CN108549160A - A kind of device and method of continuous adjustment laser filament length - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of continuous adjustment laser filament length Download PDFInfo
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- CN108549160A CN108549160A CN201810362611.9A CN201810362611A CN108549160A CN 108549160 A CN108549160 A CN 108549160A CN 201810362611 A CN201810362611 A CN 201810362611A CN 108549160 A CN108549160 A CN 108549160A
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- transparent medium
- chevilled silk
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/40—Optical focusing aids
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and methods of continuous adjustment laser filament length, including femtosecond laser source, the first condenser lens and transparent medium, transparent medium is set between femtosecond laser source and the first condenser lens, the axis of transparent medium is parallel to the light path of the femtosecond laser of femtosecond laser source transmitting, and transparent medium is Chong Die with light path.The present invention is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in the light path before femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk, so that transparent medium is Chong Die with light path, by adjusting the thickness of the section lap vertical height or change transparent medium of transparent medium and light path, continuous adjustment focuses the chevilled silk length formed so that chevilled silk length reaches requirement chevilled silk length.The present invention can continuously adjust laser filament length, and easy to operate, significant effect, accuracy are higher, and the certain portion of energy of device will not be made to greatly improve in application process, have higher safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the devices and side of ultra-intense laser physical field more particularly to a kind of continuous adjustment laser filament length
Method.
Background technology
With the continuous development of laser technology, application of the ultra-intense laser in real life production is also more and more extensive.It is super
Light laser is generally in atmospheric environment, therefore is inevitable with the interaction of air.Femtosecond laser swashs as superpower
One kind of light will produce a series of linear and nonlinear effect when propagating in an atmosphere, wherein most important on being influenced at silk
It is Ke Er self-focusings and the dynamic equilibrium that plasma defocuses.These types of effect makes femtosecond laser gather unlike common laser passes through
Burnt transparent post-concentration coke becomes a luminous plasmon body channel at a point.
Due to characteristics such as the conduction of plasma and transmitting fluorescence spectrums so that laser filament has in scientific research and industrially
Wide application prospect and important practical value.The typical case of laser filament includes that atmospheric remote sensing, laser induced lightning, laser lure
Guide-lighting spectroscopy, higher hamonic wave generate, chirped pulse generates, Asia-Pacific Hertzion radiation generates, on various space flight devices, biomimetic material
Prepare micron order deep hole.
Currently, it is to increase the energy of femto-second laser pulse, but this way can only make light to extend the simplest method of chevilled silk
Silk less extends；Increase a conical convergent annular Gaussian beam around chevilled silk, chevilled silk can be made to extend an order,
But this method needs to consume the energy for being equivalent to 5 times of former chevilled silk；Using spatial light modulator generate it is multifocal can be with away from light beam
Chevilled silk is extended about 1 quilt, but this method needs to utilize spatial light modulator, method more complicated.
In addition, in order to ensure that application effect, certain applications are higher to the length requirement of chevilled silk, need continuously to adjust chevilled silk
Length reaches the length for extending or shortening chevilled silk in the application, for example laser induced lightning needs the length of chevilled silk longer, reaches preferable
Draw thunder effect；And laser fluorescence spectrum then needs to shorten the length of chevilled silk so that the energy of fluorescence spectrum is concentrated, signal compared with
By force；When for example preparing space precision material again, the chevilled silk using different length is then needed for the hole of different-diameter.Therefore, single
One, which extends or shorten chevilled silk, is needing the technology occasion of continuous adjustment chevilled silk length cannot to be applicable in, be easy so that it is cumbersome,
Accuracy is not high.
Invention content
Adjustment chevilled silk length can only be fixed by single extension or shortening chevilled silk to solve current technology, and cannot answered
The problem of chevilled silk length, the i.e. continuous chevilled silk length extended or shorten is continuously adjusted in, on the one hand, the present invention provides one kind
The device of continuous adjustment laser filament length, including femtosecond laser source, the first condenser lens and transparent medium, transparent medium are set to
Between femtosecond laser source and the first condenser lens, the axis of transparent medium is parallel to the light of the femtosecond laser of femtosecond laser source transmitting
Road, transparent medium are Chong Die with light path.
Preferably, the device of this continuous adjustment laser filament length further includes the second condenser lens and chevilled silk linear measure longimetry
Instrument, the second condenser lens be set to femtosecond laser pass through the first condenser lens after formed chevilled silk and chevilled silk length measuring instrument it
Between, the axis of the second condenser lens and the axis of chevilled silk are vertical.
Preferably, the device of this continuous adjustment laser filament length further includes microprocessor, microprocessor and chevilled silk
Length measuring instrument is electrically connected.
Preferably, the material of transparent medium includes quartz, glass or plastics.
Preferably, the thickness of transparent medium is 0.5-3mm.
Preferably, the centre wavelength of the femtosecond laser of femtosecond laser source transmitting is 700-900nm, single pulse energy 3-
4mJ, repetition rate 800-1200Hz.
Preferably, chevilled silk length measuring instrument includes Instantaneous Spectrometer or enhanced image sensor.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of methods of continuous adjustment laser filament length, including：S1, by femtosecond
Laser is focused into chevilled silk；S2, it is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in the light path before femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk so that transparent Jie
Matter is Chong Die with light path.
Preferably, further include after step S2：S3, chevilled silk length is measured and compared with requiring chevilled silk length；If S4, chevilled silk
Length is consistent with chevilled silk length is required, then stops adjusting；If chevilled silk length with require chevilled silk length inconsistent, adjust transparent Jie
The thickness of matter and the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path or change transparent medium, up to chevilled silk length and requires chevilled silk length one
It causes.
Preferably, it in step S4, adjusts the vertical height in transparent medium section Chong Die with light path or changes transparent medium
Thickness, including：The vertical height in thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path of S41, drafting transparent medium and chevilled silk length
Function relation figure；S42, the thickness for determining transparent medium adjust transparent medium section Chong Die with light path according to function relation figure
Vertical height keeps chevilled silk length consistent with chevilled silk length is required.
The present invention provides a kind of methods of continuous adjustment laser filament length, by passing through first to focus femtosecond laser
It is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in light path before lens focus so that transparent medium is Chong Die with light path；Use up a length measuring instrument
It measures after femtosecond laser passes through the first condenser lens and focuses the chevilled silk length formed, if with requiring chevilled silk length inconsistent,
It adjusts the vertical height in transparent medium section Chong Die with light path of the femtosecond laser before the first condenser lens or changes transparent
The thickness of medium so that the chevilled silk length for focusing formation is consistent with chevilled silk length is required.
The present invention is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in the light path before femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk so that transparent medium with
Light path is overlapped, continuous to adjust by adjusting the vertical height in transparent medium section Chong Die with light path or the thickness of change transparent medium
It is whole to focus the chevilled silk length formed so that chevilled silk length reaches requirement chevilled silk length.It is long that the present invention can continuously adjust laser filament
Degree, easy to operate, significant effect, accuracy are higher, and the certain portion of energy of device will not be made to greatly improve in application process,
With higher safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device according to a kind of continuous adjustment laser filament length of a preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram according to a kind of continuous adjustment laser filament length of a preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path according to the transparent medium of a preferred embodiment of the invention
Vertical height and chevilled silk length function relation figure；
Fig. 4 is thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path according to the transparent medium of a preferred embodiment of the invention
Vertical height and chevilled silk length function relation figure；
Wherein：
1. 2. transparent medium of femto-second laser, 3. first condenser lens
4. 5. second condenser lens of chevilled silk, 6. chevilled silk length measuring instrument
7. 8. baffle of microprocessor.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of continuous schematic device for adjusting laser filament length according to a preferred embodiment of the invention,
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length, including femto-second laser 1, first focuses
Lens 3 and transparent medium 2, transparent medium 2 are set between femto-second laser 1 and the first condenser lens 3, the axis of transparent medium 2
It is parallel to the light path of the femtosecond laser of the transmitting of femto-second laser 1, transparent medium 2 is Chong Die with light path.
Specifically, the transmitting of femto-second laser 1 femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk 4 across the first condenser lens 3, in femtosecond laser
Transparent medium 2 is inserted perpendicularly into light path before reaching the first condenser lens 3, i.e. the axis of transparent medium 2 is arrived with femtosecond laser
Light path before up to the first condenser lens 3 is parallel so that transparent medium 2 is Chong Die with light path part or whole.Wherein, transparent medium
2 vertical optical paths can prevent transparent medium 2 from scattering, and be damaged to operating personnel.
The moving focal point model that femto-second laser pulse is propagated in air is thought, in the case where becoming amplitude approximation slowly, laser pulse
Multilayer can be divided into time.In the present embodiment, femto-second laser pulse is Gaussian Profile in time, and different location is corresponding
Layering power make it is different, in the time scale of femtosecond, be no more than self-focusing critical power layering focal position almost
In same point；And be no longer same point more than the focal position of the layering of self-focusing critical power, it can be generated along with self-focusing
One plasma channel forms a sequence, i.e. chevilled silk 4 that is, since different power corresponds to different focal positions.
4 energy density of chevilled silk becomes smaller, then can cause to become remote；4 energy of chevilled silk becomes smaller, then can cause to shorten.Transparent medium 2
Divide or all block light path, main laser part will not be known as by the part that transparent medium 2 blocks in light path, it will be transparent in light path
The part that medium 2 blocks is known as time laser part.Main laser by transparent medium 2 partially due to do not blocked, therefore energy density is not
Become, but since area becomes smaller, therefore energy becomes smaller, and the focal position of main laser part is caused to become close；And secondary laser part is due to light
Road is blocked by transparent medium 2, therefore energy density becomes smaller, and the focal position of time laser part is caused to become remote.Main laser part and
After the focusing synthesis of secondary laser part, finally formed chevilled silk 4 is formed.
The present embodiment in the light path before the femtosecond laser that femto-second laser 1 emits to the first condenser lens 3 by hanging down
Straight cutting enters transparent medium 2 so that and part or all of light path is blocked by transparent medium 2, changes the Energy distribution of femtosecond laser, from
And femtosecond laser is modulated, the length of chevilled silk 4 after being focused with change, until reaching 4 length of chevilled silk of requirement.The present embodiment
Easy to operate, significant effect has wider application scenarios.
Further, baffle 8 is arranged in the method for chevilled silk 4 being formed after femtosecond laser passes through the first condenser lens 3, for hiding
Femtosecond laser is kept off, ensures the safety of operating personnel.
Device based on above-described embodiment, this continuous adjustment laser filament length further includes the second condenser lens 5 and chevilled silk
Length measuring instrument 6, the second condenser lens 5 are set to femtosecond laser and pass through the chevilled silk 4 formed after the first condenser lens 3 and chevilled silk long
It spends between measuring instrument 6, the axis of the second condenser lens 5 and the axis of chevilled silk 4 are vertical.
Specifically, so that the chevilled silk 4 after the first condenser lens 3 is imaged on the second condenser lens 5, then utilize light
It learns length measuring instrument and measures 4 length of chevilled silk on the second condenser lens 5.
Further, chevilled silk length measuring instrument 6 includes Instantaneous Spectrometer or enhanced image sensor, for measuring chevilled silk
4 length.
Device based on above-described embodiment, this continuous adjustment laser filament length further includes microprocessor 7, miniature processing
Device 7 and chevilled silk length measuring instrument 6 are electrically connected.
Specifically, microprocessor 7 and chevilled silk length measuring instrument 6 are electrically connected, it is long to analyze chevilled silk by microprocessor 7
4 length of chevilled silk that measuring instrument 6 acquires is spent, and determines the vertical height in adjustment transparent medium 2 section Chong Die with light path or changes saturating
The concrete mode of the thickness of bright medium 2.
Further, the material of transparent medium 2 includes quartz, glass or plastics, can be according to requiring 4 length-flexible of chevilled silk to select
It takes.
Further, the thickness of transparent medium 2 be 0.5-3mm, can according to require 4 length-flexible of chevilled silk choose.
Further, the centre wavelength for the femtosecond laser that femto-second laser 1 emits is 700-900nm, and single pulse energy is
3-4mJ, repetition rate 800-1200Hz.
Fig. 2 is a kind of continuous method flow diagram for adjusting laser filament length according to a preferred embodiment of the invention,
As shown in Fig. 2, on the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of methods of continuous adjustment laser filament length, including：S1, will fly
Second laser is focused into chevilled silk 4；S2, transparent medium 2 is inserted perpendicularly into the light path before femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk 4 so that
Transparent medium 2 is Chong Die with light path.
Specifically, the present embodiment vertical optical path in the light path before femtosecond laser focusing is inserted into transparent medium 2 so that portion
Divide or whole light paths are blocked by transparent medium 2, changes the Energy distribution of femtosecond laser, to be modulated to femtosecond laser, with
Change the length of chevilled silk 4 after focusing.
Based on above-described embodiment, further include after step S2：S3, measure 4 length of chevilled silk and with require 4 length ratio of chevilled silk
Compared with；If S4,4 length of chevilled silk are consistent with 4 length of chevilled silk is required, stop adjusting；If 4 length of chevilled silk and requiring 4 length of chevilled silk not
Unanimously, then it adjusts the vertical height in the section Chong Die with light path of transparent medium 2 or changes the thickness of transparent medium 2, until chevilled silk 4 is grown
It spends consistent with 4 length of chevilled silk is required.
Specifically, if 4 length of chevilled silk that is formed and requiring 4 length of chevilled silk inconsistent after focusing, adjust transparent medium 2 and
Light path is overlapped the vertical height in section or changes the thickness of transparent medium 2, until 4 length of chevilled silk and require length consistent, stopping
Adjustment.
Based on above-described embodiment, in step S4, the vertical height in adjustment transparent medium section Chong Die with light path or change are thoroughly
The thickness of bright medium, including：The vertical height and light in thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path of S41, drafting transparent medium
The function relation figure of filament length degree；S42, the thickness for determining transparent medium, according to function relation figure, adjustment transparent medium and light path weight
The vertical height in folded section, keeps chevilled silk length consistent with chevilled silk length is required.
Specifically, the vertical height and chevilled silk length in the thickness of transparent medium, transparent medium section Chong Die with light path are mutual
Between existence function relationship, according to experiment draw three between function relation figure；When one timing of thickness of transparent medium, adjustment
The vertical height in transparent medium section Chong Die with light path, so as to adjust chevilled silk length so that chevilled silk length with require chevilled silk long
Degree is consistent.
Based on above-described embodiment, two complete embodiments are given below, illustrate step S4.
Fig. 3 is thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path according to the transparent medium of a preferred embodiment of the invention
Vertical height and chevilled silk length function relation figure, curve as shown in Figure 3 is transparent Jie for the transparent medium that thickness is 1mm
The function relation figure of the vertical height and chevilled silk length in matter section Chong Die with light path.
For the transparent medium that thickness is 1mm, transparent medium and the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path for 6mm when, light
Filament length degree reaches maximum extension.When transparent medium is within 2.5mm with the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path, main laser
Partially due to area reduces less, energy variation is little, is basically unchanged at filament length degree, and secondary laser part is since area is smaller,
Energy is weaker, and the chevilled silk for having certain change remote at silk position, therefore being collectively formed has certain extension；When transparent medium and light path
The vertical height in overlapping section when being 2.5-3.5mm, partially due to area reduces increases, energy is substantially reduced main laser, at
Silk obviously shortens, and secondary laser part becomes remote light that is few, therefore being collectively formed since area is big not enough at silk position
Silk shortens；When transparent medium is 3.5-6mm with the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path, main laser is partially due to area reduces
More, energy is greatly reduced, and is become shorter at filament length degree, and secondary laser part is more since area increases, at silk position
Big amplitude variation is remote, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed is elongated；When transparent medium is more than 6mm with the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path
When, partially due to area further decreases, energy further lowers main laser, further shortens at filament length degree, secondary laser part
Since area further increases, energy further increases, and becomes remote at silk position, but is not enough to offset main laser part chevilled silk
Reduction, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed shortens.
Fig. 4 is thickness, the transparent medium section Chong Die with light path according to the transparent medium of a preferred embodiment of the invention
Vertical height and chevilled silk length function relation figure, curve as shown in Figure 4 is transparent Jie for the transparent medium that thickness is 2mm
The function relation figure of the vertical height and chevilled silk length in matter section Chong Die with light path.
For the transparent medium that thickness is 2mm, transparent medium and the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path for 8mm when, light
Filament length degree reaches maximum extension.When transparent medium is within 1.6mm with the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path, main laser
Part and time laser part are since area change is little, and energy variation is little, therefore the chevilled silk length being collectively formed is hardly
Become；When transparent medium and the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path are 1.6-4.0mm, main laser partially due to area reduce compared with
Few, energy variation is little, is basically unchanged at filament length degree, and secondary laser part is since area becomes larger, and energy is weaker, has at silk position
Certain change is remote, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed has certain extension；When the vertical height of transparent medium and the Chong Die section of light path
When degree is 4.0-5.5mm, partially due to area reduces increase, energy is substantially reduced, obviously shortens at filament length degree main laser, and secondary
Laser part becomes remote few since area is big not enough, at silk position, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed shortens；As transparent Jie
When matter and the vertical height in the Chong Die section of light path are 5.5-8mm, partially due to area reduces more, energy substantially drops main laser
It is low, it shortens again at filament length degree, and secondary laser part is more since area increases, it is remote at the big amplitude variation in silk position, it is sufficient to support
Disappear the reduction of main laser chevilled silk, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed is elongated；When the vertical height of transparent medium and the Chong Die section of light path
When degree is more than 8mm, partially due to area further decreases, energy further decreases main laser, further shortens at filament length degree, secondary
Since area further increases, energy further increases laser part, further becomes remote at silk position, but is not enough to offset
The reduction of main laser part chevilled silk, therefore the chevilled silk being collectively formed shortens.
The present invention provides a kind of device and methods of continuous adjustment laser filament length, by being focused into femtosecond laser
It is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in light path before chevilled silk so that transparent medium is Chong Die with light path, by adjusting transparent medium and light
Road is overlapped the vertical height in section or changes the thickness of transparent medium, and continuous adjustment focuses the chevilled silk length formed so that chevilled silk
Length reaches requirement chevilled silk length.The present invention can continuously adjust laser filament length, easy to operate, significant effect, accuracy compared with
Height, and the certain portion of energy of device will not be made to greatly improve in application process, there is higher safety.
Finally, method of the invention is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of it is continuous adjustment laser filament length device, which is characterized in that including femtosecond laser source, the first condenser lens and
Transparent medium, the transparent medium are set between the femtosecond laser source and first condenser lens, the transparent medium
Axis is parallel to the light path of the femtosecond laser of the femtosecond laser source transmitting, and the transparent medium is Chong Die with the light path.
2. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include second
Condenser lens and chevilled silk length measuring instrument, second condenser lens are set to the femtosecond laser and pass through first condenser lens
Between the chevilled silk and the chevilled silk length measuring instrument that are formed later, the axis of the axis and the chevilled silk of second condenser lens
Vertically.
3. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include miniature
Processor, the microprocessor and chevilled silk length measuring instrument electrical connection.
4. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 1, which is characterized in that transparent Jie
The material of matter includes quartz, glass or plastics.
5. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 1, which is characterized in that transparent Jie
The thickness of matter is 0.5-3mm.
6. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the femtosecond swashs
The centre wavelength of the femtosecond laser of light source transmitting is 700-900nm, single pulse energy 3-4mJ, repetition rate 800-
1200Hz。
7. a kind of device of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the chevilled silk is long
It includes Instantaneous Spectrometer or enhanced image sensor to spend measuring instrument.
8. a kind of method of continuous adjustment laser filament length, which is characterized in that including：
S1, femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk；
S2, it is inserted perpendicularly into transparent medium in the light path before the femtosecond laser is focused into chevilled silk so that transparent medium and institute
State light path overlapping.
9. a kind of method of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the step S2
Further include later：
S3, the chevilled silk length is measured and compared with requiring chevilled silk length；
If S4, the chevilled silk length require chevilled silk length consistent with described, stop adjusting；If the chevilled silk length and requiring light
Filament length degree is inconsistent, then adjusts the transparent medium and the light path section lap vertical height or change transparent Jie
The thickness of matter, until the chevilled silk length requires chevilled silk length consistent with described.
10. a kind of method of continuous adjustment laser filament length according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the step
In S4, the adjustment transparent medium and the light path section lap vertical height or the thickness of the change transparent medium
Degree, including：
S41, the thickness for drawing the transparent medium, the transparent medium and the light path section lap vertical height and institute
State the function relation figure of chevilled silk length；
S42, the thickness for determining the transparent medium adjust the transparent medium and the light path according to the function relation figure
Section lap vertical height, make the chevilled silk length require chevilled silk length consistent with described.
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| CN201810362611.9A CN108549160A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | A kind of device and method of continuous adjustment laser filament length |
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| CN201810362611.9A CN108549160A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | A kind of device and method of continuous adjustment laser filament length |
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| CN109693032A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-30 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser cutting method and device |
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Application publication date: 20180918 |