CN108371872B

CN108371872B - Desulfurization and denitrification device for high-efficiency denitrification

Info

Publication number: CN108371872B
Application number: CN201810305906.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏进超; 李俊杰; 杨本涛
Original assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-08
Filing date: 2018-04-08
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-08
Also published as: KR20200104404A; BR112020016922A2; CN108371872A; WO2019196486A1; PH12020551257A1; RU2760553C1; KR102422222B1

Abstract

A desulfurization and denitrification device for high efficiency denitrification, the device comprising: the device comprises an adsorption tower (1), an analysis tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first active carbon conveyor (4), a second active carbon conveyor (5) and an active carbon bin (AC) arranged above the adsorption tower (1), wherein the adsorption tower (1) is provided with a flue gas inlet (A) at one side of the adsorption tower and a flue gas outlet (B) at the other side of the adsorption tower, a first gas pipeline (L1) led out from a gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected to a gas inlet of the active carbon bin (AC), a second gas pipeline (L2) led out from a gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected to the flue gas inlet (A), and a third gas pipeline (L3) led out from a gas outlet of the active carbon bin (AC) is converged with the second gas pipeline (L2). The application adopts active carbon to pre-adsorb part of ammonia; meanwhile, in order to enhance the denitration effect, part of ammonia is sprayed again in the middle of the adsorption tower.

Description

Desulfurization and denitrification device for high-efficiency denitrification

Technical Field

The invention relates to an active carbon method flue gas purification device, which belongs to an active carbon method flue gas purification device suitable for treating atmospheric pollution, in particular to a high-efficiency denitration ammonia spraying device for purifying sintering flue gas, and relates to the field of environmental protection.

Background

For industrial flue gas, especially sintering machine flue gas in the steel industry, it is desirable to employ desulfurization and denitrification apparatuses and processes including activated carbon adsorption towers and analytical towers. In a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus including an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorbing pollutants including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and dioxins from sintering flue gas or exhaust gas (particularly sintering flue gas of a sintering machine in the iron and steel industry) and a desorption tower for thermal regeneration of activated carbon.

The active carbon desulfurization has the advantages of high desulfurization rate, capability of simultaneously realizing denitration, dioxin removal, dust removal, no waste water and waste residue generation and the like, and is a flue gas purification method with great prospect. The activated carbon can be regenerated at high temperature, and sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dioxin and other pollutants adsorbed on the activated carbon are rapidly resolved or decomposed (sulfur dioxide is resolved, and nitrogen oxides and dioxin are decomposed) at the temperature higher than 350 ℃. And as the temperature increases, the regeneration rate of the activated carbon further increases and the regeneration time shortens, preferably the regeneration temperature of the activated carbon in the desorption column is generally controlled to be about 430 c, so that the desired desorption temperature (or regeneration temperature) is, for example, in the range of 390-450 c, more preferably in the range of 400-440 c.

A conventional activated carbon desulfurization process is shown in fig. 1. The flue gas is introduced into an adsorption tower by a booster fan, and mixed gas of ammonia and air is sprayed into a tower inlet so as to improve NO _X The purified flue gas enters a sintering main chimney for emission. Activated carbon is added into the adsorption tower from the top of the tower and moves downwards under the action of gravity and a discharging device at the bottom of the tower. Activated carbon coming out of the analysis tower is conveyed to an adsorption tower by a No. 2 activated carbon conveyor, the activated carbon saturated by the adsorption tower is discharged from the bottom, and the discharged activated carbon is conveyed to the analysis tower by a No. 1 activated carbon conveyor for activated carbon regeneration.

The function of the analytic tower is to adsorb SO from the activated carbon ₂ Releasing, decomposing dioxin by over 80% at 400 deg.C and a certain residence time, cooling, sieving and reusing the activated carbon. Released SO ₂ Can prepare sulfuric acid, etc., and the resolved active carbon is sent to an adsorption tower through a conveying device to be reused for adsorbing SO ₂ And NO _X Etc.

NO in adsorption column and desorption column _X React with ammonia to remove NO by SCR, SNCR, etc _X . The dust is adsorbed by the active carbon when passing through the adsorption tower, a vibrating screen at the bottom end of the analysis tower is separated, and the active carbon powder below the screen is sent to an ash bin.

The existing activated carbon method flue gas purification technology generally adopts a flue gas inlet to directly spray ammonia, so that the ammonia spraying amount of the flue gas inlet is generally increased for increasing the denitration rate, but the escape of the outlet ammonia is more serious.

In addition, dust is adsorbed by the activated carbon when passing through the adsorption tower, a vibrating screen at the bottom end of the analysis tower is separated, the screened activated carbon powder is sent to an ash bin, and qualified activated carbon left at the upper part of the screen is recycled. The screen mesh commonly used at present is in the form of square holes with side lengthsa is generally about 1.2mm depending on the sieving requirements. However, for similar dimensionsThe activated carbon in the form of tablet is also regarded as a qualified product by sieving with the sieve. The tablet-shaped active carbon has low wear-resistant and compression-resistant strength, and is easy to break into fragments after entering a flue gas purification system, so that on one hand, the flue gas purification system has high resistance due to the fact that the active carbon bed layer is more in powder, and the running cost of the system is increased; on the other hand, the high-temperature combustion risk of the activated carbon is increased, meanwhile, dust in the outlet flue gas mainly comprises part of fine particles carried in the original flue gas and activated carbon powder newly carried in the flue gas when passing through an activated carbon bed, and the increase of the dust in the flue gas outlet can be caused by the excessive powder of the activated carbon bed, so that the surrounding environment is influenced, and the atmospheric pollution is caused.

In addition, the prior art activated carbon discharge device includes a round roll feeder and a feed rotary valve, as shown in fig. 8.

Firstly, for the round roller feeder, in the working process, activated carbon moves downwards under the control of the round roller feeder under the action of gravity, the moving speed of the activated carbon is determined by different rotating speeds of the round roller feeder, the activated carbon discharged by the round roller feeder enters a rotary feeding valve to be discharged and then enters conveying equipment for recycling, and the main function of the rotary feeding valve is to keep the sealing of an adsorption tower while discharging, so that harmful gas in the adsorption tower is not leaked into the air.

Because the flue gas contains a certain amount of water vapor and dust, the activated carbon can generate a small amount of bonding phenomenon in the adsorption process, and a block is formed to block the feed opening, as shown in fig. 9. If the blanking hole is seriously blocked, activated carbon cannot continuously move, so that the activated carbon is saturated in adsorption and loses the purifying effect, and even the activated carbon bed layer is high in temperature due to heat accumulation of the activated carbon, so that great potential safety hazards exist. The current treatment method is to manually remove the blocks after the system is shut down. In addition, the round roll feeder may occur when it malfunctions during the production process, such as: and the leakage condition when the smoke pressure changes, the material cannot be controlled when the vehicle is stopped, and the like. In addition, the number of the round roller feeders is large (only one of the round roller feeders has a fault, the whole large-scale device is stopped), the manufacturing cost is high, and the maintenance and the overhaul are difficult, so that a certain limit is brought to the development of the activated carbon technology.

Secondly, with the prior art feed rotary valves, the following problems exist: for the transportation of fragile particles such as desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, a rotary valve is used on one hand to ensure the air tightness of a tower body and on the other hand to realize the nondestructive transportation of materials, but if a transportation medium is sheared due to the rotation of blades in the rotary valve transportation process, the operation cost of a system is increased, as shown in fig. 8. Meanwhile, the shearing phenomenon can cause abrasion of the valve body, the air tightness is poor, and the service life is shortened. Especially when the feed inlet is full of material, the valve core is rotated, and the shearing action of the blades and the valve shell on the conveying medium is more obvious. For large adsorption towers, which typically have a height of about 20 meters, the round roll feeder or rotary valve fails during production, causing significant losses for continuous operation of the process, because the adsorption towers are filled with several tons of activated carbon, the manual removal and repair or reinstallation is quite difficult, and the impact and losses caused by downtime are inconceivable.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to avoid excessive escape of ammonia, active carbon is adopted to pre-adsorb part of ammonia; meanwhile, in order to enhance the denitration effect, part of ammonia is sprayed again in the middle of the adsorption tower.

According to a first embodiment of the present application, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification device for efficient denitrification, the device comprising: the device comprises an adsorption tower, a desorption tower, a gas mixer, a first active carbon conveyor, a second active carbon conveyor and an active carbon bin arranged above the adsorption tower,

wherein the adsorption tower has a flue gas inlet on one side thereof, and a flue upper part, a flue middle part and a flue lower part which are respectively communicated with the flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet on the other side thereof, and

wherein a first gas conduit leading from the gas outlet of the gas mixer is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon silo (which is located in the middle or lower part of the silo), a second gas conduit leading from the gas outlet of the gas mixer is connected to the middle part of the flue and optionally also to (i.e. connected or not connected to) the upper part of the flue, and a third gas conduit leading from the gas outlet of the activated carbon silo (which is located in the middle or upper part of the silo) merges with the second gas conduit.

Generally, the flue downstream of the flue gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely an upper flue portion, a middle flue portion and a lower flue portion; accordingly, the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The point of injection of the diluted ammonia gas into the flue is located in the middle of the flue (preferably at its front end).

In this application, "optionally" means with or without, or means with or without.

Generally, two rotary valves are provided on the activated carbon delivery conduit above the activated carbon silo. A nitrogen delivery pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves for nitrogen sealing and preventing smoke leakage.

Preferably, the first gas valve V and the second gas valve V are provided at the front ends of the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe, respectively.

Typically, the first activated carbon conveyor collects activated carbon material that has adsorbed the flue gas exiting the bottom of the adsorption column and then conveys it to the top of the desorption column.

The second activated carbon conveyor collects the regenerated activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower and then conveys the regenerated activated carbon to the top bin of the adsorption tower.

Generally, a nitrogen delivery pipe is connected between two rotary valves on a feed pipe above the tower, and a nitrogen delivery pipe is connected between two rotary valves on a discharge pipe below the tower, which are used for sealing nitrogen and preventing smoke leakage.

Diluting ammonia gas to NH in a gas mixer by air ₃ The diluted ammonia gas with the concentration less than or equal to 5vol% is changed into diluted ammonia gas, the diluted ammonia gas in the first path is introduced into a storage bin positioned at the top of the adsorption tower through a first gas valve V and a first gas pipeline, and the diluted ammonia gas is pre-adsorbed by activated carbon in the storage bin. The other or second diluted ammonia is delivered to the middle part of the flue and optionally to the upper part of the flue via a second gas valve V and a second gas conduit. From activated carbon bins The discharged mixed gas is conveyed by a third gas pipeline to be combined with the other path or the second path of diluted ammonia gas, and is sprayed into the flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, and the diluted ammonia spraying point is positioned at the middle part of the flue. In order to prevent ammonia gas in the storage bin from leaking to the conveyor, a double-layer rotary valve is arranged between the storage bin and the conveyor, and sealing gas (such as nitrogen or inert gas) is introduced. AC adsorption of NH in silo ₃ Then, under the action of gravity, the ammonia is transferred to the upper part of the adsorption tower and contacted with the flue gas to realize desulfurization and denitration, and ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually reacted by nitrogen oxides, but the activated carbon still has stronger catalytic activity at the moment, so that part of ammonia is added in the middle part of an inlet flue of the adsorption tower in order to strengthen the denitration effect; the catalytic activated carbon is poor after passing through the activated carbon in the middle part of the adsorption tower, and ammonia is not required to be sprayed into the lower part of the flue in order to avoid waste of ammonia.

In the first embodiment described above, excessive escape of ammonia can be avoided. Pre-adsorbing part of ammonia by adopting active carbon; meanwhile, in order to enhance the denitration effect, part of ammonia is sprayed again in the middle of the adsorption tower.

According to a second embodiment of the present application, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification device for efficient denitrification, the device comprising: the device comprises an adsorption tower, a desorption tower, a gas mixer, a first active carbon conveyor, a second active carbon conveyor and an active carbon bin arranged above the adsorption tower,

Wherein the adsorption tower is provided with a flue gas inlet at one side, a flue upper part, a flue middle part and a flue lower part which are respectively communicated with the flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet at the other side,

wherein the resolving tower is provided with a nitrogen delivery pipe having four branches, namely a first nitrogen branch, a second nitrogen branch, a third nitrogen branch and a fourth nitrogen branch, the first nitrogen branch is connected to the lower cooling section of the resolving tower, the second nitrogen branch is connected to the upper heating section of the resolving tower, the third nitrogen branch is connected between two rotary valves on the upper feed pipe of the resolving tower, and the fourth nitrogen branch is connected between two rotary valves on the lower discharge pipe of the resolving tower; and

wherein the ammonia gas delivery pipe is divided into two paths, namely a first gas pipe and a second gas pipe, the first gas pipe is connected to the first nitrogen branch, the second gas pipe is connected to the ammonia gas inlet of the gas mixer, and a third gas pipe led out from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer is communicated to the middle part of the flue of the adsorption tower (preferably, the ammonia spraying point is positioned at the front end of the adsorption tower).

Generally, the upper heating section of the analytical column is a shell and tube heat exchange structure in which the heated gas passes through the shell side and the activated carbon passes through the tube side. The lower cooling section is also a shell and tube heat exchange structure in which the cooling gas passes through the shell side and the activated carbon passes through the tube side.

The first nitrogen branch delivers nitrogen into the tube side of the lower cooling section. The second nitrogen branch delivers nitrogen into the tube side of the upper heating section.

Generally, two rotary valves are provided on an activated carbon transport pipe above an activated carbon storage bin of an adsorption tower. A nitrogen delivery pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves for nitrogen sealing and preventing smoke leakage.

The main function of introducing nitrogen into the analytic tower is as follows: the sealing is firstly carried out, and the sealing is secondly used as SO ₂ Is used as a carrier gas. The nitrogen is generally introduced into the tower in four ways, wherein the nitrogen comprises one way at the lower part of the cooling section of the tower. And a certain amount of ammonia gas enters a nitrogen pipeline at the lower part of the cooling section of the analytic tower through a first gas valve and a first gas pipeline, is diluted by nitrogen, contacts with the cooled regenerated active carbon, and is pre-adsorbed by the active carbon. A further part of the ammonia is diluted with air in a gas mixer to NH ₃ Concentration ofAnd (5) changing into diluted ammonia after less than or equal to 5vol% and spraying into a flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, and the diluted ammonia spraying point is positioned at the middle part of the flue. AC adsorption NH at lower part of cooling section of analytical tower ₃ Then, the ammonia is moved to the upper part of the adsorption tower through a conveyor to contact with the flue gas, so that desulfurization and denitrification are realized, meanwhile, ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed by the reaction, but the activated carbon still has stronger catalytic activity, and in order to strengthen the denitrification effect, diluted ammonia is added in the middle part of an inlet flue of the adsorption tower; the catalytic activated carbon is poor after passing through the activated carbon in the middle part of the adsorption tower, and ammonia is not required to be sprayed into the lower part of the flue in order to avoid waste of ammonia.

In the second embodiment described above, excessive escape of ammonia can be avoided. Pre-adsorbing part of ammonia at the lower part of a cooling section of the analytic tower by adopting active carbon; in order to enhance the denitration effect, part of ammonia is sprayed into the middle part of the adsorption tower again.

Preferably, the adsorption tower has 3 activated carbon chambers, the first chamber (i.e., front chamber), the second chamber (i.e., middle chamber) and the third chamber (i.e., rear chamber) having a thickness of 90-350mm (preferably 100-250mm,110-230mm, such as 120, 150, 200 or 220 mm), 360-2000mm (preferably 380-1800mm, preferably 400-1600mm, such as 450, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1200, 1500, 1700 mm) and 420-2200mm (preferably 432-2200mm, preferably 450-2050mm, such as 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100mm, 1400mm, 1600mm, 1800mm or 2000 mm), respectively, in the order of the flow direction of the flue gas.

Preferably, there is a discharge roller at the bottom of each chamber of the adsorption tower.

Preferably, there are one or more blowdown rotary valves in the lower or bottom bin of the adsorption column.

In all desulfurization and denitrification systems of the present application, a vibrating screen with a screen is generally employed below or downstream of the bottom outlet of the analytical column.

In order to avoid entrapment of the tablet-shaped activated carbon on the screen, the application designs a screen with rectangular or strip-shaped screen holes. The screen can be arranged on the vibrating screen, and active carbon particles meeting the requirements of the desulfurization and denitrification device are screened out.

It is therefore preferred to provide a screen having a rectangular or elongated screen aperture with a length L ≡3D, the rectangular screen aperture having a width a=0.65 h-0.95h (preferably 0.7h-0.9h, more preferably 0.73h-0.85 h), where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen and h is the minimum of the length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen.

In particular, to overcome the prior art problems encountered in desulfurization and denitrification units, it is generally desirable that the minimum length h of the activated carbon cylinder be 1.5mm to 7mm. For example h=2, 4 or 6mm.

D (or)) Depending on the specific requirements of the desulfurization and denitrification device. Generally (I)>Preferably 5-9mm, more preferably 5.5-8.5mm, more preferably 6-8mm, e.g. 6.5mm, 7mm or 7.5mm.

The adsorption column typically has at least 2 activated carbon feed chambers.

Preferably, a round roll feeder or discharge round roll (G) is provided at the bottom of each activated carbon material chamber of the adsorption tower. For the discharge roller (G) described herein, a prior art discharge roller may be used. However, it is preferable that, instead of the round roll feeder or the discharging round roll (G), a novel star-wheel activated carbon discharging device (G) may be used, which includes: the star wheel type active carbon discharging roller is positioned below a discharging hole formed by the front baffle plate and the rear baffle plate at the lower part of the active carbon material chamber and the two side plates; wherein the star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller comprises a round roller and a plurality of blades which are distributed at equal angles or basically equal angles along the circumference of the round roller. More specifically, a novel star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller is used below a discharging hole formed by a front baffle plate and a rear baffle plate which are arranged at the lower part of an active carbon material chamber and two side plates.

The star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller has a star-wheel type configuration or appearance when seen from the cross section of the star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller.

The star wheel type active carbon discharging device mainly comprises a front baffle plate and a rear baffle plate of an active carbon discharging hole, two side plates, blades and a round roller. The front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly arranged, an activated carbon discharging channel, namely a discharging port, is reserved between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the discharging port consists of the front baffle, the rear baffle and two side plates. The round roller is arranged at the lower ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle, the blades are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round roller, the round roller is driven by the motor to do rotary motion, and the rotary direction is from the rear baffle to the front baffle. The angle or pitch between the blades cannot be too great and the angle θ between the blades is typically designed to be less than 64 °, for example 12-64 °, preferably 15-60 °, preferably 20-55 °, more preferably 25-50 °, more preferably 30-45 °. A gap or spacing s is designed between the blades and the bottom end of the tailgate. The s is generally from 0.5 to 5mm, preferably from 0.7 to 3mm, preferably from 1 to 2mm.

The radius of the outer circumference of the star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller (or the radius of the outer circumference rotation of the blades on the round roller) is r. r is the radius of the cross section (circle) of the roller (106 a) plus the width of the blade.

Generally, the radius of the cross section (circle) of the roller is 30-120mm, preferably 50-100mm, and the width of the blade is 40-130mm, preferably 60-100mm.

The distance between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle plate is h, and h is generally larger than r+ (12-30) mm but smaller than r/sin58 degrees, so that the smooth discharging of the activated carbon can be ensured, and the activated carbon can be ensured not to slide down automatically when the round roller is not moving.

In general, in the present application, the cross section of the discharge opening of the star-wheel activated carbon discharge device is square or rectangular, and preferably rectangular (or rectangular) with a length greater than a width. I.e. a rectangle (or rectangle) with a length greater than a width.

Preferably, there are one or more blowdown rotary valves in the lower or bottom bin (H) of the adsorption column.

For the rotary valve described herein, a rotary valve of the prior art may be used. However, it is preferred to use a new rotary valve comprising: an upper feed inlet, a valve core, a blade, a valve shell, a lower discharge outlet, a buffer area positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve and a flat plate; wherein the buffer area is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed inlet and communicated with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer area in the horizontal direction is longer than that of the cross section of the upper feed inlet in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in the buffer, and the upper end of flat flitch is fixed at the top of buffer, and the cross section of flat flitch in the horizontal direction appears "V" shape.

Preferably, the upper feed opening is rectangular or rectangular in cross-section, and the buffer zone is rectangular or rectangular in cross-section.

Preferably, the length of the cross section of the buffer zone is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the flat material plate is formed by splicing two single plates, or the flat material plate is formed by bending a plate into two plate surfaces.

Preferably, the included angle 2α of two single plates or two plate surfaces is less than or equal to 120 °, preferably 2α is less than or equal to 90 °. Thus, α is less than or equal to 60 °, preferably α is less than or equal to 45 °.

Preferably, the included angle phi between each veneer or each plate surface and the length direction of the buffer zone is more than or equal to 30 degrees, preferably more than or equal to 45 degrees, and more preferably more than or equal to the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

Preferably, the bottoms of the two veneers or the bottoms of the two boards are arc-shaped.

Preferably, the length of the centerline segment between two veneers or panels is equal to or less than the width of the cross-section of the buffer in the horizontal direction.

Obviously, α+Φ=90°.

In general, in this application, the discharge opening of the rotary valve is square or rectangular in cross-section, preferably rectangular (or rectangular) with a length greater than the width. I.e. a rectangle (or rectangle) with a length greater than a width.

In general, the height of the main structure of the adsorption column is 10 to 60m (meter), preferably 12 to 55m (meter), preferably 14 to 50m, preferably 16 to 45m,18 to 40m, preferably 20 to 35m, preferably 22 to 30m. The height of the main structure of the adsorption tower means the height from the inlet to the outlet of the adsorption tower (main structure). The column height of the adsorption column refers to the height from the activated carbon outlet at the bottom of the adsorption column to the activated carbon inlet at the top of the adsorption column, i.e., the height of the main structure of the column.

The resolving tower or regeneration tower generally has a tower height of 8 to 45 meters, preferably 10 to 40 meters, more preferably 12 to 35 meters. The column typically has a length of 6-100 meters ² Preferably 8-50 meters ² More preferably 10-30 meters ² Further preferably 15-20 meters ² Is a cross-sectional area of the body of the (c).

In addition, in the present application, the flue gas broadly includes: conventional industrial fumes or industrial waste gases.

The thickness of an activated carbon chamber or compartment refers to the distance or spacing between two porous baffles of the activated carbon chamber or compartment.

Advantages or advantageous technical effects of the invention

1. By enabling the activated carbon to adsorb a certain amount of ammonia in advance, the denitration effect is enhanced, and the denitration effect is improved by more than 40% on the basis of the prior art.

2. The ammonia escape is reduced.

3. The screen mesh with rectangular screen holes is adopted in the vibrating screen, so that bridging phenomenon of tablet active carbon is eliminated, tablet active carbon with low wear-resisting and compressive strength is removed under the screen, fragments and dust are prevented from being generated in the desulfurization and denitrification device, moving resistance of the active carbon is reduced, high-temperature combustion risk of the active carbon in the adsorption tower is reduced, and the high-strength active carbon is recycled in the device.

4. And a special discharging device is adopted, so that the discharging faults of the activated carbon are reduced, and the shutdown and overhaul frequency of the whole device is greatly reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art desulfurization and denitrification device including an activated carbon adsorption tower and an activated carbon regeneration tower and a process flow.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a denitration device and a process flow of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another denitration device and process flow of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a prior art screen.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the screen of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of tablet-shaped activated carbon.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an elongated activated carbon.

Fig. 8 and 9 are schematic views of an activated carbon discharging apparatus (round roll feeder) of the prior art.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a star-wheel activated carbon discharge device of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a rotary valve F of the present invention.

Fig. 12 and 13 are schematic structural views of a cross section along the M-M line of fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the flat material plate (F07).

Reference numerals:

1: an activated carbon adsorption tower; 101: the upper part of the flue; 102: the middle part of the flue; 103: the lower part of the flue; a: a flue gas inlet; b: a flue gas outlet; AC: an activated carbon bin; 2: an analytical tower; 201: heating zones (sections); 202: a cooling zone (section); 3: a gas mixer; 4: first activated carbon conveyor, 5: a second activated carbon conveyor; sc is a vibrating screen;

V1: a first gas valve; v2: a second gas valve; vr: an activated carbon rotary valve;

l1: first gas line, L2: a second gas conduit; l3: and a third gas pipeline.

L4: a nitrogen gas delivery pipe; l4a: a first nitrogen manifold; l4b: a second nitrogen manifold; l4c: a third nitrogen manifold; l4d: and a fourth nitrogen branch pipe.

AC-c: an activated carbon material chamber; h: discharging hoppers or bottom bins; AC: activated carbon; AC-1: activated carbon blocks (or agglomerates); f: rotating the valve;

g: a round roller feeder, a star-wheel type active carbon discharging device or a star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller; g01: a round roller; g02: a blade; AC-I: a front baffle; AC-II: a rear baffle;

h: the distance between the axial center of the round roller G01 and the lower end of the front baffle AC-I; s: the (gap) spacing between the blades and the bottom end of the tailgate; θ: included angles between adjacent blades G02 on the round roller G01; r: the distance between the outer edge of the blade and the axial center of the round roller G01 (i.e., the radius of the blade with respect to the center of the round roller G01, abbreviated as radius);

f: a feed rotary valve; f01: a valve core; f02: a blade; f03: a valve housing; f04: an upper feed inlet; f05: a lower discharge port; f06 a buffer zone located in the upper space of the valve's inner chamber; f07: a material flattening plate; f0701 or F0702: two single plates of the flat material plate F07 or two plate surfaces of the flat material plate F07.

Alpha: two veneers (F0701, F0702) or 1/2 of the angle between two panels (F0701, F0702).

Φ: the angle between each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each board surface (F0701 or F0702) and the length direction of the buffer zone (F06).

L1: the length of the cross section of the upper feed inlet F04 in the horizontal plane direction; l2: the length of the cross section of the flat material plate F07 in the horizontal plane direction.

Detailed Description

The sintering flue gas to be treated in the examples is sintering machine flue gas from the steel industry.

As shown in fig. 2, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification device for efficient denitrification, the device comprising: an adsorption tower 1, a desorption tower 2, a gas mixer 3, a first activated carbon conveyor 4, a second activated carbon conveyor 5 and an activated carbon silo AC arranged above the adsorption tower 1,

wherein the adsorption tower 1 has a flue gas inlet A on one side thereof and a flue upper portion 101, a flue middle portion 102 and a flue lower portion 103 which are respectively communicated with the flue gas inlet A, and has a flue gas outlet B on the other side thereof, and

wherein a first gas duct L1 leading from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon silo AC (which is located in the middle or lower part of the silo AC), a second gas duct L2 leading from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the middle part 102 of the flue and optionally also to (i.e. connected or not connected to) the upper part 101 of the flue, and a third gas duct L3 leading from the gas outlet of the activated carbon silo AC (which is located in the middle or upper part of the silo AC) merges with the second gas duct L2.

Typically, the flue downstream of the flue gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely an upper flue portion 101, a middle flue portion 102 and a lower flue portion 103; accordingly, the adsorption tower 1 is also divided into an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion. The injection point of the diluted ammonia gas in the flue is located in the middle part 102 of the flue (preferably at its front end).

Generally, two rotary valves Vr are provided on the activated carbon delivery pipe above the activated carbon storage AC. A nitrogen supply pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves Vr for nitrogen sealing and preventing leakage of flue gas.

Preferably, a first gas valve V1 and a second gas valve V2 are provided at the front ends of the first gas pipe L1 and the second gas pipe L2, respectively.

Typically, the first activated carbon conveyor 4 collects activated carbon material that has adsorbed the flue gas and is discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower 1, and then conveys it to the top of the desorption tower.

The second activated carbon conveyor 5 collects the regenerated activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower 2 and then conveys it to the top bin 3 of the adsorption tower 1.

In general, a nitrogen gas transfer pipe is connected between two rotary valves Vr on the upper feed pipe of the tower 2, and a nitrogen gas transfer pipe is connected between two rotary valves Vr on the lower discharge pipe of the tower 2, which are used for sealing nitrogen gas and preventing leakage of flue gas.

Ammonia gas is diluted to NH with air in a gas mixer 3 ₃ The diluted ammonia gas with the concentration less than or equal to 5vol% is changed into diluted ammonia gas, the first path of diluted ammonia gas is introduced into a feed bin positioned at the top of the adsorption tower through a first gas valve V1 and a first gas pipeline L1, and the diluted ammonia gas is pre-adsorbed by activated carbon in the feed bin. The other or second diluted ammonia is fed via a second gas valve V2 and a second gas conduit L2 to the middle flue portion 102 and optionally to the upper flue portion 101. The mixed gas discharged from the activated carbon bin AC is conveyed through a third gas pipeline L3 to be combined with the other path or the second path of diluted ammonia gas, and then the mixed gas is sprayed into a flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, and the diluted ammonia spraying point is positioned at the middle part of the flue. In order to prevent ammonia gas in the storage bin from leaking to the conveyor, the ammonia gas is filled in the storage bin and the conveyorA double-layer rotary valve Vr is arranged between the conveyors, and sealing gas (such as nitrogen or inert gas) is introduced. AC adsorption of NH in silo ₃ Then, under the action of gravity, the ammonia is transferred to the upper part of the adsorption tower and contacted with the flue gas to realize desulfurization and denitration, and ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually reacted by nitrogen oxides, but the activated carbon still has stronger catalytic activity at the moment, so that part of ammonia is added in the middle part of an inlet flue of the adsorption tower in order to strengthen the denitration effect; the catalytic activated carbon is poor after passing through the activated carbon in the middle part of the adsorption tower, and ammonia is not required to be sprayed into the lower part of the flue in order to avoid waste of ammonia.

As shown in fig. 3, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification device for efficient denitrification, the device comprising: an adsorption tower 1, a desorption tower 2, a gas mixer 3, a first activated carbon conveyor 4, a second activated carbon conveyor 5 and an activated carbon silo AC arranged above the adsorption tower 1,

wherein the adsorption tower 1 has a flue gas inlet A on one side thereof and a flue upper part 101, a flue middle part 102 and a flue lower part 103 which are respectively communicated with the flue gas inlet A and has a flue gas outlet B on the other side thereof,

wherein the resolving tower 2 is provided with a nitrogen transfer pipe L4, the nitrogen transfer pipe L4 having four branches, namely a first nitrogen branch L4a, a second nitrogen branch L4b, a third nitrogen branch L4c and a fourth nitrogen branch L4d, the first nitrogen branch L4a being connected to the lower cooling section 202 of the resolving tower 2, the second nitrogen branch L4b being connected to the upper heating section 201 of the resolving tower 2, the third nitrogen branch L4c being connected between two rotary valves Vr on the upper feed pipe of the resolving tower 2, the fourth nitrogen branch L4d being connected between two rotary valves Vr on the lower discharge pipe of the resolving tower 2; and

Wherein the ammonia gas delivery pipe is divided into two paths, namely a first gas pipe L1 and a second gas pipe L2, the first gas pipe L1 is connected to the first nitrogen branch L4a, the second gas pipe L2 is connected to the ammonia gas inlet of the gas mixer 3, and a third gas pipe L3 led out from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is communicated to the flue middle part 102 of the adsorption tower 1 (preferably, the ammonia injection point is located at the front end thereof).

Typically, the upper heating section 201 of the resolving tower 2 is a shell and tube heat exchange structure, wherein the heated gas goes through the shell side and the activated carbon goes through the tube side. The lower cooling section 202 is also a shell and tube heat exchange structure in which the cooling gas passes through the shell side and the activated carbon passes through the tube side.

The first nitrogen branch L4a feeds nitrogen into the tube side of the lower cooling section 202. The second nitrogen branch L4b feeds nitrogen into the tube side of the upper heating section 201.

Generally, two rotary valves Vr are provided in the activated carbon transport pipe above the activated carbon storage AC of the adsorption tower 1. A nitrogen supply pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves Vr for nitrogen sealing and preventing leakage of flue gas.

The main function of introducing nitrogen into the analysis tower 2 is as follows: the sealing is firstly carried out, and the sealing is secondly used as SO ₂ Is used as a carrier gas. The four paths (L4 a, L4b, L4c or L4 d) are generally introduced into the resolving tower, wherein the path of nitrogen L4a at the lower part of the cooling section of the resolving tower is included. A certain amount of ammonia gas enters a nitrogen pipeline L4a at the lower part of the cooling section of the analysis tower through a first gas valve and a first gas pipeline, is diluted by nitrogen gas and then is contacted with the cooled regenerated active carbon, and the ammonia gas is pre-adsorbed by the active carbon. A further part of the ammonia is diluted with air in the gas mixer 3 to NH ₃ And (5) changing the ammonia into diluted ammonia after the concentration is less than or equal to 5vol% and spraying the diluted ammonia into a flue. The flue is divided into three layers, the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, and the diluted ammonia gas spraying point is positioned in the middle of the flue. AC adsorption NH at lower part of cooling section of analytical tower ₃ Then, the ammonia is moved to the upper part of the adsorption tower through a conveyor to contact with the flue gas, so that desulfurization and denitrification are realized, meanwhile, ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed by the reaction, but the activated carbon still has stronger catalytic activity, and in order to strengthen the denitrification effect, diluted ammonia is added in the middle part of an inlet flue of the adsorption tower; the catalytic activated carbon is poor after passing through the activated carbon in the middle part of the adsorption tower, and ammonia is not required to be sprayed into the lower part of the flue in order to avoid waste of ammonia.

Example A

As shown in fig. 5, in the desulfurization and denitrification deviceThe size (screen interception size) of the finished activated carbon recycled is as follows(diameter, D) ×6mm (length, h), a screen is designed for use in a layer of screen of the vibrating screen 3, wherein the width a and length L of the rectangular mesh are: 5mm (width a). Times.27 mm (length L). Where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the screen and h is the minimum of the length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the screen. a=0.833 h.

Example B

As shown in FIG. 5, the size (screen cut-off size) of the finished activated carbon recycled in the desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is required to be(diameter, D) ×4mm (length, h), a screen is designed for use in a layer of screen of the vibrating screen 3, wherein the width a and length L of the rectangular mesh are: 3mm (width a). Times.27 mm (length L). Where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the cylinder of granular activated carbon to be retained on the screen. a=0.75 h. The mesh size screen serves to retain the medium size activated carbon.

Example C

As shown in FIG. 5, the size (screen cut-off size) of the finished activated carbon recycled in the desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is required to be (diameter, D) ×2mm (average length), a screen is designed for use in a layer of screen of the vibrating screen 3, wherein the width a and length L of the rectangular mesh are: 1.6mm (width a). Times.16 mm (length L). Where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the cylinder of granular activated carbon to be retained on the screen. a=0.75 h.

The adsorption column typically has at least 2 activated carbon feed chambers.

Preferably, there is a round roll feeder or discharge round roll G at the bottom of each activated carbon material chamber AC-c of the adsorption tower. Typically, the adsorption column has at least two activated carbon feed chambers AC-c.

For the round roll feeder or the discharge round roll G described herein, a round roll feeder or a discharge round roll G in the related art may be used, as shown in fig. 8 and 9. However, it is preferable that a new star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device G is used instead of the round roll feeder or the discharging round roll G, as shown in fig. 10. Novel star-wheel type active carbon discharging device G includes: the device comprises a front baffle plate AC-I and a rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of an activated carbon material chamber, and a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G positioned below a discharging hole formed by the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of the activated carbon material chamber and two side plates; wherein the star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G comprises a round roller G01 and a plurality of blades G02 equiangularly or substantially equiangularly distributed along the circumference of the round roller. More specifically, a novel star-wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G is used below a discharging hole formed by a front baffle plate AC-I, a rear baffle plate AC-II and two side plates at the lower part of an activated carbon material chamber. That is, a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller (G) is installed at the bottom of each of the compartments of the lower activated carbon bed part (a) or below a discharging port formed by a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) of the lower part of the activated carbon compartment and two side plates.

The star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller G has a star-wheel type configuration or appearance when seen from the cross section.

In addition, the method comprises the following steps. The novel star-wheel type active carbon discharging device can also be called star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller G for short, or the star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller G and the star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller can be used interchangeably.

The star wheel type active carbon discharging device mainly comprises a front baffle plate AC-I and a rear baffle plate AC-II of an active carbon discharging hole, two side plates, a blade G02 and a round roller G01. The front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly arranged, an activated carbon discharging channel, namely a discharging port, is reserved between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the discharging port consists of a front baffle AC-I, a rear baffle AC-II and two side plates. The round rollers are arranged at the lower ends of the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II, the blades G02 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round rollers G01, the round rollers G01 are driven by a motor to do rotary motion, and the rotary direction is from the rear baffle plate AC-II to the front baffle plate AC-I. The angle or pitch between the blades G02 cannot be too large, and the angle θ between the blades is generally designed to be smaller than 64 °, for example 12-64 °, preferably 15-60 °, preferably 20-55 °, more preferably 25-50 °, more preferably 30-45 °. A gap or spacing s is designed between the blades and the bottom end of the tailgate. The s is generally from 0.5 to 5mm, preferably from 0.7 to 3mm, preferably from 1 to 2mm.

The radius of the outer circumference of the star-wheel activated carbon discharge roller G (or the radius of the outer circumference rotation of the blade on the round roller) is r. r is the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 + the width of the blade G02.

Typically, the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 30-120mm and the width of the blade G02 is 40-130mm.

Preferably, there are one or more blowdown rotary valves F in the lower or bottom bin H of the adsorption column.

For the rotary valve F described herein, a rotary valve of the related art may be used, as shown in fig. 8. However, it is preferred to use a new rotary valve F, as shown in FIGS. 11-14. The novel rotary valve F includes: an upper feed port F04, a valve core F01, a blade F02, a valve shell F03, a lower discharge port F05, a buffer zone F06 positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve and a flat material F07; wherein the buffer zone F06 is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed port F04 and communicates with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the upper feed port F04 in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in buffer F06, and the upper end of flat flitch F07 is fixed at buffer F06's top, and flat flitch F07 takes on "V" shape in the cross section of horizontal direction.

Preferably, the upper feed opening F04 is rectangular or rectangular in cross section, while the buffer zone F06 is rectangular or rectangular in cross section.

Preferably, the length of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the flat material plate F07 is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702), or the flat material plate F07 is formed by bending one plate into two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702).

Preferably, the angle 2α of the two veneers (F0701, F0702) or the two panels (F0701, F0702) is less than or equal to 120 °, preferably 2α is less than or equal to 90 °. Thus, α is less than or equal to 60 °, preferably α is less than or equal to 45 °.

Preferably, the included angle phi between each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each board surface (F0701 or F0702) and the length direction of the buffer zone F06 is more than or equal to 30 degrees, preferably more than or equal to 45 degrees, and more preferably more than or equal to the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

Preferably, the bottoms of the two veneers (F0701, F0702) or the bottoms of the two boards (F0701, F0702) are arc-shaped.

Preferably, the length of the centre line segment between the two veneers (F0701, F0702) or the two panels (F0701, F0702) is equal to or smaller than the width of the cross section of the buffer F06 in the horizontal direction.

Obviously, α+Φ=90°.

In general, in the present application, the discharge opening F05 of the novel rotary valve F has a square or rectangular cross section, and preferably has a rectangular shape (or rectangular shape) having a length greater than a width. I.e. a rectangle (or rectangle) with a length greater than a width.

Example 1

A desulfurization and denitrification device for high efficiency denitrification, the device comprising: an adsorption tower 1, a desorption tower 2, a gas mixer 3, a first activated carbon conveyor 4, a second activated carbon conveyor 5 and an activated carbon silo AC arranged above the adsorption tower 1,

wherein the adsorption column 1 has a flue gas inlet A on one side thereof and a flue gas outlet B on the other side thereof, and

wherein a first gas pipe L1 led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon storage bin AC, a second gas pipe L2 led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet A, and a third gas pipe L3 led out from the gas outlet of the activated carbon storage bin AC is converged with the second gas pipe L2.

The adsorption tower 1 has two activated carbon material chambers AC-c as shown in fig. 8. The discharge port of each of the chambers AC-c is provided with a round roll feeder G. The discharge hole of the discharging hopper or the bottom bin H is provided with a rotary valve F. Preferably, a vibrating screen Sc is arranged below the discharge opening of the resolving tower 2, wherein the vibrating screen Sc is provided with the screen of the embodiment A, see FIG. 2.

Example 2

Example 1 was repeated except that the flue downstream of the flue gas inlet was divided into three layers, namely an upper flue portion 101, a middle flue portion 102 and a lower flue portion 103, and a second gas pipe L2 led from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 was connected to the middle flue portion 102 of the flue gas inlet a.

Example 3

Example 2 was repeated except that two rotary valves Vr were provided on the activated carbon delivery pipe above the activated carbon silo AC; a nitrogen supply pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves Vr for nitrogen sealing and preventing leakage of flue gas. The front ends of the first gas pipeline L1 and the second gas pipeline L2 are respectively provided with a first gas valve V1 and a second gas valve V2.

Example 4

Example 3 was repeated except that two rotary valves Vr were provided on the upper feed pipe of the analytical column 2, and a nitrogen feed pipe was connected between the two rotary valves Vr on the upper feed pipe of the analytical column 2; two rotary valves Vr arranged on the lower discharge pipe of the analysis tower 2 are connected with a nitrogen delivery pipe between the two rotary valves Vr on the lower discharge pipe of the analysis tower 2.

Example 5

wherein the adsorption tower 1 is provided with a flue gas inlet A at one side and a flue gas outlet B at the other side,

Wherein the ammonia gas delivery pipe is divided into two paths, namely a first gas pipe L1 and a second gas pipe L2, the first gas pipe L1 is connected to the first nitrogen branch L4a, the second gas pipe L2 is connected to the ammonia gas inlet of the gas mixer 3, and a third gas pipe L3 led out from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is communicated to the flue gas inlet a of the adsorption tower 1.

Example 6

Example 5 was repeated except that the flue downstream of the flue gas inlet a was divided into three layers, namely, an upper flue portion 101, a middle flue portion 102 and a lower flue portion 103, and a second gas pipe L2 led from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 was connected to the middle flue portion 102 of the flue gas inlet a and to the upper flue portion 101.

Example 7

Example 6 was repeated except that the upper heating section 201 of the analytical column 2 was a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure in which the heating gas was routed to the shell side and the activated carbon was routed to the tube side, and the lower cooling section 202 was also a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure in which the cooling gas was routed to the shell side and the activated carbon was routed to the tube side;

The first nitrogen branch L4a feeds nitrogen into the tube side of the lower cooling section 202. The second nitrogen branch L4b delivers nitrogen into the tube side of the upper heating section 201;

two rotary valves Vr are arranged on an active carbon conveying pipeline above an active carbon bin AC of the adsorption tower 1; a nitrogen supply pipe is preferably connected between the two rotary valves Vr for nitrogen sealing and preventing leakage of flue gas.

Example 8

Example 7 was repeated except that the first gas valve V1 and the second gas valve V2 were provided at the front ends of the first gas pipe L1 and the second gas pipe L2, respectively; two rotary valves Vr are arranged on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower 2, and a nitrogen conveying pipe is connected between the two rotary valves Vr on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower 2.

In the embodiment, the vibration sieve provided with the specific screen mesh is used for replacing a common vibration sieve below a discharge hole of the resolving tower 2, so that the phenomenon of bridging of tablet active carbon is eliminated, tablet active carbon with very low wear-resistant and pressure-resistant strength is removed under the sieve, fragments and dust are avoided being generated in a desulfurization and denitrification device, the moving resistance of the active carbon is reduced, the high-temperature combustion risk of the active carbon in the adsorption tower is reduced, the recycling of the high-strength active carbon in the device is realized, the blanking of the vibration sieve is reduced, and the running cost is reduced.

Example 9

Example 1 was repeated except that a novel star-wheel activated carbon discharging device was used instead of the discharging round roller G, as shown in fig. 10. And the bottom of one activated carbon material chamber is provided with 1 material outlet. The discharge opening is formed by a front baffle AC-I and a rear baffle AC-II and two side plates (not shown).

The main structure of the adsorption tower has a height of 21m (meters). The adsorption tower 1 has 2 activated carbon material chambers. Wherein the thickness of the first compartment on the left is 180mm. The thickness of the second chamber on the right is 900mm.

Star wheel type active carbon discharging device includes: the device comprises a front baffle plate AC-I and a rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of an activated carbon material chamber, and a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G positioned below a discharging hole formed by the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of the activated carbon material chamber and two side plates; wherein the star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G comprises a round roller G01 and 12 blades G02 distributed along the circumference of the round roller at equal angles (θ=30°).

The star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller G is in a star-wheel type configuration when seen in cross section.

The discharge opening consists of a front baffle plate AC-I, a rear baffle plate AC-II and two side plates. The round rollers are arranged at the lower ends of the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II, the blades G02 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round rollers G01, the round rollers G01 are driven by a motor to do rotary motion, and the rotary direction is from the rear baffle plate AC-II to the front baffle plate AC-I. The angle θ between the blades G02 is 30 °. A gap or spacing s is designed between the blades and the bottom end of the tailgate. The s is taken to be 2mm.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 was 60mm, and the width of the blade G02 was 100mm.

Example 10

Example 2 was repeated except that a novel star-wheel activated carbon discharging device was used instead of the discharging round roller G, as shown in fig. 10. And the bottom of one activated carbon material chamber is provided with 1 material outlet. The discharge opening is formed by a front baffle AC-I and a rear baffle AC-II and two side plates (not shown).

The main structure of the adsorption tower has a height of 21m (meters). The thickness of the first left hand compartment is 160mm. The thickness of the second chamber on the right is 1000mm.

Star wheel type active carbon discharging device includes: the device comprises a front baffle plate AC-I and a rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of an activated carbon material chamber, and a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G positioned below a discharging hole formed by the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II at the lower part of the activated carbon material chamber and two side plates; wherein the star wheel type activated carbon discharging roller G comprises a round roller G01 and 8 blades G02 distributed along the circumference of the round roller at equal angles (θ=45°).

The discharge opening consists of a front baffle plate AC-I, a rear baffle plate AC-II and two side plates. The round rollers are arranged at the lower ends of the front baffle plate AC-I and the rear baffle plate AC-II, the blades G02 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round rollers G01, the round rollers G01 are driven by a motor to do rotary motion, and the rotary direction is from the rear baffle plate AC-II to the front baffle plate AC-I. The angle θ between the blades G02 is 45 °. A gap or spacing s is designed between the blades and the bottom end of the tailgate. This s is 1mm.

The radius of the outer circumference of the star-wheel type active carbon discharging roller G is r. r is the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 + the width of the blade G02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 90mm, and the width of the blade G02 is 70mm.

Example 11

Example 2 was repeated except that instead of the conventional blowdown rotary valve F, a new blowdown rotary valve F was used as shown in fig. 11-14.

The novel rotary valve F includes: the valve comprises an upper feed port F04, a valve core F01, a blade F02, a valve shell F03, a lower discharge port F05, a buffer zone F06 positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve and a flat material F07. Wherein the buffer zone F06 is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed port F04 and communicates with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the upper feed port F04 in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in buffer F06, and the upper end of flat flitch F07 is fixed at buffer F06's top, and flat flitch F07 takes on "V" shape in the cross section of horizontal direction.

The upper feed opening F04 is rectangular in cross section, while the buffer zone F06 is also rectangular in cross section.

The length of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction.

The flat material plate F07 is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702).

The angle 2 alpha between the two veneers (F0701, F0702) is 90 degrees.

Preferably, the angle Φ between each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each board (F0701 or F0702) and the length direction of the buffer region F06 is 30 °. Ensure that phi is larger than the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

The bottoms of the two veneers (F0701, F0702) are arc-shaped respectively.

The length of the central line segment between the two veneers (F0701, F0702) or the two panels (F0701, F0702) is slightly smaller than the width of the cross section of the buffer region F06 in the horizontal direction.

α+Φ＝90°。

The radius of rotation of the outer circumference of the blades of the rotary valve is r. r is the radius of the cross section (circle) of the spool F01 + the width of the vane F02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the spool F01) is 30mm and the width of the vane F02 is 100mm. I.e. r is 130mm.

The length of the blade F02 is 380mm.

Example 12

Example 10 was repeated except that instead of the conventional blowdown rotary valve F, a new blowdown rotary valve F was used as shown in fig. 11-14.

The rotary valve F includes: the valve comprises an upper feed port F04, a valve core F01, a blade F02, a valve shell F03, a lower discharge port F05, a buffer zone F06 positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve and a flat material F07. Wherein the buffer zone F06 is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed port F04 and communicates with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the upper feed port F04 in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in buffer F06, and the upper end of flat flitch F07 is fixed at buffer F06's top, and flat flitch F07 takes on "V" shape in the cross section of horizontal direction.

The angle 2 alpha between the two veneers (F0701, F0702) is 90 degrees.

The bottoms of the two veneers (F0701, F0702) are arc-shaped respectively.

α+Φ＝90°。

The length of the blade F02 is 380mm.

Claims

1. A desulfurization and denitrification device for high efficiency denitrification, the device comprising: an adsorption tower (1), an analysis tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5) and an activated carbon storage bin (AC) arranged above the adsorption tower (1),

wherein the adsorption column (1) has a flue gas inlet (A) on one side thereof and a flue gas outlet (B) on the other side thereof, and

wherein a first gas pipe (L1) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon storage bin (AC), a second gas pipe (L2) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected to the flue gas inlet (A), and a third gas pipe (L3) led out from the gas outlet of the activated carbon storage bin (AC) merges with the second gas pipe (L2);

diluting ammonia gas to NH in a gas mixer by air ₃ The ammonia gas becomes diluted ammonia gas after the concentration is less than or equal to 5 vol%; the downstream of the flue gas inlet is a flue, the flue gas downstream of the flue gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely an upper flue part (101), a middle flue part (102) and a lower flue part (103), and a second gas pipeline (L2) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected toThe flue gas inlet (A) is arranged in the middle (102) of the flue.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a second gas pipe (L2) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is also connected to the upper part (101) of the flue.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on an active carbon conveying pipeline above an active carbon bin (AC).

4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: a nitrogen delivery pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) and is used for sealing nitrogen and preventing smoke leakage.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, wherein: the front ends of the first gas pipeline (L1) and the second gas pipeline (L2) are respectively provided with a first gas valve (V1) and a second gas valve (V2).

6. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the front ends of the first gas pipeline (L1) and the second gas pipeline (L2) are respectively provided with a first gas valve (V1) and a second gas valve (V2).

7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, wherein: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2), and a nitrogen conveying pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2); and/or

Two rotary valves (Vr) arranged on the lower discharging pipe of the analytic tower (2) are connected with a nitrogen conveying pipe between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the lower discharging pipe of the analytic tower (2).

8. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2), and a nitrogen conveying pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2); and/or

9. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2), and a nitrogen conveying pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2); and/or

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, 8-9, wherein a vibrating screen with a screen having rectangular openings with a length l.gtoreq.3D is used below or downstream of the bottom outlet of the analyzing column (2), the width a=0.65 h-0.95h of the rectangular openings, where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen and h is the minimum value of the length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein a = 0.7h-0.9h, h = 1.5mm-7mm; the diameter D of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder is 4.5-9.5mm.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein a = 0.73h-0.85h and the diameter D of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder is 5-9mm.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, 8-9, 11-12, wherein the adsorption tower (1) has at least 2 activated carbon chambers (AC-c), and is equipped with a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roll (G) comprising a round roll (G01) and a plurality of blades (G02) equiangularly distributed along the circumference of the round roll at the bottom of each activated carbon chamber (AC-c) or under a discharging opening constituted by a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) of the lower part of the activated carbon chambers and two side plates.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the round roller (G01) is arranged at the lower end of the front baffle (AC-I) and the rear baffle (AC-II), and the angle θ between the blades (G02) distributed over the circumference of the round roller (G01) is 12-64 °.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein θ is 15-60 °.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein θ is 20-55 °.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein θ is 25-50 °.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein θ is 30-45 °.

19. The device according to claim 13, wherein the spacing s between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate is 0.5-5mm; and/or

The radius of the cross section of the round roller (G01) is 30-120mm; and/or

The distance h between the centre of the roller and the lower end of the front baffle is greater than r+ (12-30) mm but less than r/sin58 DEG, r being the radius of the cross section of the roller (G01) plus the width of the blade (G02).

20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the spacing s between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate is 0.7-3mm.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the spacing s between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate is 1-2 mm.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, 8-9, 11-12, 14-21, wherein there are one or more blowdown rotary valves (F) in the lower or bottom bin (H) of the adsorption column, the rotary valves (F) comprising: an upper feed port (F04), a valve core (F01), a blade (F02), a valve housing (F03), a lower discharge port (F05), a buffer area (F06) positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve, and a flat plate (F07); wherein the buffer zone (F06) is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed port (F04) and communicates with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer zone (F06) in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the upper feed port (F04) in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in buffer (F06), and the upper end of flat flitch (F07) is fixed at the top of buffer (F06), and the cross section of flat flitch (F07) in the horizontal direction appears "V" shape.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the upper feed opening (F04) is rectangular or rectangular in cross section, while the buffer zone (F06) is rectangular or rectangular in cross section; and/or

The length of the cross section of the buffer zone (F06) is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade (F02) in the horizontal direction.

24. The device according to claim 22, wherein the flat blank (F07) is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702), or the flat blank (F07) is formed by bending one plate into two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702), and the included angle 2α of the two single plates (F0701, F0702) or the two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702) is less than or equal to 120 °.

25. The device according to claim 24, wherein the angle Φ between each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each board (F0701 or F0702) and the length direction of the buffer (F06) is not less than 30 °; and/or

Wherein the bottoms of the two veneers (F0701, F0702) or the bottoms of the two boards (F0701, F0702) respectively are arc-shaped.

26. The device according to claim 24, wherein the angle Φ between the length direction of each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each veneer (F0701 or F0702) and the buffer (F06) is larger than or equal to the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

27. A desulfurization and denitrification device for high efficiency denitrification, the device comprising: an adsorption tower (1), an analysis tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5) and an activated carbon storage bin (AC) arranged above the adsorption tower (1),

Wherein the adsorption tower (1) is provided with a flue gas inlet (A) at one side and a flue gas outlet (B) at the other side,

wherein the resolving tower (2) is provided with a nitrogen transfer pipe (L4), the nitrogen transfer pipe (L4) having four branches, namely a first nitrogen branch (L4 a), a second nitrogen branch (L4 b), a third nitrogen branch (L4 c) and a fourth nitrogen branch (L4 d), the first nitrogen branch (L4 a) being connected to a lower cooling section (202) of the resolving tower (2), the second nitrogen branch (L4 b) being connected to an upper heating section (201) of the resolving tower (2), the third nitrogen branch (L4 c) being connected between two rotary valves (Vr) on an upper feed pipe of the resolving tower (2), the fourth nitrogen branch (L4 d) being connected between two rotary valves (Vr) on a lower discharge pipe of the resolving tower (2); and

wherein the ammonia gas conveying pipe is divided into two paths, namely a first gas pipeline (L1) and a second gas pipeline (L2), the first gas pipeline (L1) is connected to the first nitrogen branch (L4 a), the second gas pipeline (L2) is connected to an ammonia gas inlet of the gas mixer (3), and a third gas pipeline (L3) led out from a mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is communicated to a flue gas inlet (A) of the adsorption tower (1);

diluting ammonia gas to NH in a gas mixer by air ₃ The ammonia gas becomes diluted ammonia gas after the concentration is less than or equal to 5 vol%; the downstream of the flue gas inlet is a flue, the flue at the downstream of the flue gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely an upper flue part (101), a middle flue part (102) and a lower flue part (103), and a second gas pipeline (L2) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is connected to the middle flue part (102) of the flue gas inlet (A).

28. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein: a second gas pipe (L2) led out from the gas outlet of the gas mixer (3) is also connected to the upper part (101) of the flue.

29. The apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, wherein: the upper heating section (201) of the analysis tower (2) is of a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure, wherein the heating gas passes through a shell side and the activated carbon passes through a tube side, and the lower cooling section (202) is also of a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure, wherein the cooling gas passes through the shell side and the activated carbon passes through the tube side;

the first nitrogen branch (L4 a) conveys nitrogen into the tube side of the lower cooling section (202); the second nitrogen branch (L4 b) feeds nitrogen into the tube side of the upper heating section (201).

30. The apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, wherein: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on an active carbon conveying pipeline above an active carbon bin (AC) of the adsorption tower (1).

31. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein: two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on an active carbon conveying pipeline above an active carbon bin (AC) of the adsorption tower (1).

32. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein: a nitrogen delivery pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) and is used for sealing nitrogen and preventing smoke leakage.

33. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein: a nitrogen delivery pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) and is used for sealing nitrogen and preventing smoke leakage.

34. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27-28, 31-33, wherein: the front ends of the first gas pipeline (L1) and the second gas pipeline (L2) are respectively provided with a first gas valve (V1) and a second gas valve (V2); and/or

Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2), and a nitrogen conveying pipe is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the upper feed pipe of the analysis tower (2).

35. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein: the front ends of the first gas pipeline (L1) and the second gas pipeline (L2) are respectively provided with a first gas valve (V1) and a second gas valve (V2); and/or

36. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein: the front ends of the first gas pipeline (L1) and the second gas pipeline (L2) are respectively provided with a first gas valve (V1) and a second gas valve (V2); and/or

37. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27-28, 31-33, 35-36, wherein a vibrating screen with a screen having rectangular openings with a length L > 3D is used below or downstream of the bottom outlet of the analyzing column (2), the rectangular openings having a width a = 0.65h-0.95h, wherein D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen and h is the minimum of the length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be trapped on the screen.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the rectangular mesh has a width a = 0.7h-0.9h and h = 1.5mm-7mm; the diameter D of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder is 4.5-9.5mm.

39. The apparatus of claim 38, wherein the rectangular mesh has a width a = 0.73h-0.85h; the diameter D of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder is 5-9mm.

40. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27-28, 31-33, 35-36, 38-39, wherein the adsorption tower (1) has at least 2 activated carbon chambers (AC-c), and is equipped with a star wheel type activated carbon discharging roll (G) comprising a round roll (G01) and a plurality of blades (G02) equiangularly distributed along the circumference of the round roll at the bottom of each activated carbon chamber (AC-c) or under a discharging opening constituted by a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) of the lower part of the activated carbon chambers and two side plates.

41. The apparatus according to claim 40, wherein the round roller (G01) is disposed at the lower ends of the front baffle (AC-I) and the rear baffle (AC-II), and the angle θ between the blades (G02) distributed over the circumference of the round roller (G01) is 12-64 °.

42. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein θ is 15-60 °.

43. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein θ is 20-55 °.

44. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein θ is 25-50 °.

45. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein θ is 30-45 °.

46. The apparatus according to claim 40, wherein the spacing s between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate is 0.5-5mm; and/or

The radius of the cross section of the round roller (G01) is 30-120mm, and the width of the blade (G02) is 40-130mm; and/or

47. The apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the spacing s between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate is 0.7-3mm.

48. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the spacing s 1-2 mm between the blade (G02) and the bottom end of the tailgate.

49. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27-28, 31-33, 35-36, 38-39, 41-48, wherein there are one or more blowdown rotary valves (F) in the lower or bottom bin (H) of the adsorption column, the rotary valves (F) comprising: an upper feed port (F04), a valve core (F01), a blade (F02), a valve housing (F03), a lower discharge port (F05), a buffer area (F06) positioned in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve, and a flat plate (F07); wherein the buffer zone (F06) is adjacent to the lower space of the upper feed port (F04) and communicates with each other, and the length of the cross section of the buffer zone (F06) in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the upper feed port (F04) in the horizontal direction; wherein the flat flitch sets up in buffer (F06), and the upper end of flat flitch (F07) is fixed at the top of buffer (F06), and the cross section of flat flitch (F07) in the horizontal direction appears "V" shape.

50. The apparatus according to claim 49, wherein the upper feed opening (F04) is rectangular or rectangular in cross section, and the buffer zone (F06) is rectangular or rectangular in cross section; and/or

51. The device according to claim 49, wherein the flat plate (F07) is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702), or the flat plate (F07) is formed by bending one plate into two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702), and the included angle 2 alpha of the two single plates (F0701, F0702) or the two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702) is less than or equal to 120 degrees.

52. The device according to claim 51, wherein the angle Φ between each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each board (F0701 or F0702) and the length direction of the buffer (F06) is not less than 30 °; and/or

53. The device according to claim 51, wherein the angle Φ between the length direction of each veneer (F0701 or F0702) or each veneer (F0701 or F0702) and the buffer region (F06) is larger than or equal to the friction angle of the activated carbon material.