CN108566650B - Packet access method and system of wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Packet access method and system of wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a packet access method and a system of a wireless sensor network, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network; dividing sensors located in the same area into an initial sensor group to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group; calculating the profit of each sensor, and subdividing the belonged groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the profit of each sensor, so as to increase or decrease the number of the sensors in the group, thereby obtaining at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load; and accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group into a wireless sensor network. According to the method and the system, the sensors in the wireless sensor network are grouped, the grouping is adjusted according to the benefits of the sensors, and the wireless sensor network is accessed in a grouping access mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless sensors, in particular to a packet access method and a packet access system of a wireless sensor network.
Background
With the wide application of wireless sensors in various fields, the number of sensor terminals will also increase continuously, the number of sensor terminals will reach trillion orders according to prediction, and the current access protocol is difficult to implement in the face of such huge number of access requests. For example, by using a contention-based access method, timeslot resources may be allocated according to the requirements of terminals in the network, that is, when a terminal has data to transmit, it is allocated with a timeslot for transmitting the data, and when a user has no data to transmit, it is not allocated with timeslot resources. If a plurality of terminals which need to transmit data at the same time collide, the collided terminals send the data again according to a certain strategy until the data is successfully sent or the data is abandoned.
However, the contention-based approach is not suitable for a large-scale wireless sensor network, because collision easily occurs between terminals with a large number of terminals in the large-scale wireless sensor network, and meanwhile, the problems of hiding terminals and exposing terminals in the network are serious, and the QoS requirements of services cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a packet access method and system for a wireless sensor network, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, when a wireless sensor network is accessed in a contention-based manner, because the number of terminals is large in a large-scale wireless sensor network, collision between terminals is likely to occur, and meanwhile, the problems of hiding terminals and exposing terminals in the network are serious, and the QoS requirements of services cannot be guaranteed. The specific scheme is as follows:
a packet access method of a wireless sensor network comprises the following steps:
acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network;
dividing the sensors in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group;
calculating the benefit of each sensor, and according to the benefit of each sensor, subdividing the groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group, increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group, so as to obtain at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, wherein the benefit comprises self capacity benefit, expected capacity benefit and distance benefit;
and accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network.
Optionally, the above method, where the earnings of the sensors are calculated, and the groups to which the sensors in each initial sensor group belong are subdivided according to the earnings of the sensors, and the number of the sensors in the group is increased or decreased, includes:
calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
each sensor receives the number of sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group, calculates expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added, and compares the maximum value in each expected capacity gain with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
if the maximum value in each expected capacity gain is larger than the current capacity gain of the sensor, determining the sensor to be a sensor to be grouped, and taking the group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity gain as an expected group;
selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted, and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from each sensor to be adjusted to each central sensor of the expected group;
and comparing the distance gains, and adjusting the sensor of the group to be adjusted with the maximum distance gain to the corresponding expected group.
Optionally, the above method, wherein the accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network includes:
detecting whether the time slots of the wireless sensor network are synchronous or not;
when a synchronous completion instruction is detected, sending a preset time slot allocation table to the wireless sensor network;
analyzing an access identifier contained in the current time slot in the wireless sensor network;
searching whether a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier exists in the preset time slot allocation table or not;
and when the target dynamic sensor group exists, accessing the sensors in the target dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network.
The above method, optionally, further includes:
and when detecting that any second sensor in the target dynamic sensor group has a data sending request, sending the data in a competitive mode.
The above method, optionally, further includes:
when receiving an access ending instruction sent by a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group, judging whether the wireless sensor network sends a response instruction;
if so, clearing a buffer zone in a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group, and if not, entering a low power consumption mode by the target dynamic sensor group.
A packet access system for a wireless sensor network, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of each sensor in the wireless sensor network;
the initial grouping and dividing module is used for dividing the sensors in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, and the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group;
the dynamic grouping and dividing module is used for calculating the income of each sensor, subdividing the grouping of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the income of each sensor, increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group to obtain at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, wherein the income comprises self capacity income, expected capacity income and distance income;
and the access module is used for accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network.
In the above system, optionally, the dynamic packet dividing module includes:
the first calculating unit is used for calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
the comparison unit is used for receiving the number of the sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group by each sensor, calculating expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added, and comparing the maximum value in each expected capacity gain with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
a determining unit, configured to determine that the sensor is a sensor to be grouped for adjustment if a maximum value in each expected capacity profit is greater than the current capacity profit of the sensor, and take a group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity profit as an expected group;
the second calculation unit is used for selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from each sensor to be adjusted to each central sensor expected to be grouped;
and the adjusting unit is used for comparing the distance gains and adjusting the sensor of the group to be adjusted with the maximum distance gain to the corresponding expected group.
In the above system, optionally, the access module includes:
the detection unit is used for detecting whether the time slots of the wireless sensor network are synchronous or not;
the first sending unit is used for sending a preset time slot allocation table to the wireless sensor network when a synchronous completion instruction is detected;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the access identification contained in the current time slot in the wireless sensor network;
the searching unit is used for searching whether a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier exists in the preset time slot allocation table or not;
and the access unit is used for accessing the sensors in the target dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network when the sensors exist.
The above system, optionally, further includes:
and the second sending unit is used for sending the data in a competitive mode when detecting that any second sensor in the target dynamic sensor group has a data sending request.
The above system, optionally, further includes:
the judging unit is used for judging whether the wireless sensor network sends a response instruction or not when receiving an access ending instruction sent by a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group;
and the determining unit is used for clearing the buffer zone in the sensor in the target dynamic sensor group. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a packet access method and a system of a wireless sensor network, which comprises the following steps: acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network; dividing sensors located in the same area into an initial sensor group to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group; calculating the profit of each sensor, and subdividing the belonged groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the profit of each sensor, so as to increase or decrease the number of the sensors in the group, thereby obtaining at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load; and accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group into a wireless sensor network. According to the method, the sensors in the wireless sensor network are grouped, the grouping is adjusted according to the benefits of the sensors, the wireless sensor network is accessed in a grouping access mode, and the QoS requirement that the service cannot be guaranteed due to a competitive access mode is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a packet access method of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a packet access method of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of a packet access method of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another method for packet access of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of a packet access method of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a packet access system of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The invention discloses a packet access method of a wireless sensor network, which is applied to the process of accessing the wireless sensor network in a large scale, the execution main body of the method can be a processor or a controller in a terminal, the execution flow of the packet access method is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network;
in the embodiment of the invention, the wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network which is currently prepared to be accessed, and each wireless sensor broadcasts the position information thereof through a wireless network to acquire the position information broadcasted by each wireless sensor.
S102, dividing the sensors in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group;
in the embodiment of the invention, the wireless sensor network can be divided into hexagonal grids according to positions, each hexagonal grid is equal in size, the grid area to which the wireless sensor network belongs is judged according to the position information of each sensor node, the sensors in the same grid area are regarded as an initial sensor group, and the central sensors in each initial sensor group broadcast the number of the sensors in the group. A specific division diagram is shown in fig. 2, wherein the number of initial packets is related to the size of the wireless sensor network.
S103, calculating the benefit of each sensor, re-dividing the groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the benefit of each sensor, increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group, and obtaining at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, wherein the benefit comprises self capacity benefit, expected capacity benefit and distance benefit;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of sensor nodes in each initial sensor group is different, and the types of services carried by the sensor nodes are also different, and since the aggregated traffic load may have a large difference due to the difference in the types of services, the gains of each sensor are calculated, the groups to which the sensors in each initial sensor group belong are subdivided according to the gains of each sensor, the number of sensors in the group is increased or decreased, and at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load are obtained, where the gains include the self-capacity gain, the expected capacity gain, and the distance gain, and assuming that the traffic loads of the dynamic sensor groups are approximately equal to each other, the flow load of the dynamic sensor groups is W, and the schematic diagram after the subdivision is shown in fig. 3, where the number of the initial sensor groups is the same as the number of the dynamic sensor groups.
And S104, accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to a wireless sensor network.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sensors in each dynamic sensor group are accessed to the wireless sensor network in a grouping mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sensor nodes with close distances are divided into the initial sensor group, the probability of the occurrence of the hidden terminal in the group is greatly reduced, because the initial grouping of the network is based on the position, in order to meet the load balance in each group, the initial grouping based on the hexagonal grid needs to be adjusted, and the flow load of the group is approximately equal by continuously increasing and decreasing the number of the sensor nodes in the group.
The invention discloses a packet access method of a wireless sensor network, which comprises the following steps: acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network; dividing sensors located in the same area into an initial sensor group to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group; calculating the profit of each sensor, and subdividing the belonged groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the profit of each sensor, so as to increase or decrease the number of the sensors in the group, thereby obtaining at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load; and accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group into a wireless sensor network. According to the method, the sensors in the wireless sensor network are grouped, the grouping is adjusted according to the benefits of the sensors, the wireless sensor network is accessed in a grouping access mode, and the QoS requirement that the service cannot be guaranteed due to a competitive access mode is avoided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the earnings of the sensors are calculated, the groups to which the sensors in each initial sensor group belong are subdivided according to the earnings of the sensors, and the execution flow for increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group is shown in fig. 4, and the method includes the steps of:
s201, calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
in the embodiment of the invention, the specific method for calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor is as follows:
definition of rmaxIndicating the farthest communication distance of the sensor node, dijRepresents the distance, x, from sensor node i to sensor node j closest to the hexagonal centroidijIndicating whether the sensor node i belongs to the group j or not, if so, xijIs 1, otherwise is 0.
Assuming that the total number of terminals in the network is N, the network is divided into m groups in total, and the self capacity gain U when the sensor node i joins the group j is definedc_ijAs shown in equation (1).
Wherein Q is a normal number and Q > > N/m. The self capacity gain plays a decisive role in whether the node adjusts the packet in which it is located.
S202, each sensor receives the number of sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group, expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added are calculated, and the maximum value in each expected capacity gain is compared with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
in the embodiment of the invention, a U is arrangedc_i_nowFor the current capacity gain of each sensor node, each sensor node calculates the current capacity gain U according to the condition of the current group to which the sensor node belongs and the calculation method of S201c_i_now(ii) a When the sensor node i receives the sensor quantity broadcasted by the plurality of central sensor nodes, the expected capacity gain U which can be obtained after the sensor node i is added into each group is calculated according to the received quantityc_ijSetting the maximum value of each expected capacity profit to be Uc_i_exp＝max[Uc_ij]Determining U of each sensor nodec_i_expThen, whether the self capacity gain of each sensor is smaller than the corresponding U is judgedc_i_exp。
S203, if the maximum value in each expected capacity profit is larger than the current capacity profit, determining the sensor as a sensor to be grouped, and taking the group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity profit as an expected group;
in the embodiment of the invention, if yes, the self capacity income is less than the U corresponding to the self capacity incomec_i_expEach sensor of (1) is used as a sensor to be adjusted, and each U is used as a sensor to be adjustedc_i_expThe corresponding packet is taken as the desired packet.
S204, selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted, and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from each preset number of sensors to be adjusted to each central sensor expected to be grouped;
in the embodiment of the invention, if the current capacity gain of the sensor is found to be less than Uc_i_expN of (A) to (B)1U in one nodec_i_expMaximum n2A node, n2The corresponding distance profit U is calculated by each sensor node according to the distance between the sensor node and the central node of each expected groupd_i_expThe specific calculation method of the distance gain is as follows:
dijrepresents the distance from sensor node i to sensor node j closest to the hexagonal centroid, where Q is a normal number and Q is>>N/m。
Ud_ij＝Q-dij (2)
Wherein n is2Is determined according to the actual situation and n1Are determined jointly.
S205, comparing the distance gains, and adjusting the sensor of the group to be adjusted with the largest distance gain to the corresponding expected group.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance profit U is calculatedd_i_expThen, n is selected2U in each sensor noded_i_expMaximum one sensor A, U if there are multiple sensorsd_i_expAnd if the values are the same and are the maximum values, one of the values is randomly selected as A, and is added into the corresponding expected group.
In the embodiment of the invention, the calculation process is repeated until all sensors of the sensors have Uc_i_expAnd when the load of each group in the wireless sensor network is less than the current capacity gain of the wireless sensor network, the load of each group in the wireless sensor network is balanced, the central node of each group recalculates the number of the sensor nodes in the group and broadcasts the number of the sensor nodes in the group, the wireless sensor network is updated, and the updated wireless sensor network comprises at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load.
In the embodiment of the invention, the access of the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network comprises the access between groups and the access in the groups, wherein the access between the groups is carried out by adopting a time division mode, and each group is allocated with a TDMA time slot. The TDMA time slot allocation diagram is shown in fig. 5, each time slot includes an access identifier, the access identifier and the dynamic sensor group are stored in a preset time slot allocation table, and the access identifier and the dynamic sensor group have a one-to-one correspondence relationship.
In the embodiment of the invention, the time slot synchronization of the whole network is firstly carried out, when a synchronization completion instruction is detected, the time slot synchronization of the wireless sensor network is judged, a time slot distribution list is prepared to be sent, after the time slot distribution list is sent, a low power consumption mode is entered, whether a TDMA time slice is reached or not is judged, and if the time slice is reached, whether the time slot is a local time slot or not is judged. If the local time slot is the local time slot, analyzing the access identifier contained in the local time slot, searching a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier in a preset time slot allocation table, and transmitting data; otherwise, entering a low power consumption mode, and if the time slice does not arrive, continuing to maintain the low power consumption mode; and after the data transmission is finished, judging whether a response is obtained. If the response is obtained, clearing the cache area and entering a low power consumption mode; otherwise, directly entering a low power consumption mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the inter-group access is finished, the intra-group access mainly adopts an ALOHA-based competition mode, namely when any sensor in the group has data to send, the sensor is allowed to send the data immediately.
In the embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the above-mentioned packet access method for the wireless sensor network, the present invention further provides a packet access system for the wireless sensor network, and a block diagram of the packet access system is shown in fig. 6, and includes:
an acquisition module 301, an initial packet partitioning module 302, a dynamic packet partitioning module 303, and an access module 304.
The acquiring module 301 is configured to acquire location information of each sensor in the wireless sensor network;
an initial grouping and dividing module 302, configured to divide the sensors located in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information, to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, where a central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of sensors in the group;
the dynamic grouping and dividing module 303 is configured to calculate earnings of the sensors, re-divide the groups to which the sensors belong in each initial sensor group according to the earnings of the sensors, increase or decrease the number of the sensors in the group, and obtain at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, where the earnings include self-capacity earnings, expected capacity earnings, and distance earnings;
and an accessing module 304, configured to access the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network.
The invention discloses a packet access system of a wireless sensor network, which comprises: acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network; dividing sensors located in the same area into an initial sensor group to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group; calculating the profit of each sensor, and subdividing the belonged groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the profit of each sensor, so as to increase or decrease the number of the sensors in the group, thereby obtaining at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load; and accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group into a wireless sensor network. According to the system, the sensors in the wireless sensor network are grouped, the grouping is adjusted according to the benefits of the sensors, the wireless sensor network is accessed in a grouping access mode, and the QoS requirement that the service cannot be guaranteed due to a competitive access mode is avoided.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic packet dividing module 303 includes: the device comprises a first calculating unit, a comparing unit, a determining unit, a second calculating unit and an adjusting unit.
The first calculating unit is used for calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
the comparison unit is used for receiving the number of the sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group by each sensor, calculating expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added, and comparing the maximum value in each expected capacity gain with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
the determining unit is used for determining that the sensor is a sensor to be grouped and taking the group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity profit as an expected group if the maximum value in each expected capacity profit is larger than the current capacity profit of the sensor;
the second calculation unit is used for selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from the preset number of sensors to be adjusted to each central sensor expected to be grouped;
and the adjusting unit is used for comparing the distance gains and adjusting the sensor to be adjusted and grouped with the largest distance gain to the corresponding expected grouping.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the access module 304 includes: the device comprises a detection unit, a first sending unit, an analysis unit, a search unit and an access unit.
The detection unit is used for detecting whether the time slots of the wireless sensor network are synchronous or not;
the first sending unit is used for sending a preset time slot allocation table to the wireless sensor network when a synchronous completion instruction is detected;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the access identification contained in the current time slot in the wireless sensor network;
the searching unit is used for searching whether a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier exists in a preset time slot distribution table or not;
and the access unit is used for accessing the sensors in the target dynamic sensor group into the wireless sensor network when the sensors exist.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the access module 304 further includes: and a second transmitting unit.
The second sending unit is used for sending the data in a competitive mode when detecting that any second sensor in the target dynamic sensor group has a data sending request.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the access module further includes: a judging unit and a determining unit.
The judging unit is used for judging whether the wireless sensor network sends a response instruction or not when receiving an access ending instruction sent by a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group;
and the determining unit is used for clearing the buffer zone in the sensor in the target dynamic sensor group. It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functions of the units may be implemented in the same software and/or hardware or in a plurality of software and/or hardware when implementing the invention.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of software products, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
The packet access method and system for a wireless sensor network provided by the present invention are introduced in detail, and a specific example is applied in the present document to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A packet access method of a wireless sensor network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring position information of each sensor in a wireless sensor network;
dividing the sensors in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, wherein the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group;
calculating the benefit of each sensor, subdividing the groups of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the benefit of each sensor, and increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group to obtain at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, wherein the benefit comprises self capacity benefit, expected capacity benefit and distance benefit;
accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network, wherein each group is accessed in a time division mode, and the intra-group access adopts a competition mode based on ALOHA;
the method for calculating the self capacity gain comprises the following steps: definition of rmaxIndicating the farthest communication distance of the sensor node, dijRepresenting sensor node i to the sensor node closest to the hexagonal centroidDistance of j, xijIndicating whether the sensor node i belongs to the group j or not, if so, xijAnd 1, or else 0, assuming that the total number of terminals in the network is N, dividing the network into m groups in total, and defining the self capacity gain U when the sensor node i joins the group jc_ij：
Wherein Q is a normal number and Q > > N/m;
wherein the expected capacity gain is the maximum value of the self capacity gain;
the distance gain calculation method comprises the following steps:
dijrepresents the distance from sensor node i to sensor node j closest to the hexagonal centroid, where Q is a normal number and Q is>>N/m, distance yield:
Ud_ij＝Q-dij。
2. the method of claim 1, wherein said calculating the yield of each sensor, and said repartitioning the groups of sensors in each of the initial sensor groups according to the yield of each sensor, and increasing or decreasing the number of sensors in a group comprises:
calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
each sensor receives the number of sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group, calculates expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added, and compares the maximum value in each expected capacity gain with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
if the maximum value in each expected capacity gain is larger than the current capacity gain of the sensor, determining the sensor to be a sensor to be grouped, and taking the group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity gain as an expected group;
selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted, and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from each sensor to be adjusted to each central sensor of the expected group;
and comparing the distance gains, and adjusting the sensor of the group to be adjusted with the maximum distance gain to the corresponding expected group.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein accessing the sensors in each of the dynamic sensor groups into the wireless sensor network comprises:
detecting whether the time slots of the wireless sensor network are synchronous or not;
when a synchronous completion instruction is detected, sending a preset time slot allocation table to the wireless sensor network;
analyzing an access identifier contained in the current time slot in the wireless sensor network;
searching whether a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier exists in the preset time slot allocation table or not;
and when the target dynamic sensor group exists, accessing the sensors in the target dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
and when detecting that any second sensor in the target dynamic sensor group has a data sending request, sending the data in a competitive mode.
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
when receiving an access ending instruction sent by a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group, judging whether the wireless sensor network sends a response instruction;
if so, clearing a buffer zone in a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group, and if not, entering a low power consumption mode by the target dynamic sensor group.
6. A packet access system for a wireless sensor network, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of each sensor in the wireless sensor network;
the initial grouping and dividing module is used for dividing the sensors in the same area into an initial sensor group according to the position information to obtain at least two initial sensor groups, and the central sensor of each initial sensor group broadcasts the number of the sensors in the group;
the dynamic grouping and dividing module is used for calculating the income of each sensor, subdividing the grouping of the sensors in each initial sensor group according to the income of each sensor, increasing or decreasing the number of the sensors in the group to obtain at least two dynamic sensor groups with balanced load, wherein the income comprises self capacity income, expected capacity income and distance income;
the access module is used for accessing the sensors in each dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network, wherein each group is accessed in a time division mode, and the access in the group adopts a competition mode based on ALOHA;
the method for calculating the self capacity gain comprises the following steps: definition of rmaxIndicating the farthest communication distance of the sensor node, dijRepresents the distance, x, from sensor node i to sensor node j closest to the hexagonal centroidijIndicating whether the sensor node i belongs to the group j or not, if so, xijAnd 1, or else 0, assuming that the total number of terminals in the network is N, dividing the network into m groups in total, and defining the self capacity gain U when the sensor node i joins the group jc_ij：
Wherein Q is a normal number and Q > > N/m;
wherein the expected capacity gain is the maximum value of the self capacity gain;
the distance gain calculation method comprises the following steps:
dijrepresents the distance from sensor node i to sensor node j closest to the hexagonal centroid, where Q is a normal number and Q is>>N/m, distance yield:
Ud_ij＝Q-dij。
7. the system of claim 6, wherein the dynamic packet partitioning module comprises:
the first calculating unit is used for calculating the self capacity gain of each sensor;
the comparison unit is used for receiving the number of the sensors broadcasted by the central sensor of each initial sensor group by each sensor, calculating expected capacity gains obtained after each initial sensor group is added, and comparing the maximum value in each expected capacity gain with the current capacity gain of the sensor;
a determining unit, configured to determine that the sensor is a sensor to be grouped for adjustment if a maximum value in each expected capacity profit is greater than the current capacity profit of the sensor, and take a group corresponding to the maximum value in each expected capacity profit as an expected group;
the second calculation unit is used for selecting a preset number of sensors to be adjusted and calculating each distance gain according to the distance from each sensor to be adjusted to each central sensor expected to be grouped;
and the adjusting unit is used for comparing the distance gains and adjusting the sensor of the group to be adjusted with the maximum distance gain to the corresponding expected group.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the access module comprises:
the detection unit is used for detecting whether the time slots of the wireless sensor network are synchronous or not;
the first sending unit is used for sending a preset time slot allocation table to the wireless sensor network when a synchronous completion instruction is detected;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the access identification contained in the current time slot in the wireless sensor network;
the searching unit is used for searching whether a target dynamic sensor group corresponding to the access identifier exists in the preset time slot allocation table or not;
and the access unit is used for accessing the sensors in the target dynamic sensor group to the wireless sensor network when the sensors exist.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
and the second sending unit is used for sending the data in a competitive mode when detecting that any second sensor in the target dynamic sensor group has a data sending request.
10. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
the judging unit is used for judging whether the wireless sensor network sends a response instruction or not when receiving an access ending instruction sent by a sensor in the target dynamic sensor group;
and the determining unit is used for clearing the buffer zone in the sensor in the target dynamic sensor group.
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| CN102333388A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-01-25 | 浙江双友物流器械股份有限公司 | Method and system for grouping wireless sensor networks, as well as sensor and data sink node |
| CN106488393A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 天津大学 | Cluster wireless sensor network election of cluster head model based on evolutionary Game mechanism |
| CN107172693A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-15 | 上海市信息网络有限公司 | Cluster structured radio sensor network and its MAC implementation methods |
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| CN106488393A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 天津大学 | Cluster wireless sensor network election of cluster head model based on evolutionary Game mechanism |
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