CN108650013B - Broadband multi-channel channelization system and method based on optical frequency shift - Google Patents
Broadband multi-channel channelization system and method based on optical frequency shift Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/5165—Carrier suppressed; Single sideband; Double sideband or vestigial
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
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- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broadband multi-channel channelization system based on optical frequency shift and an implementation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of microwave photons. The invention utilizes the interference effect between the electro-optical modulators and the optical frequency shift characteristic to complete the multi-channel division and the high-rejection-ratio same-intermediate-frequency conversion of the broadband microwave signal. The invention provides a broadband multi-path channelization method based on optical frequency shift in a mode of combining optical frequency shift channelization and I/Q down-conversion. The method completes channel division of broadband signals by combining single-frequency laser with double-sideband frequency shift, realizes output of a plurality of double-channel and medium-frequency signals which are mirror images of each other through I/Q down conversion, and not only avoids the defect that the out-of-band inhibition capability of an optical filter in the traditional channelized receiving process is poor, but also avoids the defect that the realization of a high-quality coherent optical comb in the channelized receiving process based on an optical frequency comb is complex.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a broadband multi-channel channelization system based on optical frequency shift and an implementation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of microwave photons.
Background
Along with the development requirements of a multi-functional integrated satellite communication system with multiple frequency bands, large bandwidth and flexible configuration, a radio frequency front end serving as a core part needs to have the capabilities of being transparent in frequency band, large in working bandwidth and capable of realizing channelization and simultaneous frequency conversion of microwave signals in different working frequency bands. At present, the traditional microwave technology is mainly adopted to receive, convert and transmit the received microwave signals in a channelized way. Limited by microwave technology bottleneck, the microwave signal channelization work bandwidth is limited below GHz; the same structure can not be compatible with different frequency bands generally, namely, the structure does not have frequency band transparency; the multi-channel signals are simultaneously subjected to frequency conversion to introduce intermodulation distortion to reduce the dynamic range of the system; the channel receiving, frequency conversion and transmission channels of the radio frequency front ends with different functions are independent from each other, and the requirement of multi-band and multi-function integration is difficult to meet.
The current mainstream methods of broadband microwave signal channelization and same intermediate frequency conversion based on the microwave photon technology mainly comprise three types of multichannel filtering channelization receiving frequency conversion, single-optical comb combined filtering channelization receiving frequency conversion and double-optical comb based channelization receiving frequency conversion. The multichannel filtering channelized receiving frequency conversion is mainly realized by combining channel independent filtering with direct detection. The method needs a narrow-band high-Q factor narrow-band filter, and has poor realizability; the single optical comb combined filtering channelized receiving frequency conversion is mainly characterized in that a local oscillator optical comb is introduced on the basis of single-channel filtering, and coherent detection receiving is carried out after optical orthogonal coupling. The method has strict requirements on the stability of the optical filter, the optical comb gap spacing and the stability; the method comprises the steps of firstly modulating a broadband microwave signal to realize multi-wavelength duplication by adopting channelized receiving frequency conversion of double optical combs, then enabling each optical comb to correspond to one channel by a specific method, and finally carrying out independent filtering and frequency conversion output. This type of approach has stringent requirements for high quality dual optical comb signal generation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical difficulties of narrow-band optical filter and dual-phase coherent optical comb generation in the current broadband signal channelized receiving frequency conversion, a broadband multi-channel channelized method based on optical frequency shift is provided, channel division and same-intermediate frequency conversion of high image rejection of broadband microwave signals are realized, the defect of poor out-of-band rejection capability of the optical filter in the traditional channelized receiving is avoided, and the defect of complex realization of high-quality coherent optical comb in the channelized receiving based on the optical frequency comb is also avoided.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a broadband multi-path channelization system based on optical frequency shift, the system comprising: the device comprises a light source, an optical splitter, a radio frequency modulation module, a local oscillator modulation module, a broadband filtering module, an optical frequency shift component, an I/Q down-conversion component and a balance detection component;
the light source output end 1 is connected with the input end 2 of the optical splitter, one output end 3 of the optical splitter is connected with the light input end 5 of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency input end 6 of the radio frequency modulation module receives an input broadband radio frequency signal, the light output end 7 of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with the input end 8 of the broadband filtering module, and the output end 13 of the broadband filtering module is connected with the input end 15 of the I/Q down-conversion component; the other output end 4 of the optical splitter is connected with the input end 9 of the local oscillation modulation module, the radio frequency input end 10 of the local oscillation modulation module receives an electric local oscillation input signal, the optical output end 11 of the local oscillation modulation module is connected with the input end 12 of the optical frequency shift component, the output end 14 of the optical frequency shift component is connected with the input end 16 of the I/Q down-conversion component, the output end 17 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end 18 of the balance detection component, the output end 19 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end 20 of the balance detection component, the output end 21 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end 22 of the balance detection component, and the output end 23 of the.
The continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, the optical signal of the upper branch is sent to the radio frequency modulation module, and the optical signal of the lower branch is sent to the local oscillation modulation module;
the broadband radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to the radio frequency modulation module, and the electric local oscillator input signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to the local oscillator modulation module;
the radio frequency modulation module modulates a received broadband radio frequency signal to an upper branch optical signal as a driving signal, the radio frequency modulation module modulates the received broadband radio frequency signal and outputs an optical signal to the broadband filtering module, and the optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation module is a double-sideband signal with optical carrier suppression;
the broadband filtering module filters out the upper sideband of the received optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation module and then sends the optical signal to the I/Q down-conversion component;
the local oscillator modulation module modulates the received electric local oscillator input signal as a driving signal to the optical signal of the lower branch, the local oscillator modulation module modulates the received electric local oscillator input signal and outputs the optical signal to the optical frequency shift component, and the optical signal output by the local oscillator modulation module is a double-sideband signal with optical carrier suppression;
after receiving the optical signal output by the local oscillation modulation module, the optical frequency shift component carries out set frequency shift and upper sideband filtering on the optical signal output by the local oscillation modulation module and then sends the optical signal to the I/Q down-conversion component;
the I/Q down-conversion component carries out channel division and frequency mixing on the received optical signal output by the broadband filtering module and the optical signal output by the optical frequency shift component to obtain an optical frequency mixing signal, and the obtained optical frequency mixing signal is sent to the balance detection component;
the balance detection component restores the received optical mixing signal into a corresponding electric signal and outputs a medium-frequency sub-channel signal.
The radio frequency modulation module is realized by an Intensity Modulator (IM), and comprises an optical input end 5, a radio frequency input end 6 and an optical output end 7;
the optical input end 5 of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with one optical output end 3 of the optical splitter, the radio frequency input end 6 of the radio frequency modulation module receives a broadband radio frequency signal output by a radio frequency source, and the optical output end 7 of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with the optical input end 8 of the broadband filtering module;
the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, the optical signal of the upper branch is sent to an optical input end 5 of the radio frequency modulation module, the broadband radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to a radio frequency input end 6 of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency modulation module is realized by an IM, a corresponding driving electrode is arranged on the IM, a driving voltage can be applied to the driving electrode of the IM, the IM is enabled to work at a minimum transmission point, and then the radio frequency modulation module outputs a double-sideband optical signal with optical carrier suppression.
The local oscillation modulation module is realized by an Intensity Modulator (IM), and comprises an optical input end 9, a radio frequency input end 10 and an optical output end 11; an optical input end 9 of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with an optical output end 4 of the optical splitter, a radio frequency input end 10 of the local oscillator modulation module receives an electric local oscillator input signal output by a radio frequency source, and an optical output end 11 of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with an optical input end 12 of the optical frequency shift component;
the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, the optical signal of the lower branch is sent to the optical input end 9 of the local oscillation modulation module, the electric local oscillation input signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to the radio frequency input end 10 of the local oscillation modulation module, the local oscillation modulation module is realized by IM, a corresponding driving electrode is arranged on the IM, a driving voltage can be applied to the driving electrode of the IM, the IM is enabled to work at a minimum transmission point, and then the local oscillation modulation module outputs a double-sideband optical signal with optical carrier suppression.
The broadband filtering module is realized by a broadband optical filter, the broadband filtering module comprises an optical input end 8 and an optical output end 13, the optical input end 8 of the broadband filtering module is connected with the optical output end 7 of the radio frequency modulation module, and the optical output end 13 of the broadband filtering module is connected with the optical output end 15 of the I/Q down-conversion component;
the broadband filtering module separates left and right sidebands of the received optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation module to obtain a corresponding upper sideband radio frequency modulation optical signal;
the optical frequency shift assembly is realized by parallel superposition of double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs), and each DPMZM comprises an uplink Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), a downlink Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a main modulator;
the uplink MZM and the downlink MZM respectively utilize a single MZM electro-optic modulation effect to perform electro-optic modulation;
the main modulator controls the optical signal output by the uplink MZM to be added or subtracted with the optical signal output by the downlink MZM, and then the optical signal is sent to the I/Q down-conversion component through the DPMZM optical output end 14;
an excitation signal output by the signal source is divided into two paths by an optical splitter, one path is loaded to the DPMZM uplink MZM, the other path is loaded to the DPMZM downlink MZM after 90-degree electric phase shift, and the phase difference between the excitation signals loaded to the DPMZM radio frequency input end is 90 degrees; the DPMZM uplink MZM works at a minimum direct current bias point, so that the uplink MZM works in a carrier suppression modulation mode; the DPMZM downlink MZM works at a minimum direct current bias point, so that the downlink MZM works in a carrier suppression modulation mode; the main modulator of the DPMZM works at an orthogonal point, so that the output optical signal of the DPMZM is the difference between the output optical signal of the uplink MZM and the output optical signal of the downlink MZM, and thus the DPMZM outputs a negative first-order single-side-band optical signal with suppressed carrier; similarly, when the phase difference between the excitation signals loaded to the DPMZM radio-frequency input end is minus 90 degrees, the DPMZM outputs a carrier-suppressed positive-order single-sideband optical signal;
the I/Q down-conversion component is realized by a 90-degree optical mixer and comprises two optical input ends 15 and 16 and four optical output ends 17, 19, 21 and 23, wherein one optical input end 15 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the optical output end 13 of the broadband filter module, and the other optical input end 16 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the optical output end 14 of the optical frequency shift component; the I/Q down-converted optical outputs 17, 19, 21, 23 are connected to inputs 18, 20, 22, 24 of the balanced detection component.
After an optical signal output by the optical frequency shift component and an optical signal output by the broadband filter module are sent to the I/Q down-conversion component, the I/Q down-conversion component carries out optical frequency mixing on the received optical signal to generate four paths of coupled optical signals, wherein two paths of the four paths of coupled optical signals output by the I/Q down-conversion component are in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degree and 180 degrees respectively, and two paths of the four paths of coupled optical signals are quadrature signals with phase differences of 90 degrees and-90 degrees respectively; wherein the in-phase signal is output by the optical outputs 17 and 19 of the I/Q down-conversion component to the inputs 18 and 20 of the balanced detection component and the quadrature signal is output by the optical outputs 21 and 23 of the I/Q down-conversion component to the inputs 22 and 24 of the balanced detection component;
the balance detection component receives four paths of coupled optical signals output by the I/Q down conversion component, and performs photoelectric conversion based on a square rate detection mode on the received four paths of coupled optical signals to obtain corresponding electric intermediate frequency signals.
A broadband multi-channel channelizing method based on optical frequency shift inputs a broadband microwave signal with a radio frequency signal of 3 delta f and outputs six intermediate frequency signals with the same bandwidth delta f and center frequency;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, and the upper branch and the lower branch are respectively loaded to the optical input ends of the radio frequency modulation module and the local oscillation modulation module;
(2) the radio frequency source outputs broadband radio frequency signals to be loaded to a radio frequency input end of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency modulation module works at a minimum transmission point through parameter control, and the radio frequency modulation module outputs double-sideband signals with optical carrier suppression and sends the double-sideband signals to the broadband filtering module;
(3) the broadband filtering module filters out an upper sideband of the radio frequency modulation output optical signal and then sends the upper sideband to one optical input end of the I/Q down-conversion component;
(4) the radio frequency source outputs an electric local oscillator input signal to be loaded to a radio frequency input end of the local oscillator modulation module, the local oscillator modulation module works at a minimum transmission point through parameter control, and the local oscillator modulation module outputs a double-sideband signal with optical carrier suppression and sends the double-sideband signal to the optical frequency shift assembly;
(5) the optical frequency shift component comprises a first optical frequency shifter, a second optical frequency shifter and a third optical frequency shifter, and each optical frequency shifter is realized by using a DPMZM; when an excitation signal with the frequency of delta f is loaded at the radio frequency end of the DPMZM and the DPMZM outputs a negative first-order single-side band signal with optical carrier suppression, a first path of optical frequency shift with the frequency of-delta f is realized; when an excitation signal with the frequency of delta f is loaded at the radio frequency end of the DPMZM and the DPMZM outputs a positive-order single-side band signal with optical carrier suppression, a second path of optical frequency shift with the frequency of delta f is realized; when the DPMZM radio frequency end is empty, a third optical frequency shift with the frequency of 0 is realized;
(7) the optical signal output by the optical frequency shift component and the optical signal output by the broadband filtering module are sent to an I/Q down-conversion component together to generate four paths of coupling signals, and the I/Q down-conversion component outputs in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degree and 180 degrees respectively and quadrature signals with phase differences of 90 degrees and-90 degrees respectively;
(8) the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal of the I/Q down-conversion component are sent to a balance detection component, and two paths of intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images and have a bandwidth delta f are obtained after balance detection respectively;
(9) a first path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 1-channel and 4-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; the second path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 3-channel and 6-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; the third path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 2-channel and 5-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; all intermediate frequency signals have a bandwidth Δ f and the center frequency is the same.
Compared with the prior microwave signal channelized frequency conversion method adopting the microwave technology, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the invention is suitable for broadband microwave signal channelization and same intermediate frequency conversion of any working frequency band, and has transparent frequency band and good universality.
(2) The operating bandwidth is scalable. By superposing the optical frequency shift modules, the working bandwidth and the number of channels can be expanded according to the requirements of users, and the realization is simple.
Compared with the traditional microwave signal channelized frequency conversion method adopting the microwave photon technology, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the method realizes the division of the broadband signal channel by combining single-frequency laser with double-sideband optical frequency shift, and does not need optical filtering and complex coherent optical frequency comb generation, thereby not only avoiding the defect of poor out-of-band inhibition capability of the optical filtering in the traditional channelized receiving, but also avoiding the defect of complex realization of high-quality coherent optical comb in the channelized receiving based on the optical frequency comb.
(2) The invention can realize multi-channel channelization and same intermediate frequency by combining optical frequency shift with I/Q down conversion, and can realize stable output of multi-channel same intermediate frequency signals by adopting a universal shelf product.
(3) A broadband multi-channel channelizing system and method based on optical frequency shift relates to the technical field of optics, microwave science and microwave photonics, aims at the technical difficulty of generation of a narrow-band optical filter and a dual-phase dry optical comb in the current broadband multi-channel channelizing, and utilizes the interference effect between optical modulators and the optical frequency shift characteristic to complete multi-channel division and high-rejection-ratio same-intermediate-frequency conversion of broadband microwave signals. The invention provides a broadband multi-path channelization method based on optical frequency shift in a mode of combining optical frequency shift channelization and I/Q down-conversion. The method completes channel division of broadband signals by combining single-frequency laser with double-sideband frequency shift, realizes output of a plurality of double-channel and medium-frequency signals which are mirror images of each other through I/Q down conversion, and not only avoids the defect that the out-of-band inhibition capability of an optical filter in the traditional channelized receiving process is poor, but also avoids the defect that the realization of a high-quality coherent optical comb in the channelized receiving process based on an optical frequency comb is complex.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of broadband microwave signal channelization and common IF frequency spectrum of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a chart of the local oscillator modulation output spectrum of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an output spectrogram of +500MHz modulated output of a local oscillator according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an output spectrogram of a-500 MHz shifted local oscillator modulation output according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the in-band flatness test results of the same IF output signal according to the present invention;
fig. 8 shows the result of the image rejection ratio test of the same if frequency converted output signal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A broadband multi-path channelizing method based on optical frequency shift comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the light source outputs continuous optical signals, the continuous optical signals are divided into an upper branch and a lower branch with equal power through the optical splitter. The upper branch optical signal is sent to the optical input end of the radio frequency modulation module, the lower branch optical signal is sent to the optical input end of the local oscillation modulation module, and the radio frequency modulation module and the local oscillation modulation module work at the minimum point to ensure that the modulation mode is an optical carrier suppression double-sideband modulation mode. The output signal of the radio frequency modulation module is filtered out an upper sideband after broadband filtering and then is sent to an optical input end of the I/Q down-conversion component. And the output signal of the local oscillation modulation module is sent to a corresponding optical frequency shift component to complete frequency shift in an optical domain as required, and then the output optical signal after frequency shift is sent to the other optical input end of the I/Q down conversion component. Sub-channel division and frequency conversion are realized in an optical domain through an I/Q down-conversion component, an output optical signal of the I/Q down-conversion component is subjected to photoelectric conversion through a balance detection component to obtain a sub-channel signal which is subjected to same intermediate frequency conversion, and then an image signal can be further suppressed through an electric coupling unit;
step two: the broadband radio frequency signal is loaded to an upper branch optical carrier output by the light source through the radio frequency modulation module, and the radio frequency modulation module outputs a double-sideband signal of optical carrier suppression when the radio frequency modulation is set to work at a minimum transmission point. The signal is subjected to broadband filtering and corresponding optical branching to obtain corresponding three upper sideband radio frequency modulation optical signals. An electric local oscillator input signal is loaded on a lower branch optical carrier output by a light source through local oscillator modulation, the local oscillator modulation is set to work at a minimum transmission point, the local oscillator modulation outputs a double-sideband signal with optical carrier suppression, the double-sideband signal is divided into three paths through an optical splitter and then is sent to an optical frequency shift component to carry out frequency shift of-delta f, delta f and 0 respectively;
step three: when the input radio frequency signal is a 3 delta f broadband microwave signal, if the frequency is the same as the frequency of the input radio frequency signal, six paths of intermediate frequency signals with the same bandwidth delta f are obtained. After the first path of light is shifted by- Δ f, the upper sideband of the local oscillation modulation signal is aligned to the upper RF sideband, and after I/Q down-conversion and balanced detection, a sub-channel 1 and a sub-channel 4 with the same center frequency and the bandwidth of Δ f are obtained, and the two channels are mirror images of each other.
Similarly, after the optical frequency of the second local oscillation modulation signal is shifted by Δ f, a sub-channel 3 and a sub-channel 6 with the same center frequency and the same bandwidth Δ f are obtained after the I/Q down-conversion and the balance detection, and the two channels are mirror images. And when the third local oscillator modulation signal does not generate frequency shift, obtaining a sub-channel 2 and a sub-channel 5 which have the same center frequency and the bandwidth of delta f after I/Q down-conversion and balanced detection, wherein the two channels are mirror images.
The balanced detected intermediate frequency signals are further processed through image rejection and sub-channel output by corresponding electric coupler.
Continuous optical signals output by a light source are divided into two paths by an optical splitter and are sent to optical input ends of radio frequency modulation and local oscillator modulation, broadband radio frequency signals output by the radio frequency source are loaded to the radio frequency modulation, electric local oscillator input signals output by the radio frequency source are loaded to the local oscillator modulation, the radio frequency modulation and the local oscillator modulation are both arranged at a minimum transmission point, and therefore optical carriers are not contained in the output optical signals of the radio frequency modulation and the local oscillator modulation. The radio frequency optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation is filtered out an upper sideband through broadband filtering to obtain a corresponding positive sideband optical signal, and the sideband is divided into three paths to generate three upper sidebands (RF).
The local oscillator modulation output local oscillator optical signal is shunted and sent to a corresponding optical frequency shift component, the optical frequency shift component is composed of three parallel-arranged DPMZMs, each DPMZM in the optical frequency shift component is arranged at a minimum transmission point, and the radio frequency signal output difference between an uplink MZM and a downlink MZM in each DPMZM is respectively 90 degrees, -90 degrees and 0, so that each DPMZM outputs a corresponding first-order single sideband carrier suppression optical signal, and a first-order optical frequency shift of- Δ f, a second-order optical frequency shift of Δ f and a third-order optical frequency shift with zero frequency shift are respectively realized.
When the input radio frequency signal is a 3GHz broadband microwave signal, if an intermediate frequency signal with the bandwidth of 500MHz and the center frequency of 750MHz is desired to be obtained. The signal output by the first path of optical frequency shift and the RF signal output after broadband filtering are sent to an I/Q down-conversion component together to generate four paths of coupled signals, the I/Q down-conversion component outputs in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degrees and 180 degrees respectively and quadrature signals with phase differences of 90 degrees and-90 degrees respectively, and the in-phase signals and the quadrature signals are respectively subjected to balanced detection to obtain 1-channel and 4-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images of each other. Similarly, the signal output by the second optical frequency shift and the RF signal output after the broadband filtering are subjected to I/Q down-conversion and optical balance detection, so as to obtain the sub-channel 3 and the sub-channel 6 having the center frequency of 750MHz and the bandwidth of 500MHz, and the two channels are mirror images of each other. And after I/Q down-conversion and light balance detection are carried out on the signal output by the second path of optical frequency shift and the RF signal output after broadband filtering, a sub-channel 2 and a sub-channel 5 with the center frequency of 750MHz and the bandwidth of 500MHz are obtained, and the two channels are mirror images. The balanced detected intermediate frequency signals are further processed through image rejection and sub-channel output by corresponding electric coupler.
The invention provides a broadband multi-path channelizing system and method based on optical frequency shift. The method does not need an optical comb signal generator, a narrow-band optical filter and a channel selection filter, can complete channel division of broadband signals by combining single-frequency laser with optical frequency shift as long as all electro-optical modulators work at the minimum transmission point, and realizes output of a plurality of double-path signals with the same intermediate frequency, which are mirror images of each other, by combining I/Q down-conversion with balanced detection, thereby not only avoiding the defect of poor out-of-band inhibition capability of the optical filter in the traditional channelized receiving, but also avoiding the defect of complex realization of high-quality coherent optical comb in the channelized receiving based on the optical frequency comb.
The specific implementation mode is a broadband multi-channel channelizing system based on optical frequency shift, and as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a light source, an optical splitter, a radio frequency modulation module, a local oscillator modulation module, a broadband filtering module, an optical frequency shift component, an I/Q down-conversion component, and a balance detection component. The optical frequency shift assembly consists of three parallel-arranged DPMZMs, and each DPMZM comprises an uplink MZM, a downlink MZM and a main modulator; the main modulator of the DPMZM controls the addition or subtraction of the optical signal output by the uplink MZM and the optical signal output by the downlink MZM, and then the optical signals are output by the optical output end of the DPMZM; and performing electro-optical modulation on the input broadband radio frequency signal and the input signal of the electric local oscillator by utilizing an IM electro-optical modulation effect.
The output end of the light source is connected with the input end of the optical splitter, one output end of the optical splitter is connected with the optical input end of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency input end of the radio frequency modulation module receives an input broadband radio frequency signal, the optical output end of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with the broadband filtering input end, and the output end of the broadband filtering module is connected with one input end of the I/Q down-conversion component; the other output end of the optical splitter is connected with the input end of the local oscillator modulation module, the radio frequency input end of the local oscillator modulation module receives an electric local oscillator input signal, the optical output end of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with the input end of the optical frequency shift component, the output end of the optical frequency shift component is connected with the other input end of the I/Q down-conversion component, the output end of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end of the balance detection component, and the output end of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end of the balance detection.
The second embodiment is radio frequency modulation, local oscillator modulation, wideband filtering and optical frequency shifting, as shown in fig. 2. The system comprises a light source, an optical splitter, a radio frequency modulation module, a local oscillation modulation module, a broadband filtering module, an optical splitter 1, an optical splitter 2 and an optical frequency shift assembly. The optical frequency shift component comprises a first optical frequency shift, a second optical frequency shift and a third optical frequency shift. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to fig. 2, a continuous optical signal output by a light source is divided into two paths by an optical splitter and sent to an optical input end of radio frequency modulation and local oscillator modulation, a broadband radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency source is loaded to the radio frequency modulation, an electric local oscillator input signal output by the radio frequency source is loaded to the local oscillator modulation, and the radio frequency modulation and the local oscillator modulation are both set at a minimum transmission point, so that an output optical signal of the radio frequency modulation and the local oscillator modulation does not contain an optical carrier. The radio frequency modulated output radio frequency optical signal is filtered out an upper sideband through broadband filtering to obtain a corresponding positive sideband optical signal, and the sideband is divided into three paths through an optical branch 1 to generate three upper sidebands (RF).
According to the above, the radio frequency source emits at a frequency ωRFThe radio frequency signal is sent to a radio frequency modulation module, and the expression of the radio frequency signal is VRF(t)＝VRFsin(ωRFt) as shown in fig. 3 (1). The light field of the continuous light signal output by the light source is Ein(t)＝E0exp(jωct). The radio frequency modulation works at the minimum point, namely the power control circuit outputs a voltage with a value of half-wave voltage of the modulator to load the radio frequency modulation, so that the optical field expression of the modulated optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation is as follows:
as can be seen from equation (1), all even-order signals in the output optical signal are cancelled, and when m <1, the third-order signals are greatly suppressed. The output optical signal is an even-order suppressed optical signal. The radio frequency spectrum of the light source is schematically shown in (2) of FIG. 3. The output signal of the radio frequency modulator is filtered out of the upper sideband by a broadband filter to obtain a corresponding positive sideband radio frequency modulation optical signal. The output spectrum is shown in FIG. 3 (3). The expressions are respectively:
step two: according to fig. 2, the local oscillation optical signal output by the local oscillation modulation is divided into three paths by the optical splitter 2 and then sent to the optical frequency shift module for corresponding optical frequency shift, and the optical frequency shift module is composed of three parallel dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulators (DPMZM1, DPMZM2, and DPMZM3) arranged in parallel, and respectively implements a first optical frequency shift of-500 MHz, a second frequency shift of +500MHz, and a third frequency shift with zero frequency shift. Each DPMZM in the optical frequency shift assembly is set at a minimum working point, the radio frequency signal output difference between an uplink MZM and a downlink MZM in each DPMZM is 90 degrees, +90 degrees and 0, so that each DPMZM outputs a corresponding first-order single sideband carrier suppression optical signal, the excitation signal frequency of each DPMZM is set to be 500MHz, 500MHz and 0, and therefore a first path of optical frequency shift signal, a second path of optical frequency shift signal and a third path of optical frequency shift signal are obtained in an optical domain.
According to the above, the radio frequency source emits at a frequency ωLOThe input signal of the electric local oscillator is sent to the local oscillator for modulation, and the expression of the input signal of the electric local oscillator is VLO(t)＝VLOsin(ωLOt) as shown in fig. 3 (5). The light field of the continuous light signal output by the light source is Ein(t)＝E0exp(jωct). The local oscillation modulation works at the minimum point, namely the voltage with the value of the half-wave voltage of the modulator is output by the power supply control circuit and is simultaneously loaded on the local oscillation modulation,
the optical field expression of the output modulated optical signal of the local oscillator modulator is as follows:
as can be seen from equation (3), all even-order signals in the output optical signal are eliminated, and when m is greater<At 1, the third order signal is greatly suppressed. The output optical signal is an even-order suppressed optical signal. The local oscillation spectrum is schematically shown in fig. 3 (6). The signal source sends out a frequency of delta f1、Δf2And Δ f3The excitation signals are sent to DPMZM1, DPMZM2 and DPMZM3, the DPMZM1, the DPMZM2 and the DPMZM3 all work at the minimum point, namely, the power supply control circuit outputs a voltage with the value of half-wave voltage of the modulator and simultaneously loads the voltage on the DPMZM1, the DPMZM2 and the DPMZM3, and the expression of the excitation signals is V (t) ═ Vsin omegaΔfnt (n is 1,2, 3). The electrical phase shifters are introduced to make the rf signal output difference between the upstream MZM and the downstream MZM in each DPMZM be 90 degrees, -90 degrees, and 0, so that each DPMZM outputs a corresponding optical frequency shift signal, as shown in fig. 3(7) to 3 (9). The optical field expressions of the output modulated optical signals of the DPMZM1, the DPMZM2 and the DPMZM3 are as follows:
as can be seen from equation (4), the output optical signal only contains the single-sideband odd-order signal, and when m is<1, the third order signal is greatly suppressed, and the output signal is a single sideband signal of first order optical carrier suppression. When Δ f1＝-Δf2＝-500MHz，Δf3When 0, optical frequency shifting by an amount of 500MHz may be accomplished.
When the frequency of the electric local oscillator input signal is 18GHz, the local oscillator modulation output spectrum obtained according to the method of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, the output spectrum of the local oscillator modulation output after +500MHz frequency shift is shown in fig. 5, and the output spectrum of the local oscillator modulation output after-500 MHz frequency shift is shown in fig. 6. It can be seen from the figure that the suppression ratio of the double-sideband signal generated by the carrier suppression in the local oscillation modulated optical signal generated by the invention is better than 20dB, the signal output after optical frequency shift is a single-sideband signal of first-order optical carrier suppression, the signals are respectively shifted by +500MHz and-500 MHz relative to the local oscillation modulated output optical signal, and the sideband suppression ratio of the signal is close to 30 dB.
The specific implementation mode is three-path generation of the same intermediate frequency signal. As shown in fig. 2. The system comprises an I/Q down-conversion component and a balance detection component. The I/Q down-conversion component comprises an I/Q down-conversion 1, an I/Q down-conversion 2 and an I/Q down-conversion 3, and the balance detection component comprises a balance detection 1, a balance detection 2, a balance detection 3, a balance detection 4, a balance detection 5 and a balance detection 6. The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to fig. 2, when the input rf signal is a 3GHz broadband microwave signal, if one wants to obtain an intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of 500MHz and a center frequency of 750 MHz. When the first optical frequency-shifted excitation signal is-500 MHz, the first optical frequency-shifted output upper sideband signal (as shown in fig. 3 (12)) and the RF signal (as shown in fig. 3 (11)) output after broadband filtering are sent to the I/Q down-conversion 1 to generate four coupled signals, the I/Q down-conversion 1 outputs in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degree and 180 degrees, respectively, and the optical spectrum diagrams thereof are shown in fig. 3(13) and fig. 3 (14). And quadrature signals with a phase difference of 90 degrees and-90 degrees, respectively, the spectra of which are schematically shown in fig. 3(15) and fig. 3 (16). The in-phase signal is sent to the balanced detection 1, the quadrature signal is sent to the balanced detection 2, and after the corresponding balanced detection, the intermediate frequency signals of the 1 channel and the 4 channel which are mirror images of each other are obtained, and further, the separation of the 1 channel and the 4 channel is realized through electric coupling, and the electric spectrum of the signals is shown in fig. 3(17) and fig. 3 (18).
Step two: according to fig. 2, when the input rf signal is a 3GHz broadband microwave signal, if one wants to obtain an intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of 500MHz and a center frequency of 750 MHz. When the excitation signal of the second optical frequency shift is 500MHz, the upper sideband signal output by the second optical frequency shift and the RF signal output after broadband filtering are sent to an I/Q down-conversion 2 together to generate four paths of coupled signals, the I/Q down-conversion 2 outputs an in-phase signal with the phase difference of 0 degree and 180 degrees and an orthogonal signal with the phase difference of 90 degrees and 90 degrees respectively, the in-phase signal is sent to a balance detection 3, the orthogonal signal is sent to a balance detection 4, the intermediate frequency signals of a 3 channel and a 6 channel which are mirror images of each other are obtained after the corresponding balance detection, and the separation of the 3 channel and the 6 channel is further realized through electric coupling.
Step three: according to fig. 2, when the input rf signal is a 3GHz broadband microwave signal, if one wants to obtain an intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of 500MHz and a center frequency of 750 MHz. When the excitation signal of the third optical frequency shift is 0, the third optical frequency shift output upper sideband signal and the RF signal output after broadband filtering are sent to an I/Q down-conversion 3 together to generate four paths of coupling signals, the I/Q down-conversion 3 outputs an in-phase signal with the phase difference of 0 degree and 180 degrees and an orthogonal signal with the phase difference of 90 degrees and 90 degrees respectively, the in-phase signal is sent to a balance detection 1, the orthogonal signal is sent to a balance detection 2, the intermediate frequency signals of a 2-channel and a 5-channel which are mirror images of each other are obtained after corresponding balance detection, and the separation of the 2-channel and the 5-channel is further realized through electric coupling.
When the frequency range of the input broadband radio frequency signal is that the frequency of the microwave signal is 16.5GHz-19.5GHz, the frequency of the electric local oscillator input signal is 18 GHz. The in-band flatness test results of the if converted output signals obtained according to the present invention are shown in fig. 7, and the image rejection ratio test results of the if converted output signals obtained according to the present invention are shown in fig. 8. As can be seen from the figure, the flatness in the band is better than 0.5dB, and the image rejection ratio is better than 23 dB.
Claims (9)
1. A broadband multi-path channelized system based on optical frequency shift, comprising: the system comprises a light source, an optical splitter, a radio frequency modulation module, a local oscillation modulation module, a broadband filtering module, an optical frequency shift component, an I/Q down-conversion component and a balance detection component;
the light source is used for outputting a continuous light signal;
the optical splitter is used for carrying out splitting processing on the received optical signals;
the radio frequency modulation module is used for modulating the received broadband radio frequency signal and outputting an optical signal to the broadband filtering module;
the local oscillator modulation module is used for modulating the received electric local oscillator input signal and outputting an optical signal to the optical frequency shift component;
the broadband filtering module is used for filtering the received optical signal and sending the filtered optical signal to the I/Q down-conversion component;
the optical frequency shift component is used for carrying out frequency shift and filtering on the received optical signal and then sending the optical signal to the I/Q down-conversion component;
the I/Q down-conversion component is used for carrying out channel division and frequency mixing on the received optical signals to obtain optical frequency mixing signals and sending the obtained optical frequency mixing signals to the balance detection component;
the balance detection assembly is used for restoring the received optical mixing signal into a corresponding electric signal and outputting a medium-frequency sub-channel signal;
the output end of the light source is connected with the input end of the optical splitter, one output end of the optical splitter is connected with the optical input end of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency input end of the radio frequency modulation module receives an input broadband radio frequency signal, the optical output end of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with the input end of the broadband filtering module, and the output end of the broadband filtering module is connected with the input end of the I/Q down-conversion component; the other output end of the optical splitter is connected with the input end of the local oscillator modulation module, the radio frequency input end of the local oscillator modulation module receives an electric local oscillator input signal, the optical output end of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with the input end of the optical frequency shift component, the output end of the optical frequency shift component is connected with the input end of the I/Q down-conversion component, the output end of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the input end of the balance detection component, and the output end of.
2. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radio frequency modulation module is realized by an Intensity Modulator (IM), and comprises an optical input end 5, a radio frequency input end 6 and an optical output end 7;
the optical input end 5 of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with one optical output end 3 of the optical splitter, the radio frequency input end 6 of the radio frequency modulation module receives a broadband radio frequency signal output by a radio frequency source, and the optical output end 7 of the radio frequency modulation module is connected with the optical input end 8 of the broadband filtering module;
the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, the optical signal of the upper branch is sent to an optical input end 5 of the radio frequency modulation module, and the broadband radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to a radio frequency input end 6 of the radio frequency modulation module; the IM is provided with a driving electrode, and the driving electrode is provided with a driving voltage so that the IM works at a minimum transmission point.
3. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the local oscillation modulation module is realized by an Intensity Modulator (IM), and comprises an optical input end 9, a radio frequency input end 10 and an optical output end 11; an optical input end 9 of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with an optical output end 4 of the optical splitter, a radio frequency input end 10 of the local oscillator modulation module receives an electric local oscillator input signal output by a radio frequency source, and an optical output end 11 of the local oscillator modulation module is connected with an optical input end 12 of the optical frequency shift component;
the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through an optical splitter, the optical signal of the lower branch is sent to an optical input end 9 of a local oscillation modulation module, and the electric local oscillation input signal output by the radio frequency source is sent to a radio frequency input end 10 of the local oscillation modulation module; the local oscillation modulation module is provided with a driving electrode, and the driving electrode is provided with a driving voltage to enable the IM to work at a minimum transmission point.
4. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the broadband filtering module is realized by a broadband optical filter, the broadband filtering module comprises an optical input end 8 and an optical output end 13, the optical input end 8 of the broadband filtering module is connected with the optical output end 7 of the radio frequency modulation module, and the optical output end 13 of the broadband filtering module is connected with the optical output end 15 of the I/Q down-conversion component;
the broadband filtering module separates the left and right sidebands of the received optical signal output by the radio frequency modulation module to obtain a corresponding upper sideband radio frequency modulation optical signal.
5. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the optical frequency shift assembly is realized by parallel superposition of double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs), and each DPMZM comprises an uplink Mach-Zehnder modulator (uplink MZM), a downlink Mach-Zehnder modulator (downlink MZM) and a main modulator;
the uplink MZM and the downlink MZM respectively utilize a single MZM electro-optic modulation effect to perform electro-optic modulation;
and the main modulator controls the optical signal output by the uplink MZM to be added or subtracted with the optical signal output by the downlink MZM, and then the optical signal is sent to the I/Q down-conversion component from the DPMZM optical output end 14.
6. The optical frequency shift-based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps that a signal source outputs an excitation signal which is divided into two paths, wherein one path is loaded to a DPMZM uplink MZM, and the other path is loaded to a DPMZM downlink MZM after 90-degree electrical phase shift, so that the phase difference between the excitation signals loaded to a DPMZM radio frequency input end is 90 degrees; the DPMZM uplink MZM works at a minimum direct current bias point, so that the uplink MZM works in a carrier suppression modulation mode; the DPMZM downlink MZM works at a minimum direct current bias point, so that the downlink MZM works in a carrier suppression modulation mode; the main modulator of the DPMZM works at an orthogonal point, so that the output optical signal of the DPMZM is the difference between the output optical signal of the uplink MZM and the output optical signal of the downlink MZM, and thus the DPMZM outputs a negative first-order single-side-band optical signal with suppressed carrier; when the phase difference between the excitation signals loaded to the DPMZM radio-frequency input end is-90 degrees, the DPMZM outputs a carrier-suppressed positive-order single-sideband optical signal.
7. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the I/Q down-conversion component is realized by a 90-degree optical mixer and comprises two optical input ends 15 and 16 and four optical output ends 17, 19, 21 and 23, wherein one optical input end 15 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the optical output end 13 of the broadband filter module, and the other optical input end 16 of the I/Q down-conversion component is connected with the optical output end 14 of the optical frequency shift component; the I/Q down-converted optical outputs 17, 19, 21, 23 are connected to inputs 18, 20, 22, 24 of the balanced detection component.
8. The optical frequency shift based wideband multichannel channelization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after an optical signal output by the optical frequency shift component and an optical signal output by the broadband filter module are sent to the I/Q down-conversion component, the I/Q down-conversion component carries out optical frequency mixing on the received optical signal to generate four paths of coupled optical signals, wherein two paths of the four paths of coupled optical signals output by the I/Q down-conversion component are in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degree and 180 degrees respectively, and two paths of the four paths of coupled optical signals are quadrature signals with phase differences of 90 degrees and-90 degrees respectively; wherein the in-phase signal is output by the optical outputs 17 and 19 of the I/Q down-conversion component to the inputs 18 and 20 of the balanced detection component and the quadrature signal is output by the optical outputs 21 and 23 of the I/Q down-conversion component to the inputs 22 and 24 of the balanced detection component;
the balance detection component receives four paths of coupled optical signals output by the I/Q down conversion component, and performs photoelectric conversion based on a square rate detection mode on the received four paths of coupled optical signals to obtain corresponding electric intermediate frequency signals.
9. A method for broadband multi-path channelization based on optical frequency shift, comprising: the method inputs a broadband microwave signal with a radio frequency signal of 3 delta f and outputs six paths of intermediate frequency signals with the same central frequency and the bandwidth of delta f; the optical signal output by the broadband filtering module is divided into three paths through another optical splitter 1, three I/Q down-conversion components are adopted at the same time, each I/Q down-conversion component receives one path of optical signal output by the optical splitter 1 and one path of optical frequency shift signal output by an optical frequency shifter respectively, and finally the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal output by the three I/Q down-conversion components are sent to six balance detection components respectively to obtain six paths of intermediate frequency signals finally;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the continuous optical signal output by the light source is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch after passing through the optical splitter, and the upper branch and the lower branch are respectively loaded to the optical input ends of the radio frequency modulation module and the local oscillation modulation module;
(2) the radio frequency source outputs broadband radio frequency signals to be loaded to a radio frequency input end of the radio frequency modulation module, the radio frequency modulation module works at a minimum transmission point through parameter control, and the radio frequency modulation module outputs double-sideband signals with optical carrier suppression and sends the double-sideband signals to the broadband filtering module;
(3) the broadband filtering module filters out an upper sideband of the radio frequency modulation output optical signal and then sends the upper sideband to one optical input end of the I/Q down-conversion component;
(4) the radio frequency source outputs an electric local oscillator input signal to be loaded to a radio frequency input end of the local oscillator modulation module, the local oscillator modulation module works at a minimum transmission point through parameter control, and the local oscillator modulation module outputs a double-sideband signal with optical carrier suppression and sends the double-sideband signal to the optical frequency shift assembly;
(5) the optical frequency shift component comprises a first optical frequency shifter, a second optical frequency shifter and a third optical frequency shifter, and each optical frequency shifter is realized by using a DPMZM; when an excitation signal with the frequency of delta f is loaded at the radio frequency end of the DPMZM and the DPMZM outputs a negative first-order single-side band signal with optical carrier suppression, a first path of optical frequency shift with the frequency of-delta f is realized; when a delta f excitation signal is loaded at a DPMZM radio frequency end and the DPMZM outputs a positive-order single-side band signal with optical carrier suppression, a second path of optical frequency shift with the frequency of delta f is realized; when the DPMZM radio frequency end is empty, a third optical frequency shift with the frequency of 0 is realized;
Δ f represents frequency, and implementing the first optical frequency shift with frequency- Δ f means that the first DPMZM output optical signal is shifted leftward from the first DPMZM input optical signal, and the frequency shift has a frequency amount Δ f, that is, the frequency of the DPMZM output optical signal is the value obtained by subtracting Δ f from the frequency of the DPMZM input optical signal; similarly, the second optical frequency shift with the frequency Δ f is realized by performing a frequency shift on the second DPMZM output optical signal rightward relative to the second DPMZM input optical signal, where the frequency shift has the frequency Δ f, that is, the frequency of the DPMZM output optical signal is the sum of the frequency of the DPMZM input optical signal and the frequency Δ f; the third optical frequency shift with the frequency of 0 is realized when no radio frequency signal is added to the third DPMZM radio frequency input end, and the frequency of the DPMZM output optical signal is the same as that of the DPMZM input optical signal;
(6) the optical signal output by the optical frequency shift component and the optical signal output by the broadband filtering module are sent to an I/Q down-conversion component together to generate four paths of coupling signals, and the I/Q down-conversion component outputs in-phase signals with phase differences of 0 degree and 180 degrees respectively and quadrature signals with phase differences of 90 degrees and-90 degrees respectively;
(7) the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal of the I/Q down-conversion component are sent to a balance detection component, and two paths of intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images and have a bandwidth delta f are obtained after balance detection respectively;
(8) a first path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 1-channel and 4-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; the second path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 3-channel and 6-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; the third path of optical frequency shift signal output by the optical frequency shift component passes through the I/Q down-conversion component and the balance detection component to obtain 2-channel and 5-channel intermediate frequency signals which are mirror images; all intermediate frequency signals have a bandwidth Δ f and the center frequency is the same.
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