CN108667584B - User throughput fair link selection method for non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network - Google Patents

User throughput fair link selection method for non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network Download PDF

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CN108667584B
CN108667584B CN201810246057.8A CN201810246057A CN108667584B CN 108667584 B CN108667584 B CN 108667584B CN 201810246057 A CN201810246057 A CN 201810246057A CN 108667584 B CN108667584 B CN 108667584B
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郜铖
阔永红
陈健
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Xidian University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative Network (NOMA), namely, the user throughput fairness is improved through a new power distribution thought and the use of a buffer auxiliary technology in a network of cooperative base station direct transmission and relay cooperative transmission: the base station distributes low power to the far-end user and distributes high power to the near-end user; the relay is provided with a buffer with unlimited size, so that the relay does not need to transmit immediately after receiving a signal in the previous time slot, and the relay receiving signal or the transmitting signal is adaptively determined in each time slot according to the quality of a link. The invention leads the throughput of the remote user to be increased along with the signal-to-noise ratio under the condition of medium and high signal-to-noise ratio by introducing a new power allocation strategy and a buffer auxiliary technology, thereby obviously improving the throughput fairness among users.

Description

User throughput fair link selection method for non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that:non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has recently been the subject of extensive research and attention as a method of non-orthogonal multiple access that can effectively improve spectral efficiency. Different from the traditional orthogonal multiple access mode, the NOMA transmits a plurality of information streams in channels with overlapped time domain, frequency domain and code domain with different powers at the transmitting end, thereby realizing the superposition multiplexing of a plurality of users in the power domain. At the receiving end, each user removes the stronger undesired signals in the mixed signals by using a Serial Interference Cancellation (SIC) technology, and decodes the own signals. Although the NOMA technique can obviously improve the spectrum efficiency, the design of a receiver also puts higher requirements, which is one of the reasons that the NOMA cannot be reused at first, and the current technology is along with the chipThe enhancement of physical capability and hardware technology also makes the realization of non-orthogonal multiple access possible. The NOMA technology can realize superposition multiplexing of a plurality of users on the same subchannel, however, the superposition number is not more, the better, and the prior research shows that the multiplexing of two to three users on the same subchannel is a more ideal configuration. The application of relay technology in the fourth generation mobile communication scenario is quite common, and it is a very effective means for improving the system performance. The main idea is that the relay is arranged between the sending end and the receiving end, so that the relay can receive information transmitted by the sending end and forward the information to the receiving end, and the throughput of a user at the receiving end is improved. By deploying the relay node, the distance during information transmission can be greatly shortened, the quality of a link can be well improved, and the coverage area of a network can be further expanded. In the existing literature research, the transmission mode of half-duplex relay is mostly assumed to adopt a "one-receiving-and-one-sending" transmission strategy. The term "receive-and-send" refers to that the relay receives the data sent by the sending end in the last time slot and immediately transfers the data to the receiving end in the next time slot, and the traditional relay has the advantages of small time delay and low cost, but cannot fully utilize the channel state information. Considering a possible situation, when a time slot turns to relay to transmit data to a receiving end, even if the quality of a link relayed to the receiving end by the time slot is very poor according to the channel state information, the relay has to transmit, thereby causing a significant decrease in throughput. But this situation can be significantly improved if the conventional relay technique is combined with the buffering technique. By using buffering at the relay, the relay can not follow the traditional 'one-receiving-one-sending' operation mode any more, but can select to receive or send according to the channel quality at the moment in any time slot. The system performance can be obviously improved by introducing the relay technology into the NOMA network. In a two-user NOMA system, since the remote user may be far away and have no direct link to the base station, a relay join is required to assist the communication. Under the NOMA downlink network of cooperative base station direct transmission and relay cooperative transmission, the prior artThe transmission strategy of (2) can provide good system total throughput by utilizing the characteristic that the near-end user has the prior information of the far-end user, but does not well consider throughput fairness among users.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:the existing transmission strategy can provide good system total throughput by utilizing the characteristic that a near-end user has prior information of a far-end user, but does not well consider throughput fairness among users. This allows the near-end user to be served well, while the far-end user's quality of service is not guaranteed, or is served at a much worse quality than the near-end user. In some scenarios where high quality of service is required by remote users, existing strategies cannot be met.
The difficulty and significance for solving the technical problems are as follows:the current situation that the throughput of a far-end user cannot be improved along with the increase of the signal-to-noise ratio under the medium-high signal-to-noise ratio can not be solved by simply adding relays or using a buffer auxiliary technology, and the problem can not be solved by the conventional power allocation strategy. As users seek higher quality of service, the importance of the problem is gradually increasing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network.
The invention is realized in this way, a link selection method based on fair user throughput in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network, wherein a base station in the link selection method based on fair user throughput in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network performs superposition coding on a near-end user signal and a far-end user signal and sends the signals, a serial interference elimination technology is utilized, a relay firstly resolves the near-end user signal and then eliminates the near-end user signal, and then decodes the far-end user signal; the same decoding process is performed at the near-end user; the relay forwards the signal of the far-end user, and the base station sends a new data to the near-end user.
Further, the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network comprises the following steps:
1) the total data amount stored in the buffer is the same as the total data amount released;
2) variable d of binary integeriIts value can only be 0 or 1; when d isiWhen the signal is equal to 0, the base station sends two user superposed signals and relays the received signal; when d isi1, relaying and forwarding a far-end user signal, and simultaneously sending the signal to a near-end user by a base station;
3) constructing an optimization problem model:
Figure BDA0001606546970000031
Figure BDA0001606546970000032
Figure BDA0001606546970000033
where C1 corresponds to 1), C2 corresponds to 2). S2＝log2(1+s2(i) Remote user throughput, R, decoded for time slot i2(i) The received throughput for the remote user in time slot i.
Figure BDA0001606546970000034
Figure BDA0001606546970000035
The signal-to-noise ratio for the far-end user signal decoded at the near-end user,
Figure BDA0001606546970000036
signal-to-noise ratio decoded at the relay for the far end user signal; r2(i)＝min{log2(1+γ2(i) Q (i-1), where Q records the amount of data in the buffer.
Further, the optimization problem is solved by using a Lagrange multiplier method to obtain an optimal link transmission sequence diI is not less than 1, d in each time slotiThe decision criteria of (1) are:
Figure BDA0001606546970000037
wherein F (x) log2(1+ x) is an optimal decision function.
Further, the method for selecting the user throughput fairness link of the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network specifically includes:
step one, distributing low power to a far-end user and distributing high power to a near-end user;
step two, a buffer is arranged at the relay;
step three, the relay is used as a central node in the system, and the transmission state of the system in the time slot is determined by analyzing the obtained channel state information;
and step four, analyzing the average throughput of the user by using a link selection strategy.
Further, the decision function is f (x) x, the traversal capacity of two users is solved, and C is used1Represents the traversal capacity of the UE1 when the base station transmits the superimposed signal, denoted by C1' represents the traversal capacity of UE1 when the base station transmits only UE1 signal, denoted by C2Represents the traversal capacity of the UE2, given by:
Figure BDA0001606546970000041
Figure BDA0001606546970000042
Figure BDA0001606546970000043
wherein
Figure BDA0001606546970000044
Is the average channel gain of the respective link.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication system applying the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:the link selection strategy based on fair user throughput provided by the invention has the advantages that the throughput of the remote user can be increased along with the signal-to-noise ratio under the condition of medium and high signal-to-noise ratio by introducing a new power distribution strategy and a buffer auxiliary technology, so that the throughput fairness among users is obviously improved.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an implementation of a link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application transmission scenario provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a link selection algorithm based on throughput fairness, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art in the NOMA network for cooperative base station direct transmission and relay cooperative transmission, and improving the throughput fairness among users under the condition of not influencing the total throughput of the system.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for selecting a user throughput fairness link of a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101: the power allocation concept is changed. In the NOMA network, the traditional power distribution idea is to distribute high power to far users and distribute low power to near users. In the invention, the far user (UE2) is allocated with small power, and the near user (UE1) is allocated with large power;
s102: a buffer is provided at the relay. After buffering, the relay does not need to be forwarded immediately after the signal is received in the previous time slot, but adaptively determines to relay the received signal or send the signal in each time slot according to the quality of a link;
s103: the relay is used as a central node in the system, and the transmission state of the system in the time slot is determined by analyzing the obtained channel state information;
s104: and analyzing the average throughput of the user by using a link selection strategy.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
After steps S101 and S102 are executed, there are two possible transmission states under the system model:
the first method comprises the following steps: the base station transmits the UE1 signal x1With UE2 signal x2The superposition coding is carried out and sent out, and the relay and the UE1 decode the two user data by utilizing the serial interference elimination technology;
and the second method comprises the following steps: the relay forwards the data of the UE2, and the base station sends a new data x1' to UE 1. Since the relay forwarded information has been resolved by the UE1 in the previous time slot, it will not be interfered with.
Further, after the buffer assist technique is used, the relay is no longer in the "one-receiving-and-one-sending" working mode, and the derivation process of the optimal transmission strategy is as follows:
step 1: defining a binary integer variable diThe value can only be 0 or 1. When d isiWhen 0, the system is in the first case described above. When d isiThe system is in the second case described above, 1.
Step 2: for buffer-assisted relay cooperative users, in order to maximize throughput, it is necessary to ensure "transmit-receive balance" of data at the buffer, i.e. E { (1-d)i)S2(i)}＝E{diR2(i) In which S is2(i) And R2(i) The received data and the transmitted data relayed for time slot i.
And step 3: considering that the optimization target is the throughput of the UE2, and is limited by the two conditions of step 1 and step 2, the following optimization problem model is constructed:
Figure BDA0001606546970000061
Figure BDA0001606546970000062
Figure BDA0001606546970000063
wherein S2(i)＝log2(1+s2(i)),
Figure BDA0001606546970000064
Figure BDA0001606546970000065
For the signal-to-noise ratio of the UE2 signal decoded at UE1,
Figure BDA0001606546970000066
for the snr of the UE2 signal decoded at the relay, in the relay decoding and forwarding system, the two signals need to be reduced to find the amount of data actually decoded by the UE2 in the time slot. R2(i)＝min{log2(1+γ2(i) Q (i-1), where Q records the amount of data in the buffer, a process to take down is required to take into account that sometimes a situation of insufficient data in the buffer may occur.
And 4, step 4: for the optimization problem described in step 3, solving is performed by using a Lagrangian multiplier method, and a Lagrangian function is listed:
Figure BDA0001606546970000071
wherein beta isiAnd μ is the Lagrangian coefficient. For L to diDifferentiation was carried out and the result was 0:
Figure BDA0001606546970000072
since d is knowniCan only take a value of 0 or 1, so that βiWhen d is equal toiWhen it is 0, beta can be obtainedi,1(1- μ) r (i) - μ s (i), when diWhen 1, beta can be obtainedi,2＝-βi.1. For L, it is also necessary to satisfy
Figure BDA0001606546970000073
By further analysis, it was found that R is either2(i) And S2(i) How to take values is that when mu is less than or equal to 0, d is always presentiWhen mu is more than or equal to 1, d is always presenti0, so the achieved μ needs to satisfy 0 < μ < 1. To diThe two value conditions are respectively analyzed to obtain:
Figure BDA0001606546970000074
defining a decision thresholdAnd an optimal link decision function f (x) log2(1+ x), the optimal link transmission strategy that can maximize throughput is derived as follows:
Figure BDA0001606546970000076
and 5: consider that the decision function is f (x) log2The computational complexity is high in (1+ x), and the traversal capacity of two users is solved by considering the case of F (x) ═ x, and we use C1Representing the traversal capacity of the UE1 when the base station transmits the superimposed signal,with C1' represents the traversal capacity of UE1 when the base station transmits only UE1 signal, denoted by C2Representing the traversal capacity of the UE2, through some mathematical calculations:
Figure BDA0001606546970000081
Figure BDA0001606546970000082
Figure BDA0001606546970000083
wherein
Figure BDA0001606546970000084
Is the average channel gain of the respective link.
Step 6: as shown in fig. 4, the throughput of two users under the conventional strategy and the strategy proposed by the present invention is simulated, and it can be seen that the throughput of two users under the strategy proposed by the present invention gets closer and closer along with the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio, that is, there is a good fairness of the user throughput.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A link selection method based on user throughput fairness in a non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network is characterized in that a base station in the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network performs superposition coding on a near-end user signal and a far-end user signal and sends the signals, a serial interference elimination technology is utilized, a relay firstly resolves the near-end user signal and then eliminates the near-end user signal, and then the signal of the far-end user is decoded; the same decoding process is performed at the near-end user; the relay forwards the signal of the far-end user, and the base station sends a new data to the near-end user;
the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, distributing low power to a far-end user and distributing high power to a near-end user;
step two, a buffer is arranged at the relay;
step three, the relay is used as a central node in the system, and the transmission state of the system in the time slot is determined by analyzing the obtained channel state information;
and step four, analyzing the average throughput of the user by using a link selection strategy.
2. The method for selecting the link based on the user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for selecting the link based on the user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network comprises:
1) the total data amount stored in the buffer is the same as the total data amount released;
2) variable d of binary integeriIts value can only be 0 or 1; when d isiWhen the signal is 0, the base station sends a user superposition signal and relays a received signal; when d isi1, relaying and forwarding a far-end user signal, and simultaneously sending a new signal to a near-end user by a base station;
3) constructing an optimization problem model:
Figure FDA0002755435050000011
Figure FDA0002755435050000012
Figure FDA0002755435050000013
wherein C1 corresponds to 1), C2 corresponds to 2); s2＝log2(1+s2(i) Remote user throughput, R, decoded for time slot i2(i) The throughput received by the remote user is the time slot i;
Figure FDA0002755435050000021
Figure FDA0002755435050000022
for the signal-to-noise ratio of the far-end user signal decoded at the near-end user,
Figure FDA0002755435050000023
signal-to-noise ratio decoded at the relay for the far end user signal; r2(i)＝min{log2(1+γ2(i) Q (i-1), where Q records the amount of data in the buffer.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the optimization problem is solved using a lagrangian multiplier method to obtain an optimal link transmission sequence diI is not less than 1, d in each time slotiThe decision criteria of (1) are:
Figure FDA0002755435050000024
wherein F (x) log2(1+ x) is an optimal decision function.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the decision function is f (x) x, the traversal capacity of two users is solved by C1Representing the traversal capacity of the near-end user when the base station transmits the superimposed signal, by C1' represents the traversal capacity of the near-end user when the base station only transmits the near-end user signal, denoted by C2Representing remote usersAnd traversing the capacity to obtain:
Figure FDA0002755435050000025
Figure FDA0002755435050000026
Figure FDA0002755435050000027
wherein
Figure FDA0002755435050000031
Is the average channel gain of the respective link.
5. A wireless communication system applying the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network as claimed in any one of claims 1-4; the link selection method based on user throughput fairness in the non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative network specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, distributing low power to a far-end user and distributing high power to a near-end user;
step two, a buffer is arranged at the relay;
step three, the relay is used as a central node in the system, and the transmission state of the system in the time slot is determined by analyzing the obtained channel state information;
and step four, analyzing the average throughput of the user by using a link selection strategy.
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