch 442A and heat exchange surface 463 to be transmitted to cooler 465 from manifold 411 cold to reduce But the bulk temperature of agent, and manifold solenoid valve 411D be opened with allow cooling coolant be transmitted in branch 432 and Back to passing through sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger 433 before storage 420.Preferably, manifold solenoid valve 411D is not opened Until electronic control unit judge the temperature of coolant below environment temperature in sleeper compartment/cabin (for example, 4 DEG C with On driver's preferred temperature) until.As for sleeper compartment/cabin heating mode, the stream in branch can be adjusted if necessary, To realize that the desired sleeper compartment/cabin temperature of driver, remaining manifold solenoid valve 411B-411C are closed (because at it Need not be heated and/or cooled in corresponding branch) or be selectively opened to heat and/or cool to solve other systems and need It asks.

In replacing arrangement, the coolant instead of leaving cooler 465 is directly delivered back to storage 420, and coolant can Be selectively delivered directly to be arranged in 465 downstream of cooler sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger (that is, sleeper compartment/ Cabinet cooler need not be disposed in branch 432 or sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger of second separation can be by It is arranged in 465 downstream of cooler).It is returned in coolant using this arrangement when it is expected more quickly to reduce integral coolant temperature It returns to before storage 420, sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger can directly receive available the coldest coolant, or selection Property, the coolant of the cooling from cooler 465 can bypass sleeper compartment/cabin heat exchanger to be delivered directly to store Device 420, to increase the rate of the active cooling in storage thus in entire FEMG/DHG heat management systems circuit.This Outside, in the case that overheat generates in the car, system can operate in this manner, such as be dissipated with the engine coolant for supplementing vehicle The cooling capacity of hot device by by engine temperature maintain its maximum allowable operating temperature (M.A.O.T.) (for example, 82 DEG C) it is below in a manner of.

Cooling energy storage part：In the high temperature environment, surrounding air may it is not cold enough and be unable to cooling energy storage part and/ Or power electronics and dynamotor, for that purpose it is necessary to cooling system.For example, energy storage unit battery unit can have 55 DEG C The maximum allowable operating temperature (M.A.O.T.) limit, while power electronics and/or dynamotor can be with 70 DEG C of the maximum temperature limit.At this Under pattern, manifold solenoid valve 411A is opened to allow coolant (heating or unheated) from manifold 411 through supercooling Agent branch 452 and heat exchange surface 463 are transmitted to cooler 465, and manifold solenoid valve 411B is opened to allow coolant Back to passing through energy storage unit 11, power electronics 61 and dynamotor 3 before storage 420.Remaining manifold solenoid valve 411C-411D is closed (because need not be heated and/or cooled in its corresponding branch) or is selectively opened to solve Certainly other systems heat and/or cool demand.Compressor of air conditioner 471 can electrically be driven, while DHG401 is being operated, with DHG pumps 404 are made to pass through branch 452 and 462 circulating coolants.The temperature of the coolant of cooler 465 in branch 462 subtracts The small temperature that can incur in coolant reservoir 320 towards desired coolant temperature decline and branch 451 in (from storage 420 Suction) the corresponding reduction of temperature of coolant.As discussed further below, branch 452,462 can be adjusted if necessary In flow, with realize reach energy storage unit 11, power electronics 61 and dynamotor 3 coolant preferred temperature.

Alternately, if in order to provide adequately cooling not to energy storage unit or power electronics/dynamotor The cooling of the fluid via the heat exchange department in branch 462 is needed, then solenoid valve 411A can be maintained at closed state, air-conditioning The individual clutch 479 of compressor 471 can by be detached from stop across cooler 465 refrigerant cooling or these Action can be taken.

Heat engine.When starting engine under cold environment temperature, the exhaust gas discharge of cold engine is difficult to be controlled, until Various emission controls are more than minimum operation temperature (for example, catalyst can on exhaust is constituted the minimum temperature that operate) Only.Before engine start, FEMG dynamotor 3 can be used to driving DHG401 with by increasing via manifold solenoid valve The temperature of the coolant of engine 8 is flowed through and pre- heat engine 8 in 411C and branch 442.Keep engine high as soon as possible to further speed up Up to operation temperature, after engine start, the operation of DHG401 can continue.Further, after starting engine, can pass through Increase engine on load (that is, torque output demand), for example, by engage clutch-belt wheel-damper elements 19 so that Engine drives DHG401 and dynamotor 3, and increases engine heating, and DHG401 is thermally generated levels operation with its maximum (that is, with its maximum torque requirements from engine accessories driving portion), at the same dynamotor 3 with high charge rate to energy Storage part charges.

Engine heating mode can also be used to prevent engine from reaching the minimum temperature limit to avoid damage, for example, -23 DEG C The minimum temperature limit to avoid because coolant freezing and caused by damage.In these operations, DHG401 can be with opposite Small motivation level operation, engine temperature is only maintained the minimum temperature limit or more, in order to easy in starting up and more rapidly Ground makes engine warm, to be cranked at least up to engine and until it is expected higher coolant temperature.

Engine heating mode change when, DHG401 can be used to heating coolant with pre- heat engine before or therewith Concurrently heat energy storage part 11.If environment temperature is extremely low and engine long duration, such as shut down all night long, then engine can It can extremely difficult starting.Environment temperature be as cold as energy storage unit cannot convey immediately start engine required by electric flux amount feelings It, can be from energy under condition (for example, because the battery in energy storage unit has much lower output capacity under chilling temperatures) Storage part 11 extracts relative small amount of electric energy to drive DHG401.Then, the coolant heated caused by DHG401 can be through Manifold solenoid valve 411B and branch 452 is crossed to transmit so that energy storage unit 11 warms, to increase energy storage unit temperature and Dependent on temperature output capacity (optionally, manifold solenoid valve 411C can be opened with simultaneously by engine 8 and deliver plus The coolant of heat is to start pre- heat engine).It, can when energy storage unit 11 is warm enough to export enough electric energy come when starting engine To attempt to start engine, it is preferable that once engine start then then drives DHG401 and dynamotor 3 by engine.

Following table 2 summarise in this embodiment by the component in other branches do not require additional heating and/or Aforesaid operations pattern in the case of cooling：

Table 2

In each in operation situation above, dynamotor 3 can drive DHG with any suitable speed, with Satisfaction currently heats and/or cools demand.Dynamotor speed judges caused by the flow velocity and DHG401 of coolant pump 404 Heat, and by-passing valve 406 judges whether DHG is movable, i.e., system is whether under coolant heating or refrigerating mode.Thus, Control system can use DHG401 in a manner of thermostat, incude the various positions in FEMG systems and the temperature at component Data and various valves, attachment clutch, clutch-belt wheel-damper elements and dynamotor speed are controlled, is worked as with meeting Preceding system temperature demand.The example for the systematic parameter that can be monitored and/or control includes storage temperature, battery unit surface temperature Degree, cabin or sleeper compartment temperature, engine oil temperature, DHG outlet temperatures, DHG pump discharge pressures etc..

In further development of the invention, for example, when more than one manifold valve is opened but does not expect more than one point When stream in branch line maximizes, the ability for limiting the stream in various branches is provided.In this case, for example, by using Pulsewidth modulation (PWM) controls signal, and more than one manifold solenoid valve 411A-411D can be operable to reduce its respective branch In stream.

In another embodiment, instead of being supplied using the torque from engine crankshaft, accessory drive portion can pass through vehicle Hybrid power propulsion unit axis or other rotational energies be provided with power.

It is disclosed above be only set forth with illustrate the present invention and be not intended to limit the invention.Because for the art It is contemplated that being incorporated to this modification of the open embodiment of the spirit and essence for personnel, so, which should It is construed as including all in accessory claim and its equivalency range.

The list of reference marker：

1 gas compressor

2 compressors of air conditioner

3 dynamotor

4 driving unit gears

5 belt wheels

6 dampers

7 engine cooling fans

8 engines

9 Vehicular batteries

10 DC/DC converters

11 energy storage units

12 battery management systems

13 FEMG electronic control units

14 AC/DC power inverters

15 clutches

16 gear-boxes

17 flanged shafts

18 armature spindles

19 clutches-belt wheel-damper elements

20 engine coolant radiators

21 band drive parts

22 clutch actuators

23 clutch disc

24 clutch springs

25,26 dog clutch elements

27 clutches are dished out bar

28 bolts hole

29 external splines

30 internal splines

31,32 dog clutch

33 springs

34 bearings

35 clam shell gearbox-cases

36 belt wheel end reduction gearing

37 intermediate reduction gear gears

38 dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal reduction gearing

39 bearings

40 holes

41 diaphragms

42 lids

43 axis holes

44 mounting flanges

45 mounting rings

46 nuts

47 bent axles

48 food trays

49 chassis rails

50 engine installation parts

51 mounting brackets

52 holes

53 holes

54 support arms

55 dynamotor gear box sides

56 installation studs

57 rotor shaft hatch

58 low-voltages connect

59 high voltages connect

60 coolant channels

61 electrical cooling channel parts

62 engine control units

64 sensors

65 SAE J1939 buses

66 vehicle arrangements

67 DC buses

68A-68F control circuits

69 transistor controls circuits

70 DC/DC electric pressure converters

71 DC/DC converters

72 12V batteries

73 12V are loaded

74 DC/DC converter transistor driver circuits

75 DC/DC converters export

76 primary windings

77 transformers

78 AC phases connect

79 circuit boards

80 IGBT groups

81 IGBT drive circuits

82 electromagnetic interface filters and DC capacitors

83 FEMG control module microcontrollers

101 dynamotor clutch position sensors

102 dynamotor velocity sensors

103 engine accessories clutch positions

104 gas compressor state sensors

105 dynamic heater state sensors

106 FEMG coolant temperature sensors

107 FEMG coolant pressure force snesors

108 12V battery voltage sensors

111 brake monitors

112 retarder controllers

113 EAC controllers

114 variable-speed controllers

115 instrument board controllers

120 independent engine accessories clutches

121 FEMG coolant pumps

201 FEMG control module reservoirs

202 FEMG control module operating parameter storage parts

303 clutches are dished out bushing

304 bus bearings

305 compressed gas assembly parts

306 fasteners

307 torque arms

308 anchor points

309 AC-DC converters

310 off-board power supplys

400 fluid circuits

401 dynamic heaters

402 DHG belt wheels

403 DHG clutches

404 DHG are pumped

405 DHG entrances

406 DHG bypass solenoid valves

407 DHG are exported

411 manifolds

411A manifold solenoid valves

411B manifold solenoid valves

411C manifold solenoid valves

411D manifold solenoid valves

420 storages

432 sleeper compartments/cabin branch

433 sleeper compartments/cabin heat exchanger

434 check-valves

442 engine branches

444 check-valves

452 energy storage units/electronics branch

454 check-valves

462 heat exchange branch

463 heat exchange surfaces

464 check-valves

465 coolers

471 compressors of air conditioner

472 refrigerant branch

473 expansion valves

475 condensers

477 air-conditioning belt wheels

479 air conditioning clutch

Claims

1. a kind of hybrid electric front end motor-generator system, which is characterized in that include：

Internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine include engine crankshaft, and the engine crankshaft has and the rear end phase where engine flywheel To front end, the engine is configured to torque being transmitted to torque expendable part from the rear end of the bent axle；

Dynamotor；

There is dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal, the dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal to be configured to receive institute for torque delivery section, the torque delivery section It states dynamotor and transmits torque between the dynamoelectric and power generation generator terminal and the union end of the torque delivery section；And

Integrated changeable connection part, the integrated changeable connection part has couples rotation with what bent axle rotation axis was coaxially arranged Shaft axis, the integrated changeable connection part are positioned in the torque and pass in being adjacent to the region of front end of the engine It send between the union end of section and the front end of the engine crankshaft, the integrated changeable connection part includes：

Engine side section, the engine side section are coupled to the engine crankshaft,

Side section, the driving side section is driven to be coupled to the torque delivery section union end, and

Actuator is engaged, the engagement actuator is configured to the engine side section and the driving side section selectively At least part of engagement, the engagement actuator is concentrically surrounding by the drive part along the connection rotation axis；

Engine accessories driving portion, the engine accessories driving portion are arranged to by the driving of the integrated changeable connection part Side section drives, and drives at least one engine accessories；

Energy storage system, the energy storage system include：

Energy storage unit, the energy accumulator is configured to store the electric energy generated by the dynamotor, and will deposit The electrical energy transportation of storage is turned to the dynamotor with generating from the dynamotor to the integrated changeable connection part Square exports, and

Electric energy is converted and distribution network, and electric energy conversion and distribution network are configured to, when electric energy is from the dynamotor When being transmitted to the energy storage unit, conversion is in the dynamotor and the energy between alternating current and DC current The electric current type of the electric energy transmitted between storage part, and when electric energy is transmitted to the electronic hair from the energy storage unit When motor, between DC current and alternating current conversion transmit between the dynamotor and the energy storage unit The electric current type of the electric energy；And

Front end motor-generator system controller, the front end motor-generator system controller be configured in engagement state and Switch the integrated changeable connection part actuator between disengaged position, and in the dynamotor and the energy stores During electric energy transmission between portion, the operation of the electric energy conversion and distribution network is controlled

Wherein,

At least one engine accessories include dynamic heater, and the dynamic heater is arranged to attached by the engine Part driving portion drives, to generate heat in the fluid that is transmitted between the entrance and exit of the dynamic heater,

The Dynamic Thermal transmitter and at least one vehicle part in Dynamic Thermal generator exports downstream are in fluid communication, described Dynamic Thermal generator exports are configured to implement and receive heat from the fluid and reject heat in the fluid at least One.

2. hybrid electric front end as described in claim 1 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

The Dynamic Thermal generator exports are connected to manifold fluid, and the manifold is arranged to from the Dynamic Thermal generator exports The fluid is received, and the fluid received is assigned at least one vehicle part.

3. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 2 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one vehicle part includes the internal combustion engine, the energy storage unit, the dynamotor and at least At least one of one heat exchanger.

4. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 3 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one heat exchanger includes sleeper compartment/at least one of cabin heat exchanger and cooler, described cold But device is configured to remove heat from the fluid by with the heat exchange of at least one of refrigerant and surrounding air.

5. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 3 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

The manifold is configured to by least one branched line of at least one vehicle part upstream and by the stream Body is assigned at least one vehicle part, and

Each branched line includes the flow control valve of at least one vehicle part upstream.

6. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 5 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one branched line is arranged to the stream that the fluid is directed to at least one vehicle part downstream Body storage, and

The dynamic heater is arranged at the Dynamic Thermal generator inlet from the fluid reservoir and receives the stream Body.

7. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 6 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

The fluid is engine coolant.

8. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 7 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one branched line is multiple branched lines,

At least one vehicle part is multiple vehicle parts,

Each branched line in the multiple branched line includes at least one of the multiple vehicle part vehicle portion Part, and

The front end motor-generator system controller is configured to,

Control engagement of the integrated changeable connection part between the bent axle and the engine accessories driving portion and described The operation of dynamotor is selected with utilizing from the torque that at least one of the bent axle and the dynamotor supply The dynamic heat exchanger is driven to property, and

The operation for controlling each flow control valve in each branched line in the multiple branched line, with according to At least one of the demand for heat of multiple vehicle parts and cooling requirement, and be selectively supplied to the fluid described more A vehicle part.

9. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 8 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

When the dynamic heater is supplied with the driving torque from the dynamotor, the front end dynamoelectric and power generation Machine system controller is further configured to control the service speed of the dynamic heat exchanger, is passing through the dynamic with control The amount of the heat generated in the fluid that heater transmits.

10. hybrid electric front end as claimed in claim 9 motor-generator system, which is characterized in that wherein

The by-passing valve being disposed between the fluid reservoir and the Dynamic Thermal generator inlet is configured to selectively to The fluid is transmitted to the manifold from the storage, and is transmitted without the dynamic heater.

11. a kind of method of operation hybrid electric front end motor-generator system, which is characterized in that the electronic hair in front end Electric system includes the internal combustion engine of vehicle, and the internal combustion engine has integrated changeable connection part in the front of the engine, The integrated changeable connection part is arranged to the front end engagement of the selectively engine crankshaft of the engine side by articulated connection To the engine accessories driving portion of the driving side of the integrated changeable connection part, the driving of the integrated changeable connection part Side is arranged to torque is attached from the engine is transmitted to the horizontal dynamotor being upwardly deviated from of the rotation axis of the bent axle Part driving portion, also, when the integrated changeable connection part is engaged delivers the torque to the bent axle and from the bent axle Torque is transmitted, the method comprises the action of：

Based on the vehicle sensors and the operational status information that receives of at least one of another controller from the vehicle, profit With front end dynamoelectric and power generation machine controller, the mode of operation of the vehicle is judged；

Using the front end dynamoelectric and power generation machine controller, current operation priority is judged from the mode of operation of judgement, In, the current operation priority is one of the following：

Meeting safety requirements, the safety requirements is included at least maintains the requirement in level-overload by Vehicular system,

Meet energy storage requirement, the energy storage requirement is included at least maintains charging by the charged state of energy storage unit Requirement more than horizontal first state,

Meet engine operation requirement, the engine operation requires to include at least and maintains engine operating parameter in operating limit It is required that the engine operating parameter includes at least engine coolant temperature, and

Meet the requirement of driver's comfort level, driver's comfort level requires to include at least the weather of the passenger accommodation of the vehicle Condition maintains the requirement within the scope of preferred temperature；

The current operation priority based on judgement selects the hybrid power using the front end dynamoelectric and power generation machine controller The operation mode of electronic arrangement, where it is determined that the operation mode be one in multiple motor-generator operation patterns, institute It includes electric energy production pattern, engine accessories driving portion torque generation pattern, supplement engine to state multiple motor-generator operation patterns Torque generates at least one of pattern and idle mode；And

In response to the instruction of the operation mode for implementing selection from the front end dynamoelectric and power generation machine controller, described in control The operation of dynamotor and the integrated changeable connection part,

Wherein

It controls the dynamotor and the action for integrating the operation that connection part can be switched includes：It will be described integrated changeable Connection part is placed into one in engagement state and disengaged position, and in the engaged condition, torque can be in the electronic hair It is transmitted between motor and the bent axle, under the disengaged position, the dynamotor is detached from the bent axle, and is come from The torque of the dynamotor can be transmitted to the driving side of the integrated changeable connection part, to drive the engine Accessory drive portion, to drive at least one engine accessories, and

The control action includes：Judgement is disposed at least one component of the vehicle in dynamic heater downstream Heating or cooling requirement, and the speed of the control dynamic heater, by the fluid of the dynamic heater At least one of the engagement state of flow velocity, the fill level of the dynamic heater and dynamic heater clutch, The dynamic heater clutch is disposed between the engine accessories driving portion and the dynamic heater, by institute It states the thermal energy entrained by fluid and is transported at least one vehicle part, to meet the heating or cooling requirement.

12. a kind of heat management system for internal combustion engine application, which is characterized in that include：

The engine crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the engine crankshaft have the front end opposite with the rear end where engine flywheel, institute Engine is stated to be configured to torque being transmitted to torque expendable part from the rear end of the bent axle；

Electro-motor；

Engine accessories driving portion, the engine accessories driving portion is arranged to can be by the bent axle and the electro-motor At least one selectively drive；

Integrated changeable connection part, the integrated changeable connection part has couples rotation with what bent axle rotation axis was coaxially arranged Shaft axis, the integrated changeable connection part are positioned in the engine accessories in the region for being adjacent to the engine front end Between driving portion and the front end of the engine crankshaft, the integrated changeable connection part includes：

Side section, the driving side section is driven to be coupled to the engine accessories driving portion, and

Actuator is engaged, the engagement actuator is configured to selectively engage the engine side section and the driving side Point, at least part of the engagement actuator is concentrically surrounding by the drive part along the connection rotation axis；

Dynamic heater, the dynamic heater is arranged to selectively to be driven by the engine accessories driving portion, with Heat is generated in the fluid transmitted between the entrance and exit of the dynamic heater；

Electric energy supply unit, the electric energy supply unit are configured to supply of electrical energy, to drive the electro-motor；And

Thermal management controller, the thermal management controller are configured to, and according to scheduled engagement and disengaging standard, are drawn described in control Hold up at least one of accessory drive portion and the integrated changeable connection part, the electro-motor and the dynamic heater Selectively engage and be detached from,

Wherein, the dynamic heater is connected to at least one component fluidic in Dynamic Thermal generator exports downstream, institute State Dynamic Thermal generator exports be configured to implement receive heat from the fluid and reject heat in the fluid to It is one few.

13. heat management system as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that wherein

The Dynamic Thermal generator exports are connected to manifold fluid, and the manifold is arranged to from the Dynamic Thermal generator exports The fluid is received, and the fluid received is assigned at least one component.

14. heat management system as claimed in claim 13, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one component includes the internal combustion engine, the electric energy supply unit, the electro-motor, is arranged to by people At least one of heat exchanger and cooler of the room of occupancy, the cooler be configured to by with refrigerant and ring The heat exchange of at least one of border air and heat is removed from the fluid.

15. heat management system as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that wherein

The manifold is configured to distribute the fluid by least one branched line of at least one component upstream To at least one component, and

Each branched line includes the flow control valve of at least one component upstream.

16. management system as claimed in claim 15, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one branched line is arranged to the fluid storage that the fluid is directed to at least one components downstream Device, and

17. heat management system as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that wherein

The fluid is the coolant of the internal combustion engine.

18. heat management system as claimed in claim 17, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one branched line is multiple branched lines,

At least one component is multiple components,

Each branched line in the multiple branched line includes at least one of vehicle part vehicle part, and And

The thermal management controller is configured to,

Control engagement of the integrated changeable connection part between the bent axle and the engine accessories driving portion and described The operation of electro-motor, selectively to be driven using the torque supplied from least one of the bent axle and the electro-motor The dynamic heat exchanger is moved, and

The operation for controlling each flow control valve in each branched line in the multiple branched line, with according to At least one of the demand for heat of multiple components and cooling requirement, and the fluid is selectively supplied to the multiple portion Part.

19. heat management system as claimed in claim 18, which is characterized in that wherein

When the dynamic heater is supplied with the driving torque from the electro-motor, the thermal management controller into One step is configured to, and controls the service speed of the dynamic heat exchanger, to control by dynamic heater transmission The amount of the heat generated in the fluid.

20. heat management system as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that wherein

21. a kind of heat management system for vehicle, which is characterized in that include：

Dynamotor；

Accessory drive portion, the accessory drive portion are arranged to bent axle, the electronic hair that can be by the engine of the vehicle At least one of axis of motor and hybrid vehicle propulsion unit selectively drives；

Dynamic heater, the dynamic heater is arranged to selectively to be driven by the accessory drive portion, with Heat is generated in the fluid transmitted between the entrance and exit of the dynamic heater；With

Thermal management controller, the thermal management controller are configured to, and according to scheduled engagement and disengaging standard, control is described attached Part driving portion is selectively engaged and is detached from at least one of the dynamic heater and compressor of air conditioner, the air-conditioning Compressor is arranged to be driven by the accessory drive portion,

22. system as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that wherein

The dynamotor is electro-motor.

23. system as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one component includes being arranged to electric energy being supplied to the electric energy supply unit of the dynamotor, described In the power electronics unit and the dynamotor that are electrically connected between electric energy supply unit and the dynamotor extremely It is one few, and

The scheduled engagement and disengaging standard are based on the electric energy supply unit, the power electronics unit and the dynamoelectric and power generation It the heating of at least one of machine and the dynamotor and cooling at least one of requires.

24. system as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that further include：

Manifold, the manifold is configured to receive the fluid from the Dynamic Thermal generator exports, and the fluid is divided It is fitted at least one components downstream.

25. system as claimed in claim 24, which is characterized in that wherein

At least one component includes being arranged to electric energy being supplied to the electric energy supply unit of the dynamotor, described In the power electronics unit and the dynamotor that are electrically connected between electric energy supply unit and the dynamotor extremely It is one few.

26. system as claimed in claim 24, which is characterized in that wherein

The manifold is arranged to the fluid of the distribution from multiple manifold outlets,

At least one of the multiple outlet outlet includes the flow control valve that can be controlled by the thermal management controller,

At least one components downstream is positioned in the fluid distribution branch component of cabin branch and engine branch, wherein The manifold is arranged to, and in response to the heat request of cabin heat exchanger and the engine, and the fluid received is divided It is fitted on the cabin branch and the engine branch.

27. system as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that wherein

The dynamic heater has been integrated

Pump, the pump are generally driven using the dynamic heater, and the pump is configured to receive the Dynamic Thermal generation The fluid of device inlet upstream, and

Bypass circulation, the bypass circulation are configured to by the way that the fluid received that pumps is transported to the Dynamic Thermal Generator exports downstream, and the Dynamic Thermal generator inlet is made to bypass.

28. system as claimed in claim 21, which is characterized in that further include：

Pump, the pump are detached with the dynamic heat exchanger, and the pump is configured to the fluid circulation to the Dynamic Thermal At least one component in generator exports downstream.