CN108381912B - 3D prints monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectrum - Google Patents
3D prints monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108381912B CN108381912B CN201711307808.4A CN201711307808A CN108381912B CN 108381912 B CN108381912 B CN 108381912B CN 201711307808 A CN201711307808 A CN 201711307808A CN 108381912 B CN108381912 B CN 108381912B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, which comprises a collecting unit, a light splitting unit, a component analyzing unit, a positioning unit and a distribution reconstruction unit, wherein the collecting unit is used for collecting the light components of the 3D printing monitoring system; the distribution reconstruction unit is respectively connected with the component analysis unit and the positioning unit; the light splitting unit is respectively and electrically connected with the acquisition unit and the component analysis unit; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring plasma generated by sintering points of the 3D printing equipment; the light splitting unit is used for splitting light of the plasma to obtain spectral data; the component analysis unit is used for acquiring components of the sintering points according to the spectral data; the positioning unit is used for acquiring the position of a sintering point; the distribution reconstruction unit constructs composition distribution information of the print using the composition and position of the sintering point. According to the system provided by the invention, the real-time monitoring of the ablation effect of the 3D printing equipment is realized by constructing the component distribution of the 3D printing part, and a basis is provided for guiding the improvement of the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy.
Background
The 3D printing technology is the latest rapid prototyping device using technologies such as photocuring and paper lamination, which is occurring in the middle of the 90 s of the 20 th century. The 3D printing technology is basically the same as the common printing working principle, the printer is internally provided with printing materials such as liquid or powder and the like, the printing materials are subjected to layer superposition under the control of a computer after being connected with the computer, and finally, a blueprint on the computer is changed into a real object. The 3D printing technology for ablation by adopting Laser mainly comprises Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technologies, and realizes 3D printing by Sintering titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, stainless steel, aluminum or thermoplastic plastics, metal powder and ceramic powder.
Wherein, the processing energy source of the selective laser sintering is a laser, and the used molding material is powder or granular material. During processing, firstly, the powder is preheated to a temperature slightly lower than the melting point of the powder, then the powder is paved into a proper thickness from several micrometers to millimeters, laser beams are focused on the powder layers to melt the powder, selective sintering can be carried out under the control of a computer according to layered section information, next layer sintering is carried out after one layer is finished, the sintered structures of each layer are bonded together, and redundant powder is removed after all the layers are sintered, so that a sintered part can be obtained. The selective laser sintering can machine various composite structures which are difficult to manufacture by conventional machining, can mix various material powders to manufacture special alloy structural parts and even parts with layered change materials, and has the advantages of multi-degree-of-freedom machining, wide material selection range, higher machining precision and the like.
For the field of industrial metal 3D printing, powder consumables are still one of important factors which restrict the large-scale application of the technology. At present, no industrial standards or national standards such as metal 3D printing material standards, process specifications, part performance standards and the like are formulated in China, and the evaluation method generally accepted in the industry is to continue to use the cast state standard corresponding to the metal powder or to negotiate the requirement of the relaxation index on the basis of the standard. However, because the correlation between the chemical components and the content of the powder consumable and the quality and stability of the 3D printed product is extremely high, how to obtain the component distribution of the 3D printed product on line to monitor the ablation effect of 3D printing becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the field of 3D printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, which comprises a collecting unit, a light splitting unit, a component analyzing unit, a positioning unit and a distribution reconstruction unit, wherein the collecting unit is used for collecting the light components of the 3D printing monitoring system; the distribution reconstruction unit is electrically connected with the component analysis unit and the positioning unit respectively; the light splitting unit is electrically connected with the acquisition unit and the component analysis unit respectively; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring plasma generated by sintering points of the 3D printing equipment; the light splitting unit is used for splitting light of the plasma to obtain spectral data; the component analysis unit is used for acquiring components of the sintering points according to the spectral data; the positioning unit is used for acquiring the position of the sintering point; the distribution reconstruction unit constructs composition distribution information of the print using the composition and position of the sintering point.
Preferably, the distribution reconstruction unit comprises a surface distribution subunit and a volume distribution subunit; the surface distribution subunit is electrically connected with the body distribution subunit; the surface distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of any sintering surface according to the components and the positions of all sintering points on any sintering surface; and the volume distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of the printed matter according to the component distribution information and the position of the sintering surface.
Preferably, the component distribution information of the printed matter is preset distribution information of one or more components.
Preferably, the system further comprises a display unit, wherein the display unit is electrically connected with the distribution reconstruction unit; the display unit is used for displaying the component distribution information of the printed matter.
Preferably, the system further comprises a feedback unit, wherein the feedback unit is electrically connected with the distribution reconstruction unit and the 3D printing device respectively; the feedback unit adjusts the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the component distribution information of the printed piece; the process parameters comprise at least one of sintering temperature, laser power, laser pulse width, laser pulse repetition frequency, laser focal spot size, laser focal spot position, laser incidence angle, laser moving speed, batching proportion and powder laying thickness.
Preferably, the feedback unit is also electrically connected with the light splitting unit; and the feedback unit calculates the temperature of the sintering point according to the spectral data based on the blackbody radiation principle, and adjusts the technological parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the temperature of the sintering point.
Preferably, the composition analysis unit comprises a spectral processing subunit and a composition analysis subunit; the spectrum processing subunit is electrically connected with the component analysis subunit; the spectrum processing subunit is used for preprocessing the spectrum data; and the component analysis subunit acquires the components of the sintering points according to the preprocessed spectral data.
Preferably, the preprocessing comprises at least one of a denoising algorithm, a wavelength calibration algorithm, an intensity calibration algorithm, a peak finding algorithm, and an intensity interpolation algorithm.
Preferably, the 3D printing device is a selective laser melting 3D printing device or a selective laser sintering 3D printing device.
According to the 3D printing monitoring system based on the laser-induced plasma spectrum, the component distribution information of a printed piece is constructed by combining the components and the positions of sintering points, the ablation effect of 3D printing equipment is monitored in real time, and a basis is provided for guiding the improvement of the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus and a monitoring system thereof;
description of reference numerals:
21-3D printing device; 211-a laser light source; 212-an optical shaping unit;
213-laser scanning control unit; 214-a powder spreading and feeding unit; 215-print;
22-3D print monitoring system; 221-an acquisition unit; 222-a light splitting unit;
223-a spectral processing subunit; 224-a component analysis subunit; 225-a distribution reconstruction unit;
226-display unit.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy (LIPS) is a quantitative analysis technique based on emission spectra generated by interaction of Laser and materials, and the method can realize quantitative analysis of components only by a trace of detected materials in the measurement process, and has the following advantages: (1) nondestructive testing: only a few micrograms of samples are needed in the detection process, and almost no consumption is caused to the samples; (2) and (3) rapid detection: the whole detection process only needs several seconds, and has real-time performance and rapidity; (3) multi-element simultaneous detection: the simultaneous quantitative analysis of several to all elements can be realized; (4) no sample pretreatment is required: the detection can be carried out on polymorphic complex samples such as solid, liquid and the like; (5) remote measurement: the device can measure and analyze samples from several millimeters to tens of meters away, and is very suitable for special environments such as danger, high temperature, radiation and the like; (6) the detection precision is higher: the detection Limit (LOD) can reach the ppm level, and the detection precision (RSD) can reach 2-5%. The invention provides a 3D printing monitoring system based on a laser-induced plasma spectroscopy technology.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy includes a collecting unit 101, a light splitting unit 102, a component analyzing unit 103, a positioning unit 104, and a distribution reconstructing unit 105; the light splitting unit 102 is electrically connected with the acquisition unit 101 and the component analysis unit 103 respectively, and the distribution reconstruction unit 105 is electrically connected with the component analysis unit 103 and the positioning unit 104 respectively; the collecting unit 101 is used for collecting plasma generated by a sintering point of the 3D printing device 106; the light splitting unit is used for splitting light of the plasma to obtain spectral data; the component analysis unit 103 is used for acquiring the components of the sintering points according to the spectral data; the positioning unit 104 is configured to obtain a position of the sintering point; the distribution reconstruction unit 105 constructs composition distribution information of the print using the composition and position of the sintering point.
Specifically, the 3D printing monitoring system obtains information of the monitored 3D printing device 106 through the acquisition unit 101 and the positioning unit 104, where the 3D printing device refers to a 3D printing device whose manufacturing method can generate plasma when sintering a material, and includes, but is not limited to, the 3D printing device 106 that realizes material sintering by using a laser ablation technology.
The acquisition unit 101 is configured to acquire plasma generated by a sintered spot of the 3D printing device 106, and the positioning unit 104 is configured to acquire a printing position corresponding to the sintered spot which generates the plasma acquired by the acquisition unit 101.
The light splitting unit 102 is electrically connected to the acquisition unit 101 and the component analysis unit 103, respectively, the acquisition unit 101 sends the acquired plasma to the light splitting unit 102, and the light splitting unit 102 splits the plasma and sends spectral data acquired by splitting light to the component analysis unit 103. The composition analysis unit 103 performs analysis based on the received spectral data to obtain the composition of the sintering point generating the plasma, and the composition analysis of the sintering point includes qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the composition of the sintering point.
The distribution reconstruction unit 105 is electrically connected to the composition analysis unit 103 and the positioning unit 104, respectively, and the distribution reconstruction unit 105 receives the sintered dot composition transmitted by the composition analysis unit 103 and the position of the sintered dot transmitted by the positioning unit 104, respectively, and combines the composition and the position of the sintered dot to construct composition distribution information of the printed material manufactured by the 3D printing apparatus 106.
In the embodiment of the invention, the composition distribution information of the printed matter is constructed by combining the composition and the position of the sintering point, so that the real-time monitoring of the ablation effect of the 3D printing equipment is realized, and a basis is provided for guiding the improvement of the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment.
Based on the specific embodiment, the 3D printing monitoring system based on the laser-induced plasma spectrum comprises a distribution reconstruction unit and a volume distribution subunit, wherein the distribution reconstruction unit comprises a surface distribution subunit and a volume distribution subunit; the surface distribution subunit is electrically connected with the body distribution subunit; the surface distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of any sintering surface according to the components and the positions of all sintering points on any sintering surface; and the volume distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of the printed matter according to the component distribution information and the position of the sintering surface.
Specifically, the distribution reconstruction unit realizes the construction of the composition distribution information of the 3D printed matter through a surface distribution subunit and a volume distribution subunit.
Wherein the surface distribution subunit extracts the components and positions of all the sintered dots located on any one sintered surface from the components of the sintered dots sent by the component analysis unit and the positions of the sintered dots sent by the positioning unit 104, combines the components and positions of the sintered dots, constructs component distribution information of any one sintered surface of a 3D print, and sends the component distribution information of any one sintered surface to the surface distribution subunit.
And the volume distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of the 3D printing piece according to the received component distribution information of each sintering surface and the position of each sintering surface.
In the embodiment of the invention, a specific feasible method is provided for the component distribution analysis of the 3D printing part by constructing the component distribution of the surface component distribution assembly.
Based on any embodiment of the above, the 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, wherein the component distribution information of the printed matter is preset distribution information of one or more components.
In particular, the composition distribution information of the printed matter may be distribution information for one or more composition elements. For example, the elements of the sintering point obtained by the composition analysis unit include Cr, Mo, Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, and the like, and the distribution reconstruction unit extracts only the structural composition distribution information of the two elements of Cr and Mo.
In addition, the component distribution information of the printed matter may correspond to the whole printed matter, or may correspond to a certain preset range or area of the printed matter.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy further comprises a display unit, wherein the display unit is electrically connected with the distribution reconstruction unit; the display unit is used for displaying the component distribution information of the printed matter.
Specifically, the partial reconstruction unit transmits the calculated and acquired component distribution information of the print body to the display unit, and the display unit displays the component distribution information. The display unit includes, but is not limited to, a display. The display unit provided in the embodiment of the invention visually displays the component distribution condition of the printing body, and is helpful for people to know the monitoring state of the 3D printing monitoring system.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy further comprises a feedback unit, wherein the feedback unit is electrically connected with the distribution reconstruction unit and the 3D printing device respectively; the feedback unit adjusts the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the component distribution information of the printed piece; the process parameters comprise at least one of sintering temperature, laser power, laser pulse width, laser pulse repetition frequency, laser focal spot size, laser focal spot position, laser incidence angle, laser moving speed, batching proportion and powder laying thickness.
Specifically, the feedback unit sends a command to the 3D printing device according to the component distribution information of the printed matter acquired by the distribution reconstruction unit, so as to adjust the process parameters of the 3D printing device.
For example, if the feedback unit finds that the content of a certain easily-burnt seed element component is obviously less than the designed component in the printing process based on the component distribution information of the printed material, the feedback unit sends a command to the 3D printing device to reduce the laser power or adjust the focal spot size of the laser to reduce the burnt amount; if the feedback unit finds that the content of a certain component is in an abnormal allowable range based on the component distribution information of the printed matter, the feedback unit sends the calculated and adjusted batching proportion to the 3D printing equipment so as to ensure the product quality; for another example, if the feedback unit finds that an abnormal oxidizing substance is generated in the ablation process based on the composition distribution information of the printed matter, the feedback unit sends a command to the 3D printing device to adjust the ablation laser parameters and avoid over-sintering.
In the embodiment of the invention, the feedback unit correspondingly adjusts the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the component distribution information, so that the 3D printing quality is effectively improved.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, the feedback unit is further electrically connected with the light splitting unit; and the feedback unit calculates the temperature of the sintering point according to the spectral data based on the blackbody radiation principle, and adjusts the technological parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the temperature of the sintering point.
Specifically, the feedback unit acquires spectral data through the light splitting unit, and calculates the temperature of the sintering point by using the blackbody radiation principle. The blackbody radiation principle refers to that the ratio of the energy radiated by an object in a thermal equilibrium state to the absorbed energy is independent of the physical properties of the object and only dependent on the wavelength and the temperature. Therefore, the temperature of the sintering point corresponding to the spectrum data can be calculated according to the spectrum data acquired by the light splitting unit, and the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment can be adjusted according to the temperature of the sintering point.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the sintering point temperature is obtained based on the blackbody radiation principle, the method for adjusting the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment is provided, and the 3D printing quality is effectively improved.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, the component analysis unit includes a spectrum processing subunit and a component analysis subunit; the spectrum processing subunit is electrically connected with the component analysis subunit; the spectrum processing subunit is used for preprocessing the spectrum data; and the component analysis subunit acquires the components of the sintering points according to the preprocessed spectral data.
Specifically, the spectrum processing subunit is configured to perform preprocessing on the spectrum data sent by the light splitting unit before performing qualitative and quantitative analysis on element or molecular components, and send the preprocessed spectrum data to the component analysis subunit.
And the component analysis subunit analyzes the preprocessed spectral data to obtain components of the sintering points corresponding to the spectral data. The data processing method adopted by the component analysis subunit includes, but is not limited to, an internal standard method and/or a free calibration method.
Further, the preprocessing includes at least one of a denoising algorithm, a wavelength calibration algorithm, an intensity calibration algorithm, a peak finding algorithm, and an intensity interpolation algorithm. Wherein the denoising algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a wavelet transform algorithm.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, the 3D printing apparatus is a selective laser melting 3D printing apparatus or a selective laser sintering 3D printing apparatus.
Specifically, the 3D printing device is a 3D printing device that realizes material sintering by using a laser ablation technique, such as a selective laser melting 3D printing device and a selective laser sintering 3D printing device. In the embodiment of the invention, by giving a selection range of the 3D printing device, it is indicated that the applicable range of the 3D printing monitoring system includes all 3D printing devices capable of generating plasma when sintering materials.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, where the collection unit is configured to obtain plasma generated by a sintering point of the 3D printing device. The collecting unit is composed of a plurality of optical converging elements, and can realize signal light collection in a wide spectrum range, wherein the optical converging elements include but are not limited to at least one of a micro lens array, an aspheric lens, a spherical lens, an aspheric reflector and a paraboloid reflector.
The spectral range collected by the collection unit is typically in the range of 100 to 600 nm. The spectrum collection can also be carried out in a range of a specific application according to specific needs, for example, when only C element is detected, the spectrum collection can be carried out in a range of 193-193.5 nm; when the test is carried out on several elements of C, S, Si and P, the spectrum collection can be carried out in the range of 190-350 nm.
Based on any one of the above specific embodiments, in the 3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, the light splitting unit performs light splitting processing on the plasma light according to wavelength, and outputs spectral data after light splitting. The light splitting unit comprises a plurality of spectral signal detection devices, and the spectral signal detection devices include but are not limited to spectrometers, spectrophotometers, and light splitting modules with CCD/CMOS photosensitive devices and light splitting device structures, such as linear array spectrometers, echelle grating spectrometers, and light splitting modules with CCD or CMOS photosensitive devices combined with linear gratings, blazed gratings or secondary light splitting gratings. The light splitting unit can output spectral data after one-dimensional or two-dimensional light splitting.
For better understanding and application of the present invention, the present invention provides a 3D printing monitoring system based on laser induced plasma spectroscopy, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example one:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus and a monitoring system thereof, and as shown in fig. 2, the system involved in the drawing includes the 3D printing apparatus and the 3D printing monitoring system.
The 3D printing apparatus 21 includes a laser light source 211, an optical shaping unit 212, a laser scanning control unit 213, a powder-laying feeding unit 214, and a print 215.
The laser light source 211 is a Nd-YAG working substance solid pulse laser which can form laser output with single pulse energy of 300mJ, repetition frequency of 10Hz and pulse width of 20 ns;
the optical shaping unit 212 is composed of two spherical lenses, an aspherical lens and a cylindrical lens, and is used for converging the laser beam;
the laser scanning control unit 213 comprises a plane mirror with a diameter of 10mm and a scanning galvanometer system, wherein the plane mirror with a diameter of 10mm can realize high-efficiency reflection of more than 99.5% near the wavelength of incident laser, and then the scanning galvanometer system realizes rotation within the range of 0-2 degrees, so that the scanning control of the sintering point of the emergent laser is realized;
after the powder spreading and feeding unit 214 lays a layer of powder and laser sintering is finished, the control system controls the printing piece 215 to move, then the powder spreading and feeding unit 214 lays a layer of powder again, and then the control system controls the printing piece 215 to move to perform laser sintering of the next layer.
The 3D printing monitoring system 22 includes an acquisition unit 221, a light splitting unit 222, a spectrum processing subunit 223, a composition analysis subunit 224, a positioning unit, a distribution reconstruction unit 225, and a display unit 226.
The collecting unit 221 is an optical lens composed of an aspheric reflector and a lens with a focal length of 500mm, and can collect light emitted by the plasma;
the light splitting unit 222 is an echelle grating spectrometer of andor company, the grating resolution is 0.02nm, and the spectrum collection range is 200-600 nm;
the collected spectral data realize the processing of the scanning point spectral signals through the spectral processing subunit 223, including denoising, background removal and compensation of self-absorption effect;
the component analysis subunit 224 performs standard sample calibration component analysis by combining the spectral peak signal intensity of a specific wavelength with a standard sample calibration database established in advance based on the standard sample calibration database to obtain component proportions of elements such as Cr, Mo, Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, and the like;
the method comprises the steps that a positioning unit obtains a laser advancing route in a sintering process;
the distribution reconstruction unit 225 combines the component information data acquired by each point in real time with the laser advancing line in the sintering process to form component distribution of each point in the advancing process on a sintering surface, and realizes component distribution of the whole workpiece by integrating the data accumulation of one layer by one layer and the characteristics of a sintering structure;
finally, the component distribution of each element and the distribution data of each surface can be displayed on a display unit 226 of the terminal, wherein the display unit 226 is a computer monitor.
Example two:
the 3D printing equipment is 3D laser sintering printing equipment, and the 3D printing monitoring system comprises a collecting unit, a light splitting unit, a spectrum processing subunit, a component analysis subunit, a positioning unit, a distribution reconstruction unit and a display unit.
The collecting unit is composed of a focusing lens, and realizes the convergence of plasma emission light in a fiber coupling mode;
the light splitting unit is a 2-channel spectrometer of avants company, the grating resolution is 0.1nm, and the spectrum collection range is 200-400 nm;
in the component analysis subunit, the collected spectral data directly performs qualitative analysis of elements and molecular components by combining a spectrum peak signal with a specific wavelength with an NIST spectral database, and judges whether the spectral data contain elements of a complete element periodic table;
the distribution reconstruction unit constructs data which are acquired by points in real time and contain certain element information, the data are mutually combined with a line where laser advances in the sintering process, component distribution of a specific sintering surface of a sintered body is selectively formed, the sintering current and the repetition frequency of the laser in the 3D printing equipment are optimized through data feedback, and the fact that SO is not generated in the sintering process of the multi-molecular polymer is guaranteed2(ii) a Aiming at the situation that when the alloy powder is sintered, Fe is not generated in the sintering process3O4Simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the sintering point and the size of the sintering molten poolAnd 3D printing equipment is optimized.
Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A3D printing monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectroscopy is characterized by comprising a collecting unit, a light splitting unit, a component analyzing unit, a positioning unit and a distribution reconstruction unit;
the distribution reconstruction unit is electrically connected with the component analysis unit and the positioning unit respectively; the light splitting unit is electrically connected with the acquisition unit and the component analysis unit respectively;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring plasma generated by sintering points of the 3D printing equipment; the light splitting unit is used for splitting light of the plasma to obtain spectral data;
the component analysis unit is used for acquiring components of the sintering points according to the spectral data; the composition analysis of the sintering point comprises qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the sintering point composition;
the positioning unit is used for acquiring the position of the sintering point;
the distribution reconstruction unit is used for constructing the component distribution information of the printed matter by applying the components and the positions of the sintering points;
the distribution reconstruction unit comprises a surface distribution subunit and a body distribution subunit; the surface distribution subunit is electrically connected with the body distribution subunit;
the surface distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of any sintering surface according to the components and the positions of all sintering points on any sintering surface;
and the volume distribution subunit constructs the component distribution information of the printed matter according to the component distribution information and the position of the sintering surface.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the composition distribution information of the printed material is preset distribution information of one or more compositions.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a display unit electrically connected to the distributed reconstruction unit; the display unit is used for displaying the component distribution information of the printed matter.
4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a feedback unit electrically connected to the distribution reconstruction unit and the 3D printing device, respectively; the feedback unit adjusts the process parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the component distribution information of the printed piece; the process parameters comprise at least one of sintering temperature, laser power, laser pulse width, laser pulse repetition frequency, laser focal spot size, laser focal spot position, laser incidence angle, laser moving speed, batching proportion and powder laying thickness.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the feedback unit is further electrically connected to the light splitting unit; and the feedback unit calculates the temperature of the sintering point according to the spectral data based on the blackbody radiation principle, and adjusts the technological parameters of the 3D printing equipment according to the temperature of the sintering point.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the component analysis unit comprises a spectral processing subunit and a component analysis subunit; the spectrum processing subunit is electrically connected with the component analysis subunit;
the spectrum processing subunit is used for preprocessing the spectrum data; and the component analysis subunit acquires the components of the sintering points according to the preprocessed spectral data.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the pre-processing comprises at least one of a de-noising algorithm, a wavelength calibration algorithm, an intensity calibration algorithm, a peak finding algorithm, and an intensity interpolation algorithm.
8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the 3D printing device is a selective laser melting 3D printing device or a selective laser sintering 3D printing device.
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| CN201711307808.4A CN108381912B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | 3D prints monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectrum |
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| CN201711307808.4A CN108381912B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | 3D prints monitoring system based on laser-induced plasma spectrum |
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| DE102019132535A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | Jenoptik Optical Systems Gmbh | Printing process for producing a multi-layer component with online process control and a suitable device for this |
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| CN106990114A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-07-28 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | Increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing device |
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| JP2017207869A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-24 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Data output restriction device for solid object molding |
| CN106990114A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-07-28 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | Increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing device |
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