CN108551807B

CN108551807B - Seeding machine

Info

Publication number: CN108551807B
Application number: CN201810404300.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻一峰
Original assignee: Chongqing Changshou Fuxi Agricultural Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Rizhao Xinrui Investment Promotion Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-28
Filing date: 2018-04-28
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-28
Also published as: CN108551807A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seeder; the device comprises a frame and a running mechanism, and also comprises an excavating mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a screen and a clustering mechanism, wherein the excavating mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotating shaft, a feeding conveyor belt and an excavating knife, the excavating knife is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a groove is arranged on the excavating knife; the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing cutter, a crushing shaft, a crushing barrel and a crushing motor, the crushing cutter is fixed on the periphery of the crushing shaft, a grinding block is fixed on the crushing shaft, and a large hole and a small hole are formed in the bottom of the crushing barrel; the briquetting mechanism comprises a rotary drum, a cam, a rotary motor, a spray head, a guide groove and a sealing block, wherein the rotary motor drives the rotary drum and the cam to rotate; a support spring is arranged on the frame; the frame is provided with a vibration spring and a backfill slideway. The seeder of the scheme can coat soil outside seeds.

Description

Seeding machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the field of sowing instruments.

Background

With the progress of science and technology, the application of modern machinery in agriculture is increasingly wide, and the seeder is an agricultural machine applied to seed sowing. The conventional sowing machine can only sprinkle seeds on the soil and cover the soil on the seeds, or implant young seedlings into the soil. In order to increase the fertility and moisture around the corn seeds and promote the germination of the seeds, the corn seeds can be coated in soil for germination, the seeds are coated in the soil, the optimum germination temperature of the corn seeds is 10-12 ℃, but the soil coated outside the seeds can play a certain heat preservation role, the corn seeds can quickly germinate when the external temperature is slightly lower than 10-12 ℃, the rotten seeds of the corn seeds in a low-temperature state are avoided, the germination rate and the germination speed of the corn seeds are improved, and the traditional seeder is difficult to sow the corn seeds in a mode that the soil is coated outside the corn seeds.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seeder for coating soil outside seeds.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a seeder comprises a frame, a running mechanism for driving the frame to move, an excavating mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a screen and a clustering mechanism, wherein the excavating mechanism is arranged from top to bottom and comprises a driving motor, a rotating shaft, a feeding conveyor belt and an excavating knife; the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing cutter, a crushing shaft, a crushing barrel and a crushing motor, wherein the crushing barrel and the crushing motor are all fixed on the frame, the crushing shaft is arranged along the vertical direction, the crushing motor can drive the crushing shaft to rotate, the crushing cutter is positioned in the crushing barrel and fixed on the periphery of the crushing shaft, the other end of the feeding conveyor belt is positioned above the crushing barrel, a grinding block is fixed on the lower part of the crushing shaft, a plurality of large holes and small holes are formed in the bottom of the crushing barrel, and the small holes are positioned below the grinding block; the briquetting mechanism comprises a rotary drum, a cam, a rotary motor, a spray head, a guide groove and a sealing block, wherein the rotary motor, the spray head, the guide groove and the sealing block are all fixed on a frame, the rotary motor drives the rotary drum and the cam to rotate, the rotary drum can slide up and down along the frame, a discharge hole and a discharge hole cover are arranged at the lower part of the rotary drum, the frame is fixedly provided with the sealing block which can enable the discharge hole cover to seal the discharge hole, and the guide groove is positioned below the rotary; the frame is provided with a supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring is welded on the frame, and the other end of the supporting spring is abutted against the rotary drum; the screen cloth slope sets up, be equipped with the vibrations spring that both ends were fixed respectively on frame and screen cloth on the frame, still be equipped with the backfill slide on the frame, the backfill slide is located the screen cloth below.

The principle of the scheme is as follows:

the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the digging cutter fixed on the rotating shaft rotates along with the rotating shaft, and soil dug by the digging cutter can fall into the groove and fall onto the feeding conveying belt when the digging cutter continues to rotate due to the fact that the groove is formed in the digging cutter.

The crushing motor can drive the crushing shaft to rotate, the crushing cutter and the grinding block which are fixed on the crushing shaft rotate along with the crushing shaft, the crushing cutter can crush soil in the crushing cylinder, and the crushed soil can pass through the large holes and fall on the screen. In crushing process, partial soil can get into the grinding block below, and the grinding block can grind soil, makes its granularity become littleer, and the soil that the granularity is littleer can directly pass the aperture of grinding block below and fall on the screen cloth.

The rotating motor can drive the cam and the rotary drum to rotate during working, the cam rotates to enable the screen to vibrate, and soil with small granularity on the screen can pass through holes in the screen and fall into the rotary drum. The spray head is communicated with an external water pipe and then can spray water into the rotary drum, and soil in the rotary drum has certain viscosity after the humidity of the soil is increased and can be gathered into bulk soil.

The supporting spring can be compressed when the pressure is increased, the rotary drum can slide downwards, the discharge port does not need to be closed by the discharge port cover, and the bulk soil can fall out from the discharge port.

The scheme has the following beneficial effects:

(one) the seed receives the frictional force of rotary drum after falling in the rotary drum to it is the same like rolling the snowball, and soil constantly attaches in the seed periphery, can form the soil of group dress at last, does not need the manual work to wrap the soil outside the seed, reduces peasant's work load.

(II) the digging cutter rotates along with the axis of rotation, can intermittent type nature form the nest that is used for planting the seed on ground, need not use earlier before the seeding to beat the nest device and beat the nest, and soil can fall again to the nest of beating out along backfilling the slide and backfill at last, and whole in-process is beaten nest, is sowed and is backfilled and can go on simultaneously, can effectively accelerate seeding efficiency.

And (III) after the excavated soil enters the crushing barrel, one part of the excavated soil is crushed by the crushing cutter, the other part of the excavated soil is ground into particles with smaller particle size by the grinding block, the particles have certain viscosity after the humidity of the particles is increased, and the particle size is smaller, so that the surface area of the soil is increased, namely the stressed area of the soil with the same quality is increased, the soil can be better attached to the outside of the seeds, and the bulk soil is not easy to loosen. Secondly, the soil falling out of the milling drum can be divided by a screen: the soil with smaller granularity entering the rotary drum and the soil with larger granularity sliding out along the backfilling slide way have different effects, the soil with smaller granularity is coated outside the seeds, and the soil with larger granularity is backfilled to cover the seeds.

(IV) can spray water in the rotary drum after shower nozzle and external water pipe intercommunication, increase the humidity that gets into the soil in the rotary drum, can effectively improve the viscidity of soil, and through the experiment to the inflow of unit interval and the soil volume that gets into in the rotary drum, can guarantee that the hydroenergy that gets into in the rotary drum can let the viscidity of soil the biggest to avoid the bulk soil of formation to loosen.

And (V) the small holes are positioned below the grinding blocks, the soil ground by the grinding blocks can directly fall out of the small holes, and the problem that the soil ground by the grinding blocks cannot fall out of the grinding cylinder can be avoided. Secondly, the aperture of the small hole is smaller than that of the large hole, so that the soil entering the lower part of the grinding block can be prevented from directly falling out of the grinding cylinder, and the soil can be guaranteed to be ground.

Preferably, scheme one, as the further improvement to basic scheme, be fixed with seed storage box on the frame, be equipped with on the seed storage box and make the seed fall into the seed outlet of rotary drum in, the seed outlet can be sealed by the rotary drum when the rotary drum upwards moves. When the rotary drum slides downwards, the seed outlet and the discharge port are both opened, and the agglomerated soil can fall out from the discharge port; at this moment, seeds in the seed storage box can automatically fall into the rotary drum, and after the soil in the rotary drum falls out, the rotary drum slides upwards under the action of the supporting spring, the seed outlet can be closed again, and therefore the quantity of the seeds falling into the rotary drum can be controlled.

In a second preferred embodiment, as a further improvement to the first preferred embodiment, an L-shaped baffle is connected outside the seed outlet in a sliding manner, and the baffle is rotatably connected with the rotary drum. When the rotary drum rotates, the baffle rotates for the rotary drum, so the baffle can be located outside the seed outlet all the time, can avoid the seed outlet to reveal because of not totally closing the seed in making the seed storage case.

Preferably, as a further improvement to the basic solution, the grinding block is fixed with a heating element. The heating member can heat soil, makes soil temperature rise to make the pest ovum death in the soil, avoid the ovum hatching to take place the insect pest. Secondly, after the temperature of the soil rises, water in the soil evaporates, the humidity of the soil is reduced, and the soil is ground into particles with smaller particle size by the grinding blocks more easily.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the grinding block is spiral as a further improvement of the preferred embodiment. Grind the piece bottom, the distance of partly and crushing barrel head portion is great, and the distance of partly and crushing barrel head portion is less, and soil can be followed from the great department of distance and get into the less department of distance gradually, then is ground gradually.

And in the preferable scheme five, as a further improvement to the preferable scheme two or four, the other end of the backfill slideway is positioned at the rear end of the frame. The backfilled soil does not cause obstruction to the bulk soil coated with the seeds.

Preferably, the sixth scheme is a further improvement of the fifth scheme, a discharging spring is arranged outside the rotary drum, and two ends of the discharging spring are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the rotary drum and the discharge port cover. After the rotary drum slides downwards, the discharging spring can pop the discharging opening cover out, so that the bulk soil can fall out from the discharging opening.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a seeding machine according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

the reference signs are: the device comprises a frame 1, traveling wheels 11, a rotating shaft 2, an earth-digging knife 21, a feeding conveyor belt 22, a crushing barrel 3, a crushing motor 31, a crushing knife 32, a grinding block 33, a heating element 34, a small hole 35, a large hole 36, a rotating drum 4, a guide groove 41, a rotating motor 42, a spray head 43, a discharge port cover 44, a sealing block 45, an outer gear ring 46, a supporting spring 47, a screen 5, a backfill slide way 51, a vibration spring 52, a seed storage box 6 and a baffle plate 61.

A seeding machine, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a frame 1, a running mechanism for driving the frame 1 to move, an excavating mechanism for digging a pit, a crushing mechanism for crushing soil, a screen 5 for screening the soil and a conglomeration mechanism for conglomerating the soil. The driving mechanism comprises a running motor and four running wheels 11, the running motor is fixed on the frame 1, the running wheels 11 are rotatably connected with the frame 1, and the running motor drives the running wheels 11 to rotate.

The excavation mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotating shaft 2, a feeding conveying belt 22 and two excavation knives 21, the left end of the frame 1 is the front end of the frame 1, the rotating shaft 2 is located at the left end of the frame 1 and is rotationally connected with the frame 1, the driving motor is fixed on the frame 1, an output shaft of the driving motor is welded with the rotating shaft 2, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft 2 to rotate. The digging knives 21 are welded on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 2, the included angle between the two digging knives 21 is 180 degrees, the digging knives 21 are arc-shaped, a groove is formed in the middle of the digging knives 21, and when the digging knives 21 rotate clockwise, soil falls into the groove after being dug out.

The left end of the feeding conveyor belt 22 is positioned on the right side of the earth digging knife 21, the left end of the feeding conveyor belt 22 is positioned on the lower side of the earth digging knife 21, and the right end of the feeding conveyor belt 22 is positioned above the crushing barrel 3, so that soil in the groove can fall onto the feeding conveyor belt 22. The output shaft of the driving motor is welded with a driving gear, a belt wheel of the feeding conveyor belt 22 is coaxially provided with a rotating gear which can be meshed with the driving gear, and the driving motor drives the feeding conveyor belt 22 to move, so that soil moves into the crushing barrel 3 from one side close to the soil digging knife 21.

As shown in fig. 2, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing shaft, a crushing barrel 3, a crushing motor 31 and two crushing blades 32, the crushing barrel 3 is welded on the frame 1, the crushing motor 31 is fixed on the frame 1, the crushing shaft is arranged along the vertical direction, the output shaft of the crushing motor 31 is welded with the upper end of the crushing shaft, and the crushing motor 31 can drive the crushing shaft to rotate. The lower end of the crushing shaft is positioned at the lower part of the crushing barrel 3, the crushing knife 32 is welded at the lower part of the crushing shaft, and the crushing knife 32 can crush the soil positioned in the crushing barrel 3.

The lower end of the crushing shaft is welded with a grinding block 33, the bottom of the grinding block 33 is spiral, and the grinding block 33 can grind soil. The grinding block 33 is embedded with a heating element 34, the heating element 34 in this embodiment is a heating resistor, and the heating block can heat the soil. The bottom of the crushing cylinder 3 is provided with a plurality of big holes 36 and small holes 35, the small holes 35 are positioned below the grinding block 33, and the big holes 36 are distributed on the periphery of the small holes 35.

The agglomeration mechanism comprises a rotary drum 4, a cam, a rotary motor 42, a spray head 43, a guide groove 41 and a sealing block 45, wherein the rotary motor 42 is welded on the frame 1, an outer gear ring 46 is welded on the outer wall of the rotary drum 4, an agglomeration gear which can be meshed with the outer gear ring 46 is welded on an output shaft of the rotary motor 42, and the rotary motor 42 drives the rotary drum 4 to rotate. Four supporting springs 47 are arranged on the frame 1, the four supporting springs 47 are uniformly distributed below the rotary drum 4, the lower end of each supporting spring 47 is welded on the frame 1, the upper end of each supporting spring is abutted against the bottom of the rotary drum 4, and the supporting springs 47 can reset the rotary drum 4 after the rotary drum 4 slides downwards. The spray head 43 is located above the rotating drum 4, and the spray head 43 can be communicated with an external water pipe to spray water into the rotating drum 4.

The 4 lateral walls of rotary drum are equipped with discharge gate and ejection of compact flap 44, and earth in the rotary drum 4 can be followed the discharge gate and fallen out, and ejection of compact flap 44 can seal the discharge gate, and rotary drum 4 still is equipped with two discharging spring outward, and the welding of discharging spring one end is on the 4 outer walls of rotary drum, and the other end welding is on ejection of compact flap 44, and discharging spring can make ejection of compact flap 44 open the discharge gate. The bottom of the rotary drum 4 is an inclined plane with the center higher than the periphery, so the corn seeds can roll along the inner wall of the rotary drum 4.

The sealing block 45 is cylindrical, the sealing block 45 is positioned on the periphery of the rotary drum 4, and the sealing block 45 can press the discharge port cover 44 into the discharge port, so that the discharge port cover 44 seals the discharge port. The inner wall of the closing block 45 is in the shape of a horn with a diameter larger than the upper part, so that the discharge port cover 44 can be gradually pressed into the discharge port when the rotary drum 4 moves upwards.

A seed storage box 6 is also fixed on the frame 1, a seed inlet is arranged at the top of the seed storage box 6, and seeds can be added into the seed storage box 6 from the seed inlet; the lower part of the seed storage box 6 is provided with a seed outlet and an L-shaped baffle 61, and seeds can fall into the rotary drum 4 from the seed outlet. Baffle 61 is located out of the seed outlet, is equipped with the spout along the horizontal direction on the rotary drum 4, and the horizontal segment of baffle 61 can slide along the spout.

The guide groove 41 is located below the rotary drum 4, the guide groove 41 is arranged in a manner of inclining from left to right, and soil can fall into the guide groove 41 after falling out from the discharge port. The screen 5 is located between the rotary drum 4 and the crushing drum 3, the screen 5 is arranged in an inclined mode with the left high and the right low, four vibration springs 52 are arranged on the frame 1, and the upper end and the lower end of each vibration spring 52 are welded to the screen 5 and the frame 1 respectively. The cam is welded on the output shaft of the rotating motor 42, and the diameter of the far hub of the cam is smaller than the distance between the axis of the output shaft of the rotating motor 42 and the screen 5, so the screen 5 can be vibrated by the rotation of the cam.

The frame 1 is also provided with a backfill slide way 51, the left end of the backfill slide way 51 is positioned below the right end of the screen 5, the right end of the backfill slide way 51 is positioned at the right side of the frame 1, and soil can fall to the back of the frame 1 along the backfill slide way 51.

The seeder of the embodiment operates as follows:

before sowing, the corn seeds are put into a seed storage box 6. When sowing, the driving motor, the crushing motor 31 and the rotating motor 42 are turned on, and the driving motor drives the driving wheel 11 to rotate, so that the sowing machine drives leftwards. The driving motor drives the rotating shaft 2 and the feeding conveyor belt 22 to rotate, the digging knives 21 dig out pits for planting at intervals on the ground, and the dug soil is thrown onto the feeding conveyor belt 22 under the action of inertia and is conveyed into the crushing barrel 3 by the feeding conveyor belt 22.

The crushing motor 31 drives the crushing shaft to rotate, the crushing cutter 32 rotates along with the crushing shaft to crush the fallen soil, part of the soil falls onto the screen 5 from the large hole 36, and the other part of the soil enters between the grinding block 33 and the crushing barrel 3, is ground into particles with smaller particle size by the grinding block 33, and then falls onto the screen 5 from the small hole 35. Meanwhile, the heating element 34 is turned on, the heating element 34 heats the soil, the temperature of the soil rises, pest eggs are killed, moisture in the soil is evaporated, and the soil is ground by the grinding block 33 more easily.

The rotating motor 42 drives the rotating drum 4 and the cam to rotate, the cam enables the screen 5 to vibrate, soil with small granularity passes through meshes on the screen 5 and falls into the rotating drum 4, three corn seeds are put into the rotating drum 4 when the soil initially falls into the soil, the spray head 43 is communicated with an external water pipe, and water is sprayed into the rotating drum 4 from the spray head 43 to moisten the soil and increase the viscosity of the soil. When the rotary drum 4 rotates, the seeds roll relative to the rotary drum 4, and the moist soil such as snowballs is gradually attached to the periphery of the seeds to form bulk soil.

Soil and water that fall into in the rotary drum 4 increase, and the pressure that supporting spring 47 received increases, and supporting spring 47 is compressed, and rotary drum 4 slides downwards, and the discharge gate moves to the closure block 45 below, and discharge gate lid 44 opens the discharge gate under discharging spring's effect, and the soil of bulk falls to the guide way 41 in from the discharge gate to slide to the nest along guide way 41. The drum 4 slides upwards under the action of the supporting spring 47, and the discharge port cover 44 recloses the discharge port under the action of the closing block 45. The soil with larger granularity on the screen 5 is backfilled at the right end of the slideway frame 1 of the slideway 51 along the screen 5 and falls onto the bulk soil coated with the seeds from the right end of the frame 1.

The baffle 61 slides downwards while the rotary drum 4 slides downwards, the seed outlet is opened by the baffle 61, and seeds in the seed storage box 6 fall into the rotary drum 4 from the seed outlet without manual work. After the seeding is finished, the driving motor, the crushing motor 31 and the rotating motor 42 are closed, and the water pipe is disconnected with the spray head 43.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. A seeder comprises a frame and a running mechanism for driving the frame to move, and is characterized by further comprising an excavating mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a screen and a clustering mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism, the screen and the clustering mechanism are arranged from top to bottom; the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing cutter, a crushing shaft, a crushing barrel and a crushing motor, wherein the crushing barrel and the crushing motor are all fixed on the frame, the crushing shaft is arranged along the vertical direction, the crushing motor can drive the crushing shaft to rotate, the crushing cutter is positioned in the crushing barrel and fixed on the periphery of the crushing shaft, the other end of the feeding conveyor belt is positioned above the crushing barrel, a grinding block is fixed on the lower part of the crushing shaft, a plurality of large holes and small holes are formed in the bottom of the crushing barrel, and the small holes are positioned below the grinding block; the briquetting mechanism comprises a rotary drum, a cam, a rotary motor, a spray head, a guide groove and a sealing block, wherein the rotary motor, the spray head, the guide groove and the sealing block are all fixed on a frame, the rotary motor drives the rotary drum and the cam to rotate, the rotary drum can slide up and down along the frame, a discharge hole and a discharge hole cover are arranged at the lower part of the rotary drum, the frame is fixedly provided with the sealing block which can enable the discharge hole cover to seal the discharge hole, and the guide groove is positioned below the rotary; the frame is provided with a supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring is welded on the frame, and the other end of the supporting spring is abutted against the rotary drum; the screen cloth slope sets up, be equipped with the vibrations spring that both ends were fixed respectively on frame and screen cloth on the frame, still be equipped with the backfill slide on the frame, the backfill slide is located the screen cloth below.

2. The seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein a seed storage box is fixed on the carriage, a seed outlet port for seeds to fall into the rotary drum is arranged on the seed storage box, and the seed outlet port can be closed by the rotary drum when the rotary drum moves upwards.

3. The seed planter as claimed in claim 2, wherein an L-shaped baffle is slidably connected to the exterior of the seed outlet, said baffle being rotatably connected to the drum.

4. The seed planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heating element is secured to said grinding block.

5. The seed planter as claimed in claim 4, wherein said abrasive block bottom surface is helical.

6. The seed planter as claimed in claim 3 or 5, wherein the backfill slide is located at a rear end of the carriage at the other end.

7. The seed planter as claimed in claim 6, wherein a discharge spring is disposed outside the rotary drum, and both ends of the discharge spring are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the rotary drum and the discharge cover.