CN108428444B - Compact active sound absorption method for compensating near-field influence of secondary sound source - Google Patents

Compact active sound absorption method for compensating near-field influence of secondary sound source Download PDF

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CN108428444B
CN108428444B CN201810185813.0A CN201810185813A CN108428444B CN 108428444 B CN108428444 B CN 108428444B CN 201810185813 A CN201810185813 A CN 201810185813A CN 108428444 B CN108428444 B CN 108428444B
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CN108428444A (en
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王军
卢晶
邱小军
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Nanjing University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3216—Cancellation means disposed in the vicinity of the source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3226—Sensor details, e.g. for producing a reference or error signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/504—Calibration

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Abstract

The invention discloses a compact active sound absorption method for compensating the near field influence of a secondary sound source, which comprises the following steps: (1) temporarily placing a calibration microphone B in a noise reduction area of an error microphone A of the compact active sound absorption system; (2) and (3) calibration process: firstly, only the secondary sound source sounds, and the signal s of the secondary sound source sounds to the signal p of the microphone A is calculatedAImpulse response ws ofAAnd signal s to microphone B signal pBImpulse response ws ofB(ii) a Then only the noise source sounds, the signal p is calculatedATo the signal pBImpulse response w ofAB(ii) a (3) The control process comprises the following steps: sound pressure p at microphone B, with simultaneous sound production of the noise source and the secondary sourceBBy the secondary sound source signal s and the signal p of the microphone AAAnd (6) calculating. The method can effectively reduce the noise of the noise reduction area in a special scene, and is particularly suitable for the scene that the noise reduction area does not allow a long-time microphone arrangement or has strict requirements on the size of an active control system.

Description

Compact active sound absorption method for compensating near-field influence of secondary sound source
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compact active sound absorption method for compensating near-field influence of a secondary sound source.
Background
The active control technology has wide application in noise elimination and reduction, and has a lot of researches on the principle introduction and performance analysis of the general FxLMS (filtered-x least mean square) algorithm.
In the pipeline compact active control system, if the secondary sound source is close to the error microphone, the near field of the secondary sound source at the error microphone has great influence, and the sound field at the error microphone is greatly different from the sound field of the area needing to be controlled. The literature (p.m. mobile and k.u. ingard, chap.9, p.492-498in thermal industries, Princeton unity pressure, New Jersey, (1968)) demonstrates that in a pipe, sound waves of the zero order mode emitted by a sound source do not attenuate with propagation distance, while sound waves of other modes all have different attenuation coefficients with propagation distance. In a room or other complex scene, the sound field distribution at different locations is more different.
The common active control technology can only achieve noise reduction of the area near the error microphone by controlling the sound pressure at the error microphone, so that the error microphone needs to be arranged in the noise reduction area all the time in the whole control process. If the noise reduction area cannot be used for laying the microphone for a long time or has strict requirements on the size of an active control system, the sound pressure at the position of the error microphone reduced by the existing active control method cannot represent the reduction of the noise reduction area due to different sound field distributions of different areas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a compact active sound absorption method for compensating the near field influence of a secondary sound source, which can effectively reduce the noise of a noise reduction area in a special scene, and is particularly suitable for the scene that the noise reduction area does not allow a long-time defense microphone arrangement or has strict requirements on the size of an active control system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a compact active sound absorption method that compensates for near field effects of a secondary sound source, comprising the steps of:
(1) temporarily placing a calibration microphone B in a noise reduction area of an error microphone A of the compact active sound absorption system;
(2) and (3) calibration process:
first, only the secondary sound source sounds, and the signal p obtained by the error microphone A is recorded in real timeACalibrating the signal p obtained by the microphone BBAnd a signal s from which a secondary sound source is sounded, and calculating the signal s to the signal pAImpulse response ws ofASum signal s to signal pBImpulse response ws ofB；
Then, only the noise source sounds, and the signal p is recorded in real timeASum signal pBAnd calculating the signal pATo the signal pBImpulse response w ofAB；
(3) The control process comprises the following steps:
the noise source and secondary source sound simultaneously, first, based on the signal s and the impulse response wsACalculating the sound pressure p of the secondary source sounding on the error microphone As AThen the signal p at the error microphone a is related to the noise source onlynoise AIs pA-ps A；
Then, according to the signal pnoise AAnd impulse response wABA signal p relating only to the noise source at the calibration microphone B can be calculatednoise B(ii) a Based on the signal s and the impulse response wsBCalculating the sound pressure p of the secondary source utterance affecting the calibration microphone Bs BSound pressure p of noise reduction regionB＝pnoise B+ps B；
Finally, with sound pressure pBThe sound pressure of the noise reduction region is controlled as an error signal for FxLMS active noise control.
The method of the invention uses additional calibration microphones to acquire associated calibration filters during calibration, which can compensate for the near field effects of the sound source during control. By utilizing the invention, the sound pressure of the noise reduction area can be calculated and controlled through the compact active control system, and the original scene layout of the noise reduction area is not influenced; and the calibration microphone is only used in the calibration process, so that the active control system can be kept compact. After the calibration by the method, the compact system and the noise reduction area can not be overlapped in space, the arrangement of the area of the other side is not influenced by the compact system and the noise reduction area, and the sound pressure of the noise reduction area can still be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture for implementing the method of the present invention, 1-error microphone a, 2-calibration microphone B, 3 reference microphone, 4 secondary sound source, 5 noise source, 6 compact active control system, 7 noise reduction zone, 8 duct.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of calculating an impulse response using an LMS adaptive algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the FxLMS adaptive algorithm in the active noise control technique according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
1. Calibration procedure
Recording the secondary sound source signal s, the signal p of the microphone A in real time, while only the secondary sound source 4 is soundingAAnd signal p of microphone BBThe signals s to p may be calculated by an LMS (least Mean Square) adaptive algorithm or other methodAImpulse response of { w }SA(n),n＝0,1,…,LSA-1, signals s to pBImpulse response of { w }SB(n),n＝0,1,…,LSB-1}. Wherein L isSAAnd LSBAre respectively { wSA(n) } and { wSB(n) } filter length.
In the following, { wSA(n) } calculation is an example, and a process of calculating an impulse response by the LMS adaptive algorithm is described, as shown in fig. 2. Where e is the error signal of the LMS adaptive algorithm. The filter output at time n is:
Figure BDA0001590220220000031
the error at the nth time is
e(n)＝d(n)-y(n) (2)
Defining vectors
wSA＝[wSA(0),wSA(1)，…,wSA(LSA-1)] (3)
s(n)＝[s(n),s(n-1),…,s(n-LSA+1)] (4)
The filter is iterated by the formula
wSA(n)＝wSA(n-1)+μe(n)s(n) (5)
Where μ is the convergence step. As the adaptive iteration progressesLine e (n) is minimized, then { w }SA(n) } the calculation is completed.
Recording the signal p of the microphone A in real time, while only the noise source 5 is soundingAAnd signal p of microphone BBThe signal p may be calculated by an LMS adaptive algorithm or other methodsATo the signal pBImpulse response of { w }AB(n),n＝0,1,…,LAB-1}, wherein, LABIs { wAB(n) } filter length.
2. Control procedure for active noise control
In the control process of the active noise control, the noise source 5 and the secondary sound source 4 are simultaneously sounded, the signal p at the microphone BBCan be passed through the secondary sound source signal s and the signal p of the microphone AAAnd (6) calculating.
Figure BDA0001590220220000032
Figure BDA0001590220220000033
Figure BDA0001590220220000034
Figure BDA0001590220220000035
Figure BDA0001590220220000041
ps ASound pressure, p, affecting the microphone A for the secondary sound source 4 to emit soundnoise AFor signals at microphone A which are only related to noise sources, pnoise BIs the signal at microphone B that is only related to noise source 5. p is a radical ofs BThe sound pressure affecting the microphone B is sounded for the secondary sound source 4. p is a radical ofBFor noise-reducing regions 7 where noise reduction is desiredSound pressure. By sound pressure pBThe sound pressure of the noise reduction region 7 may be controlled as an error signal of the FxLMS active noise control.
Taking the case of fig. 1 as an example, the description of the FxLMS active noise control technique is as follows.
The FxLMS is divided into a secondary path modeling process and a control process, as shown in fig. 3. In the FxLMS modeling process, only the secondary sound source 4 sounds, and the signals s and p of the secondary sound source 4 are recorded in real timeBCalculating s to p according to the LMS adaptive algorithmBImpulse response of { w }SB(n), which is already done during the calibration process.
In the FxLMS control process, the noise source 5 and the secondary sound source 4 sound simultaneously. Let x be the reference signal received by the reference microphone 3referDefining control filter coefficients as { w (n) }, n ═ 0,1, …, L-1, and referring to the input vector
xrefer＝[xrefer(n),xrefer(n-1),…,xrefer(n-L+1)] (11)
Where L is the control filter length. The secondary sound source signal s is the filter output, is
Figure BDA0001590220220000042
Reference signal xreferThrough the secondary path model wSB(n) to obtain a filtered-x signal of filter-x
Figure BDA0001590220220000043
Defining vectors
r(n)＝[rrefer(n),rrefer(n-1),…,rrefer(n-L+1)] (14)
The filter is iterated by the formula
w(n)＝w(n-1)+μe(n)r(n) (15)
Where μ is the convergence step. As the adaptation iteration progresses, e (n) reaches a minimum, then the { w (n) } calculation is complete. In fact, e (n) is the signal detected by the microphone B, and the sound pressure representing the noise reduction region is minimized.

Claims (1)

1. A method of compact active sound absorption to compensate for near field effects of a secondary source, comprising the steps of:
(1) temporarily placing a calibration microphone B in a noise reduction area of an error microphone A of the compact active sound absorption system;
(2) and (3) calibration process:
first, only the secondary sound source sounds, and the signal p obtained by the error microphone A is recorded in real timeACalibrating the signal p obtained by the microphone BBAnd a signal s from which a secondary sound source is sounded, and calculating the signal s to the signal pAImpulse response ws ofASum signal s to signal pBImpulse response ws ofB；
Then, only the noise source sounds, and the signal p is recorded in real timeASum signal pBAnd calculating the signal pATo the signal pBImpulse response w ofAB；
(3) The control process comprises the following steps:
the noise source and secondary source sound simultaneously, first, based on the signal s and the impulse response wsACalculating the sound pressure p of the secondary source sounding on the error microphone As AThen the signal p at the error microphone a is related to the noise source onlynoise AIs pA-ps A；
Then, according to the signal pnoise AAnd impulse response wABA signal p relating only to the noise source at the calibration microphone B can be calculatednoise B(ii) a Based on the signal s and the impulse response wsBCalculating the sound pressure p of the secondary source utterance affecting the calibration microphone Bs BSound pressure p of noise reduction regionB＝pnoise B+ps B；
Finally, with sound pressure pBThe sound pressure of the noise reduction region is controlled as an error signal for FxLMS active noise control.
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