CN108603783A - Method and apparatus for the Oscillation Amplitude for determining cutter - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the Oscillation Amplitude for determining cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108603783A CN108603783A CN201680052571.7A CN201680052571A CN108603783A CN 108603783 A CN108603783 A CN 108603783A CN 201680052571 A CN201680052571 A CN 201680052571A CN 108603783 A CN108603783 A CN 108603783A
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- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- light beam
- knife
- signal
- receiver
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/12—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring vibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
- B23Q17/2457—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/248—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods
- B23Q17/2485—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods using interruptions of light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/04—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of vibrations which are transverse to direction of propagation
- G01H1/08—Amplitude
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for determining the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter (3), include the following steps：The light beam (23) of grating (2) is generated using the receiver (22) of the transmitter (21) for generating light beam (23) and the luminous intensity for detecting the light beam (23)；Luminous intensity generation receiver signal based on the light beam (23) that the receiver (22) by the grating (2) detects；The point of a knife (31) of the cutter (3) is located in the light beam (23)；The cutter (3) is set to vibrate；The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3) is determined according to the modulation of receiver signal caused by the vibration by the cutter (3).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus for determining the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter.
Background technology
The known lathe of the prior art, wherein when workpiece passes through tool sharpening, the ultrasonic activation of cutter can be added to
In the rotary motion of cutter.
1 763 416 B1 of EP describe a kind of cutter, including knife rest thus, and the knife rest has in first end to be adapted to revolve
Turn the knife rest support of main tapping, and supported with cutter in the second end opposite with first end, and includes to be inserted into
The cutterhead of cutter support, the knife rest include a vibrating motor.
In order to set cutter to ultrasonic activation, such as Piezoelectric Driving can be used, and wherein voltage causes piezoceramic disk thick
The variation of degree.For specific frequency, this can cause the standing wave (resonance excitation) in knife rest.
It should be noted that resonant frequency and the Oscillation Amplitude of resonance depend on the characteristic of used cutter, such as
Its geometry or material, and therefore knife rest cannot be calibrated to some Oscillation Amplitude before manufacture.
1 431 729 A1 of EP describe a kind of freedom for measuring the wire bonder for connecting up semiconductor chip
Vibrate the device of the amplitude of micro-pipe.Here, the micro-pipe causes to vibrate by supersonic generator.For measurement amplitude itself,
The light beam shade generated by micro-pipe vibrating tip is detected by optical receiver.
In method described in 1 431 729 A1 of EP, light beam can be completely obscured and interrupt by micro-pipe tip by light beam.
Since the expression about micro-pipe oscillating region can only be carried out according to shade degree, so if there may be complete shade, then cannot
Expression, because optical receiver is no longer able to detect signal from light beam.Therefore, measuring signal can lose, and then lead to micro-pipe
The measurement of vibration is insufficient.
In addition, the example that the method described in 1 431 729 A1 of EP is only limitted to the micro-pipe such as wire bonder is signified
The rotational symmetry cutter gone out.However, since there is asymmetry, these asymmetry can be projected into most cases cutter
In light beam, and therefore the measurement of amplitude is had adverse effect, institute's unsuitable this cutter in this way.
Invention content
Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus, and vibrating blade can be measured by this method and device
The Oscillation Amplitude of tool.
The purpose is realized by the method according to claim 11 with according to the devices described in claim 11.From
Belong to claim and is related to the advantageous embodiment with the apparatus according to the invention according to the method for the present invention.
Method according to the present invention for determining the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter includes the following steps：Using for generating light beam
Transmitter and for detect the light beam luminous intensity receiver generate grating light beam；Based on the reception by the grating
The luminous intensity for the light beam that device detects generates receiver signal；The point of a knife of the cutter is located in the light beam；Make
The vibration cutting；The vibration width of the cutter is determined according to receiver signal modulation caused by the vibration by the cutter
Degree.
This makes the cutter of the actual vibration amplitude (such as in ultrasonic frequency range of lathe itself) of vibration cutting special
Location survey amount is possibly realized.Here, available conventional tool measurement laser can be used as grating usually in lathe.Therefore, according to this
The method of invention can be implemented in a manner of cost-effective, without being designed modification on lathe, because it can be in machine
The available devices of bed execute, without carrying out any additional installation inside machine.In addition, the Oscillation Amplitude passes through grating
It measures in a non-contact manner so that the cutter will not be damaged.
This method is preferably supplemented with following steps：Cutter is arranged about the axis rotation perpendicular to the light beam, it is special
During not being during measuring Oscillation Amplitude and/or excitation vibration cutting when cutter is placed in light beam.
Particularly, this method preferably includes the cutter or the knife rest of the cutter is kept to receive in the lathe
In working-spindle, and the rotation of the cutter is driven by the working-spindle, is especially shaken according to by the cutter
During the modulation and/or change of the dynamic receiver signal influenced bring the step of determining the vibration cutting amplitude, when described
When cutter positioning is in the light beam.
Its advantage is particularly：It is driven due to the rotation, such as with the working-spindle of the lathe, even if being non-rotation
The cutter for turning symmetric design, looked in the view perpendicular to rotary shaft be rotational symmetry cutter.This after and for
The Oscillation Amplitude measurement of cutter is particularly advantageous, because the side of the main shaft away from driving cutter of cutter forms the rotation around cutter
At least one annular region or annulus of shaft axis.The region or ring, which can be subsequently used in, blocks light beam, this is non-rotary non-
It is proved to be difficult in rotational symmetry cutter.
In addition, this method can advantageously improve has at least one rest part from the cutter for, the cutter, such as
On the direction of vibration of cutter, blade (such as cutter blade of milling cutter) outstanding.
Its advantage is that the geometry of cutter can be designed according to the needs of direction of vibration, because possible not right
Title property is compensated again by the rotation of cutter.
Furthermore, it is possible to advantageously improve this method so that the cutting edge of cutter is on the vibration cutting direction
Extraly protruded from the rest part of cutter.
The advantages of herein, also resides in, the geometry of cutter, be not especially rotational symmetry or discontinuous rotational symmetry
In the case of, it is no longer significantly affected at this time on measurement assembly and/or on the generation of the reliability of the measurement of vibration cutting amplitude is any,
Because the setting of rotary cutter can also compensate possible asymmetry herein.
Other advantage is that Oscillation Amplitude can be straight when on the working-spindle that the cutter or knife rest are clamped in the lathe
Connect and measure, the clamping is also used for subsequent work pieces process, and if applicable, directly the work pieces process it
Before.
Before causing the vibration cutting, preferably change position of the point of a knife in light beam so that the reception
The signal strength of device signal changes according to the position of the point of a knife.
It the advantage is that, the function and precision of this method are not influenced by the geometry of the cutter or material, because
Only the cutter is only light beam shield coverage the deciding factor of amplitude measurement.
The position of point of a knife changes preferably along in the direction of the light beam step by step region in light beam, and
At each step, the correspondence signal strength of the receiver signal is associated with the position of the point of a knife.
It is measured for absolute amplitude in this way, the system is calibrated.In the calibration, in the position of the point of a knife and described
Function correlation is determined between the signal strength of receiver signal, so as to later can be according to the measurement of the receiver signal
Signal strength determines the relative position of the point of a knife.
The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter is strong advantageously according to the maximum signal and minimum signal of the receiver signal
The difference of degree determines.
After the calibration, the first position of the point of a knife of vibration cutter can be determined according to maximum signal, and knife
The second position of point can be determined according to minimum signal strength.Difference between the two positions provides the vibration cutting
Amplitude.
The direction perpendicular to light beam preferably corresponds to the direction of tool axis.
In this way, can be that the cutter vibrated in the axial direction determines the Oscillation Amplitude.
Alternatively, the direction perpendicular to light beam is preferably corresponded to perpendicular to the direction of tool axis.
The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter vibrated on the direction perpendicular to tool axis can be determined in this way.Therefore according to this hair
Bright method to characterize vibration cutting on several directions.
Receiver signal is preferably simulation electricity by receiver generation and proportional to the luminous intensity that receiver detects
Press signal.
Its advantage is that due to the linear dependence between luminous intensity and voltage, can be carried out in a manner of simple and fast must
The calculating wanted.
The cutter is preferably so that the point of a knife is vibrated in the mode of light beam internal vibration.
In order to measure the purpose of the Oscillation Amplitude, point of a knife is vibrated, such as be positioned in the grating so that the knife
It is sharp with the transmitter and the receiver is roughly equidistant and be located substantially at the center of the beam diameter.The beam diameter
Therefore it is selected as sufficiently wide so that the point of a knife is completely in the light beam internal vibration.In this way, the modulation of the receiver signal
The vibration of cutter is directly displayed.
It is preferably further comprising the steps of according to the method for the present invention：By the sensor device that is arranged in knife rest according to cloth
The vibration for setting the cutter in knife rest generates sensor signal；According to the sensor of the Oscillation Amplitude depending on the cutter
Signal determines the vibration frequency of the vibration cutting；The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter is determined according to the sensor signal.
Its advantage is that after calibrating a certain cutter by the grating, it is no longer necessary to the grating is used for amplitude measurement,
And the grating can be removed, because the Oscillation Amplitude of the vibration cutter can be determined directly by the sensor signal.
The vibration frequency of the vibration of the cutter is preferably changed stepwise, and at each step, the cutter it is corresponding
Oscillation Amplitude is associated with the vibration frequency.
In other words, two step calibrations are executed, that is, the position of the originally determined point of a knife and the signal of the receiver signal are strong
Function correlation between degree allow the Oscillation Amplitude from the minimum value of the receiver signal of vibration cutter and
Maximum value is derived.Then, it is determined that the function correlation between Oscillation Amplitude and vibration frequency so that can be from the vibration
The vibration frequency of cutter measured is inferred to the Oscillation Amplitude.
It is according to the present invention to be used to determine that the device of the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter includes：Grating, the grating have for producing
It the transmitter of third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse beam and luminous intensity for detecting the light beam and is generated based on the luminous intensity detected and receives letter
Number receiver；Device for being located in the point of a knife of the cutter in the light beam；Dress for making the vibration cutting
It sets, and for determining the vibration of the cutter according to the modulation of the receiver signal of the vibration effect by the cutter
The device of amplitude.
This makes the cutter of the actual vibration amplitude (such as in ultrasonic frequency range of lathe itself) of vibration cutting special
Location survey amount is possibly realized.Usually already existing traditional cutting tools measurement laser may be used as grating in machinery.Therefore, according to
The device of the invention can be arranged in a manner of cost-effective, without being designed modification to the lathe with existing device,
Without carrying out additional installation inside machine.In addition, Oscillation Amplitude is measured in a non-contact manner by grating so that described
Cutter will not be damaged.
Device for positioning point of a knife is preferably designed to the signal strength with the receiver signal according to the knife
The mode of the position change of point changes position of the point of a knife in the light beam.
Its advantage is that the function and precision of described device are not influenced by the geometry or material of the cutter, because
To only have the cutter to be only the deciding factor of amplitude measurement to the light beam shield coverage.
Described device preferably includes the position for the signal strength of the receiver signal to be distributed to the point of a knife
Device；Described device for positioning the point of a knife is configured as in the region of the light beam perpendicular to the direction of light beam
On the position of point of a knife is altered in steps；And for the signal strength of receiver signal is distributed to point of a knife position device by with
It is set to the position that the correspondence signal strength of receiver signal is assigned to point of a knife at each step.
In this way, the system carries out the calibration of absolute amplitude measurement with the apparatus according to the invention.In calibration, in point of a knife
Position and the signal strength of receiver signal between determine work function correlation so that the relative position of the later point of a knife
It can be determined according to the measuring signal intensity of receiver signal.
For determining that the device of the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter is preferably configured as according to the receiver signal most
The difference of big signal strength and minimum signal strength determines the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter.
After the cali-bration, using the device for vibration cutter, institute can be determined according to maximum signal
The first position of point of a knife is stated, and can determine the second position of the point of a knife according to minimum signal strength.The two positions it
Between difference provide the vibration cutting amplitude.
The direction perpendicular to light beam preferably corresponds to the direction of tool axis.
In this way, can be that the cutter vibrated in the axial direction determines the Oscillation Amplitude.
Alternatively, the direction perpendicular to light beam is preferably corresponded to perpendicular to the direction of tool axis.
In this way, it may be determined that in the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter vibrated on the direction of the tool axis.Therefore root
The vibration cutting can be characterized on several directions according to the device of the invention.
The receiver of the grating be preferably configured as generate receiver signal, the receiver signal as with receiver
The proportional analog voltage signal of the luminous intensity that detects.
It the advantage is that, due to the linear dependence between luminous intensity and voltage, can quickly and easily carry out necessary
It calculates.
It is described to be used to that the device of vibration cutting to be caused to be preferably configured to make the cutter with the point of a knife in the light beam
The mode of internal vibration is vibrated.
In order to measure the purpose of the Oscillation Amplitude, the vibration point of a knife is for example positioned in the grating so that described
Point of a knife is roughly equidistant with the transmitter and the receiver and is located substantially at the center of the beam diameter.The light beam is straight
Diameter is selected as sufficiently wide so that the point of a knife is completely in the light beam internal vibration.In this way, the modulation of the receiver signal is straight
Connect the display vibration cutting.
Device according to the present invention preferably also has：Knife rest for receiving cutter；It is arranged in the knife rest
Sensor device, for according to the vibration of the cutter generate sensor signal；For according to shaking depending on the cutter
The sensor signal of dynamic amplitude determines the device of the vibration frequency of the vibration cutting；And for according to the sensor
Signal determines the device of the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter.
Its advantage is that after being calibrated to a certain cutter by the grating, it is no longer necessary to which the grating is into line amplitude
It measures, and grating can be removed, because the Oscillation Amplitude of the vibration cutter can be determined directly from the sensor signal.
Described device preferably further includes：For the device of the vibration frequency that vibration cutting is altered in steps and for inciting somebody to action
The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter distributes to the device of vibration frequency, described for the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter to be distributed to vibration frequency
Device be configured as the corresponding vibration amplitude distribution at each step by the cutter to vibration frequency.
In other words, the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible two step calibrations, that is, the position of the originally determined point of a knife
Function correlation between the signal strength of the receiver signal so that the amplitude of vibration cutter can be from the reception
The minimum value and maximum value of device signal are derived.Then, it is determined that the function phase between the Oscillation Amplitude and the vibration frequency
Mutual relation so that the Oscillation Amplitude of the vibration cutter can be inferred from the vibration frequency of measurement.
Lathe according to the present invention includes the apparatus according to the invention and is configured to determine according to the method for the present invention
The Oscillation Amplitude of cutter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the part of one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a part for the embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention by chart.
Fig. 3 is shown in an illustrative manner for knife rest according to the method for the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention in a schematic manner.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail and explained below by embodiment and exemplary drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the part of one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.The figure shows gratings 2 comprising
Generate the receiver 22 of the transmitter 21 of light beam 23 (being not shown in Fig. 1) and the luminous intensity of detection light beam 23.For example, being used for
The system of the contactless Tool Broken Detect of RENISHAW or BLUM laser systems can be used as Tool Control and damaged control
The grating 2 of system hits the side of receiver 22 from 21 transmitting focusing laser beam 23 of transmitter and with laser beam 23 within the system
Formula configures receiver 22.The laser grating 2 is mounted on the axis of the machining area cutter 3 of lathe 1 by carrier or package system
In lift area.Grating 2 is likely located on board or board side.Receiver 22 generates proportional to the luminous intensity detected
Receiver signal, and exported as analog voltage signal by receiver 22.
In addition, lathe 1 has main shaft 50 (such as cutter carrying working-spindle), cutter 3 is contained in main shaft by knife rest 11
In 50.Main shaft 50 is also configured to that knife rest 11 and cutter 3 is made to rotate.When main shaft 50 is rotatably driven cutter 3, Oscillation Amplitude is for example
It is measured by the luminous intensity of the light beam 23 emitted by transmitter 21 and the light beam 23 covered by cutter 3, the luminous intensity is by connecing
Device 22 is received to detect.
Particularly, the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter 3 is for example detected by such as under type：Knife rest 11 is positioned such that receive
The point of a knife 31 of cutter 3 in knife rest 11 is disposed in the light beam 23 of grating 2, between transmitter 21 and receiver 22, with
Cover light beam 23.When cutter 3 is arranged to ultrasonic activation, since point of a knife 31 vibrates in light beam 23, shade degree changes.
This leads to the modulation of receiver signal, it is possible thereby to determine the Oscillation Amplitude of vibration cutting.
The basic principle of the present invention is explained in detail by Fig. 2.The system is by initial calibration.For this purpose, non-vibration knife
The point of a knife 31 of tool 3 is located adjacent to the light beam 23 in region with a tight waist.The diameter of light beam 23 is minimum at place with a tight waist.Tool axis 32
Substantially aligned vertically light beam 23.Then, point of a knife 31 is moved by means of the moveable axis of lathe 1 with such step：Such as
By light beam 23 along on the direction of tool axis 32 be 1 μm.As a result, darkness deepens for light beam 23.In every step, luminous intensity is by connecing
It receives device 22 to measure, is converted to receiver signal and voltage value is associated with current tool position.Here it is how to be based on
The function of the tool position of voltage.Diameter with a tight waist is so great that here needs multiple positioning steps with from full light intensity
Degree changes into complete shading, and it is significantly greater than 31 desired peak swing of point of a knife.
After the calibration, Oscillation Amplitude can be determined as follows：Point of a knife 31 is relative to a tight waist and relative to transmitter 21 and connect
Device 22 is received about to be centrally positioned in light beam 23 and be energized ultrasonic vibration.Vibrate point of a knife 31 therefore realize with luminous intensity at
The modulation of the receiver signal of ratio.By the previously determined function of the tool position depending on voltage from receiver signal
Peak-to-peak value determines Oscillation Amplitude.
It can also be calibrated in this way, that is, point of a knife 31 is not moved along tool axis 32, but along perpendicular to knife
Have axis 32 and is moved perpendicular to the direction of light beam 23.The calibration is for determining vibration cutting perpendicular to the side of tool axis 32
Upward Oscillation Amplitude.
Fig. 3 is shown by example for knife rest 11 according to the method for the present invention, by the knife rest 11, in calibration
Afterwards, the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter 3 can also be measured in the case of no grating 2.For this purpose, the system is calibrated as follows.
As by described in Fig. 2, the function of tool position is based on the voltage of receiver signal come originally determined.
Knife rest 11 generates sensor signal, institute equipped with sensor device 12, the sensor device 12 according to vibration cutting
State the information that signal includes the vibration frequency about vibration cutting.Sensor signal can be by analytical equipment (not shown) in knife
It is assessed the outside of frame 11.
Then cutter 3 is set to ultrasonic activation.This can encourage the piezoelectricity member in knife rest 11 with generator (not shown)
The mode that part 13 is transmitted to the mechanical oscillation of cutter 3 carries out.The frequency of vibration can be according to produced by sensor device 12
Sensor signal determine；The receiver signal that amplitude can be generated by the receiver 22 of grating 2 determines.
Later, the vibration frequency of cutter 3 is changed stepwise, for example, the driving frequency by changing generator.It often walks and all measures
Vibration frequency and Oscillation Amplitude, and vibration frequency is associated with corresponding Oscillation Amplitude.This is how to be obtained based on vibration frequency
Obtain the function of Oscillation Amplitude.Then grating 2 can be removed.
The Oscillation Amplitude of cutter 3 can determine in the case of not by grating 2 after this calibration of system.Thus
Purpose makes cutter 3 vibrate and determines vibration frequency by sensor signal.Associated Oscillation Amplitude can be by according to vibration frequency
It is determined by the function of previously determined Oscillation Amplitude.
Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention in a schematic manner.Device for positioning point of a knife 31
41 can be used as, such as can control the shifting axle that be individually moved by the CNC of lathe 1, so as to will be wherein on an axis
The knife rest 11 and cutter 3 of reception are moved to desired position.Device 13 for making cutter 3 vibrate can correspond in knife rest 11
Fig. 3 in piezoelectric element 13.It can be designed as through a certain excitation frequency for changing the device 46 of the vibration frequency of cutter 3
Rate encourages the generator of the generation ultrasonic activation of piezoelectric element 13, the wherein driving frequency that can change.
Device 42 for determining Oscillation Amplitude by receiver signal is used for the dress of correlation signal intensity and position of tool tip
43 are set, the device 44 for determining vibration frequency, the device 45 for determining Oscillation Amplitude by sensor signal, for changing shaking
The device 46 of dynamic frequency and device 47 for being associated with Oscillation Amplitude and vibration frequency, can be the electronic systems of lathe 1
A part.
Device 43 for correlation signal intensity and the position of point of a knife may be connected to the receiver 22 of grating 2 to connect here
Receive the receiver signal from receiver 22.In addition, the device 43 for correlation signal intensity and the position of point of a knife can will be calibrated
Information is transmitted to the device 42 for determining Oscillation Amplitude according to receiver signal, and device 42 also receives receiver from receiver 22
Signal.
For determining that the device 44 of vibration frequency may be coupled to the sensor device 12 in knife rest 11, carry out autobiography to receive
The sensor signal of sensor arrangement 12.In addition, for determining that the device 44 of vibration frequency can transmit the number about vibration frequency
According to the device 47 for being associated with Oscillation Amplitude and vibration frequency, then reception comes from for according to receiver signal device 47 again
Determine the information about Oscillation Amplitude of the device 42 of Oscillation Amplitude with.
Calibration information is transmitted to for according to sensor signal by the device 47 for being associated with Oscillation Amplitude and vibration frequency
Determine the device 45 of Oscillation Amplitude, device 45 is also from 12 receiving sensor signal of sensor device.
Several or whole devices 42 to 45 and 47 can also be combined into a device.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, on the contrary, the various aspects of above-described embodiment and/or each feature can be combined
To provide the further embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference signs
1 lathe
11 knife rests
12 sensor devices
13 piezoelectric elements
2 gratings
21 transmitters
22 receivers
23 light beams
3 cutters
31 points of a knife
32 tool axis
41 device for positioning point of a knife
42 device for determining Oscillation Amplitude by receiver signal
43 device for correlation signal intensity and the position of point of a knife
44 device for determining vibration frequency
45 device for determining Oscillation Amplitude by sensor signal
46 for changing vibration frequency device
47 for being associated with Oscillation Amplitude and the device of vibration frequency
50 main shafts
Claims (24)
1. the method for Oscillation Amplitude of the one kind for determining cutter (3), includes the following steps：
The receiver (22) of luminous intensity with the transmitter (21) for generating light beam (23) and for detecting light beam (23) generates grating
(2) light beam (23)；
Luminous intensity generation receiver signal based on the light beam (23) that the receiver (22) by the grating (2) detects；
The point of a knife (31) of the cutter (3) is located in the light beam (23)；
The cutter (3) is set to vibrate；
The vibration of the cutter (3) is determined according to the modulation of the receiver signal caused by the vibration by the cutter (3)
Amplitude.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein the method is further comprising the steps of：
Make the cutter (3) around traverse or the axis of the axis of normal beam (23) and/or cutter rotation, especially in determination
During the step of Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3).
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The cutter (3) has at least one blade, the blade the cutter (3) direction of vibration from the cutter (3)
Rest part protrude.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein,
The blade of the cutter (3) protrudes on the direction of vibration perpendicular to the cutter (3) from the rest part of cutter (3).
5. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein
Before so that the cutter (3) is vibrated, position of the point of a knife (31) in the light beam (23) is so that the receiver
The mode that the signal strength of signal changes according to the position of the point of a knife (31) changes.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, wherein,
Position in region of the point of a knife (31) in the light beam (23) along perpendicular to the direction of the light beam (23) gradually
Variation, and corresponding signal strength is associated with the receiver signal of position of the point of a knife (31) at each step.
7. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein
The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3) is true by the maximum signal of the receiver signal and the difference of minimum signal strength
It is fixed.
8. according to claim 6 to 7 any one of them method, wherein
The direction for corresponding to tool axis (32) perpendicular to the direction of light beam (23).
9. according to claim 6 to 7 any one of them method, wherein
It is described to correspond to perpendicular to the direction of tool axis (32) perpendicular to the direction of light beam (23).
10. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein
The receiver signal is analog voltage signal, the analog voltage signal be by receiver (22) generate and with by described
The luminous intensity that receiver (22) detects is proportional.
11. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein
Make the cutter (3) so that the point of a knife (31) is vibrated in the mode of the light beam (23) internal vibration.
12. according to any method of the preceding claims, further comprising the steps of：
Pass through sensor device (12) the shaking according to the cutter (3) being arranged in knife rest (11) being arranged in knife rest (11)
Movable property gives birth to sensor signal；
The vibration of the cutter (3) vibration is determined according to the sensor signal of the Oscillation Amplitude depending on the cutter (3)
Frequency；
The Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3) is determined according to the sensor signal.
13. the method according to claim 11, wherein：
The vibration frequency of cutter (3) vibration is changed stepwise, and at each step, the corresponding vibration of the cutter (3)
Amplitude is associated with the vibration frequency.
14. the device of Oscillation Amplitude of the one kind for determining cutter (3), including：
Grating (2), the grating have transmitter (21) for generating light beam (23) and for detecting the light beam (23)
Luminous intensity and the receiver (22) for being used to generate receiver signal based on the luminous intensity detected；
Device (41) for being located in the point of a knife (31) of the cutter (3) in the light beam (23)；
Device (13) for making the cutter (3) vibrate；And
For determining the cutter (3) according to the modulation of the receiver signal caused by the vibration by the cutter (3)
The device (42) of Oscillation Amplitude.
15. device according to claim 14, wherein：
The device (41) for positioning the point of a knife (31) is configured so that the signal strength of the receiver signal
Change position of the point of a knife (31) in the light beam (23) according to the mode of the change in location of the point of a knife (31).
16. device according to claim 15, including：
Device (43) for being associated with the signal strength of the receiver signal and the position of the point of a knife (31), wherein
The device (41) for positioning the point of a knife (31) be configured as along perpendicular to the direction of the light beam (23) by
Step changes the position in the region of the point of a knife (31) in light beam (23), and
It is described to be configured with the device (43) of the position of the point of a knife (31) for being associated with the signal strength of the receiver signal
For be associated at each step the receiver signal correspondence signal strength and point of a knife (31) position.
17. the device according to any one of claim 14 to 16, wherein
It is described to be used to determine that the device (42) of the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3) is configured as according to the receiver signal most
The difference of big signal strength and minimum signal strength determines the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3).
18. the device according to any one of claim 16 to 17, wherein：
The direction for corresponding to tool axis (32) perpendicular to the direction of light beam (23).
19. the device according to any one of claim 16 to 17, wherein：
It is described to correspond to perpendicular to the direction of tool axis (32) perpendicular to the direction of light beam (23).
20. the device according to any one of claim 14 to 19, wherein：
The receiver (22) of the grating (2) is configurable to generate the receiver signal, and the receiver signal is as simulation
Voltage signal is proportional to the luminous intensity detected by the receiver (22).
21. the device according to any one of claim 14 to 20, wherein：
The device (13) for being used to that cutter (3) to be made to vibrate is configured as that cutter (3) is caused to vibrate so that point of a knife (31) is in light
Beam (23) internal vibration.
22. the device according to any one of claim 14 to 21, including：
Knife rest (11) for receiving the cutter (3)；
Sensor device (12) is arranged in the knife rest (11), for generating sensor letter according to the vibration of the cutter (3)
Number；
For determining that the cutter (3) vibrates according to the sensor signal of the Oscillation Amplitude depending on the cutter (3)
Vibration frequency device (44)；And
Device (45) for the Oscillation Amplitude for determining the cutter (3) according to the sensor signal.
23. device according to claim 22, including：
Device (46) for the vibration frequency that the cutter (3) vibration is altered in steps, and
For being associated with the Oscillation Amplitude of the cutter (3) and the device (47) of the vibration frequency, wherein
It is described to be configured as being associated with institute at each step with the device (47) of vibration frequency for being associated with the Oscillation Amplitude of cutter (3)
State the correspondence Oscillation Amplitude of cutter (3) and the vibration frequency.
24. a kind of lathe (1), including：
Device according to any one of claim 14 to 23, wherein：
The lathe (1) is configured to method according to any one of claim 1 to 13 to determine shaking for the cutter (3)
Dynamic amplitude.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015217200.7 | 2015-09-09 | ||
| DE102015217200.7A DE102015217200A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2015-09-09 | Method and device for determining a vibration amplitude of a tool |
| PCT/EP2016/071357 WO2017042365A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Method and device for determining a vibration amplitude of a tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108603783A true CN108603783A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108603783B CN108603783B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680052571.7A Active CN108603783B (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Method and device for determining the vibration amplitude of a tool |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10821568B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3347685B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2018532600A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102168075B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108603783B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102015217200A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2719333C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017042365A1 (en) |
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| WO2020253455A1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | 合肥美的智能科技有限公司 | Detection apparatus, vibration level determination method, vending apparatus and storage medium |
| CN114370924A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-19 | 长春工业大学 | Method and device for detecting vibration amplitude of vibration cutting tool |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018532600A (en) | 2018-11-08 |
| KR20180093876A (en) | 2018-08-22 |
| DE102015217200A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| KR102168075B1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
| CN108603783B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| RU2018112241A3 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
| US20180281142A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
| RU2018112241A (en) | 2019-10-10 |
| EP3347685A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
| WO2017042365A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
| RU2719333C2 (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| EP3347685B1 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
| US10821568B2 (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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