CN108521963B - General accurate model of formula fertilization surveys soil - Google Patents
General accurate model of formula fertilization surveys soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108521963B CN108521963B CN201810468917.2A CN201810468917A CN108521963B CN 108521963 B CN108521963 B CN 108521963B CN 201810468917 A CN201810468917 A CN 201810468917A CN 108521963 B CN108521963 B CN 108521963B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
Abstract
The invention discloses a general accurate model for soil testing formulated fertilization, and belongs to the technical field of soil testing formulated fertilization. The general accurate model calculation formula for soil testing, formulated fertilization is Fs ═ Fp- (Tc-Tp). times.D, and in the formula: fs is the pure nutrient amount of the fertilizing amount required by the crops; fp, the average soil testing value of the area corresponds to the appropriate fertilizing amount; tc is the soil testing value; tp is the average soil testing value of the area; Tc-Tp: the relative content of soil nutrients; d, a unit soil testing value fertilizer difference general coefficient; d ═ Fmax-Fmin ÷ (Tmax-Tmin); in the formula: when Tc is not less than Tp, D1(Fmax-Fp) ÷ (Tmax-Tp); when Tc is<Tp time, D2(Fp-Fmin) ÷ (Tp-Tmin). The model of the invention is refined and accurate, and is particularly suitable for being mastered and popularized in areas with a large amount of soil testing values and field test data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a general accurate model for soil testing formulated fertilization, and belongs to the technical field of soil testing formulated fertilization.
Background
The soil plough layer is an open system, the nutrient change factors are numerous after soil is sampled and measured, the soil measurement value is converted into accurate fertilizing amount, and no good solution is known in the soil and fertilizer field.
In the prior art, a general accurate model calculation formula commonly applied to a soil testing, formulation and fertilization guiding technology is as follows: fs is Fp- (Tc-Tp) multiplied by D, has a certain guiding function on the soil testing formula fertilization technology, but has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low cost
The internal relation between the soil testing value (Tc) and the regional average soil testing value (Tp) is not discussed, and no matter whether the relative content of soil nutrients is positive or negative, the calculation of the D value is carried out according to a single algorithm, so that the calculation result, namely the amount of pure nutrients needed by crops is not accurate enough, the defect of inaccurate calculation parameters exists, the accuracy of the calculation result is influenced, the problem of inaccurate formula generally exists in the fertilization guidance, and the popularization effect of the soil testing formula fertilization technology is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention improves the D value of the model calculation formula, considers the internal relationship between the soil measurement value (Tc) and the area average soil measurement value (Tp), and divides the single D value into threshold values (D) by taking the positive and negative values of the relative content of soil nutrients obtained from (Tc-Tp) as nodes1、D2) And the core parameter D value in the formula is more accurate.
Specifically, the soil testing, formula fertilization and general precision model has the calculation formula of
Fs＝Fp－(Tc－Tp)×D，
In the precision model calculation formula:
fs is the pure nutrient amount of the fertilizing amount required by the crops;
fp, the average soil testing value of the area corresponds to the appropriate fertilizing amount;
tc is the soil testing value;
tp is the average soil testing value of the area;
Tc-Tp: the relative content of soil nutrients;
d, a unit soil testing value fertilizer difference general coefficient;
D＝(Fmax－Fmin)÷(Tmax－Tmin)
in the formula: when Tc is not less than Tp, D1＝(Fmax-Fp)÷(Tmax-Tp)
When Tc is<Tp time, D2＝(Fp-Fmin)÷(Tp-Tmin)
Fmax is the upper limit of the suitable fertilizing amount in the region;
fmin: the lower limit of the appropriate fertilizing amount of the area;
tmax: upper limit of soil measurement value;
tmin: lower limit of soil measurement value.
Further, the geodetic values were obtained by laboratory analysis and testing, and the area mean geodetic value was the arithmetic mean of all 95% confidence intervals of the geodetic values in the area.
Furthermore, the upper limit of the suitable regional fertilizing amount is obtained by verifying field test results and secondary regression simulation for multiple times, and the lower limit of the suitable regional fertilizing amount is obtained by verifying field test results and secondary regression simulation for multiple times.
Further, the upper limit of the soil measurement value is the highest value of the soil measurement value in the test area and corresponds to the lower limit of the fertilizing amount, and the lower limit of the soil measurement value is the lowest value of the soil measurement value in the test area and corresponds to the upper limit of the fertilizing amount.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the general accurate model for soil testing formula fertilization improves the D value of a model calculation formula, discusses the internal relation between the soil testing value (Tc) and the average soil testing value (Tp), takes the positive and negative values of the relative content of soil nutrients obtained by (Tc-Tp) as nodes, and divides the single D value into threshold values (D)1、D2) And the core parameter D value in the formula is more accurate.
The invention really realizes the spanning from 'semi-quantitative' to 'quantitative' of the soil testing formula fertilization, further accurately limits the inaccuracy of the traditional soil testing formula fertilization mathematical model, really stands at the strategic height of 'regional large formula small adjustment', theoretically reveals the internal relation between the soil testing value and the recommended fertilization amount, and realizes the accurate formula fertilization based on the field. D value (D) calculated by region division1、D2) The method has the advantages of being statistical parameters with regional characteristics, clear and understandable in concept, easy to obtain, precise in refining, and particularly suitable for being mastered and popularized in regions with a large number of soil testing values and field test data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a general precision model for soil testing, formulated fertilization, in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the general accurate model for soil testing, formulated fertilization according to the present invention has a calculation formula of the general accurate model: f is Fp- (Tc-Tp) multiplied by D, values of the unit soil testing value fertilizer difference general coefficient D under different relative soil nutrient contents are discussed, values of Tc (a mapping value) and Tp (an area average soil testing value) are taken as boundary points, and Tc is more than or equal to Tp and Tc<Tp, D values have different algorithms, and a division threshold value (D) is proposed for the first time1、D2) Further, the relation between the unit soil testing value and the fertilizing amount is disclosed. The concept of each parameter of the formula and the statistical calculation method thereof are as follows:
fs is the amount of pure nutrients required by the crops (the amount of fertilizer applied in a certain target yield in an area)
Fp, the area average soil testing value corresponds to the appropriate fertilizing amount (obtained by field test and multiple verification under the condition of certain target yield of the area, and corresponds to Tp), and it needs to be pointed out that the determination of the area average soil testing value corresponding to the appropriate fertilizing amount comprehensively considers various nutrients (comprising irrigation, dry and wet settlement, biological nitrogen fixation, organic fertilizer input, biological residues, soil mineralization, leakage, fixation and the like) and considers environmental friendliness, high resource efficiency and coordination of yield and quality.
Tc-soil measurement value (obtained by laboratory analysis and assay, being the only variable for varying the amount of fertilizer applied at a given target yield in the area)
Tp mean geodetic value of the area (arithmetic mean of 95% confidence intervals for all geodetic values in the area)
Tc-Tp is the relative content of soil nutrient
D, the universal coefficient of unit soil testing value and fertilizer difference
D＝(Fmax－Fmin)÷(Tmax－Tmin)
In the formula:
when Tc is more than or equal to TpWhen D is1＝(Fmax-Fp)÷(Tmax-Tp)
When Tc is<Tp time, D2＝(Fp-Fmin)÷(Tp-Tmin)
Origin of D value: the difference between the soil measuring value and the area average soil measuring value is used for adjusting the area average soil measuring value corresponding to the appropriate fertilizing amount, and the adjusting range is limited by a unit soil measuring value fertilizer difference coefficient.
The coefficient reflects the influence of unit soil measuring value on the fertilizing amount, and the characteristic is that the coefficient is a stable numerical value in a certain area. Reveals the relationship between the unit soil test value and the fertilizing amount
Fmax upper limit of the amount of fertilizer suitable for the area (obtained by multiple checks of field test results and secondary regression simulation)
Fmin: lower limit of suitable fertilizing amount in region (obtained by multiple verification of field test result and secondary regression simulation)
Tmax: upper limit of soil measurement value (highest value of soil measurement value in test area, corresponding to lower limit of fertilizing amount)
Tmin: lower limit of soil measurement value (lowest value of soil measurement value in test area, corresponding to upper limit of fertilizing amount)
The accurate fertilization model improved by the method is converted into a prediction mathematical model to guide the fertilization of farmers, wherein mathematical calculation modes in a soil testing formula fertilization expert guidance system and a soil testing formula fertilization touch screen expert consultation system are successively improved according to the theoretical basis of the method. The project is popularized and applied in the whole province of Jilin province and the prefecture and partial counties of provinces such as Heilongjiang, Nemeng, Liaoning and the like, and great economic benefit and social benefit are obtained. Wherein, the grain yield is increased by 7.43 hundred million kilograms in 2016 and 2017 in the whole province of Jilin province, the fertilizer input is reduced by 7.37 ten thousand tons, and the total income increase and expenditure saving reaches 14.02 million yuan.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A general accurate model for soil testing, formulated fertilization has a calculation formula of Fs ═ Fp- (Tc-Tp) x D, and is characterized in that in the calculation formula of the accurate model:
fs is the pure nutrient amount of the fertilizing amount required by the crops;
fp, the average soil testing value of the area corresponds to the appropriate fertilizing amount;
tc is the soil testing value;
tp is the average soil testing value of the area;
Tc-Tp: the relative content of soil nutrients;
d, a unit soil testing value fertilizer difference general coefficient;
in the formula: when Tc is not less than Tp, D is equal to D1
D1＝(Fmax-Fp)÷(Tmax-Tp)
When Tc is<Tp, D ═ D2
D2＝(Fp-Fmin)÷(Tp-Tmin)
Fmax is the upper limit of the suitable fertilizing amount in the region;
fmin: the lower limit of the appropriate fertilizing amount of the area;
tmax: measuring the upper limit of the soil value;
tmin: measuring the lower limit of the soil value;
the geodetic values were obtained by laboratory analytical testing, and the mean geodetic value of the area was the arithmetic mean of the 95% confidence intervals for all geodetic values in the area.
2. The universal precision model for soil testing, formulated fertilization according to claim 1 wherein the upper limit of the local suitable fertilization amount is obtained by multiple calibration of field test results and quadratic regression simulation, and the lower limit of the local suitable fertilization amount is obtained by multiple calibration of field test results and quadratic regression simulation.
3. The universal precision model for soil testing, formulated fertilization according to claim 1 wherein the upper soil testing value is the highest soil testing value in the test area corresponding to the lower fertilizing amount limit and the lower soil testing value is the lowest soil testing value in the test area corresponding to the upper fertilizing amount limit.
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| CN2160941Y (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-04-06 | 牛保平 | Scientific fertiliser applying calculator |
| CN1489887A (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-04-21 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Intelligent tool for directing scientific fertilization |
| CN1505794A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2004-06-16 | μ | Computer specified fertilizer application for agricultural fields |
| CN1326442C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Virtual GPS accurate agricultural variable subsoil application system |
| CN103810640A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 孙克 | Mobile phone positioning type soil testing and formulated fertilization service platform implementation method and system |
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2018
- 2018-05-16 CN CN201810468917.2A patent/CN108521963B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2160941Y (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-04-06 | 牛保平 | Scientific fertiliser applying calculator |
| CN1505794A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2004-06-16 | μ | Computer specified fertilizer application for agricultural fields |
| CN1489887A (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-04-21 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Intelligent tool for directing scientific fertilization |
| CN1326442C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Virtual GPS accurate agricultural variable subsoil application system |
| CN103810640A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 孙克 | Mobile phone positioning type soil testing and formulated fertilization service platform implementation method and system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 紫色丘陵区村级农田施肥信息系统的研制;唐毓;《农业科技辑》;20120430;43-103 * |
| 论采用土壤养分相对含量计算施肥量之方法;王剑锋;《吉林农业科学》;20111231;第36卷(第3期);27-29 * |
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